CN112150992A - Tone simulation method, system and device for plucked musical instrument and computer equipment - Google Patents
Tone simulation method, system and device for plucked musical instrument and computer equipment Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/0091—Means for obtaining special acoustic effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/0008—Associated control or indicating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H7/00—Instruments in which the tones are synthesised from a data store, e.g. computer organs
- G10H7/08—Instruments in which the tones are synthesised from a data store, e.g. computer organs by calculating functions or polynomial approximations to evaluate amplitudes at successive sample points of a tone waveform
- G10H7/10—Instruments in which the tones are synthesised from a data store, e.g. computer organs by calculating functions or polynomial approximations to evaluate amplitudes at successive sample points of a tone waveform using coefficients or parameters stored in a memory, e.g. Fourier coefficients
- G10H7/105—Instruments in which the tones are synthesised from a data store, e.g. computer organs by calculating functions or polynomial approximations to evaluate amplitudes at successive sample points of a tone waveform using coefficients or parameters stored in a memory, e.g. Fourier coefficients using Fourier coefficients
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H2210/00—Aspects or methods of musical processing having intrinsic musical character, i.e. involving musical theory or musical parameters or relying on musical knowledge, as applied in electrophonic musical tools or instruments
- G10H2210/031—Musical analysis, i.e. isolation, extraction or identification of musical elements or musical parameters from a raw acoustic signal or from an encoded audio signal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H2210/00—Aspects or methods of musical processing having intrinsic musical character, i.e. involving musical theory or musical parameters or relying on musical knowledge, as applied in electrophonic musical tools or instruments
- G10H2210/155—Musical effects
- G10H2210/265—Acoustic effect simulation, i.e. volume, spatial, resonance or reverberation effects added to a musical sound, usually by appropriate filtering or delays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H2230/00—General physical, ergonomic or hardware implementation of electrophonic musical tools or instruments, e.g. shape or architecture
- G10H2230/045—Special instrument [spint], i.e. mimicking the ergonomy, shape, sound or other characteristic of a specific acoustic musical instrument category
- G10H2230/075—Spint stringed, i.e. mimicking stringed instrument features, electrophonic aspects of acoustic stringed musical instruments without keyboard; MIDI-like control therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H2250/00—Aspects of algorithms or signal processing methods without intrinsic musical character, yet specifically adapted for or used in electrophonic musical processing
- G10H2250/315—Sound category-dependent sound synthesis processes [Gensound] for musical use; Sound category-specific synthesis-controlling parameters or control means therefor
- G10H2250/441—Gensound string, i.e. generating the sound of a string instrument, controlling specific features of said sound
Abstract
The application relates to a tone simulation method, a tone simulation system, a tone simulation device, computer equipment and a storage medium of a plucked musical instrument. The method comprises the following steps: and respectively acquiring nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument, and acquiring a nonlinear frequency response difference model according to the corresponding harmonic response characteristics. And obtaining a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristics of the target plucked instrument. And inputting the synthesized playing signal generated by the synthesized playing musical instrument into the nonlinear frequency response difference model and the linear frequency response model in sequence to obtain a target playing signal for simulating the timbre of the target playing musical instrument. The method uses the nonlinear frequency response difference model to convert the synthesized playing signal into a signal which accords with the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the target plucked instrument, and then uses the linear frequency response model to obtain the target playing signal which simulates the tone of the target plucked instrument, so that the comprehensive influence of each component of the plucked instrument on the tone can be completely simulated, and a better tone simulation effect can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of plucked musical instruments, and in particular, to a timbre simulation method, system, device and computer apparatus for plucked musical instruments.
Background
Plucked instruments are instruments that produce sound by plucking strings with fingers or picks and striking strings with pianos, and are all instruments that use the vibrations of strings as sound sources. Taking a guitar as an example, guitars can be structurally classified into acoustic guitars and electric guitars. An electric guitar generally consists of a head, a neck, a body, a bridge and a pickup. The acoustic guitar amplifies the sound produced by the vibrations of the strings through the resonator. The electric guitar collects the vibration of the strings through the pickup and converts the vibration into an electric signal, and the sound is amplified through an external sound box.
The timbre of the plucked instrument is determined by all its components, and thus is fixed after the design and production. For example, for an acoustic guitar, the effect of the panel, neck material and barrel shape of the guitar on the timbre is large. Peach blossom heart wood and maple are frequently used for manufacturing neck, but the intermediate frequency of a piano made of peach blossom heart materials is very sufficient, the high frequency is not particularly prominent, and the tone color of a piano made of maple is very bright, and the lingering sound is also very long. In the case of an electric guitar, the sound pickup and the body material affect the timbre of the output. In addition, the timbre of the lyre produced by the same place and the same grade and the same wood matching under the manufacturing process of different brands is different. The tone of the plucked musical instrument becomes an aggregate due to various influencing factors, and the plucked musical instrument also contains more contents, such as response to playing, response speed, duration of sustain, tone of overtone, strength and texture of basic tone of each note, and the like.
Because the plucked musical instruments with different timbres are different in suitable playing styles and music types, players often need to replace different musical instruments to meet different playing requirements when playing different music. In order to solve the problem, a method for performing digital sound effect processing on output sound of a plucked instrument through externally connected sound effect processing equipment is adopted at present, so that the purpose of changing the inherent tone of the musical instrument is achieved. These techniques typically mathematically model certain components of the plucked instrument and then simulate certain desired characteristics according to the customer's requirements. For example, the existing technical scheme simulates the heights of the pickup of the electric guitar and the distance between the strings and the pickup. In practice, however, since the vibration characteristics of strings of an individual plucked instrument are determined by the combination of components, the method of modeling a single component cannot completely simulate all the components affecting the timbre of the instrument, and thus the simulation effect is not complete.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a sound color simulation method, system, device and computer equipment for a plucked musical instrument, which can comprehensively simulate the sound color of the plucked musical instrument.
A timbre simulation method of a plucked instrument, the method comprising:
and respectively acquiring nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument, and obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized instrument and the target instrument.
And acquiring the linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, and acquiring a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristic.
And acquiring a synthetic playing signal generated by the synthetic playing musical instrument, and sequentially inputting the synthetic playing signal into the nonlinear frequency response difference model and the linear frequency response model to obtain a target playing signal for simulating the timbre of the target playing musical instrument.
In one embodiment, the step of obtaining nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument respectively, and obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the composite instrument and the target instrument includes:
and respectively acquiring the pulse signal response characteristics of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument. The impulse signal response characteristics include: a linear impulse response characteristic component and a higher order impulse response characteristic component.
And obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to the difference of corresponding components in the pulse signal response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument.
In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the impulse signal response characteristics of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument respectively comprises:
and generating an exponential sine frequency sweeping signal according to a preset frequency range.
And acquiring an output signal of the synthetic plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument responding to the exponential sine frequency sweep signal.
And obtaining a time reversal signal corresponding to the exponential sine frequency sweeping signal.
And convolving the output signal of the synthesized plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument with the corresponding time reverse signal to obtain the impulse response characteristic of the synthesized plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument.
In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument and obtaining the linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristic includes:
and acquiring a string vibration signal generated by the playing target plucked instrument and a corresponding target playing signal.
And inputting the string vibration signal into a preset adaptive filter by utilizing the system distinguishing function of the adaptive filter, and training the adaptive filter according to the target playing signal.
And when the adaptive filter converges, obtaining a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the converged adaptive filter.
In one embodiment, before the step of obtaining the nonlinear frequency response difference models of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to the corresponding harmonic response features in the nonlinear frequency response features of the composite musical instrument and the target musical instrument, the method further includes:
and collecting the sound signals generated by playing the composite plucked instrument, and converting the sound signals into electric signals to obtain the composite playing signals generated by the composite plucked instrument.
A timbre simulation system for a plucked instrument, the system comprising:
and the tone simulation equipment is used for receiving the synthesized playing signal generated by the synthesized plucked musical instrument, processing the synthesized playing signal by using a preset tone simulation unit and outputting a target playing signal simulating the tone of the target plucked musical instrument.
The timbre simulation unit comprises a nonlinear frequency response difference model and a linear frequency response model which are connected in sequence. The nonlinear frequency response difference model is: respectively obtaining nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument, and obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized instrument and the target instrument. The linear frequency response model is: and acquiring the linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, and acquiring a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristic.
In one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a composite plucked instrument audio acquisition device, configured to acquire a sound signal generated by playing the composite plucked instrument, convert the sound signal into an electrical signal, obtain a composite plucked signal generated by the composite plucked instrument, and output the composite plucked signal to the tone simulation device.
And the target plucked instrument audio output equipment is used for converting the target playing signal into an audio signal and outputting the audio signal.
A timbre simulation apparatus for a plucked instrument, the apparatus comprising:
and the nonlinear frequency response difference model building module is used for respectively obtaining nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument and obtaining the nonlinear frequency response difference models of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized instrument and the target instrument.
And the target plucked instrument linear frequency response model building module is used for obtaining the linear frequency response characteristics of the target plucked instrument and obtaining the linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristics.
And the target plucked instrument tone simulation module is used for acquiring a synthetic playing signal generated by the synthetic plucked instrument, and inputting the synthetic playing signal into the nonlinear frequency response difference model and the linear frequency response model in sequence to obtain a target playing signal for simulating the tone of the target plucked instrument.
A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
and respectively acquiring nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument, and obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized instrument and the target instrument.
And acquiring the linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, and acquiring a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristic.
And acquiring a synthetic playing signal generated by the synthetic playing musical instrument, and sequentially inputting the synthetic playing signal into the nonlinear frequency response difference model and the linear frequency response model to obtain a target playing signal for simulating the timbre of the target playing musical instrument.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of:
and respectively acquiring nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument, and obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized instrument and the target instrument.
And acquiring the linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, and acquiring a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristic.
And acquiring a synthetic playing signal generated by the synthetic playing musical instrument, and sequentially inputting the synthetic playing signal into the nonlinear frequency response difference model and the linear frequency response model to obtain a target playing signal for simulating the timbre of the target playing musical instrument.
According to the tone simulation method, system, device, computer equipment and storage medium for the plucked musical instrument, the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked musical instrument and the target plucked musical instrument are respectively obtained, and the nonlinear frequency response difference model is obtained according to the corresponding harmonic response characteristics. And obtaining a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristics of the target plucked instrument. And inputting the synthesized playing signals generated by the synthesized plucked musical instrument into the established nonlinear frequency response difference model and the linear frequency response model in sequence, and outputting target playing signals simulating the timbre of the target plucked musical instrument. The method comprises the steps of respectively considering a synthetic plucked instrument input in a tone simulation process and a target plucked instrument as a simulation object as a whole, and modeling the difference between nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthetic plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument. The signal generated by the synthesized plucked instrument is converted by the nonlinear frequency response difference model to obtain a signal which accords with the nonlinear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, and then the signal is input into the linear frequency response model corresponding to the target plucked instrument, so that the output signal for simulating the timbre of the target plucked instrument can be obtained. This application can be intact simulation plucks the individual comprehensive influence of each part to the vibration characteristic of string of musical instrument, can obtain better tone quality simulation effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a method for simulating the timbre of a plucked instrument;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of obtaining an impulse response signature in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an impulse signal response characteristic in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a MISO nonlinear model used to model the difference in nonlinear frequency responses in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a nonlinear frequency response difference model used in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the use of an adaptive filter to obtain a linear frequency response model of a target plucked instrument in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a tone simulation system of a plucked instrument according to an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an internal structure of a computer device according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided a timbre simulation method of a plucked musical instrument, including the steps of:
and 102, respectively acquiring nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument, and obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized instrument and the target instrument.
The composite plucked instrument is a plucked instrument that a player can actually obtain, and the target plucked instrument is a plucked instrument that the player needs to simulate when playing a specific piece of music. Under the combined action of the various components, the response of the instrument to string vibrations is nonlinear, i.e., the nonlinear frequency response characteristic of the instrument. The nonlinear frequency response characteristics comprise fundamental wave response characteristics and harmonic wave response characteristics of string vibration. Step 102 obtains nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument, and establishes a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to the difference of corresponding harmonic response characteristics (namely, harmonic orders are the same) of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument.
The manner of acquiring the nonlinear frequency response characteristic may be to read or recall the nonlinear frequency response characteristic data of the musical instrument obtained by simulation, measurement, and the like before.
And 104, acquiring the linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, and acquiring a frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristic.
Similarly, the linear frequency response characteristic data of the target plucked instrument, which is obtained by simulation, measurement, and the like before, may be read or recalled.
And 106, acquiring a synthetic playing signal generated by the synthetic plucked instrument, and sequentially inputting the synthetic playing signal into the nonlinear frequency response difference model and the linear frequency response model to obtain a target playing signal for simulating the timbre of the target plucked instrument.
Specifically, the nonlinear frequency response difference model reflects the difference between the nonlinear frequency responses of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument, and the linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument comprehensively reflects the overall linear frequency response characteristics of the target plucked instrument. After the synthetic playing signal generated by the synthetic plucked instrument is input into the nonlinear frequency response difference model, the characteristic tone of the synthetic plucked instrument is actually stripped, then the characteristic tone of the target plucked instrument is synthesized to obtain a signal which accords with the nonlinear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, and then the signal is input into the linear frequency response model corresponding to the target plucked instrument, so that the output signal which simulates the tone of the target plucked instrument can be obtained.
The tone simulation method of the plucked instrument can completely simulate the comprehensive influence of each component in the plucked instrument on the vibration characteristics of strings, and can obtain better tone simulation effect.
In one embodiment, the step of obtaining nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument respectively, and obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the composite instrument and the target instrument includes:
and generating an exponential sine frequency sweep signal according to a preset frequency range, and acquiring an output signal of the synthetic plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument responding to the exponential sine frequency sweep signal.
And obtaining a time reverse signal corresponding to the exponential sine frequency sweep signal, and convolving the output signal of the synthesized plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument with the corresponding time reverse signal to obtain the impulse response characteristic of the synthesized plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument. The impulse signal response characteristics include: a linear impulse response characteristic component and a higher order impulse response characteristic component.
And obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to the difference of corresponding components in the pulse signal response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument.
The impulse response is an output signal obtained by inputting a unit of impulse signal to a certain system, and reflects the basic response characteristics of the system. Therefore, if an impulse signal is input into the corresponding nonlinear response system of the plucked instrument, a group of time-shifted high-order impulse responses separated from each other in time is output, and the linear and nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the instrument are reflected. In the embodiment, the impulse response characteristics of the synthetic plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument are respectively obtained, and a nonlinear frequency response difference model reflecting the impulse signal response characteristic difference between the synthetic plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument is obtained according to the difference between the two.
Specifically, the flow of acquiring the impulse response characteristic is shown in fig. 2. Exponential sine frequency sweep signal xs(t) is:
wherein f is1And f1Respectively, the start frequency and the cut-off frequency of the signal, and T is the signal period.
X is to bes(t) inputting the resultant plucked instrument or the nonlinear system corresponding to the target plucked instrument to obtain an output signal ys(t) of (d). X is to bes(t) input of inverse filter on timePerforming amplitude modulation in reverse direction to obtain output signal
And is
And xs(t) the result of the convolution is a dirac
A function.
Will be provided with
And a non-linear output signal ys(t) convolution may result in a corresponding impulse response characteristic, expressed as:
wherein h isi() For the characteristic component of the i-order impulse response, Δ tiThe time delay between the 1 st order pulse response to the i th order pulse response. As shown in fig. 3, the impulse signal response characteristic corresponding to the composite plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument is composed of a group of time-shifted high-order impulse responses, the order impulse responses are separable from each other, and the order impulse responses represent corresponding frequency response characteristics.
The impulse response h can be obtained by Fourier transformationi() Corresponding frequency response function Hi(f)：
Hi(f)＝FT[hi(t)]
Wherein H1(f) The linear impulse response characteristic component of the composite plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument represents the frequency response characteristic of the linear part of the composite plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument; h when i > 1i(f) Is a higher order impulse response characteristic component, representing its frequency response characteristic at the i-th harmonic frequency. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain a composite plucked instrument and a target plucked instrument based on the difference between nonlinear frequency response components (including harmonic frequencies of respective orders) of impulse signal response characteristics of the plucked instrumentsAmplitude and phase of frequency response characteristics of the frequencies) to obtain a nonlinear frequency response difference model.
Further, a nonlinear difference response characteristic H between the obtained impulse signal response characteristics of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrumentdiffThen, a nonlinear frequency response difference model can be obtained according to the following method:
establishing a differential response signature H using a MISO nonlinear modeldiffA corresponding non-linear frequency response difference model. As shown in FIG. 4, the model includes N parallel input branches, and the input signal x (t) of each branch is first passed through a corresponding nonlinear mapping function gnThen passes through a linear filter An(f) Output ynAnd summed into an output signal y (t).
Linear filter An(f) Conversion to impulse response a in time domainn(t), the output signal y (t) of the model can be expressed as:
fourier transform of y (t) to obtain An(f) The system of linear equations of:
wherein Hi(f) Is the difference response characteristic H between the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrumentdiff，Cn,iAs a function gn[x(t)]Res (f) is a residual error.
Cn,iExpressed as:
where M is the length of the input signal.
A can be found using an optimization algorithm (e.g., least squares)n(f) While keeping residual res (f) to a minimum.
Nonlinear function g in the present embodimentn[x(t)]A power series is chosen, namely:
gn[x(t)]＝xn(t)
the resulting differential response characteristic model is shown in fig. 5.
The present embodiment provides a specific implementation of constructing a nonlinear frequency response difference model of a composite plucked instrument and a target plucked instrument. And obtaining the difference of the frequency response characteristics of the i-order harmonic frequency corresponding to the linear impulse response characteristic component and the high-order impulse response characteristic component of the synthesized plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument, thereby obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model capable of reflecting the nonlinear frequency response difference of the two.
In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument and obtaining the linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristic includes:
and acquiring a string vibration signal generated by the playing target plucked instrument and a corresponding target playing signal.
And inputting the string vibration signal into a preset adaptive filter by utilizing the system distinguishing function of the adaptive filter, and training the adaptive filter according to the target playing signal.
And when the adaptive filter converges, obtaining a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the converged adaptive filter.
Specifically, the present embodiment utilizes the system discrimination function of the adaptive filter, whose input signal u is the string vibration signal generated by playing the target plucked instrument, to obtain the overall linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument in the manner as shown in fig. 6. And calculating an error e between the output signal y of the adaptive filter and the output target playing signal d of the target plucked instrument, controlling a group of adjustable filter coefficients of the adaptive filter according to the error e, and repeating the iteration process until the error e is within a preset convergence value. In this case, since the converged adaptive filter is considered to match the frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, the converged adaptive filter can be used as a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument.
The frequency response model of the target plucked instrument is obtained by utilizing the system distinguishing function of the self-adaptive filter, and the method has the characteristic of convenience and rapidness in realization.
In one embodiment, before the step of obtaining a composite playing signal generated by the composite plucked instrument, and sequentially inputting the composite playing signal into the difference response characteristic model and the frequency response model of the target plucked instrument to obtain a target playing signal simulating the tone of the target plucked instrument, the method further includes:
and collecting the sound signals generated by playing the composite plucked instrument, and converting the sound signals into electric signals to obtain the composite playing signals generated by the composite plucked instrument.
The present embodiment collects the sound signals output when the composite plucked instrument is played and converts them into electrical signals for subsequent digital audio signal processing.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of fig. 1 are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in fig. 1 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performance of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, there is provided a tone color simulation system of a plucked musical instrument, the system comprising:
and the tone simulation equipment is used for receiving the synthesized playing signal generated by the synthesized plucked musical instrument, processing the synthesized playing signal by using a preset tone simulation unit and outputting a target playing signal simulating the tone of the target plucked musical instrument.
The timbre simulation unit comprises a nonlinear frequency response difference model and a linear frequency response model which are connected in sequence. The nonlinear frequency response difference model is: respectively obtaining nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument, and obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized instrument and the target instrument. The linear frequency response model is: and acquiring the linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, and acquiring a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristic.
In one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a composite plucked instrument audio acquisition device, configured to acquire a sound signal generated by playing the composite plucked instrument, convert the sound signal into an electrical signal, obtain a composite plucked signal generated by the composite plucked instrument, and output the composite plucked signal to the tone simulation device.
And the target plucked instrument audio output equipment is used for converting the target playing signal into an audio signal and outputting the audio signal.
The implementation manner of the tone simulation system for plucked musical instruments provided by the present application may be, but is not limited to, devices that can provide required signal processing computing power, such as various server clusters, servers, personal computers, notebook computers, smart phones, tablet computers, and portable wearable devices.
In one embodiment, there is provided a timbre simulation apparatus of a plucked musical instrument, including:
and the nonlinear frequency response difference model building module is used for respectively obtaining nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument and obtaining the nonlinear frequency response difference models of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized instrument and the target instrument.
And the target plucked instrument linear frequency response model building module is used for obtaining the linear frequency response characteristics of the target plucked instrument and obtaining the linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristics.
And the target plucked instrument tone simulation module is used for acquiring a synthetic playing signal generated by the synthetic plucked instrument, and inputting the synthetic playing signal into the nonlinear frequency response difference model and the linear frequency response model in sequence to obtain a target playing signal for simulating the tone of the target plucked instrument.
In one embodiment, the nonlinear frequency response difference model building module is configured to obtain impulse signal response characteristics of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument respectively. The impulse signal response characteristics include: a linear impulse response characteristic component and a higher order impulse response characteristic component. And obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to the difference of corresponding components in the pulse signal response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument.
In one embodiment, the nonlinear frequency response difference model building module is configured to generate an exponential sinusoidal frequency sweep signal according to a preset frequency range. And acquiring an output signal of the response index sine frequency sweep signal of the synthetic plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument. And obtaining a time reversal signal corresponding to the exponential sine frequency sweeping signal. And convolving the output signal of the synthesized plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument with the corresponding time reverse signal to obtain the impulse response characteristic of the synthesized plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument.
In one embodiment, the target plucked instrument frequency response model building module is configured to obtain a string vibration signal and a corresponding target plucking signal generated by the target plucked instrument. And inputting the string vibration signal into a preset adaptive filter by utilizing the system distinguishing function of the adaptive filter, and training the adaptive filter according to the target playing signal. And when the adaptive filter converges, obtaining a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the converged adaptive filter.
In one embodiment, the apparatus further includes a composite playing signal collecting module, configured to collect a sound signal generated by playing the composite plucked instrument, and convert the sound signal into an electrical signal to obtain a composite playing signal generated by the composite plucked instrument.
The specific definition of the timbre simulation system and device of the plucked instrument can be referred to the above definition of the timbre simulation method of the plucked instrument, and will not be described herein again. The various modules in the timbre simulation system and device of the plucked musical instrument can be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware and a combination thereof. The modules can be embedded in a hardware form or independent from a processor in the computer device, and can also be stored in a memory in the computer device in a software form, so that the processor can call and execute operations corresponding to the modules.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in fig. 8. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, a display screen, and an input device connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device comprises a nonvolatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of an operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement a timbre simulation method for a plucked instrument. The display screen of the computer equipment can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer equipment can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, a key, a track ball or a touch pad arranged on the shell of the computer equipment, an external keyboard, a touch pad or a mouse and the like.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture shown in fig. 8 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the disclosed aspects and is not intended to limit the computing devices to which the disclosed aspects apply, as particular computing devices may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, there is provided a computer device comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor implementing the following steps when the processor executes the computer program:
and respectively acquiring nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument, and obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized instrument and the target instrument. And acquiring the linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, and acquiring a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristic.
And acquiring a synthetic playing signal generated by the synthetic playing musical instrument, and sequentially inputting the synthetic playing signal into the nonlinear frequency response difference model and the linear frequency response model to obtain a target playing signal for simulating the timbre of the target playing musical instrument.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of: and respectively acquiring the pulse signal response characteristics of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument. The impulse signal response characteristics include: a linear impulse response characteristic component and a higher order impulse response characteristic component. And obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to the difference of corresponding components in the pulse signal response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of: and generating an exponential sine frequency sweeping signal according to a preset frequency range. And acquiring an output signal of the response index sine frequency sweep signal of the synthetic plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument. And obtaining a time reversal signal corresponding to the exponential sine frequency sweeping signal. And convolving the output signal of the synthesized plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument with the corresponding time reverse signal to obtain the impulse response characteristic of the synthesized plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of: and acquiring a string vibration signal generated by the playing target plucked instrument and a corresponding target playing signal. And inputting the string vibration signal into a preset adaptive filter by utilizing the system distinguishing function of the adaptive filter, and training the adaptive filter according to the target playing signal. And when the adaptive filter converges, obtaining a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the converged adaptive filter.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of: and collecting the sound signals generated by playing the composite plucked instrument, and converting the sound signals into electric signals to obtain the composite playing signals generated by the composite plucked instrument.
In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of:
and respectively acquiring nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument, and obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized instrument and the target instrument. And acquiring the linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, and acquiring a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristic.
And acquiring a synthetic playing signal generated by the synthetic playing musical instrument, and sequentially inputting the synthetic playing signal into the nonlinear frequency response difference model and the linear frequency response model to obtain a target playing signal for simulating the timbre of the target playing musical instrument.
In one embodiment, the computer program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of: and respectively acquiring the pulse signal response characteristics of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument. The impulse signal response characteristics include: a linear impulse response characteristic component and a higher order impulse response characteristic component. And obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to the difference of corresponding components in the pulse signal response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument.
In one embodiment, the computer program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of: and generating an exponential sine frequency sweeping signal according to a preset frequency range. And acquiring an output signal of the response index sine frequency sweep signal of the synthetic plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument. And obtaining a time reversal signal corresponding to the exponential sine frequency sweeping signal. And convolving the output signal of the synthesized plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument with the corresponding time reverse signal to obtain the impulse response characteristic of the synthesized plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument.
In one embodiment, the computer program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of: and acquiring a string vibration signal generated by the playing target plucked instrument and a corresponding target playing signal. And inputting the string vibration signal into a preset adaptive filter by utilizing the system distinguishing function of the adaptive filter, and training the adaptive filter according to the target playing signal. And when the adaptive filter converges, obtaining a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the converged adaptive filter.
In one embodiment, the computer program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of: and collecting the sound signals generated by playing the composite plucked instrument, and converting the sound signals into electric signals to obtain the composite playing signals generated by the composite plucked instrument.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A timbre simulation method for a plucked musical instrument, the method comprising:
respectively obtaining nonlinear frequency response characteristics of a synthesized plucked instrument and a target plucked instrument, and obtaining nonlinear frequency response difference models of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized instrument and the target instrument;
acquiring the linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, and acquiring a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristic;
and acquiring a synthetic playing signal generated by the synthetic plucked instrument, and sequentially inputting the synthetic playing signal into the nonlinear frequency response difference model and the linear frequency response model to obtain a target playing signal simulating the tone of the target plucked instrument.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument respectively, and obtaining nonlinear frequency response difference models of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the composite instrument and the target instrument comprises:
respectively acquiring impulse signal response characteristics of the synthetic plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument; the impulse signal response characteristics include: a linear impulse response characteristic component and a higher order impulse response characteristic component;
and obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to the difference of corresponding components in the pulse signal response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of separately obtaining impulse signal response characteristics of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument comprises:
generating an exponential sine frequency sweeping signal according to a preset frequency range;
acquiring an output signal of the synthetic plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument responding to the exponential sine frequency sweep signal;
obtaining a time reversal signal corresponding to the exponential sine frequency sweeping signal;
and convolving the output signal of the synthesized plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument with the corresponding time reverse signal to obtain the impulse response characteristic of the synthesized plucked instrument or the target plucked instrument.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining a linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, and wherein obtaining a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument from the linear frequency response characteristic comprises:
acquiring a string vibration signal generated by playing the target plucked instrument and a corresponding target playing signal;
inputting the string vibration signal into a preset adaptive filter by utilizing a system distinguishing function of the adaptive filter, and training the adaptive filter according to the target playing signal;
and when the adaptive filter converges, obtaining a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the converged adaptive filter.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein before the step of obtaining the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument respectively, and obtaining the nonlinear frequency response difference models of the composite plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the composite instrument and the target instrument, the method further comprises:
collecting sound signals generated by playing the composite plucked instrument, converting the sound signals into electric signals, and obtaining the composite plucked signal generated by the composite plucked instrument.
6. A timbre simulation system for a plucked instrument, the system comprising:
the tone simulation device is used for receiving the synthesized playing signal generated by the synthesized plucked musical instrument, processing the synthesized playing signal by using a preset tone simulation unit and outputting a target playing signal simulating the tone of the target plucked musical instrument;
the tone simulation unit comprises a nonlinear frequency response difference model and a linear frequency response model which are sequentially connected, wherein the nonlinear frequency response difference model is as follows: respectively obtaining nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument, and obtaining a nonlinear frequency response difference model of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized instrument and the target instrument, wherein the linear frequency response model is as follows: and acquiring the linear frequency response characteristic of the target plucked instrument, and acquiring a linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristic.
7. The system of claim 6, further comprising:
the audio acquisition equipment of the synthetic plucked instrument is used for acquiring sound signals generated by the synthetic plucked instrument, converting the sound signals into electric signals to obtain synthetic plucked signals generated by the synthetic plucked instrument, and outputting the synthetic plucked signals to the tone simulation equipment;
and the target plucked instrument audio output equipment is used for converting the target playing signal into an audio signal and outputting the audio signal.
8. A timbre simulation apparatus for a plucked musical instrument, the apparatus comprising:
the nonlinear frequency response difference model building module is used for respectively obtaining nonlinear frequency response characteristics of a synthesized plucked instrument and a target plucked instrument and obtaining nonlinear frequency response difference models of the synthesized plucked instrument and the target plucked instrument according to corresponding harmonic response characteristics in the nonlinear frequency response characteristics of the synthesized instrument and the target instrument;
the target plucked instrument linear frequency response model building module is used for obtaining the linear frequency response characteristics of the target plucked instrument and obtaining the linear frequency response model of the target plucked instrument according to the linear frequency response characteristics;
and the target plucked instrument tone simulation module is used for acquiring a synthetic playing signal generated by the synthetic plucked instrument, and sequentially inputting the synthetic playing signal into the nonlinear frequency response difference model and the linear frequency response model to obtain a target playing signal simulating the tone of the target plucked instrument. .
9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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