CN112149914A - Method for optimizing and configuring power market resources under multi-constraint condition - Google Patents
Method for optimizing and configuring power market resources under multi-constraint condition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for optimizing and configuring power market resources under multiple constraint conditions, which comprises the following steps: building an electric power market transaction decision framework, and designing an inter-regional electric power transaction mechanism and a layered clearing rule; the method is characterized in that social welfare maximization and market electric quantity transaction scale maximization considering a renewable energy quota system are taken as clearing targets, multiple constraint conditions such as power grid safety constraint, new energy power generation constraint, heat supply unit operation constraint, inter-region tie line transmission capacity constraint and green power certificate transaction constraint are considered, a complex power market resource optimization configuration model is constructed by combining a unified marginal layering clearing mode, settlement of power transmission and distribution cost, clearing price and surplus of a power generation/purchase side is achieved, and power market resources are optimally configured. According to the invention, a better economic trading mode is provided for the market on the premise of ensuring the safety of the power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power resources, in particular to a method for optimizing and configuring power market resources under multiple constraint conditions.
Background
The electric power market is introduced into a market mechanism in the electric power industry, electric power enterprises are promoted to improve production efficiency through competition, production cost is reduced, users are guided to reasonably use electricity, healthy and efficient development of the electric power industry is finally realized, and the resource-saving and environment-friendly social construction of China is promoted. The electric power market is a platform for trading electric power and electric quantity and assisting service trading by depending on a power grid, safe, economic, high-quality and efficient electric power supply is the final target of the electric power market, and public, fair and fair are the most important means for achieving the target. Therefore, the operation of the electric power market requires establishing a flow management system among multi-stage trading institutions and also establishing a flow management system inside a trading center; the economy of electric power transaction is pursued according to market rules, the characteristics of a power grid are fully considered, and the safe operation of the power grid is fully considered in transaction optimization; not only needs to provide complete technical support for the whole process of the electric power transaction, but also needs to fully analyze the risk and benefit of the transaction, realizes risk pre-control of the electric power transaction, and simulates various possible development trends of the market; the management and analysis of the electric power flow are needed, and the analysis and evaluation of the capital flow direction in the market operation are also needed, so that the resource management and control of the electric power transaction are realized.
However, the existing electric power market operation system architecture also lacks systematic technical support for a multi-period market, lacks comprehensive analysis of power grid safety in electric power transaction, lacks forward auxiliary decision analysis of electric power transaction, lacks analog simulation of electric power market, lacks visual display of electric power flow and electric power transaction fund flow, and lacks full-process standardized management of market members.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for optimizing and configuring power market resources under multiple constraint conditions, which comprises the following steps:
step one, building an electric power market trading decision framework, and designing an inter-regional electric power trading mechanism and a layered clearing rule;
and step two, taking the social welfare maximization and the market electric quantity transaction scale maximization which are considered in a renewable energy quota system as clearing targets, and taking multiple constraint conditions such as power grid safety constraint, new energy power generation constraint, heat supply unit operation constraint, inter-region tie line transmission capacity constraint, green power certificate transaction constraint and the like into consideration, and combining a unified marginal layering clearing mode to construct a complex power market resource optimization configuration model, so that settlement of power transmission and distribution cost, clearing power price and power generation/purchase side surplus is realized, and power market resources are optimally configured.
Furthermore, the established electric power market trading decision framework is divided into two layers, namely a regional market electric power trading center and an electric power trading center; a plurality of regional power grids are interconnected through power interconnection lines, and the whole interconnected market is subjected to unified transaction management and operation coordination by a power transaction center;
the regional power trading center decides the power purchase amount of each type of power generation enterprise in the region and the power trading amount of other regions through a connecting line; the electric power trading center clears the trading electric power of the interconnection lines among all the regions.
Further, the expression of maximizing social welfare is as follows:
wherein e represents different regions of the power market divided according to different administrative regions, power generation resources and policy enforcement, and NeRepresenting the total number of divided regions;
the social welfare in the e area is expressed by the following mathematical expressions:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the total cost of the electricity purchasing side in the area e is calculated;
the total cost of the power generation side of the e area;
and checking penalty cost for green certificate transaction expense and consumption responsibility respectively.
The mathematical expression of each expense and cost by taking the e region as an example is as follows:
wherein, subscript i is a system node, and T and T are a scheduling time period and a time index respectively; Δ t is a unit time period; d is the number of the power purchasing enterprise;
representing a power purchase enterprise node;
and
respectively representing a conventional unit, a heat supply unit, a hydraulic power, wind power and photovoltaic power generation enterprise and an intra-provincial tie line node set in the e area;
and
the method comprises the steps of representing the power purchased by conventional units, heat supply units, hydraulic power, wind power and photovoltaic power generation enterprises;
and
the power purchasing and selling of the provincial interconnection line is represented;
and
representing the power selling quotations of conventional units, heat supply units, hydraulic power enterprises, wind power enterprises and photovoltaic power generation enterprises; lambda [ alpha ]i IpThe price of buying and selling electricity in province is shown; lambda [ alpha ]t GrTrading market prices for the green certificates at each time interval;
participating in green certificate trading volume for each region in each time period; lambda [ alpha ]PunPenalty (yuan/MWh) corresponding to unit consumption electric energy shortage;
a minimum achievable renewable energy quota for the area;ea practically completed quota of renewable energy for the area.
Further, the market electricity trading scale is maximized as shown in the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
indicating the bid amount of the electricity purchasing enterprise d in the area e;
representing the price quoted by the electricity purchasing enterprise.
Further, the complex constraint conditions of the power market resource optimization configuration model are as follows:
power grid safety constraints
3) Node power balance constraints
4) Available transmission capacity constraint of line based on direct current power flow
-Pl max≤Pl≤Pl max
Wherein G isl,iRepresenting a node power transfer factor; pl maxRepresenting the upper limit of the active power flow of the line l;
new energy power generation constraint
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and
representing wind power and photovoltaic predicted output;
heat supply unit operation restraint
Wherein Hi,tThe heat production power of the power generation enterprise of the back pressure type heat supply unit is obtained; hi minAnd Hi maxRespectively the minimum/maximum heat production power of the power generation enterprise; a isi＝0.8、biThe parameters are 0 and are linear conversion relation coefficients of electric energy and heat energy of the heat supply unit respectively;
upper/lower limit constraint of electricity sale of thermal power and hydroelectric power generation enterprises
Wherein, Pi G,maxAnd Pi G,minThe upper and lower limits of the power sold by conventional thermal power generation enterprises; pi Hyd,minAnd Pi Hyd,maxThe upper and lower limits of the power sold for thermal power enterprises;
inter-zone tie transmission capacity constraints
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the power constraint of purchasing and selling electricity of the intra-provincial junctor;
and
is a variable from 0 to 1;
1 represents purchasing electricity;
interval tie power balance constraints
The formula shows that the power of the junctor arranged in two areas connected with the junctor is consistent;
wherein-e represents a region other than e, and-e ∈ Ne；
Indicating that the e region purchases electric power from the-e region,
indicating that the area e purchases electric power from the area e, wherein the value of the electric power is positive for electricity purchasing and negative for electricity selling;
a global variable that is the tie-line electrical power; global variables in the present invention refer to variables used in two or more regions, while local variables refer to variables used in only a single region;
green power certificate transaction constraints
Further, the settlement of the power transmission and distribution cost, the price of the clear power and the surplus of the power distribution/purchase side comprises the following steps:
settlement of power transmission and distribution fees
Wherein, Fe TDThe power transmission and distribution cost of the e area;
representing the transmission and distribution price of the intra-provincial connecting line; lambda [ alpha ]e TDThe power transmission and distribution price of the intra-provincial power transmission line is represented;
clearing and clearing electricity price settlement of power transmission and distribution expenses
The unified marginal clearing price mechanism is a mode that the electric power trading center carries out centralized trading by taking the final bid enterprise quoted price as a unified market clearing price according to the bid price and the electric quantity reported by the power generation enterprises and the power purchase enterprises; the mathematical expression of the unified marginal liquidity price is as follows:
wherein subscript e represents the three regions of the provincial power market A, B, C;
and
quoted prices of power generation enterprises and power purchase enterprises are respectively; lambda [ alpha ]CShowing the price of the clear electricity on the market;
surplus settlement at electricity distribution/purchase side
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
surplus is respectively generated at the power generation side and the power purchase side.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, a plurality of regional power grids are interconnected through the power interconnection lines, the unified transaction management and operation coordination are carried out by the provincial power transaction center in the whole interconnected market, and a better economic transaction mode is provided for the market on the premise of ensuring the safety of the power grids.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for optimal allocation of power market resources under multiple constraints;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a complex provincial electric power market trading framework;
fig. 3 is an IEEE39 node system;
FIG. 4 is a graph of load prediction in a typical daily scenario for the A, B, C region;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the predicted power generation power of new energy power generation enterprises in various regions;
fig. 6 is a comparison graph of marketable trading power levels in various regions of the month with or without power generation right trading.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention is based on the multiple complexities of the provincial power market trading model,
and (3) building a provincial power market trading decision framework, and designing an intra-provincial and inter-regional power trading mechanism and a layered clearing rule.
With the clearing targets of the maximization of the welfare of the provincial society and the maximization of the trade scale of the provincial market electric quantity in consideration of the renewable energy quota system,
considering the multi-constraint conditions such as power grid safety constraint, new energy power generation constraint, heat supply unit operation constraint, inter-zone tie line transmission capacity constraint, green power certificate transaction constraint and the like,
and a complex provincial power market resource optimization configuration model is constructed by combining a unified marginal layering clearing mode, and settlement of power transmission and distribution cost, clearing power price and surplus of power generation/purchase side is realized.
Meanwhile, aiming at the structural characteristics of areas with high conventional thermal power occupation ratio, high heat supply unit occupation ratio and high new energy installation occupation ratio, power generation right trading varieties are introduced to expand market trading scale, and modeling analysis is carried out aiming at the constraint of power generation right trading optimization decision. The actual data of Jingjin Tang is taken as an example to verify that the model constructed by the method can promote the large-scale optimization configuration of the resources in the whole province, so that the optimization scheme is more reasonable, the economy of the system is the highest, and the method has practical significance.
And (3) considering the complexity of a multi-type main body bidding mechanism, a clearing mechanism and a settlement mechanism of the provincial power market, building a provincial power market trading decision framework, and designing a provincial inter-regional power trading mechanism and a unified marginal layering clearing rule. According to the invention, a renewable energy quota system and green power certificate transaction are introduced into a clearing target, so that the purposes of maximizing social welfare of the whole province and maximizing the electricity transaction scale of the whole province market are taken into consideration, and multiple constraint conditions such as power grid safety constraint, new energy power generation constraint, heat supply unit operation constraint, power selling upper/lower limit constraint of a power generation enterprise, inter-regional tie line transmission capacity and power balance constraint, green power certificate transaction constraint and the like are considered, a complex province-level power market resource optimization configuration model is constructed by combining a unified layered clearing mode, and the power transmission and distribution cost, the clearing price and the surplus of the power generation/purchase side are settled. Aiming at the structural characteristics of areas with high conventional thermal power occupation ratio, high heat supply installation occupation ratio and high new energy installation occupation ratio, power generation right trading varieties are introduced to expand market trading scale, and modeling analysis is carried out according to the constraint of power generation right trading optimization decision.
The method aims at maximizing the benefits of the provincial society and maximizing the electricity trading scale of the provincial market, and takes the power grid safety constraint, the new energy power generation constraint, the heat supply unit operation constraint, the power selling upper/lower limit constraint of power generation enterprises, the inter-regional tie line transmission capacity constraint and power balance, and the green power certificate trading constraint as constraint conditions, and comprises modeling of clear quotation and report of inter-regional trading, so that the large-scale optimal configuration of resources is realized.
A complex provincial electricity market trading framework is shown in figure 2. According to the invention, the power transmission and distribution capacity limit and the power transmission and distribution price difference among different regions are considered, and the established provincial electric power market trading frame is divided into two layers on the whole structure, namely a regional market and a provincial electric power trading center. According to the invention, a plurality of regional power grids are interconnected through the power interconnection lines, the unified transaction management and operation coordination are carried out by the provincial power transaction center in the whole interconnected market, and a better economic transaction mode is provided for the market on the premise of ensuring the safety of the power grids.
The regional power trading center represents a power utilization side and decides the power purchase amount of each type of power generation enterprises in the local region and the power trading amount of other regions in the province through a connecting line. The provincial electric power trading center clears the trading electric power of the regional connecting lines in the whole province.
The unified boundary layering clearing rule among various regions in the province is as follows:
TABLE 1 Uniform boundary layering rules for provincial regions
The invention designs two different clearing targets, including the maximization of the social welfare of the whole province and the maximization of the electric quantity trading scale of the whole province market.
(1) Social welfare maximization of whole province
Under the condition of ensuring the maximum consumption of clean energy and the lowest power generation cost of the whole province, the provincial electric power trading center considers the output error of a new energy unit, the transmission capacity constraint of a regional connecting line and the quotation constraint of a heat supply unit, and decides the buying and selling prices and the final trading electric quantity of each trading subject of the provincial electric power wholesale market.
Meanwhile, a renewable energy quota system is considered in the social welfare maximization clearing target of the whole province. The quota system is that each provincial administrative region in China has certain consumption responsibility weight on renewable energy power in power consumption. All market main bodies participating in the whole process need to be examined, the consumption proportion actually completed by all the main bodies is not lower than the consumption responsibility weight index formulated by the province, otherwise, certain punishment cost is paid; when the actual consumption specific gravity of each body is larger than the specified index, a certain compensation fee can be obtained. In order to complete the regulation of the consumption of renewable energy sources, all the main bodies can also participate in a green electric power certificate trading market (green certificate market for short), and the green electric power certificate trading market comprises a forced trading mechanism and a voluntary subscription mechanism, and has the functions of reducing wind abandon and alleviating patch pressure.
The social welfare clearing targets of the whole province constructed by the invention are as follows:
wherein e represents different areas of provincial power market divided according to different administrative areas, power generation resources and policy enforcement, and NeRepresenting the total number of regions divided.
The mathematical expression of social welfare taking e area as an example is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the total cost of the electricity purchasing side in the area e is calculated;
the total cost of the power generation side of the e area;
and checking penalty cost for green certificate transaction expense and consumption responsibility respectively.
The mathematical expression of each expense and cost by taking the e region as an example is as follows:
wherein, subscript i is a system node, and T and T are a scheduling time period and a time index respectively; Δ t is a unit time period; d is the number of the power purchasing enterprise;
representing a power purchase enterprise node;
and
respectively representing a conventional unit, a heat supply unit, a hydraulic power, wind power and photovoltaic power generation enterprise and an intra-provincial tie line node set in the e area;
and
the method comprises the steps of representing the power purchased by conventional units, heat supply units, hydraulic power, wind power and photovoltaic power generation enterprises;
and
the power purchasing and selling of the provincial interconnection line is represented; lambda [ alpha ]i G、λi H、λi Hyd、λi WindAnd λi PvRepresenting the power selling quotations of conventional units, heat supply units, hydraulic power enterprises, wind power enterprises and photovoltaic power generation enterprises; lambda [ alpha ]i IpThe price of buying and selling electricity in province is shown; lambda [ alpha ]t GrTrading market prices for the green certificates at each time interval;
participating in green certificate trading volume for each region in each time period; lambda [ alpha ]PunPenalty (yuan/MWh) corresponding to unit consumption electric energy shortage;
a minimum achievable renewable energy quota for the area;ea practically completed quota of renewable energy for the area.
(2) Full province market electricity trading scale maximization
In order to meet the development of the trading scale of some provincial electric power markets, the invention also considers the following clearing targets to promote the maximization of the transaction electric quantity, and the mathematical expression is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
indicating the bid amount of the electricity purchasing enterprise d in the area e;
representing the price quoted by the electricity purchasing enterprise.
The complex constraint conditions of the provincial power market resource optimization configuration model are as follows:
(8) power grid safety constraints
5) Node power balance constraints
6) Available transmission capacity constraint of line based on direct current power flow
-Pl max≤Pl≤Pl max
Wherein G isl,iRepresenting a node power transfer factor; pl maxRepresenting the upper limit of the active power flow of line i.
(9) New energy power generation constraint
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and
representing wind and photovoltaic predicted output.
(10) Heat supply unit operation restraint
Wherein Hi,tThe heat production power of the power generation enterprise of the back pressure type heat supply unit is obtained; hi minAnd Hi maxRespectively the minimum/maximum heat production power of the power generation enterprise; a isi＝0.8、biAnd the coefficients are respectively linear conversion relation coefficients of the electric energy and the heat energy of the heat supply unit as 0.
(11) Upper/lower limit constraint of electricity sale of thermal power and hydroelectric power generation enterprises
Wherein, Pi G,maxAnd Pi G,minThe upper and lower limits of the power sold by conventional thermal power generation enterprises; pi Hyd,minAnd Pi Hyd,maxThe upper and lower limits of the power sold for thermal power enterprises.
(12) Inter-zone tie transmission capacity constraints
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the power constraint of purchasing and selling electricity of the intra-provincial junctor;
and
is a variable from 0 to 1;
1 represents purchasing electricity;
a value of 1 indicates selling electricity.
(13) Inter-zone tie line power balance constraints
This expression indicates that the power of the tie line provided in the two areas to which the tie line is connected should be kept the same.
Wherein-e represents a region other than e, and-e ∈ Ne；
Indicating that the e region purchases electric power from the-e region,
indicating that the area e purchases electric power from the area e, wherein the value of the electric power is positive for electricity purchasing and negative for electricity selling;
is a global variable of the tie-line electrical power. Global variables in the present invention refer to variables used in two or more regions, and local variables refer to variables used in only a single region.
(14) Green power certificate transaction constraints
The part of introducing power generation right trading varieties to expand market trading scale is described below. The method takes the Jingjin Tang province-level electric power market as an example for analysis, and introduces power generation right trading varieties to expand marketization trading scale aiming at the structural characteristics of areas with high conventional thermal power ratio, high heat supply installed ratio and high new energy installed ratio. The power generation right transaction is generally carried out in the provincial power grid range in a bilateral transaction or centralized transaction mode, the power generation right transaction realizes certain self-scheduling among power generation enterprises, the balance of supply and demand of a complex provincial power market is maintained, the power generation of a thermal power generating unit with high coal consumption is reduced, and the problem of new energy consumption is effectively solved. After the power generation right transaction is introduced, the social welfare of each region increases the consideration of the power generation right transaction cost:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing a new energy power generation enterprise node set in the e area;
converting the new energy of the e area into the quotation of the conventional fire place of the e area after considering the network loss;
trading power generation right for conventional firepower in e region;
trading power for the power generation right granted by the new energy in the-e region.
Relevant constraint conditions are added to the provincial power market transaction optimization decision model as follows:
(8) power generation right trade constraint
1) Trade selling power constraint of power generation right of conventional unit
Wherein, Pi FR,maxAnd giving out the allowable power for the maximum power generation right of the conventional unit.
2) New energy enterprise power generation right transaction purchasing power constraint
Wherein, Pj NR,maxAnd giving power to the maximum power generation right of the new energy enterprise.
3) Power generation right trade power balance constraint
4) Power generation right trade price difference constraint
The clearing and settling section will be described below, focusing on settling the power transmission and distribution costs, the price of clear electricity, and the surplus of the electricity distribution/purchase side.
(1) Settlement of power transmission and distribution fees
Wherein, Fe TDThe power transmission and distribution cost of the e area;
representing the transmission and distribution price of the intra-provincial connecting line; lambda [ alpha ]e TDAnd the power transmission and distribution price of the power transmission line in province is shown.
(2) Clearing and clearing electricity price settlement of power transmission and distribution expenses
The unified marginal clearing price mechanism is a mode that the electric power trading center carries out centralized trading by taking the final bid enterprise quoted price as the clearing price of the unified market according to the bid price and the electric quantity reported by the power generation enterprises and the power purchase enterprises. The mathematical expression of the unified marginal liquidity price is as follows:
wherein subscript e represents the three regions of the provincial power market A, B, C;
and
quoted prices of power generation enterprises and power purchase enterprises are respectively; lambda [ alpha ]CShowing the price of the clear electricity on the market.
(3) Surplus settlement at electricity distribution/purchase side
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
surplus is respectively generated at the power generation side and the power purchase side.
The invention takes the structure and the actual data of the Jingjin Tang power grid as an example, and assumes that the planned electric quantity and the market electric quantity respectively account for 80 percent and 20 percent, and only the market electric quantity participates in provincial electric power market transaction. Therefore, the example performs simulation analysis on the provincial power market through the IEEE39 node system. The node system is divided into A, B, C areas according to the actual power supply structure and load level of Jingjin Tang, which respectively represent Beijing, Tianjin and Beijing areas. Wherein, the area A (Beijing) has the capacity occupation characteristic of high heat supply machine assembling machines, and the power load demand is higher than the total assembling capacity of the area; the area B has the characteristic of higher capacity ratio of the conventional thermal power generator assembling machine, the installed capacities of the heat supply unit and the new energy are lower, and the total installed capacity of the area can meet the requirement of the power load; the area C has the characteristic of high new energy installed capacity ratio, and the total installed capacity is far higher than the power load demand. Its IEEE39 node system and zoning scenarios are shown in fig. 3.
The detailed partitioning of the IEEE39 node system is described as follows: the area A comprises 8 power purchasing enterprise nodes including 3, 18, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 and 39, and comprises 30, 37, 38 and 39 power generating enterprise nodes; the area B comprises 5 power purchasing enterprise nodes including 31 and 32 power generation enterprise nodes, wherein the 5 power purchasing enterprise nodes comprise 4, 7, 8, 13 and 31; the C area comprises 6 power purchase enterprise nodes including 33, 34, 35 and 36 power generation enterprise nodes, wherein the 6 power purchase enterprise nodes comprise 15, 16, 20, 21, 23 and 44.
The load prediction data in the four typical day scenes of each region are shown in FIG. 4. The installed capacity of various power generation enterprises in each region is shown in table 2. The predicted generated power data of wind power generation enterprises and photovoltaic power generation enterprises in each region are shown in figure 5. The unit quotations of conventional thermal power generation enterprises, heat supply unit power generation enterprises, wind power generation enterprises, photovoltaic power generation enterprises and hydraulic power generation enterprises in all regions are shown in a table 3.
Suppose that the power transmission and distribution rate of the A area is 22.5 yuan/MWh, the power transmission and distribution rate of the B area is 27.5 yuan/MWh, the power transmission and distribution rate of the C area is 9.5 yuan/MWh, and the power transmission and distribution rate of the intra-provincial and inter-regional tie lines is 8 yuan/MWh. A. B, C the district renewable energy quota is 20% of the market load. A. B, C the transmission capacity of each line in the area is 2400 MW, 2000 MW and 3600 MW. A. B, C the interzone junctor transmission capacity is 1250, 1250MW respectively.
TABLE 2 installed Capacity/MW of regional power generation enterprises
TABLE 3 Power generation enterprises and power purchase side price (Yuan/MWh)
| Area A | Region B | Region C | |
| Side of purchasing electricity | 350/400/450/500 | 350/400/450/500 | 350/400/450/500 |
| Coal power | 350/360 | 350/360 | 340/350/360/370 |
| Wind power generation | 120 | 120 | 120/130/140/150 |
| Photovoltaic system | 150 | 150 | 150/160/170/180 |
| Water and electricity | 80/100 | / | 80/100 |
| Heat supply unit | 460/480/500/520 | 500 | / |
(1) Influence analysis of intra-provincial and inter-regional tie line transaction on clearing result
Firstly, comparison and analysis are mainly carried out on clearing optimization results of provincial power markets under different junctor transmission capacities, namely, areas with different resource characteristics carry out resource wide-range optimization configuration through junctors. In order to analyze the influence of inter-district tie line transaction on provincial-level power market resource optimization configuration more clearly, simulation results also give out transaction results under different tie line transmission capacity limits of each inter-district in province. In this section, the social welfare maximization was taken as a clear goal, and the total power consumption of the 30-day-month power market was used as a result of analysis by increasing and decreasing the transmission capacity of interconnection links in A, B, C three areas simultaneously, and the results are shown in the following table.
TABLE 4 provincial electric power market clearing results-1 under different junctor residual transmission capacities
TABLE 5 provincial electric power market clearing results under different junctor residual transmission capacities-2
As can be seen from the above simulation results, with the increase of the remaining transmission capacity of the tie line, power generation enterprises with lower prices can be traded, and market bodies in different regions are promoted to trade, so that the trading electric quantity of the tie line in the whole province is increased. However, when the remaining transmission capacity of the tie reaches 1250MW, the maximum range resource optimization configuration of the provincial power market is approximately reached, and increasing the remaining transmission capacity of the tie does not increase too much trading power of the tie. And because the trade electric quantity of the tie line is increased, the market load demand of the area A is higher than the local installed capacity, and the market load demand of the area A can be supplied by power generation enterprises of other areas, so that more low-price power generation enterprises are promoted to bid, and the trade scale of the electric quantity of the market of the whole province is gradually increased.
In addition, with the increase of the trade scale of the electric quantity of the provincial market, more market load demands of electricity purchasing enterprises on the electricity purchasing side can be bid for the first bid, more market generated energy of power generation enterprises on the power generation side can be bid for the second bid, the surplus of the electricity purchasing/generating sides can be increased, and the social surplus of the provincial society is increased. And because the load demand of the area A is higher than the installed capacity of the local market, the load demand of the area A electricity purchasing enterprises can be more paid and the surplus of the electricity purchasing side is increased along with the increase of the transmission residual capacity of the connecting line, so the surplus of the area A society is increased. As the transmission capacity of the connecting line is increased for the electricity purchasing enterprises in the B area, more electricity purchasing enterprises can purchase electricity for the electricity generating enterprises with lower price quoted in other areas, the electricity generating enterprises with high price quoted in the local area have less traffic electricity quantity, and the surplus of the electricity generating side is increased, so the social surplus of the B area is increased. However, in the area C, as the remaining transmission capacity of the tie line increases, although the social profit increases due to bid winning of more electricity purchasing/generating enterprises in the market, the electricity generating enterprises with high price in the area C can win the bid because the electricity purchasing enterprises in other areas can complete the renewable energy quota in other areas of the whole province and sell the electricity in the market of the low-price new energy generating enterprises to the electricity purchasing enterprises in other areas, so that the profit on the electricity generating side is reduced and the social profit in the area C is reduced.
(2) Comparison and analysis of multiple-output target results
Resource allocation optimization can be carried out by adopting a clearing target suitable for the region with different resource characteristics, and a clearing power result is obtained respectively aiming at the maximization of social benefit and the maximization of the full-economic market power trading scale. The comparison result is still analyzed according to the total trading electric quantity result of 30 days in the monthly market.
TABLE 6 provincial electric power market clearing result-1 under different clearing objective functions
TABLE 7 provincial electric power market clearing results under different clearing objective functions-2
Different clearing objective functions will result in different trade optimization results. Although the market electricity trading scale is greatly increased when the optimization is carried out according to the maximum clearing target of the provincial market electricity trading scale, the call line trading electricity is greatly reduced due to the forced enlargement of the market scale, the resource optimization configuration range is also reduced, and the surplus of the provincial power generation side and the surplus of the power purchase side are also greatly reduced. Therefore, when the clearing target is optimized according to the maximization of the social benefits, the social benefits of the whole province and the social benefits of A, B and C areas are greatly higher than the result of the optimization according to the maximization of the clearing target of the market electricity trading scale of the whole province.
(3) Analysis of clean energy consumption results
When the model constructed according to the invention is optimized, the effectiveness of the model for promoting the consumption of the clean energy is also needed to be analyzed, and the optimization result is shown in the following table (in the table, the positive value indicates the cost of purchasing the clean energy generated by the electricity purchasing enterprises in the region to other regions, and the negative value indicates the income of selling the clean energy to other regions by the new energy power generation enterprises in the region).
TABLE 8 clean energy results for provincial electric power markets
Because the area C has the characteristic of high installed capacity ratio of the new energy generator set, the renewable energy quota can be met, and the surplus is also generated, and the surplus clean energy can participate in selling in the green market to earn larger profit. And the capacity of the new energy generator assembling machine in the areas A and B is very low, the new energy generator assembling machine cannot meet the renewable energy quota, and the new energy generator assembling machine needs to participate in the green market to purchase clean energy. Therefore, the model provided by the invention can promote clean energy to participate in resource optimization configuration in a larger range, so as to meet renewable energy quota in a whole province range and reduce carbon emission penalty cost.
(4) Power transmission and distribution cost settlement result analysis
After the end of the shipment, the power transmission and distribution fees for the monthly trading market also need to be calculated, as shown by the results in the table below. It can be seen that the power transmission and distribution cost can well cover social welfare.
TABLE 9 settlement results of power transmission and distribution costs of provincial power markets
(5) Comparison and analysis of clear results in different provinces
The method aims to analyze how to optimally share power generation resources in different resource characteristic areas of a complex provincial power market. In this section, the social welfare is maximized as a clearing target, so as to clearly analyze how the provincial power market is cleared and optimized by the method described in the present subject, as shown in the following figure. According to the clearing optimization method considering the optimized sharing of the power generation resources, clearing results of areas with different resource characteristics in the whole province are obtained, and the trade of the areas with different resource characteristics participating in the provincial power market is analyzed.
TABLE 10 comparative analysis of clearing results from different provincial regions-1
TABLE 11 comparative analysis of clearing results in provincial and different regions-2
From the optimization results, the area a has low total installed capacity and large load demand, so that electricity purchasing in other areas in province is urgently needed. However, the capacity of the heat supply machine assembling machine in the region is high, and the heat supply machine set is restricted by 'fixing power with heat', so that the heat load requirement is preferentially met, and a large amount of electric power is simultaneously output. Considering that the regulation margin of the heat supply unit is low, the district also chooses to sell a small amount of electricity to other districts in the province in part of time, so the trade electricity on the junctor is generally shown to be more and less purchased. The conventional thermal power generator assembling machine in the area B has high capacity occupation ratio and small load, can realize self-sufficiency and is mainly used for purchasing electricity from the conventional thermal power generation enterprises in the area B. In addition, renewable energy quota requirements and tie-line transactions have prompted power generation enterprises that can purchase more electricity than they sell to other locations, with lower rates being available to other locations. And the area C is mainly used for purchasing electricity from local new energy power generation enterprises due to the high proportion of the installed capacity of the new energy, and can sell redundant electricity to other areas in the province. In addition, the power purchasing enterprises in the areas A and B need to purchase more clean energy power generation from the area C to meet the self renewable energy quota.
(6) Analysis of influence of power generation right trading on transaction scale enlargement
TABLE 12 Total System monthly costs/inter-site trade volume under Power Generation Right trade
Table 12 shows the optimization results of the provincial power market trading with the maximum social benefit clearing objective compared with the provincial power market trading with or without power generation right trading, and it can be found that, after the power generation right trading varieties are added, the power transmission and distribution cost is reduced, the power generation side income is reduced, the social benefits of the whole province are improved, the inter-regional trading amount is significantly increased, and the total provincial trading amount is not increased. This is due to: the price quoted by new energy is lower than that of conventional firepower, the generation right transfer between the two causes the income of the power generation side to be reduced, and the generation right in the invention is only limited to the inter-regional transaction, the inter-provincial transaction is not involved, and the total transaction amount of the whole province is not changed. Therefore, although the total transaction amount of the whole province is unchanged, the income of the power generation side is obviously reduced, so that the social welfare of the whole province is improved.
Fig. 6 shows the trade electric quantity of each regional tie line under the trade with or without the power generation right, after the trade variety of the power generation right is introduced, the trade quantity of the tie line between the BC and the two places is obviously increased, and the trade quantity of the place a is reduced. This is due to: the power generation right transaction exists between new energy and conventional firepower, so that the power transaction between areas with high conventional firepower ratio B and areas with high new energy ratio C is greatly promoted. For the area A with the high heating ratio, the heating demand is high, so that the power generation margin of the heating unit is small, and the transaction amount is not changed greatly. However, since the total demand of the provincial power market is fixed, the generation right trade increases the trade volume of the BC two places, and the trade volume of the A place is reduced. In a comprehensive view, the introduction of the power generation right trading variety effectively expands the inter-regional trading scale of the provincial power market and promotes the optimal allocation of resources.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for optimizing and configuring power market resources under multiple constraint conditions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, building an electric power market trading decision framework, and designing an inter-regional electric power trading mechanism and a layered clearing rule;
and step two, taking the social welfare maximization and the market electric quantity transaction scale maximization which are considered in a renewable energy quota system as clearing targets, and taking multiple constraint conditions such as power grid safety constraint, new energy power generation constraint, heat supply unit operation constraint, inter-region tie line transmission capacity constraint, green power certificate transaction constraint and the like into consideration, and combining a unified marginal layering clearing mode to construct a complex power market resource optimization configuration model, so that settlement of power transmission and distribution cost, clearing power price and power generation/purchase side surplus is realized, and power market resources are optimally configured.
2. The method for optimizing and configuring power market resources under multiple constraint conditions according to claim 1, wherein the constructed power market trading decision framework is divided into two layers, namely a regional market power trading center and a power trading center; a plurality of regional power grids are interconnected through power interconnection lines, and the whole interconnected market is subjected to unified transaction management and operation coordination by a power transaction center;
the regional power trading center decides the power purchase amount of each type of power generation enterprise in the region and the power trading amount of other regions through a connecting line; the electric power trading center clears the trading electric power of the interconnection lines among all the regions.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the expression of social welfare maximization is as follows:
wherein e represents different regions of the power market divided according to different administrative regions, power generation resources and policy enforcement, and NeRepresenting the total number of divided regions;
the social welfare in the e area is expressed by the following mathematical expressions:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the total cost of the electricity purchasing side in the area e is calculated;
the total cost of the power generation side of the e area;
and checking penalty cost for green certificate transaction expense and consumption responsibility respectively.
The mathematical expression of each expense and cost by taking the e region as an example is as follows:
wherein, subscript i is system node, T and T areScheduling time periods and time indexes; Δ t is a unit time period; d is the number of the power purchasing enterprise;
representing a power purchase enterprise node;
and
respectively representing a conventional unit, a heat supply unit, a hydraulic power, wind power and photovoltaic power generation enterprise and an intra-provincial tie line node set in the e area;
and
the method comprises the steps of representing the power purchased by conventional units, heat supply units, hydraulic power, wind power and photovoltaic power generation enterprises;
and
the power purchasing and selling of the provincial interconnection line is represented; lambda [ alpha ]i G、λi H、λi Hyd、λi WindAnd λi PvRepresenting the power selling quotations of conventional units, heat supply units, hydraulic power enterprises, wind power enterprises and photovoltaic power generation enterprises; lambda [ alpha ]i IpThe price of buying and selling electricity in province is shown; lambda [ alpha ]t GrTrading market prices for the green certificates at each time interval;
for each place of each time periodThe area participates in the green certificate transaction amount; lambda [ alpha ]PunPenalty (yuan/MWh) corresponding to unit consumption electric energy shortage;
a minimum achievable renewable energy quota for the area;ea practically completed quota of renewable energy for the area.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the market power trading scale is maximized as shown in the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
indicating the bid amount of the electricity purchasing enterprise d in the area e;
representing the price quoted by the electricity purchasing enterprise.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the complex constraints of the power market resource optimal allocation model are as follows:
(1) power grid safety constraints
1) Node power balance constraints
2) Available transmission capacity constraint of line based on direct current power flow
-Pl max≤Pl≤Pl max
Wherein G isl,iRepresenting a node power transfer factor; pl maxRepresenting the upper limit of the active power flow of the line l;
(2) new energy power generation constraint
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and
representing wind power and photovoltaic predicted output;
(3) heat supply unit operation restraint
Wherein Hi,tThe heat production power of the power generation enterprise of the back pressure type heat supply unit is obtained;
and
respectively the minimum/maximum heat production power of the power generation enterprise; a isi＝0.8、biThe parameters are 0 and are linear conversion relation coefficients of electric energy and heat energy of the heat supply unit respectively;
(4) upper/lower limit constraint of electricity sale of thermal power and hydroelectric power generation enterprises
Wherein, Pi G,maxAnd Pi G,minThe upper and lower limits of the power sold by conventional thermal power generation enterprises; pi Hyd,minAnd Pi Hyd,maxThe upper and lower limits of the power sold for thermal power enterprises;
(5) inter-zone tie transmission capacity constraints
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the power constraint of purchasing and selling electricity of the intra-provincial junctor;
and
is a variable from 0 to 1;
1 represents purchasing electricity;
a value of 1 indicates selling electricity;
(6) inter-zone tie line power balance constraints
The formula shows that the power of the junctor arranged in two areas connected with the junctor is consistent;
wherein-e represents a region other than e, and-e ∈ Ne；
Indicating that the e region purchases electric power from the-e region,
indicating that the area e purchases electric power from the area e, wherein the value of the electric power is positive for electricity purchasing and negative for electricity selling;
a global variable that is the tie-line electrical power; global variables in the present invention refer to variables used in two or more regions, while local variables refer to variables used in only a single region;
(7) green power certificate transaction constraints
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the settling of the power transmission and distribution costs, the price of the discharged and fresh electricity, and the surplus of the power generation/purchase side comprises:
settlement of power transmission and distribution fees
Wherein, Fe TDThe power transmission and distribution cost of the e area;
representing the transmission and distribution price of the intra-provincial connecting line;
the power transmission and distribution price of the intra-provincial power transmission line is represented;
clearing and clearing electricity price settlement of power transmission and distribution expenses
The unified marginal clearing price mechanism is a mode that the electric power trading center carries out centralized trading by taking the final bid enterprise quoted price as a unified market clearing price according to the bid price and the electric quantity reported by the power generation enterprises and the power purchase enterprises; the mathematical expression of the unified marginal liquidity price is as follows:
wherein subscript e represents the three regions of the provincial power market A, B, C;
and
quoted prices of power generation enterprises and power purchase enterprises are respectively; lambda [ alpha ]CShowing the price of the clear electricity on the market;
surplus settlement at electricity distribution/purchase side
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
surplus is respectively generated at the power generation side and the power purchase side.
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