CN112147934A - Control system and control method of reverse osmosis membrane water purification equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

A control system and a control method of reverse osmosis membrane water purification equipment belong to the field of automatic control. And (5) problems are solved. A control system and a control method of reverse osmosis membrane water purification equipment are disclosed, wherein an upper computer and a lower computer communicate through a bus; the lower computer reserves two RS232 and two RS485 bus communication interfaces, and can also send the acquired data parameters to the mobile phone of the staff through 4G; the data acquisition module is arranged in the water purification equipment and comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a rainfall sensor, a conductivity sensor and a turbidity sensor; the lower computer takes a singlechip STC15W4K56S4 as a control center, and the control center is connected with a power supply circuit, an external clock circuit, an MCU monitoring circuit, a storage circuit, a relay drive circuit, a macro-control GRM2000 and an alarm circuit; the relay drive circuit is connected with the electric valve and the electromagnetic pump.

Description

Control system and control method of reverse osmosis membrane water purification equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to a control system and a control method of reverse osmosis membrane water purification equipment.

Background

Water is not only a necessity in human life and production, but also has very important influence on the development of social economy, wherein the cleanliness of water is particularly important for the use of water. To ensure normal life and work of people, the stable operation of the water supply system needs to be practically ensured. After long-term development and improvement, tap water production technology is mature at home and abroad, and a plurality of methods are provided for treating tap water. However, in view of the development of the prior art, the treatment operations such as coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection are still performed on the water on the basis of the traditional water treatment technology. Automatic monitoring and handling is not possible.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that the field of water treatment and water control is still based on the traditional water treatment technology, and the water is treated by coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection and the like. The problem that automatic monitoring and treatment cannot be carried out is solved, and a control system and a control method of reverse osmosis membrane water purification equipment are provided.

A control system of reverse osmosis membrane water purification equipment comprises an upper computer, a mobile phone, a lower computer and a data acquisition module, wherein the upper computer is a computer on the site of the water purification equipment, and the upper computer and the lower computer are communicated through a bus; the lower computer reserves two RS232 and two RS485 bus communication interfaces, and can also send the acquired data parameters to the mobile phone of the staff through 4G;

the data acquisition module is arranged in the water purification equipment and comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a rainfall sensor, a conductivity sensor and a turbidity sensor;

the lower computer takes a singlechip STC15W4K56S4 as a control center, and the control center is connected with a power supply circuit, an external clock circuit, an MCU monitoring circuit, a storage circuit, a relay drive circuit, a macro-control GRM2000 and an alarm circuit; the relay drive circuit is connected with the electric valve and the electromagnetic pump.

A control method of reverse osmosis membrane water purification equipment comprises the following steps:

a step of system power-up;

setting relevant threshold values such as pressure, conductivity and the like;

then, detecting the water inlet pressure and the water inlet turbidity, controlling the water purifying equipment to flush the reverse osmosis membrane for 3 minutes when the water inlet pressure is over high and exceeds a threshold value, automatically enabling the water purifying equipment to enter a standby state to prevent the booster pump from being burnt out, and enabling the equipment to enter the standby state when the water storage tank is full quickly to prevent water stored in the water storage tank from overflowing;

when the desalination rate of water is low, the system gives an alarm to remind workers to clean or replace the reverse osmosis membrane;

the reverse osmosis membrane is automatically back-washed for 1 minute every hour when the water purifying equipment works;

under the condition that relevant threshold values such as pressure, conductivity and the like are set, the control system automatically waits for the alarm effect when the working states of the system are abnormal, and workers only need to monitor various environmental parameters in an office at regular time and process the environmental parameters according to alarm information in time when the water purifying equipment is in an abnormal state;

meanwhile, the system also utilizes a rainfall monitoring sensor to monitor the weather condition of a water source area, the PH value of raw water can be reduced in rainy days, the dissolved oxygen rate and the salinity and alkalinity in water can be reduced, the water quality of the raw water can be more complicated, and when the weather of rainwater is monitored, workers can add more disinfectants as appropriate, so that the water purification effect is further improved;

the system also utilizes the 4G wireless data terminal to control the GRM200 greatly, and remotely transmits the acquired parameters to the mobile phone of the staff.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the control system has the control functions of a booster pump, an electromagnetic valve and the like, collects various environmental parameter information such as water temperature, water inlet and outlet pressure, conductivity, rainfall of a water source area and the like, is also provided with contents such as an EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory), an external clock, an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) monitoring circuit, an alarm circuit and the like, and has higher reliability and automation level. In order to reduce the workload of workers and prolong the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane, the system control flow is also added with timed automatic back washing.

The lower computer control program mainly comprises single chip microcomputer program designs of chips such as a DS1302 real-time clock chip, an AT24C04 storage chip and the like and related peripheral circuits, sensor data acquisition through a single chip microcomputer, control of a relay drive circuit through serial port communication, indicator light flashing, alarm log recording and the like. The upper computer part is written by Java language and mainly realizes the functions of user registration, user login, data receiving and storing, threshold setting, electric valve and booster pump control, log checking and the like.

The system realizes the control of the water purifying equipment, and is particularly suitable for the automatic control of the reverse osmosis membrane water purifying equipment. The system can realize the functions of automatically opening and closing the booster pump, opening and closing the electromagnetic valve, monitoring various working parameters of the water purification system and the like. The step of manual monitoring is omitted, and the workload is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower computer of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an RS485 bus communication interface according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a RS232 serial port communication circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a memory circuit according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is an external clock circuit according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows:

the control system of the reverse osmosis membrane water purification equipment in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and comprises an upper computer 1, a mobile phone 2, a lower computer 3 and a data acquisition module, wherein the upper computer 1 is a computer on the water purification equipment site, and workers can realize operations such as user registration, user login, threshold setting, working state checking and the like through the upper computer 1. Gather each item environmental parameter and the water source ground rainfall of water purification unit on the one hand and transmit for host computer 1, on the other hand can also realize the control to booster pump and motorised valve switching through relay drive circuit 13. The upper computer 1 and the lower computer 3 are communicated through a bus; according to the requirements of different sites, the lower computer 3 reserves two RS232 and two RS485 bus communication interfaces, and the staff can select a proper interface for communication according to actual conditions. In addition, the lower computer 3 can also send the acquired data parameters to the mobile phone 2 of the worker through 4G, so that even if the worker is not in the water purification site due to reasons, the worker can remotely check various parameters of the water purification equipment during working and receive an abnormal alarm at the first time, thereby timely checking the abnormality, ensuring the normal working of the water purification equipment and avoiding the loss caused by the abnormal working of the equipment;

the data acquisition module is arranged in the water purification equipment and comprises a temperature sensor 4, a pressure sensor 5, a rainfall sensor 6, a conductivity sensor 7 and a turbidity sensor 8;

as shown in fig. 2, the lower computer 3 takes a single chip microcomputer STC15W4K56S4 as a control center, and the lower computer 3 is connected with a data acquisition module, a power supply circuit 9, an external clock circuit 10, an MCU monitoring circuit 11, a storage circuit 12, a relay drive circuit 13, an macro-control GRM2000 (element number in the figure is 14), and an alarm circuit 15; the relay drive circuit 13 connects the electric valve 16 and the electromagnetic pump 17.

The second embodiment is as follows:

different from the first specific embodiment, in the control system of the reverse osmosis membrane water purification device of the present embodiment, the temperature sensor 4 is a platinum resistor temperature sensor 4STT-BPA1B6C300D1E3N2G1PBT2S 0; the invention adopts a reverse osmosis membrane process, and when the temperature is changed, the shape of the RO membrane is changed, the viscosity of the water body is changed, and the surface tension is changed, which all can indirectly influence the membrane flux. The water yield can be reduced by 3% when the temperature is reduced by 1 ℃ by taking 25 ℃ as a proper working temperature. The running condition of the whole system can be better known by monitoring the water temperature in real time.

The third concrete implementation mode:

different from the first embodiment, in the control system of the reverse osmosis membrane water purification device of the present embodiment, the pressure sensor 5 is a KAP50 capacitive pressure transmitter. The device is used for monitoring the pressure and the liquid level of inlet and outlet water, and is closed when the pressure of the inlet water is too low, so that the booster pump is prevented from being burnt out. When the water in the water storage tank is full, the equipment is enabled to enter standby state, and the water in the water storage tank is prevented from overflowing.

The fourth concrete implementation mode:

different from the first embodiment, in the control system of the reverse osmosis membrane water purification device of the present embodiment, the rainfall sensor 6 is an RS-100 infrared rainfall sensor 6. In rainy days, because rainwater is weakly acidic, the pH value of raw water can be reduced in rainy days, the dissolved oxygen rate and the salinity and alkalinity of water can be reduced, and more disinfectants are required to be added during water purification treatment.

The fifth concrete implementation mode:

different from the first embodiment, in the control system of the reverse osmosis membrane water purification unit of the present embodiment, the conductivity sensor 7 is an AC35 type conductivity sensor 7. The conductivity meter is used for measuring the conductivity of the water purified by the system in the water purification treatment, so that the desalination rate is obtained, and the working efficiency of the reverse osmosis membrane is further known. The threshold value can be set manually by a worker, and in general, when the conductivity approaches 10 mus/cm, the reverse osmosis membrane needs to be cleaned or replaced.

The sixth specific implementation mode:

different from the first embodiment, in the control system of the reverse osmosis membrane water purification device of the present embodiment, the turbidity sensor 8 is selected as an NH151 type turbidity sensor 8. The contents of soil, sand, fine organic matter, inorganic matter, plankton, microbe, colloid matter, etc. in water are analyzed, and when the turbidity exceeds the load of reverse osmosis membrane, the water purifier is made to stand by.

The seventh embodiment:

different from the specific embodiment, in the control system of the reverse osmosis membrane water purification device of the embodiment, the RS485 bus communication interface circuit diagram is shown in fig. 3, and a singlechip communicates with the 4G module through an RS485 serial port in the control system. The ADM2483 is taken as a core, is an isolated RS485 transceiver derived from ADI, and functionally integrates three single-channel optical couplers and an RS485 transceiver. Compared with three traditional 6N137 and one MAX485, the serial port communication function of the RS485 can be completed only by one ADM 2483. ADM2483 integrates the magnetic coupling isolation technology of ADI patent, and the technology belongs to voltage type, and does not need external current limiting resistance and extra electric isolation treatment. The ADM2483 is packaged by SOIC-16, is only 7.50mm wide, has the cost of about 15 yuan RMB, and is very suitable for the integrated design of the system. A pin 1 (Vdd 1) of the chip is a logic end power supply with the working voltage of 2.7-5.5V, and the system adopts 5V power supply. The power supply device comprises a 2 pin (Gnd 1) and an 8 pin (Gnd 1) which are connected internally, a 4 pin (RE) is effective receiving enabling control of low level, a 5 pin (DE) is effective sending enabling control of high level, a 16 pin (Vdd 2) is a power supply for a bus end with working voltage of 4.75-5.25V, a chip power supply end is connected across a 100nF small capacitor and used for filtering clutter capacitors and reducing interference of clutter on a circuit, meanwhile, pollution of the working clutter of the circuit on a power grid is restrained, a 22 omega resistor and a 10 omega resistor are used for circuit current limiting, an output end is connected across a TVS (transient voltage suppressor) NUP2105 to serve as a surge absorption protection device, and when two poles are impacted by reverse transient high energy, high impedance between the two poles is changed into low impedance at a very high speed, and surge power is absorbed. The voltage between the two electrodes is clamped at a safe value, thereby effectively protecting the circuit elements from being damaged by transient high-energy impact and playing a role in electrostatic protection.

The specific implementation mode is eight:

different from the specific embodiment, in the control system of the reverse osmosis membrane water purification device of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the RS232 serial port communication circuit takes an MAX232 chip as a core, wherein four capacitors, namely pins 1 to 6, C3, C4, C5 and C6, jointly form a charge pump circuit, and the charge pump circuit has a function of generating two power supplies of +12V and-12V to meet the level requirement of the RS-232 serial port. The MAX232 is provided with two groups of data channels, the system selects a first data channel, namely a 13-pin (R1 IN), a 12-pin (R1 OUT), a 11-pin (T1 IN) and a 14-pin (T1 OUT) as the data channel, and the chip is powered by a 15-pin GND and a 16-pin VCC (+ 5V). Through MAX232 chip, TTL level that can output the singlechip is converted into 232 level that PC can accept, realizes the communication of singlechip and host computer 1. Meanwhile, ADUM3201 is added into the partial circuit to play a role in electrical isolation. The chip power supply end is added with a 100nF bypass capacitor to play a role of filtering.

The specific implementation method nine:

different from the first embodiment, in the control system of the reverse osmosis membrane water purification apparatus of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the storage circuit 12 selects an EEPROM to store the operating data. The EEPROM can simply rewrite some small data and the data does not disappear after power failure, which better meets the requirement of the system for periodically storing working data and storing for a long time. The memory circuit 12 is centered around the AT24C 04. Where SDA is the data port, open drain output. SCL is a clock port. Three 10K pull-up resistors are added on the pin, so that the output capacity of the pin is enhanced.

The detailed implementation mode is ten:

different from the first embodiment, in the control system of the reverse osmosis membrane water purification apparatus of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the external clock circuit 10 employs a DS1302, and the DS1302 is a real-time clock chip, which can provide information of second, minute, hour, date, month, year, etc., and further has leap year compensation; wherein, 2 feet (X1) and 3 feet (X2) are connected with a 32.768KHz crystal oscillator to provide a time reference for the DS1302, and the frequency of the 32.768KHz is easily obtained by frequency division for 15 times, thereby realizing accurate timing. The external clock adopts 5V power supply by 1 foot (VCC), and 100nF electric capacity is used for the filtering, for preventing untiming after the system power failure, standby power supply pin 8 foot (VCC) has externally connected 3V lithium manganese button cell CR 2032. After power down of pin 1, the CR2032 can still supply power for the clock, so that the accuracy of timing is ensured.

The concrete implementation mode eleven:

the control method of the reverse osmosis membrane water purification device of the embodiment,

powering up the system;

setting related threshold values such as pressure, conductivity and the like;

then, detecting the water inlet pressure and the water inlet turbidity, controlling the water purifying equipment to flush the reverse osmosis membrane for 3 minutes when the water inlet pressure is over high and exceeds a threshold value, automatically enabling the water purifying equipment to enter a standby state to prevent the booster pump from being burnt out, and enabling the equipment to enter the standby state when the water storage tank is full quickly to prevent water stored in the water storage tank from overflowing;

when the desalination rate of water is low, the system gives an alarm to remind workers to clean or replace the reverse osmosis membrane;

the above threshold values can be set by the staff through the upper computer 1. The reverse osmosis membrane can be automatically back-washed for 1 minute every hour when the water purifying equipment works;

under the condition that relevant threshold values such as pressure, conductivity and the like are set, the control system has the automatic standby alarm effect when the working state of the system is abnormal, and workers only need to monitor various environmental parameters in an office at regular time and process the environmental parameters according to alarm information when the water purifying equipment is in an abnormal state, so that the steps of manually opening and closing a booster pump and an electromagnetic valve, manually controlling the backwashing of the water purifying equipment, manually troubleshooting and the like are omitted, the workload of the workers is greatly reduced, and the automation level and the reliability of the water purifying equipment are improved.

Simultaneously, the system still utilizes rainfall monitoring sensor monitoring water source ground weather condition, and rainy day can make raw water pH value reduce, can reduce aquatic dissolved oxygen rate and salinity and alkalinity simultaneously, and raw water quality of water can be more complicated, and when monitoring rainwater weather, the staff can add more disinfectants as appropriate to further promote the water purification effect. (ii) a

The system also utilizes the 4G wireless data terminal to control the GRM200 greatly, and can operate by inserting the mobile/Unicom mobile phone 2 card with the flow opened. The GRM200 may remotely transmit the collected parameters to the staff's handset 2. Therefore, even if the working personnel leave the office for reasons, the field working condition can be remotely monitored in real time, and great convenience is brought to the working personnel. When equipment breaks down, the staff can also obtain the fault information at the first time and process the fault information in time, and the loss of the user is reduced to the maximum extent.

The working principle is as follows:

firstly, a data acquisition module acquires data, and communicates with a main control module singlechip STC15W4K56S4 after A/D conversion;

then, the single chip microcomputer transmits the collected temperature, conductivity, pressure and rainfall signals to the giant-control GRM200 through RS485 serial port communication, a worker can remotely check the working state of the system through the mobile phone 2, and the worker can check the working condition of the water purification system and make corresponding control through the upper computer 1 through the serial port communication field upper computer 1, such as adjusting conductivity threshold values, water inlet and outlet pressure threshold values and the like.

In order to improve the function of checking historical working conditions, the system is also added with a DS1302 with a calendar function as an external clock, so that the function of simultaneously recording data and the time when the data appears is realized while the occupied singlechip resources are less. The power supply circuit 9 adopts 24V direct current power supply and supplies power to the system through a 24V to 5V circuit. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system, the MCU monitoring circuit 11 is also added, and a reset pulse is output when a power supply is powered on or off, and the voltage is transiently dropped and crashed, so that the system of the singlechip is prevented from crashing. The external expansion storage adopts EEPROM, the single chip microcomputer stores the acquired data in the EEPROM, and the data are not lost after the system is powered down and are used for storing the historical working state of the water purification system.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a reverse osmosis membrane water purification unit's control system which characterized in that: the water purification device comprises an upper computer, a mobile phone, a lower computer and a data acquisition module, wherein the upper computer is a computer on the site of the water purification device, and the upper computer and the lower computer are communicated through a bus; the lower computer reserves two RS232 and two RS485 bus communication interfaces, and can also send the acquired data parameters to the mobile phone of the staff through 4G;

the data acquisition module is arranged in the water purification equipment and comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a rainfall sensor, a conductivity sensor and a turbidity sensor;

the lower computer takes a singlechip STC15W4K56S4 as a control center and is connected with a data acquisition module, a power supply circuit, an external clock circuit, an MCU monitoring circuit, a storage circuit, a relay drive circuit, an enormous control GRM2000 and an alarm circuit; the relay drive circuit is connected with the electric valve and the electromagnetic pump.

2. The control system of a reverse osmosis membrane water purification unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature sensor is a platinum resistance temperature sensor STT-BPA1B6C300D1E3N2G1PBT2S 0.

3. The control system of a reverse osmosis membrane water purification unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the pressure sensor is a KAP50 capacitive pressure transmitter.

4. The control system of a reverse osmosis membrane water purification unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: the rainfall sensor is an RS-100 type infrared rainfall sensor.

5. The control system of a reverse osmosis membrane water purification unit according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: the conductivity sensor is an AC35 type conductivity sensor.

6. The control system of a reverse osmosis membrane water purification unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: the turbidity sensor is selected from an NH151 type turbidity sensor.

7. The control system of a reverse osmosis membrane water purification unit according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 6, wherein: the RS485 bus takes ADM2483 as a core, pin 1 of the chip is a logic end power supply with working voltage of 2.7-5.5V, pins 2 and 8 are power grounds connected inside, pin 4 is effective receiving enabling control of low level, pin 5 is effective sending enabling control of high level, pin 16 is a bus end power supply with working voltage of 4.75V-5.25V, a power supply end of the chip is connected with a small capacitor of 100nF in a bridging mode and used for filtering clutter capacitors and reducing interference of clutter on the circuit, meanwhile, pollution of working clutter of the circuit to a power grid is inhibited, resistors of 22 omega and 10 omega are used for limiting current of the circuit, and an output end of the chip is connected with a TVS tube NUP2105 to serve as a surge absorption protection device.

8. The control system of a reverse osmosis membrane water purification unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: the RS232 serial port communication circuit takes an MAX232 chip as a core, wherein a charge pump circuit is formed by 1-6 pins and four capacitors of C3, C4, C5 and C6, two +12V power supplies and-12V power supplies are generated, a first data channel, namely 13 pins, 12 pins, 11 pins and 14 pins, is selected as the data channel, and the chip is powered by 15 pins GND and 16 pins VCC.

9. The control system of a reverse osmosis membrane water purification unit according to claim 1, 2, 4, 6 or 8, wherein: the external clock circuit adopts a DS1302, the DS1302 is a real-time clock chip, information such as seconds, minutes, hours, dates, months, years and the like can be provided, and leap year compensation is carried out; the 2-pin and 3-pin are connected with a 32.768KHz crystal oscillator to provide time reference for the DS1302, the external clock adopts 5V power supply from 1 pin, a 100nF capacitor is used for filtering, and the pin 8 of the standby power supply is externally connected with a 3V lithium manganese button cell CR 2032.

10. A control method using the control system of any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: the control method comprises the following steps:

powering up the system;

setting relevant threshold values such as pressure, conductivity and the like;

then, detecting the water inlet pressure and the water inlet turbidity, controlling the water purifying equipment to flush the reverse osmosis membrane for 3 minutes when the water inlet pressure is over high and exceeds a threshold value, automatically enabling the water purifying equipment to enter a standby state to prevent the booster pump from being burnt out, and enabling the equipment to enter the standby state when the water storage tank is full quickly to prevent water stored in the water storage tank from overflowing;

when the desalination rate of water is low, the system gives an alarm to remind workers to clean or replace the reverse osmosis membrane;

the reverse osmosis membrane is automatically back-washed for 1 minute every hour when the water purifying equipment works;

under the condition that relevant threshold values such as pressure, conductivity and the like are set, the control system automatically waits for the alarm effect when the working states of the system are abnormal, and workers only need to monitor various environmental parameters in an office at regular time and process the environmental parameters according to alarm information in time when the water purifying equipment is in an abnormal state;

meanwhile, the system also utilizes a rainfall monitoring sensor to monitor the weather condition of a water source area, the PH value of raw water can be reduced in rainy days, the dissolved oxygen rate and the salinity and alkalinity in water can be reduced, the water quality of the raw water can be more complicated, and when the weather of rainwater is monitored, workers can add more disinfectants as appropriate, so that the water purification effect is further improved;

the system also utilizes the 4G wireless data terminal to control the GRM200 greatly, and remotely transmits the acquired parameters to the mobile phone of the staff.

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