CN112147874A - Time-frequency reference generation device and method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping - Google Patents
Time-frequency reference generation device and method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping Download PDFInfo
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- CN112147874A CN112147874A CN202011220718.3A CN202011220718A CN112147874A CN 112147874 A CN112147874 A CN 112147874A CN 202011220718 A CN202011220718 A CN 202011220718A CN 112147874 A CN112147874 A CN 112147874A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
- G04F5/00—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
- G04F5/14—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards using atomic clocks
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- G04R—RADIO-CONTROLLED TIME-PIECES
- G04R20/00—Setting the time according to the time information carried or implied by the radio signal
- G04R20/02—Setting the time according to the time information carried or implied by the radio signal the radio signal being sent by a satellite, e.g. GPS
Abstract
The invention provides a high-precision time-frequency reference generation device and method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping, and solves the technical problems that the existing time-frequency reference generation is highly dependent on satellite signals, the time service timekeeping phase synchronization reliability is low, the size is large, the power consumption is high, and the device is not suitable for a vehicle-mounted environment. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the satellite timing component acquires a timing signal of a navigation satellite to form timing time information and a timing second pulse signal output; the atomic clock time keeping component adjusts the atomic clock reference frequency according to the time service time information and the stability of the time service second pulse signal to form a time keeping pulse signal and time keeping time information output; the time service power supply circuit and the time keeping power supply circuit independently supply power to the satellite time service assembly and the atomic clock time keeping assembly by utilizing a vehicle-mounted power supply. The time-frequency reference generating device is miniaturized and low in power consumption, the time keeping signal is kept at high precision when the time-frequency reference generating device is in a long vehicle-mounted environment and does not have the time service signal, the stability of the satellite time service signal is used as a reference frequency adjusting parameter of the CPT atomic clock, the time service signal and the time keeping signal form a coherent unique time reference signal to be output, and time overhead and system errors caused by switching of different types of signals are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of timing, in particular to a high-precision time-frequency reference generation device and method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping.
Background
In the fields of modern aerospace and military, measurement and control information of various devices need to be highly unified in the time field, so that a high-precision time-frequency reference generating device needs to be researched to output a standard time signal and a standard frequency, and the time-frequency reference generating device at home and abroad has satellite time service equipment highly dependent on satellite signals, a rubidium (cesium) clock time scale system with larger volume or high price and the like. However, the existing equipment cannot meet basic requirements of equipment size, manufacturing cost, running power consumption and the like in a vehicle-mounted environment. Meanwhile, under the influence of implementation conditions of a vehicle-mounted environment, the existing equipment is not beneficial to the requirement of high-reliability synchronization of time service and time keeping signal phases.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a high-precision time-frequency reference generation device and method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping, so as to solve the technical problems that the existing time-frequency reference generation is highly dependent on satellite signals, the time-service timekeeping phase synchronization reliability is low, and the existing time-frequency reference generation is large in size and high in power consumption and is not suitable for a vehicle-mounted environment.
The high-precision time-frequency reference generating device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping of the embodiment of the invention comprises:
the satellite time service assembly is used for acquiring a time service signal of the navigation satellite to form time service time information and time service second pulse signal output;
the atomic clock time keeping component is used for adjusting the reference frequency of the CPT atomic clock according to the time service time information and the stability of the time service second pulse signal to form a time keeping pulse signal and time keeping time information to be output;
the time service power supply circuit is used for independently supplying power to the satellite time service assembly by utilizing a vehicle-mounted power supply;
and the time keeping power supply circuit is used for independently supplying power to the atomic clock time keeping component by utilizing the vehicle-mounted power supply.
The high-precision time-frequency reference generation method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping of the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the reference frequency of the CPT atomic clock according to the time service time information and the stability of the time service second pulse signal to form a timekeeping pulse signal and timekeeping time information output.
The high-precision time-frequency reference generating device and method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping of the embodiment of the invention utilize frequency information and time information formed by time service signals of a satellite navigation system to improve the stability of reference frequency formed by an atomic clock, reduce the phase error of pulse signals formed according to the reference frequency, realize the miniaturization and low power consumption of the time-frequency reference generating device, realize the high-precision maintenance of timekeeping signals when the vehicle-mounted environment is longer and no time service signals exist, use the stability of the time service time information and satellite second pulse signals as parameters for adjusting the reference frequency of the CPT atomic clock, form coherent unique time reference signals with the time service signals and the timekeeping signals to output, and avoid the time overhead and system error of switching different types of signals. The requirements of military supplies on 7-day time keeping precision of 5ms and high reliable synchronization of time service and time keeping signal phases are met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-precision time-frequency reference generating device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an architecture of a satellite time service component in a high-precision time-frequency reference generation device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a timekeeping power supply circuit in the high-precision time-frequency reference generation device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a protection circuit in the high-precision time-frequency reference generation apparatus based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an architecture of an atomic clock time-keeping component in a high-precision time-frequency reference generation apparatus based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock time keeping according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase correction circuit in the high-precision time-frequency reference generation apparatus based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a high-precision time-frequency reference generation method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the taming work in the high-precision time-frequency reference generation method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock time keeping according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a time-keeping workflow diagram in a high-precision time-frequency reference generation method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock time keeping according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a correction of 10MHz pulses of an atomic clock component in a high-precision time-frequency reference generation method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more obvious, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An embodiment of the invention relates to a high-precision time-frequency reference generating device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock time keeping, which is shown in FIG. 1. In fig. 1, the present embodiment includes:
and the satellite time service assembly is used for acquiring the time service signal of the navigation satellite to form time service time information and time service second pulse signal output.
As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the time measurement information of the high-precision clock source on the satellite can be obtained by utilizing the radio frequency signal broadcasted by the satellite to form quantized data with different time measurement dimensions. Such as a time service time source in a standard time format or a time service time source for a fixed frequency pulse signal.
And the atomic clock time keeping component is used for adjusting the reference frequency of the CPT atomic clock according to the time service time information and the stability of the time service second pulse signal to form a time keeping pulse signal and time keeping time information to be output.
Those skilled in the art can understand that the CPT (coherent population trapping) atomic clock can be miniaturized, a frequency chain is formed by detecting an atomic frequency signal, a reference frequency is formed by servo-controlling the frequency chain, and time-keeping standard time information and a time-keeping pulse signal are output according to the reference frequency. The reference frequency is affected by device characteristics and environmental characteristics, and necessary adjustment control such as lock control and phase-discipline control of the reference frequency is required.
And the time service power supply circuit is used for independently supplying power to the satellite time service assembly by utilizing the vehicle-mounted power supply.
As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the voltage and the current required by the time service process can be formed through the vehicle-mounted power supply and the electric storage device, and the time service signal acquisition and processing with higher frequency in a long time can be met.
And the time keeping power supply circuit is used for independently supplying power to the atomic clock time keeping component by utilizing the vehicle-mounted power supply.
The voltage and current required by the time-keeping process can be formed through the vehicle-mounted power supply and the electric storage device, and the time-keeping signal processing and signal output which are continuous for a long time can be met.
The high-precision time-frequency reference generating device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping of the embodiment of the invention utilizes frequency information and time information formed by time service signals of a satellite navigation system to improve the stability of reference frequency formed by an atomic clock, reduces the phase error of pulse signals formed according to the reference frequency, realizes the miniaturization and low power consumption of the time-frequency reference generating device, realizes the high-precision maintenance of the timekeeping signals when the vehicle-mounted environment is longer and no time service signals exist, takes the stability of the time service time information and the satellite second pulse signals as parameters for adjusting the reference frequency of the CPT atomic clock, forms coherent unique time reference signals with the timekeeping signals to output, and avoids the time overhead and system error of switching different types of signals. The requirements of military supplies on 7-day time keeping precision of 5ms and high reliable synchronization of time service and time keeping signal phases are met.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 2, in which a satellite time service component in a high-precision time-frequency reference generation device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock time keeping is provided. In fig. 2, the satellite time service assembly includes:
the satellite antenna is used for receiving multi-frequency satellite radio frequency signals and adopts master-slave arrangement.
The satellite antenna comprises a master satellite antenna and a slave satellite antenna, wherein each satellite antenna receives four-frequency (L1/L2/B1/B3) satellite radio frequency signals.
And the radio frequency cable is used for carrying out lossless transmission on the satellite radio frequency signals.
The multi-mode satellite positioning and orientation time service plate is used for carrying out frequency conversion, demodulation, PVT (physical vapor transport) and orientation calculation, time sequence control processing and the like on satellite radio frequency signals to form navigation signals and time service signals, forming formatted time service data according to the navigation signals and the time service signals, setting a universal output interface to output the formatted time service data, and setting a universal input interface to input other time service data.
The high-precision time-frequency reference generation device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping of the embodiment of the invention forms rich formatted time service data by processing navigation signals, provides various types of external reference timing signals for an atomic clock timekeeping component, and can form functional adaptation of the timing reference of the device body by receiving other time service data through a universal input interface and form reasonable adaptation of time information with other equipment in a system.
As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the multimode satellite positioning and directional time service board includes:
and the satellite channel plate is used for carrying out frequency conversion-despreading-demodulation on the received satellite radio frequency signals to form original satellite observation quantity information.
And the satellite channel board performs high-frequency and partial baseband processing on the satellite signal to obtain original observation quantity information carried in the signal.
And the satellite processing board is used for carrying out PVT (Position Velocity and Time) calculation, Time sequence control and azimuth calculation according to the original observation quantity information of the satellite to obtain a Time service signal, and the Time service signal is formatted and packaged into a standard format for output.
And the satellite processing board performs partial baseband processing and data processing on the original observation quantity information, and encapsulates and classifies the resolved and stripped time service signals for output. The encapsulation types include, but are not limited to, RS422 differential second pulses, LVTTL second pulses, TTL second pulses, and the like. The satellite processing board also receives and adapts incoming data such as time-of-day pulse data and time-of-day data. The satellite processing board may adopt a dsp (digital Signal processing) digital Signal processor, an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), an mcu (microcontroller unit) system board, an soc (system on a chip) system board, or a plc (Programmable Logic controller) minimum system including I/O.
The time service and time keeping power supply circuit in the high-precision time frequency reference generation device based on satellite time service and time keeping of the CPT atomic clock in one embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 3. In fig. 3, the time-keeping power supply circuit includes:
and the protection circuit is used for performing reverse connection protection, overcurrent protection, undervoltage protection and overvoltage protection on the input current and outputting the input current within a rated range.
And a first DC converting circuit for converting the input voltage into a 5V voltage and filtering an AC component.
And the second direct current conversion circuit is used for converting the input voltage into 3.3V voltage and filtering harmonic components.
The high-precision time-frequency reference generation device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock time keeping in the embodiment of the invention utilizes the independence of the time keeping power supply circuit to provide a pure direct current power supply for the atomic clock time keeping component which runs for a long time, overcomes the influence on the atomic clock time keeping component when the power supply is accessed, fluctuated and interfered as far as possible, and avoids the drift of the electrical assembly environment and the physicochemical parameters of the atomic clock time keeping component.
The protection circuit in the high-precision time-frequency reference generation device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to the embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 4. In fig. 4, the protection circuit includes: self-restoring fuse(preferably series SMD2920R200 SF) F1, a transil diode (SMDJ33CA) V8, a first MOSFET (preferably SUD50N06-09L) V6, a second MOSFET V7, and a power protection controller (preferably series SMD2920R200 SF)LTC4365HTS8 series) D8, an input power supply circuit is divided into three branches after being connected with a self-recovery fuse F1 in series, the first branch is connected with a transient diode V8 in series and then grounded, the second branch is connected with a resistor R12 in series and then connected with a pin 5 of a power protection controller D8, the third branch is connected with the drain of a first MOSFET V6, the source of the first MOSFET V6 is connected with the source of a second MOSFET V7, the drain of the second MOSFET V7 is connected with an output circuit, an electrolytic capacitor C14 and a capacitor C15 form a capacitor parallel circuit, and the positive end of the capacitor parallel circuit is connected with the other end of the output circuit and grounded; the drain of the second MOSFET transistor V7 is connected to pin 7 of the power protection controller D8, the sources of the first MOSFET transistor V6 and the second MOSFET transistor V7 are connected to pin 8 of the power protection controller D8, pin 4 of the power protection controller D8 is grounded, a resistor R17 is connected in series between pin 3 and pin 2 of the power protection controller D8, a resistor R16 and a resistor R12 are connected in series between pin 2 and pin 5 of the power protection controller D8, and a resistor R12 is connected in series between pin 1 and pin 5 of the power protection controller D8.
The high-precision time-frequency reference generation device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping of the embodiment of the invention uses a vehicle-mounted power supply 9V-36V or a time service power supply circuit as an input power supply to enter a protection circuit firstly, and overcurrent protection adopts a self-recovery fuse, so that the maximum borne current is 40A. The power supply protection controller and the peripheral circuit thereof realize the functions of reverse connection protection, undervoltage protection and overvoltage protection, and the double-path N-channel MOSFET isolates negative voltage to achieve the purpose of reverse connection protection. The undervoltage protection point of the circuit is set to be 9V, the overvoltage protection point is set to be 36V, and when the input voltage deviates to the outside of the set protection voltage, the power supply protection controller quickly turns off the MOSFET tube and cuts off the power supply. The MOSFET turn-off delay time is 35 ns. And sensitive and reliable power supply protection can be realized. In practical application, the large burden and unnecessary work requirement on the vehicle-mounted storage battery are avoided, the power supply requirement is only 4 watts, 28 ampere hours are required corresponding to the 7-day vehicle-mounted storage battery, and the consumption of system resources is reduced.
An atomic clock time keeping component in the high-precision time-frequency reference generation device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock time keeping according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 5. In FIG. 5, the atomic clock time keeping component includes:
and the atomic clock module is used for receiving the time service second pulse signal and the control instruction, and forming an atomic clock second pulse signal and an atomic clock signal according to the control instruction by using the time service second pulse signal to output.
The input signals of the atomic clock module include, but are not limited to, time service second pulse signals and time service time information formed by a satellite processing board, and flow control instructions and trigger instructions formed by a single chip module.
The output signals of the atomic clock module include, but are not limited to, time-keeping second pulses, time-keeping time information, 10MHz clock signals, and the like. The atomic clock of the atomic clock module selects the small and light XHTF1040 CPT clock.
And the singlechip module is used for receiving external data to form a control instruction to enable the time service pulse per second signal to be forwarded and forming perpetual calendar time information according to the internal and external time information and the atomic clock pulse per second signal.
The input signal of the singlechip module comprises but is not limited to time service data, time service second pulse state data, time service second pulse signals, time keeping second pulse signals and the like formed by the satellite time service component.
The output signal of the singlechip module comprises but is not limited to a timed pulse per second signal enabling instruction, a flow control instruction, a trigger instruction and the like.
The high-precision time-frequency reference generating device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock time keeping provides rich data communication links and signal transmission channels between the satellite time service component and the atomic clock time keeping component for fusion and forwarding of the time service signal and the time keeping signal, and can meet synchronous output of multiple types of reference time signals of time keeping signal Chen-Ge.
In one embodiment of the invention, the atomic clock time keeping component and the satellite time service component are designed into equal-height board cards, and the atomic clock time keeping component and the satellite time service component are connected through a PDS-45-JW connector and fixed on the same metal bottom plate. The requirements of small volume, modularization and combination are met.
Fig. 6 shows a phase correction circuit in a high-precision time-frequency reference generation apparatus based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to an embodiment of the present invention. The phase correction circuit is used for maintaining phase error according with a threshold value according to the timed second pulse in the process of keeping the timed second pulse formed by the CPT atomic clock to realize phase domestication. In fig. 6, the phase correction circuit includes:
the exponential filter is used for filtering the phase difference between the punctual pulses and the time service sects to remove high-frequency components so as to form phase difference observation data;
the Kalman filter is used for obtaining a phase difference estimated value of the punctual pulse by utilizing the change of phase difference observation data;
the PID controller is used for forming a frequency control parameter in the proportional integral derivative control process according to the phase difference estimated value and feeding the frequency control parameter back to the Kalman filter as feedback input;
and the CPT atomic clock frequency synthesizer is used for performing frequency taming on the reference frequency synthesis process by using the frequency control parameter and keeping the watch-time second pulse phase.
The high-precision time-frequency reference generating device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping of the embodiment of the invention utilizes the time service pulse signal to participate in the phase taming of the timekeeping pulse signal, so that the phase taming process and the pulse per second synchronization process are effectively integrated, the system error of the connection of the phase taming and the pulse per second signal is avoided, and the time reference is continuously unified.
In the application process, after the atomic clock time keeping component is powered on, serial port time information and pulse per second information of the satellite time service component are received, after information validity is screened, on one hand, the atomic clock performs external synchronization and self-locking, has a working state after 500 seconds in a full temperature range, starts to utilize the phase correction circuit to perform a CPT atomic clock discipline process, the time reaches 300s, and when the phase difference between the pulse per second of the atomic clock time keeping component and the pulse per second of the satellite time service component is less than 200ns, the time keeping precision of the time frequency reference source generating device reaches the required index of 5ms/7 days. The method can synchronously meet the second pulse updating time of the time keeping precision in a perpetual calendar mode, and simultaneously, atomic clock second pulses are output outwards.
The high-precision time-frequency reference generation method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping of the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the reference frequency of the CPT atomic clock according to the time service time information and the stability of the time service second pulse signal to form a timekeeping pulse signal and timekeeping time information output.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that satellite navigation signals are affected by the reception environment. The CPT atomic clock can generate a stable reference frequency. And adjusting the reference frequency of the CPT atomic clock according to the satellite time service time information and the stability of the satellite second pulse signal to form an accurate and stable time keeping pulse signal and time keeping information output.
The high-precision time-frequency reference generation method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping overcomes the technical problems that a satellite time service component is high in time precision and is easily influenced by satellite signal effectiveness under the satellite effective condition, an atomic clock timekeeping component is not influenced by external environment but is not uniform in time origin and large in accumulated error, and when the system is used, seamless output is difficult to guarantee and switching errors are easy to occur due to the fact that whether a satellite signal is effective or not is needed to be switched between the two components.
The method for generating the high-precision time-frequency reference based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to the embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 7. In fig. 7, the present embodiment includes:
step 110: powering on an atomic clock time keeping component;
step 111: outputting an initial time keeping second pulse, and setting the initial time of the perpetual calendar 20000101:00:00: 00;
step 112: the atomic clock time keeping component receives state data of the satellite time service component;
step 113: judging whether the reference frequency of the atomic clock is locked or not;
step 114: enabling time-service second pulse input when the atomic clock reference frequency is unlocked, and performing single-time synchronization on the atomic clock to finish time-keeping second pulse to time-service second pulse alignment to form aligned time-keeping second pulses;
step 115: one path of timekeeping second pulse is directly output outwards, the perpetual calendar time code information is updated according to the other path of timekeeping second pulse, the perpetual calendar is accumulated for one second, and meanwhile, the state data of the satellite time service assembly is continuously received;
step 116: judging whether the satellite positioning state is effective or not when the atomic clock reference frequency is locked;
step 117: when the satellite positioning state is invalid, forbidding the input of the timed second pulse, and starting a timekeeping process;
step 118: when the satellite positioning state is effective, enabling time-service second pulses to be input, continuously and synchronously aligning the time-keeping second pulses to the time-service second pulses by the atomic clock, and simultaneously correcting internal parameters of the atomic clock to form aligned time-keeping second pulses;
step 119: one path of timekeeping second pulse is directly output outwards, the time code information of the perpetual calendar is updated according to the other path of timekeeping second pulse, and the perpetual calendar is accumulated for one second;
step 120: judging whether the chrono-second pulse is tamed or not, and starting a tame flow when the chrono-second pulse is not tamed;
step 121: when disciplining, the locking state of the atomic clock is set, the discipline state is effective, the fault state is no fault, and the state data is packaged and output.
The high-precision time-frequency reference generation method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping adopts an atomic clock timekeeping component as a unique reference time output source, and designs three channels including external satellite time service output, local atomic clock timekeeping fusion and reference signal output in the timekeeping component. The external satellite time service channel continuously sends a synchronous instruction to the local atomic clock time keeping channel, and the taming mode is started; after the local atomic clock timekeeping channel is locked by itself and successfully tamed, the local clock is adopted to continuously generate a time reference meeting the requirement; before the atomic clock is successfully domesticated, the signal output channel selects an equivalent external satellite time service channel meeting the system requirements as output, once the atomic clock is successfully domesticated, the signal output channel is automatically switched to a local atomic clock time service channel as output, the switching process and the domesticating process are carried out synchronously, and the connection error caused by hardware signal switching is avoided.
The method for generating the high-precision time-frequency reference based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to the embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 8. In FIG. 8, the taming workflow includes:
step 131: judging whether the reference frequency of the atomic clock is locked or not, and continuously judging if the reference frequency of the atomic clock is not locked;
step 132: sending a pulse per second continuous synchronization instruction and a time difference query instruction to an atomic clock during locking;
step 133: judging whether the continuous taming time reaches a threshold value;
step 134: judging whether the pulse-per-second phase difference is smaller than a threshold value when the duration reaches the threshold value;
step 135: when the pulse per second phase difference is smaller than the threshold value, setting the locking state and the tame state of the atomic clock to be effective, and packaging and outputting the state data when the fault state is no fault;
step 136: when the taming duration does not reach the threshold, emptying the taming count, setting the locking state of the atomic clock, setting the taming state to be invalid, and packaging and outputting the state data when the fault state is faulty;
step 137: and when the pulse per second phase difference is larger than the threshold value, setting the locking state of the atomic clock to be effective, the disciplining state to be ineffective, and the fault state to be fault, and packaging and outputting the state data.
According to the high-precision time-frequency reference generation method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping, the disciplined state is subjected to differentiation processing, and evaluation parameters of reference signal usability are formed and used as accurate evaluation of output signal usability.
The method for generating the high-precision time-frequency reference based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to the embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 9. In fig. 9, the time-keeping workflow includes:
step 141: one path of timekeeping second pulse of the atomic clock is directly output outwards, the time code information of the perpetual calendar is updated according to the other path of timekeeping second pulse, and the perpetual calendar is accumulated for one second;
step 142: continuously judging whether the reference frequency is tamed or not;
step 143: judging whether the reference frequency of the atomic clock is locked or not when the reference frequency is tamed;
step 144: when the reference frequency is tamed and locked, the locking state of the atomic clock is set, the tamed state is effective, the fault state is no fault, and the state data is packaged and output;
step 145: when the reference frequency is disciplined and unlocked, setting the locking state of the atomic clock, and the disciplined state is invalid, and the fault state is fault, and packaging and outputting the state data;
step 146: judging whether the reference frequency is locked or not when the reference frequency is not tamed;
step 147: clearing the taming and taming count when the reference frequency is not taminated and locked, setting the locking state of the atomic clock to be effective, setting the taming state to be ineffective, and packaging and outputting the state data when the fault state is fault-free;
step 148: clearing the taming counting when the reference frequency is not taminated and not locked, setting the locking state of the atomic clock, setting the taming state to be invalid, and packaging and outputting the state data when the fault state is fault.
According to the high-precision time-frequency reference generation method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping, the disciplined and locked states are continuously detected, and continuous evaluation parameters of availability of reference signals are formed to serve as reliability judgment bases of various timekeeping reference output signals.
In the method for generating a high-precision time-frequency reference based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock time keeping of an embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, a process of updating perpetual calendar time information by an atomic clock time keeping component according to time service time information and a time service second pulse signal includes:
firstly, receiving time service second pulse and time service time information to judge validity; the distinguishing process comprises the following steps:
calculating the time interval delta T of two second pulses by taking the corresponding time of the rising edge of the chronograph second pulse as a criterion and the timekeeping pulse as a reference, if 1s-3ms is less than delta T <1s +3ms, the chronograph second pulse is considered to be effective, otherwise, the chronograph second pulse formed by a local atomic clock is trusted;
when the time service second pulse is effective, extracting the latest time service time information before the time service second pulse, and converting the time, minutes and seconds in the latest time service time information into the current second number TS;
if the interval between the current second TS and the adjacent previous time service second is +1s or-59 s, the time service time information is judged to be valid, otherwise, the (timekeeping) time information formed by the local atomic clock is trusted.
Secondly, updating or correcting the timekeeping pulse and the timekeeping time information according to the effectiveness, and updating the time information of the perpetual calendar according to the timekeeping time information; the updating process comprises the following steps:
when the time service second pulse is effective, correcting a 10MHz pulse signal of the atomic clock;
when the time service second pulse and the time service time information are effective, 1s is added to the navigation time information of the previous period on the basis of the perpetual calendar, then the corresponding year, month, day, hour, minute and second are calculated, the time is taken, and meanwhile, a local millisecond counter is reset;
when the time service second pulse is valid and the time service time information is invalid, rounding the time keeping time information time of the atomic clock to an integer second (for example, 51s after 50.8s processing and 50s after 50.2s processing), resetting the local counter, and updating the current second TS according to the current time;
and when the time service second pulse is invalid, keeping time according to the 10MHz clock frequency of the atomic clock, and updating the current second TS in time.
The method for generating the high-precision time-frequency reference based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to the embodiment of the invention is described in FIG. 10. In fig. 10, in addition to the above-described embodiment, the process of correcting the atomic clock time keeping component from the time second pulse includes:
when the time service second pulse is effective, correcting a timekeeping 10MHz clock signal source, when the time service second pulse is generated at a low level of a timekeeping 10MHz signal, adjusting the timekeeping 10MHz signal, immediately generating a next clock rising edge, and showing that the timekeeping 10MHz signal generates more intensive 10MHz pulse when the time service second pulse arrives; when the time service second pulse is generated when the time keeping 10MHz signal is at high level, the time keeping 10MHz signal is immediately pulled down and forms a clock rising edge to generate the time keeping 10MHz pulse aligned with the time service second pulse, which is expressed as a wider 10MHz pulse, and the level pulling down and pulling up occur once in the middle.
By using the high-precision time-frequency reference generation method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock time keeping of the embodiment, the phase difference between an external satellite time service signal and a local atomic clock time keeping signal can be continuously provided, and when the phase difference exceeds 200ns, the atomic clock time keeping component fault is reported. When the loss of the time service signal is continuously judged to exceed 7 days, the accuracy of the time service signal is out of tolerance, and the time service is automatically started again. The technical advantages that the time service signal is used for correcting the time keeping signal, and the time keeping signal is continuously and reliably output and corrected in time are fully met.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A high-precision time-frequency reference generation device based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping is characterized by comprising the following components:
the satellite time service assembly is used for acquiring a time service signal of the navigation satellite to form time service time information and time service second pulse signal output;
the atomic clock time keeping component is used for adjusting the reference frequency of the CPT atomic clock according to the time service time information and the stability of the time service second pulse signal to form a time keeping pulse signal and time keeping time information to be output;
the time service power supply circuit is used for independently supplying power to the satellite time service assembly by utilizing a vehicle-mounted power supply;
and the time keeping power supply circuit is used for independently supplying power to the atomic clock time keeping component by utilizing the vehicle-mounted power supply.
2. The device for generating a high-precision time-frequency reference based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping as claimed in claim 1, wherein the timekeeping power supply circuit comprises:
the protection circuit is used for carrying out reverse connection protection, overcurrent protection, undervoltage protection and overvoltage protection on input current and outputting the input current within a rated range;
a first direct current conversion circuit for converting an input voltage into a 5V voltage and filtering an alternating current component;
the second direct current conversion circuit is used for converting the input voltage into 3.3V voltage and filtering harmonic components;
the protection circuit comprises a self-recovery fuse, a transient diode, a first MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor), a second MOSFET and a power protection controller, an input power line is divided into three branches after being connected with the self-recovery fuse in series, the first branch is connected with the transient diode in series and then grounded, the second branch is connected with a pin 5 of the power protection controller in series after being connected with a resistor R12, the third branch is connected with a drain electrode of the first MOSFET, a source electrode of the first MOSFET is connected with a source electrode of the second MOSFET, a drain electrode of the second MOSFET is connected with an output line, an electrolytic capacitor C14 and a capacitor C15 form a capacitor parallel circuit, and the positive end of the capacitor parallel circuit is connected with the other end of the output line and; the drain electrode of the second MOSFET is connected with a pin 7 of the power protection controller, the source electrodes of the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET are connected with a pin 8 of the power protection controller, a pin 4 of the power protection controller is grounded, a series resistor R17 is connected between a pin 3 and a pin 2 of the power protection controller, a series resistor R16 and a resistor R12 are connected between a pin 2 and a pin 5 of the power protection controller, and a series resistor R12 is connected between a pin 1 and a pin 5 of the power protection controller.
3. The device for generating a high-precision time-frequency reference based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping of claim 1, wherein the satellite time service component comprises:
the satellite antenna is used for receiving multi-frequency point satellite radio frequency signals by adopting master-slave setting;
the radio frequency cable is used for carrying out lossless transmission on the satellite radio frequency signal;
the multi-mode satellite positioning and orientation time service plate is used for carrying out frequency conversion, demodulation, PVT (physical vapor transport) and azimuth calculation and time sequence control processing on the original observation quantity information of the satellite to form a navigation signal and a time service signal, forming formatted time service data according to the navigation signal and the time service signal, setting a universal output interface to output the formatted time service data, and setting a universal input interface to input other time service data; the multimode satellite positioning and orientation time service plate comprises:
the satellite channel board is used for carrying out frequency conversion-despreading-demodulation on the received satellite radio frequency signal to form original satellite observation quantity information;
and the satellite processing board is used for carrying out PVT (physical vapor transport) calculation, time sequence control and azimuth calculation according to the original observed quantity information of the satellite to obtain a time service signal, and the time service signal is formatted and packaged into a standard format for output.
4. The apparatus for generating a high-precision time-frequency reference based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock time keeping according to claim 1, wherein the atomic clock time keeping component comprises:
the atomic clock module is used for receiving the time service second pulse signal and the control instruction, and forming an atomic clock second pulse signal and an atomic clock signal according to the control instruction by using the time service second pulse signal to output;
and the singlechip module is used for receiving external data to form a control instruction to enable the time service pulse-per-second signal to be forwarded, and forming perpetual calendar time information according to the internal and external time information and the atomic clock pulse-per-second signal.
5. The apparatus for generating a high precision time-frequency reference based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock time keeping of claim 5, wherein the atomic clock time keeping component comprises a phase correction circuit, the phase correction circuit comprising:
the exponential filter is used for filtering the phase difference between the punctual pulses and the time service sects to remove high-frequency components so as to form phase difference observation data;
the Kalman filter is used for obtaining a phase difference estimated value of the duty second pulse by utilizing the change of the phase difference observation data;
the PID controller is used for forming a frequency control parameter in the proportional integral derivative control process according to the estimated phase difference value and feeding the frequency control parameter back to the Kalman filter as feedback input;
and the CPT atomic clock frequency synthesizer is used for performing frequency taming on the reference frequency synthesis process by using the frequency control parameter and keeping the watch-time second pulse phase.
6. A high-precision time-frequency reference generation method based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and adjusting the reference frequency of the CPT atomic clock according to the time service time information and the stability of the time service second pulse signal to form a timekeeping pulse signal and timekeeping time information output.
7. The method for generating a high-precision time-frequency reference based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping of claim 6, further comprising:
powering on an atomic clock time keeping component;
outputting an initial time-keeping second pulse and setting the initial time of the perpetual calendar;
the atomic clock time keeping component receives state data of the satellite time service component;
judging whether the reference frequency of the atomic clock is locked or not;
enabling time-service second pulse input when the atomic clock reference frequency is unlocked, and performing single-time synchronization on the atomic clock to finish time-keeping second pulse to time-service second pulse alignment to form aligned time-keeping second pulses; one path of timekeeping second pulse is directly output outwards, the perpetual calendar time code information is updated according to the other path of timekeeping second pulse, the perpetual calendar is accumulated for one second, and meanwhile, the state data of the satellite time service assembly is continuously received;
judging whether the satellite positioning state is effective or not when the atomic clock reference frequency is locked; when the satellite positioning state is invalid, forbidding the input of the timed second pulse, and starting a timekeeping process; when the satellite positioning state is effective, enabling time-service second pulses to be input, continuously and synchronously aligning the time-keeping second pulses to the time-service second pulses by the atomic clock, and simultaneously correcting internal parameters of the atomic clock to form aligned time-keeping second pulses; one path of timekeeping second pulse is directly output outwards, the time code information of the perpetual calendar is updated according to the other path of timekeeping second pulse, and the perpetual calendar is accumulated for one second;
judging whether the chrono-second pulse is tamed or not, and starting a tame flow when the chrono-second pulse is not tamed;
when disciplining, the locking state of the atomic clock is set, the discipline state is effective, the fault state is no fault, and the state data is packaged and output.
8. The method for generating a high-precision time-frequency reference based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping as claimed in claim 6, further comprising a discipline workflow:
judging whether the reference frequency of the atomic clock is locked or not, and continuously judging if the reference frequency of the atomic clock is not locked;
sending a pulse per second continuous synchronization instruction and a time difference query instruction to an atomic clock during locking;
judging whether the continuous taming time reaches a threshold value;
judging whether the pulse-per-second phase difference is smaller than a threshold value when the duration reaches the threshold value;
when the pulse per second phase difference is smaller than the threshold value, setting the locking state and the tame state of the atomic clock to be effective, and packaging and outputting the state data when the fault state is no fault;
when the taming duration does not reach the threshold, emptying the taming count, setting the locking state of the atomic clock, setting the taming state to be invalid, and packaging and outputting the state data when the fault state is faulty;
when the pulse per second phase difference is larger than the threshold value, setting the locking state of the atomic clock to be effective, the disciplining state to be ineffective and the fault state to be fault, and packaging and outputting the state data;
the method also comprises a timekeeping workflow:
one path of timekeeping second pulse of the atomic clock is directly output outwards, the time code information of the perpetual calendar is updated according to the other path of timekeeping second pulse, and the perpetual calendar is accumulated for one second;
continuously judging whether the reference frequency is tamed or not;
judging whether the reference frequency of the atomic clock is locked or not when the reference frequency is tamed;
when the reference frequency is tamed and locked, the locking state of the atomic clock is set, the tamed state is effective, the fault state is no fault, and the state data is packaged and output;
when the reference frequency is disciplined and unlocked, setting the locking state of the atomic clock, and the disciplined state is invalid, and the fault state is fault, and packaging and outputting the state data;
judging whether the reference frequency is locked or not when the reference frequency is not tamed;
clearing the taming and taming count when the reference frequency is not taminated and locked, setting the locking state of the atomic clock to be effective, setting the taming state to be ineffective, and packaging and outputting the state data when the fault state is fault-free;
clearing the taming counting when the reference frequency is not taminated and not locked, setting the locking state of the atomic clock, setting the taming state to be invalid, and packaging and outputting the state data when the fault state is fault.
9. The method for generating a high-precision time-frequency reference based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping according to claim 6, further comprising a process for updating the perpetual calendar time information according to the time service time information and the time service second pulse signal, comprising:
receiving time service second pulse and time service time information to judge the effectiveness;
and updating or correcting the time keeping second pulse and the time keeping time information according to the effectiveness, and updating the time information of the perpetual calendar according to the time keeping time information.
10. The method for generating a high-precision time-frequency reference based on satellite time service and CPT atomic clock timekeeping of claim 9, wherein the correcting the timekeeping second pulse comprises:
when the time service second pulse is effective, correcting a timekeeping 10MHz clock signal source, when the time service second pulse is generated at a low level of a timekeeping 10MHz signal, adjusting the timekeeping 10MHz signal, and immediately generating a next clock rising edge; when the time service second pulse is generated when the high level of the time keeping 10MHz signal, the time keeping 10MHz signal is immediately pulled down and forms a clock rising edge to generate the time keeping 10MHz pulse aligned with the time service second pulse.
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| PCT/CN2021/114002 WO2022095552A1 (en) | 2020-11-05 | 2021-08-23 | Apparatus and method for generating time-frequency reference based on satellite timing and cpt atomic clock punctuality |
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| CN112147874B (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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