CN112147671A - Comprehensive advanced forecasting method for geological structure containing poor water diversion of tunnel - Google Patents
Comprehensive advanced forecasting method for geological structure containing poor water diversion of tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- G01V1/02—Generating seismic energy
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
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Abstract
The invention provides a comprehensive advanced forecasting method for a geological structure containing poor water diversion of a tunnel. Aiming at the stratum containing the unfavorable geological structure, the method adopts the steps of macroscopic geological prediction, remote prediction, close prediction and accurate prediction in tunnel construction, wherein the macroscopic geological prediction step comprises the following steps: qualitatively judging a development section containing a poor water-conducting geological structure through engineering geological survey analysis; the remote forecasting step comprises the following steps: identifying and positioning a geological structure containing poor water guide 100m in front of the tunnel face by a tunnel seismic CT imaging technology; the short-distance forecasting step comprises the following steps: acquiring three-dimensional positioning and water quantity estimation of a geological structure containing poor water guide 30m in front of a tunnel face through a geological radar; the accurate forecasting step comprises the following steps: and the lithology and underground water change in front of the tunnel face are judged through advanced geological drilling and accurate detection of drilling. The method has the advantages that the type, scale and position of the poor water guide structure in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel can be comprehensively mastered.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a comprehensive advanced forecasting method for a geological structure containing poor water guide of a tunnel, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction.
Background
The water and mud bursting disaster is the most dangerous geological disaster in tunnel construction, and the main reason for the water and mud bursting disaster is the existence of a geological structure containing poor water. Therefore, accurate detection of the structure containing water diversion is the key and difficult point of the advance geological forecast work of the tunnel. In order to comprehensively master the type, scale and position of the poor water guide structure in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel, a comprehensive advanced geological prediction technology is needed to be adopted to know and depict occurrence characteristics of the poor water guide structure from multiple aspects. Therefore, on the basis of the applicability analysis of various advanced geological prediction methods, a comprehensive advanced geological prediction technology of the poor water-containing geological structure of the water-inrush mud-inrush tunnel is provided according to the geological features of the poor water-containing geological structure of the tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to address at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. For example, an object of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive detection technique capable of comprehensively grasping the type, scale and position of a poor water-containing structure in front of a tunnel face.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a comprehensive advanced forecasting method for a geological structure containing poor water guide of a tunnel. Aiming at the stratum with bad geologic bodies, a large amount of underground water and mud bodies filled in the bad geologic bodies, hydraulic connection between the bad geologic bodies and surface water and underground rivers, and water inrush and mud outburst geological disasters in the excavation process, the method adopts a macroscopic geology forecasting step, a long-distance forecasting step, a short-distance forecasting step and an accurate forecasting step in tunnel construction, wherein the macroscopic geology forecasting step comprises the following steps: qualitatively judging a section containing poor water-conducting geological structure development by carrying out engineering geological survey and analysis on a tunnel construction area; the remote forecasting step comprises the following steps: identifying and positioning a geological structure containing poor water guide within 100m in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel by using a tunnel seismic CT imaging technology; the close-range forecasting step comprises the following steps: acquiring three-dimensional positioning and water quantity estimation of a geological structure containing poor water guide within 30m in front of a tunnel face by a geological radar method; the accurate forecasting step comprises the following steps: the lithology and underground water change conditions in front of the tunnel face are intuitively judged through advanced geological drilling and accurate detection of drill holes.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include a tunnel construction plan decision and excavation feedback step: and determining a construction scheme of the tunnel according to results of the macro geological forecasting step, the long-distance forecasting step, the short-distance forecasting step and the accurate forecasting step, and excavating the tunnel to verify the accuracy of the construction scheme.
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the step of qualitatively determining the section containing the development of the hydraulic poor geological structure may comprise:
the geological phenomena revealed on the tunnel face are mapped and recorded by a geological analysis method, and the geological conditions of the tunnel section with the excavated holes are utilized to forecast the unfavorable geologic body possibly appearing in front.
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the geological phenomena may include country lithology, structural facies occurrence and groundwater distribution status, and the unfavorable geologic bodies may include stratigraphic lithology, geological formations, groundwater and karst.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the step of identifying and locating the unfavorable water-conducting geological structure within 100m in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel through the tunnel seismic CT imaging technology may include: and (3) adopting a tunnel seismic CT imaging technology to qualitatively judge whether a geological structure containing poor water guide which is possibly filled or communicated with underground water exists in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel in a long distance manner, and roughly estimating the type, scale and position of the geological structure containing poor water guide.
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the water poor geological structure may include faults, caverns, fracture zones, underground rivers.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the step of obtaining three-dimensional localization and water volume estimation of the unfavorable water-containing geological structure within 30m in front of the tunnel face through geological radar may include: and a geological radar is adopted to accurately obtain the three-dimensional space position and occurrence form of the geological structure containing poor water guide, and the filling water quantity of the geological radar is estimated, so that guidance is provided for the decision of a tunnel construction scheme.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the step of visually judging the lithology and groundwater change condition in front of the tunnel face through advanced geological drilling and accurate detection of a borehole may include: and horizontally drilling towards the front of the palm surface by using drilling equipment, and predicting the poor geologic body in front of the palm surface according to the change of the drilling speed and the water return conditions of the core and the drill hole.
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the geological radar method transmits high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the front of the palm sub-surface through the transmitting antenna, the electromagnetic waves are reflected when encountering an electrical difference interface, and reflected signals are received and recorded by the receiving antenna to obtain a radar profile.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention can be included in the following contents:
according to the comprehensive advanced geological prediction technology for the water-flowing poor geological structure of the water-flowing mud-bursting tunnel, disclosed by the invention, through the macro geological prediction step, the long-distance prediction step, the short-distance prediction step and the precise prediction step, the progressive prediction and detection of the water-flowing poor geological structure in front of the tunnel face from unknown to known, from rough to precise and from qualitative to quantitative are realized, the type, scale and accurate position of the water-flowing poor geological structure can be comprehensively described and depicted, the accuracy of the advanced geological prediction of the tunnel is improved, and the technical guarantee is provided for the safe construction of the water-flowing mud-bursting tunnel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a process flow diagram of a comprehensive look-ahead method for tunnel containment of poor water conducting geological formations according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the tunnel seismic CT imaging technique of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the geological radar detection technique of FIG. 1.
The reference numerals are explained below:
1-seismic recorder, 2-excitation shot, 3-seismic wave, 4-fault, 5-tunnel, 6-tunnel face, 7-anomalous body, 8-transmitting antenna, 9-receiving antenna and 10-electromagnetic wave.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the comprehensive advanced forecasting method for the tunnel geological structure containing poor water flowing will be described in detail by combining the attached drawings and the exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 1 illustrates a process flow diagram of a comprehensive look-ahead method for tunnel containment of poor water conducting geological formations according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the tunnel seismic CT imaging technique of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the geological radar detection technique of FIG. 1.
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a comprehensive advanced forecasting method for a geological structure with poor water guide of a tunnel aims at a stratum with a water inrush and mud inrush geological disaster in the process of excavation, wherein the stratum has poor geologic bodies, is filled with a large amount of underground water and mud bodies and has hydraulic connection with surface water and underground rivers, and a macroscopic geological forecasting step, a long-distance forecasting step, a short-distance forecasting step and an accurate forecasting step are adopted in tunnel construction. Specifically, the water inrush and mud inrush disasters of the tunnel often occur because the stratum in front of the tunnel face has bad geologic bodies such as faults, broken zones, karst caves and the like, and the bad geologic bodies are filled with a large amount of underground water and mud bodies, which are often in hydraulic connection with surface water and underground rivers, so that the water inrush and mud inrush geological disasters easily occur in the tunnel excavation process. Water-bursting and mud-bursting disasters can be divided into fracture type, fault type, karst cave and cavity type and dark river type. Small-scale water gushes about tens of cubes per hour, medium-scale water gushes about hundreds of cubes per hour, and large-scale water gushes up to thousands of cubes per hour. As shown in figure 1, the comprehensive advanced forecasting method for the geological structure containing poor water conductivity of the tunnel comprises four stages of a macroscopic geological forecasting step, a remote forecasting step, a close distance forecasting step and an accurate forecasting step. The advanced forecasting and detection of the poor geological structure containing water diversion in front of the tunnel face from unknown to known, from rough to precise and from qualitative to quantitative are gradually realized through the four stages, so that the type, scale and accurate position of the geological abnormal body containing water diversion are comprehensively described and depicted, the accuracy of the advanced geological forecasting of the tunnel is improved, and the technical guarantee and basis are provided for the safe construction of the water-bursting and mud-bursting tunnel.
The step of macroscopic geology forecasting comprises the following steps: and qualitatively judging the section containing the development of the poor water-conducting geological structure by carrying out engineering geological survey and analysis on the tunnel construction area. The step of qualitatively judging the section containing the development of the unfavorable water-flowing geological structure can comprise the following steps of: the geological phenomena revealed on the tunnel face are mapped and recorded by a geological analysis method, and the geological conditions of the tunnel section with the excavated holes are utilized to forecast the unfavorable geologic body possibly appearing in front. The geological phenomena may include country lithology, structural facies occurrence, and groundwater distribution status, and the unfavorable geologic bodies may include stratigraphic lithology, geological formations, groundwater, and karst. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in the I-stage: by adopting a geological analysis method, the type and the occurrence possibility of the geological structure containing poor water conductivity are macroscopically predicted through engineering geological investigation and analysis, and a foundation is laid for subsequent geophysical exploration. The geological analysis method is also called geological sketch method, which is to survey and record the geological phenomena of surrounding rock lithology, structural surface occurrence, underground water distribution state and the like exposed on the tunnel face and predict the possible bad geologic bodies in front of the tunnel face by using the geological conditions of the tunnel section with holes.
The remote forecasting step comprises the following steps: and identifying and positioning the geological structure containing poor water guide within 100m in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel by using a tunnel seismic CT imaging technology. The step of identifying and positioning the geological structure containing poor water guide within 100m in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel by the tunnel seismic CT imaging technology can comprise the following steps of: and (3) adopting a tunnel seismic CT imaging technology to qualitatively judge whether a geological structure containing poor water guide which is possibly filled or communicated with underground water exists in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel in a long distance manner, and roughly estimating the type, scale and position of the geological structure containing poor water guide. The geological structure containing poor water diversion can comprise a fault, a karst cave, a broken zone and a river. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in phase II: and (3) adopting a tunnel seismic CT imaging technology (TST technology for short) to qualitatively judge whether unfavorable geological structures such as faults, karst caves and the like which are possibly filled with or communicated with underground water exist in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel in a long distance manner, and roughly estimating the type, scale and position of the unfavorable geological structures containing water. As shown in fig. 2, excitation shots 2 of the tunnel seismic CT imaging technology are arranged in a two-dimensional array mode, the excitation shots 2 and the seismic recorder 1 are arranged on the same plane, seismic waves 3 are generated through the excitation shots 2, the seismic waves 3 are transmitted forwards and meet a fault 4 to be reflected back, and the seismic recorder 1 detects the reflected seismic waves 3. In order to avoid the interference of sound waves and surface waves, the earthquake recorder 1 can be buried in the rock mass by 1.5-2 m during observation. The data acquisition adopts a multi-channel high-precision seismograph, interference of lateral waves and surface waves is firstly filtered during data processing, then longitudinal and transverse wave separation and surrounding rock velocity scanning analysis are carried out, and finally migration imaging of geological structures is carried out.
The close-range forecasting step comprises the following steps: and acquiring three-dimensional positioning and water quantity estimation of a geological structure containing poor water guide within 30m in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel by using a geological radar. The three-dimensional positioning and water quantity estimation step of acquiring the geological structure containing poor water guide within 30m in front of the tunnel face through the geological radar can comprise the following steps of: and a geological radar is adopted to accurately obtain the three-dimensional space position and occurrence form of the geological structure containing poor water guide, and the filling water quantity of the geological radar is estimated, so that guidance is provided for the decision of a tunnel construction scheme. The geological radar method transmits high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the front of the palm sub-surface through the transmitting antenna, the electromagnetic waves are reflected when encountering an electrical property difference interface, and reflected signals are received and recorded by the receiving antenna to obtain a radar profile. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in stage III: and a geological radar method is adopted to accurately obtain the three-dimensional space position and occurrence form of the geological structure containing poor water guide, and the filling water quantity of the geological structure is estimated, so that guidance is provided for the decision of a tunnel construction scheme. As shown in fig. 3, the geological radar method transmits a high-frequency electromagnetic wave 10 to the front of the tunnel face 6 through a transmitting antenna 8, the electromagnetic wave 10 is reflected when encountering an abnormal body 7 with an electrical difference interface, the reflected signal is received and recorded by a receiving antenna 9, a radar cross-section is formed through corresponding data processing, and the spatial position or structural characteristics of a poor geologic body in front of the tunnel face 6 of the tunnel 5 can be determined through effective data analysis and processing.
The accurate forecasting step comprises the following steps: the lithology and underground water change conditions in front of the tunnel face are intuitively judged through advanced geological drilling and accurate detection of drill holes. Through advance geological drilling and drilling accurate detection, judge directly perceivedly face place ahead lithology and groundwater situation of change step can include: and horizontally drilling towards the front of the palm surface by using drilling equipment, and predicting the poor geologic body in front of the palm surface according to the change of the drilling speed and the water return conditions of the core and the drill hole. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, at stage IV: the conditions such as lithology in front of the tunnel face, underground water change and the like are judged more intuitively by adopting advanced geological drilling and accurate detection of drilling. The drilling equipment is utilized to horizontally drill towards the front of the palm surface, and bad geologic bodies such as the lithology, the geological structure, underground water, karst and the like of the stratum in front of the palm surface are predicted according to the change of the drilling speed, the rock core (rock debris) and the backwater condition (flushing fluid color, smell and the like) of the drill hole, so that the general geological condition of the surrounding rock is intuitively reflected.
In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include the step of tunnel construction scheme decision and excavation feedback based on the above embodiment: and determining a construction scheme of the tunnel according to results of the macro geological forecasting step, the long-distance forecasting step, the short-distance forecasting step and the accurate forecasting step, and excavating the tunnel to verify the accuracy of the construction scheme. Specifically, under the condition of verifying the accuracy of the construction scheme, construction is carried out according to the construction scheme; and under the condition of verifying that the construction scheme is inaccurate, the construction scheme can be adjusted according to the excavation result.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the invention include the following:
according to the comprehensive advanced geological prediction technology for the water-flowing poor geological structure of the water-flowing mud-bursting tunnel, disclosed by the invention, through the macro geological prediction step, the long-distance prediction step, the short-distance prediction step and the precise prediction step, the progressive prediction and detection of the water-flowing poor geological structure in front of the tunnel face from unknown to known, from rough to precise and from qualitative to quantitative are realized, the type, scale and accurate position of the water-flowing poor geological structure can be comprehensively described and depicted, the accuracy of the advanced geological prediction of the tunnel is improved, and the technical guarantee is provided for the safe construction of the water-flowing mud-bursting tunnel.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with the exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A comprehensive advanced forecasting method for a tunnel geological structure containing poor water guide is characterized in that a macroscopic geological forecasting step, a remote forecasting step, a close-range forecasting step and an accurate forecasting step are adopted in tunnel construction aiming at a stratum with poor geological bodies, a large amount of underground water and mud bodies are filled in the poor geological bodies, hydraulic connection exists between the poor geological bodies and surface water and underground rivers, and a stratum with water inrush and mud inrush geological disasters occurs in the excavation process, wherein,
the step of macroscopic geology forecasting comprises the following steps: qualitatively judging a section containing poor water-conducting geological structure development by carrying out engineering geological survey and analysis on a tunnel construction area;
the remote forecasting step comprises the following steps: identifying and positioning a geological structure containing poor water guide within 100m in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel by using a tunnel seismic CT imaging technology;
the close-range forecasting step comprises the following steps: acquiring three-dimensional positioning and water quantity estimation of a geological structure containing poor water guide within 30m in front of a tunnel face by a geological radar method;
the accurate forecasting step comprises the following steps: the lithology and underground water change conditions in front of the tunnel face are intuitively judged through advanced geological drilling and accurate detection of drill holes.
2. The comprehensive advanced forecasting method for the geological structure containing poor water conductivity of the tunnel according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the following steps of tunnel construction scheme decision making and excavation feedback:
and determining a construction scheme of the tunnel according to results of the macro geological forecasting step, the long-distance forecasting step, the short-distance forecasting step and the accurate forecasting step, and excavating the tunnel to verify the accuracy of the construction scheme.
3. The comprehensive advanced forecasting method for the geologic structure containing poor water diversion of the tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the step of qualitatively judging the section containing poor water diversion comprises:
the geological phenomena revealed on the tunnel face are mapped and recorded by a geological analysis method, and the geological conditions of the tunnel section with the excavated holes are utilized to forecast the unfavorable geologic body possibly appearing in front.
4. The comprehensive advanced forecasting method for the geological structure containing poor water in the tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that the geological phenomena comprise surrounding rock lithology, structural plane attitude and underground water distribution state, and the poor geological bodies comprise stratum lithology, geological structure, underground water and karst.
5. The comprehensive advanced forecasting method for the geological structure containing poor water diversion of the tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the step of identifying and positioning the geological structure containing poor water diversion within 100m in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel by using a tunnel seismic CT imaging technology comprises the following steps of:
and (3) adopting a tunnel seismic CT imaging technology to qualitatively judge whether a geological structure containing poor water guide which is possibly filled or communicated with underground water exists in front of the tunnel face of the tunnel in a long distance manner, and roughly estimating the type, scale and position of the geological structure containing poor water guide.
6. The comprehensive advanced forecasting method for the geological structure containing poor water diversion of the tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the geological structure containing poor water diversion comprises faults, karst caves, broken zones and underground rivers.
7. The comprehensive advanced forecasting method for the geological structure containing the poor water diversion of the tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional positioning and water quantity estimation step of acquiring the geological structure containing the poor water diversion within 30m in front of the tunnel face through a geological radar comprises the following steps:
and a geological radar is adopted to accurately obtain the three-dimensional space position and occurrence form of the geological structure containing poor water guide, and the filling water quantity of the geological radar is estimated, so that guidance is provided for the decision of a tunnel construction scheme.
8. The comprehensive advanced forecasting method for the geological structure containing poor water conductivity of the tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of intuitively judging the lithology in front of the tunnel face and the change condition of underground water through advanced geological drilling and accurate detection of drill holes comprises the following steps:
and horizontally drilling towards the front of the palm surface by using drilling equipment, and predicting the poor geologic body in front of the palm surface according to the change of the drilling speed and the water return conditions of the core and the drill hole.
9. The comprehensive advanced forecasting method for the geological structure containing the poor water in the tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that the geological radar method transmits high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the front of the palm sub-surface through a transmitting antenna, the electromagnetic waves are reflected when meeting an electrical difference interface, and reflected signals are received and recorded by a receiving antenna to obtain a radar profile.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN113431629A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-24 | 山东大学 | Device and method for distinguishing water guide channel in tunnel solution cavity |
| CN113626922A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Geological radar-based method for predicting water inflow of tunnel roof water-rich area structure |
| CN113738448A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Mining rock mass seepage and water inrush near-far multisource grading information intelligent monitoring and early warning method |
| CN113779690A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2021-12-10 | 山东大学 | Advanced geological prediction method and system based on while-drilling sensing |
| CN113981938A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-01-28 | 贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司 | Method for preventing road surface from sinking in construction of karst mountain urban underground engineering |
| CN115793672A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-03-14 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Three-dimensional intelligent detection robot and detection method thereof |
| WO2024083262A1 (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2024-04-25 | 山东大学 | Space-sky-ground-tunnel-hole integrated unfavorable geology identification method and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112835123A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-05-25 | 浙江华东建设工程有限公司 | Rapid advance geological prediction method for underground engineering |
| CN112835123B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-06-21 | 浙江华东建设工程有限公司 | Rapid advance geological prediction method for underground engineering |
| CN113431629A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-24 | 山东大学 | Device and method for distinguishing water guide channel in tunnel solution cavity |
| CN113626922A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Geological radar-based method for predicting water inflow of tunnel roof water-rich area structure |
| CN113626922B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2023-07-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Tunnel roof water-rich region structure water inflow prediction method based on geological radar |
| CN113738448A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Mining rock mass seepage and water inrush near-far multisource grading information intelligent monitoring and early warning method |
| CN113779690A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2021-12-10 | 山东大学 | Advanced geological prediction method and system based on while-drilling sensing |
| CN113981938A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-01-28 | 贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司 | Method for preventing road surface from sinking in construction of karst mountain urban underground engineering |
| WO2024083262A1 (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2024-04-25 | 山东大学 | Space-sky-ground-tunnel-hole integrated unfavorable geology identification method and system |
| CN115793672A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-03-14 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Three-dimensional intelligent detection robot and detection method thereof |
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