CN112147218A - Air coupling ultrasonic detection method for vertical honeycomb splicing interface - Google Patents
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- CN112147218A CN112147218A CN201910578219.2A CN201910578219A CN112147218A CN 112147218 A CN112147218 A CN 112147218A CN 201910578219 A CN201910578219 A CN 201910578219A CN 112147218 A CN112147218 A CN 112147218A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N29/28—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details providing acoustic coupling, e.g. water
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an air coupling ultrasonic detection method for a vertical honeycomb splicing interface, which comprises the following steps: vertically splicing the multilayer honeycomb structure; paving a layer of removable skin on the upper surface and the lower surface of the obtained multilayer honeycomb structure; carrying out primary curing treatment on the multilayer honeycomb structure paved with the removable skin; carrying out air coupling ultrasonic detection on the multi-layer honeycomb structure after primary curing, and detecting whether all honeycomb splicing interfaces are debonded; if all honeycomb splicing interfaces do not have debonding defects, tearing off the removable skins on the upper and lower surfaces of the multilayer honeycomb structure; and adhering surface skins on the upper surface and the lower surface of the multilayer honeycomb structure, and carrying out secondary curing on the multilayer honeycomb structure adhered with the surface skins to obtain the vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb structure part. The vertical honeycomb splicing interface air coupling ultrasonic detection method is high in detection accuracy, can ensure the quality of vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure parts, and ensures the safety and reliability of product manufacture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular to an air coupling ultrasonic testing method for a vertical honeycomb splicing interface.
Background
With the rapid development of the industry for manufacturing large civil aircraft in China, the structural forms of the aircraft parts are becoming more and more diversified and complicated. For example, most of common composite honeycomb sandwich structures are single-layer honeycomb sandwich structures, and with the continuous emergence of new structures in new processes, composite materials of vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb sandwich structures are applied to parts of large passenger planes. The vertically-spliced multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure is completed by two-time curing, taking a three-layer honeycomb sandwich structure as an example, the three-layer honeycomb sandwich structure is longitudinally spliced by using an adhesive film in the vertical height direction of the honeycomb for the first time, the surface of the part of the three-layer honeycomb structure obtained by curing is a honeycomb, the surface of the part is not provided with skin, and the part of the three-layer honeycomb structure is obtained by bonding three bonded honeycombs with upper and lower skins through the second curing.
For the multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure in the final state after twice curing, due to the fact that the multilayer honeycomb is spliced and the surface skin is bonded, the total height of the honeycomb is increased, the number of bonding interfaces is increased, the structure is complicated, and therefore a conventional ultrasonic C scanning signal is difficult to penetrate through or the penetrating signal is too weak to detect the structure or the detection effect is poor, meanwhile, diffraction phenomenon of an ultrasonic sound beam in the transmission process can occur, so that the defect detection on the honeycomb splicing interface is more obvious, and the effect is worse. Therefore, the accuracy of detecting the defects of the multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure part by adopting the conventional water spray penetration type air coupling ultrasonic detection method is low, the quality of the multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure part cannot be ensured, and the subsequent manufacturing risk is increased.
In order to improve the accuracy of defect detection of the multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure, the defect detection of the multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure after one-time curing is required. However, the multi-layer honeycomb sandwich structure after primary curing has no surface skin, and the upper and lower layers of honeycombs are directly exposed outside, so that water spraying penetration C scanning cannot be performed. Therefore, an air coupling ultrasonic detection method is generally adopted to detect the defects of the multi-layer honeycomb sandwich structure after primary curing. However, the air coupling ultrasonic detection method cannot detect the debonding defect of the surface honeycomb, and the technical problem that the detection result is also inaccurate exists. The specific reasons are as follows:
the air coupling ultrasonic detection is different from the conventional ultrasonic detection in that a transmitting probe transmits the transmitted ultrasonic waves into a part by means of air propagation, and a receiving probe receives the ultrasonic waves transmitted out of the part by means of air. Taking a three-layer honeycomb splicing structure as an example, the surface of a multi-layer honeycomb sandwich structure obtained by one-step curing is not provided with a skin, a honeycomb is exposed outside, when defect detection is carried out on the honeycomb by adopting an air coupling ultrasonic detection method, the main propagation path of sound waves under the condition of no debonding defect is that an upper layer honeycomb area is propagated by air, a middle layer honeycomb area is propagated by a honeycomb wall, and a lower layer honeycomb area is propagated by air. If the middle layer honeycomb has debonding defects, the debonding position forms a cavity, and the air layer obstructs the bonding surface and the honeycomb wall of the middle layer, so that ultrasonic signals cannot be transmitted through the honeycomb wall of the middle layer, the receiving probe cannot receive the ultrasonic signals, the ultrasonic signals are different from peripheral excellent area signals, and the defect signals of the air layer can be displayed; if the surface honeycomb has debonding defects, the cavity at the debonding position is located on the surface of the honeycomb, and the ultrasonic waves emitted by the transmitting probe are propagated by air, so that even if an air layer is formed on the surface honeycomb and the bonding surface, the normal propagation of the ultrasonic waves is not influenced, the receiving probe can normally receive ultrasonic signals which are consistent with peripheral excellent area signals, and the defect signals of the air layer cannot be displayed. Therefore, the detection result of the air coupling ultrasonic detection of the multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure obtained by one-time curing is also inaccurate.
In conclusion, the technical problems that the quality of parts with a multi-layer honeycomb sandwich structure cannot be guaranteed and the subsequent manufacturing risk is increased due to the fact that the detection accuracy of defects of the vertical honeycomb splicing interface is low in the prior art exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vertical honeycomb splicing interface air coupling ultrasonic detection method with high detection accuracy, which can improve the accuracy of defect detection of the vertical honeycomb splicing interface, ensure the quality of vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure parts and ensure the safety and reliability of product manufacture.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a vertical honeycomb splicing interface air coupling ultrasonic detection method comprises the following steps:
vertically splicing the multilayer honeycomb structure;
paving a layer of removable skin on the upper surface and the lower surface of the obtained multilayer honeycomb structure;
carrying out primary curing treatment on the multilayer honeycomb structure paved with the removable skin;
carrying out air coupling ultrasonic detection on the multi-layer honeycomb structure after primary curing, and detecting whether all honeycomb splicing interfaces are debonded;
if all honeycomb splicing interfaces do not have debonding defects, tearing off the removable skins on the upper and lower surfaces of the multilayer honeycomb structure;
and adhering surface skins on the upper surface and the lower surface of the multilayer honeycomb structure, and carrying out secondary curing treatment on the multilayer honeycomb structure adhered with the surface skins to obtain the vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb structure part.
In one embodiment, after the step of performing air-coupled ultrasonic detection on the once-cured multilayer honeycomb structure and detecting whether all honeycomb splicing interfaces are debonded, the method further includes: and if the honeycomb splicing interface has debonding defects, tearing off the removable skins on the upper surface and the lower surface of the multilayer honeycomb structure to repair the defects of the multilayer honeycomb structure.
In one embodiment, after the step of adhering the surface skins to the upper and lower surfaces of the multi-layer honeycomb structure and performing the second curing process on the multi-layer honeycomb structure with the surface skins adhered thereto to obtain the vertically-spliced multi-layer honeycomb structure part, the method further includes: and carrying out air coupling ultrasonic detection on the multi-layer honeycomb structural part subjected to secondary curing, and detecting whether all honeycomb splicing interfaces are debonded.
In one embodiment, the removable skin is made of removable cloth.
In one embodiment, the pleatable cloth is a wet pleatable cloth.
In one embodiment, the removable skin is made of release cloth with glue.
In one embodiment, the multilayer honeycomb structure is a three-layer honeycomb structure.
In one embodiment, the curing process comprises a thermal compression curing process or a high temperature curing process.
According to the vertical honeycomb splicing interface air coupling ultrasonic detection method, a layer of wet strippable skin is bonded on the upper surface and the lower surface of a vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb structure before primary curing, at the moment, surface honeycombs are not exposed outside any more, when air coupling ultrasonic detection is adopted, ultrasonic waves are propagated to the strippable skin on the surfaces of the honeycombs through air and are not propagated along the air, but are continuously propagated downwards through honeycomb walls bonded with the strippable skin, at the moment, if the surface layer honeycombs are debonded, the honeycombs at the debonding position are not connected with a glue film, so that the ultrasonic waves propagated from the honeycomb walls cannot be continuously transmitted, a receiving probe cannot receive ultrasonic signals at the position and forms difference with peripheral excellent area signals, and thus defect signals of a debonded air layer of the surface layer honeycombs can be displayed to realize detectability. And after detection, the removable skin bonded on the surface of the honeycomb can be torn off, the original honeycomb exposed state can be recovered, and the bonding of the skin on the surface of the secondary curing surface is not influenced. Meanwhile, compared with the state that the surface skin is bonded after secondary curing, the honeycomb surface after sequential curing only has one layer of removable skin, the part is relatively thin, the attenuation is small during ultrasonic detection, the detection difficulty is small, and the detection precision is high. Experiments prove that the vertical honeycomb splicing interface air coupling ultrasonic detection method can detect the debonding defects of all splicing interfaces of the vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure, and does not affect the secondary curing and bonding of parts to surface skins.
The vertical honeycomb splicing interface air coupling ultrasonic detection method can accurately detect the debonding defects of all splicing interfaces of the vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb structure after one-time curing, has high detection accuracy, can ensure the quality of the vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure parts, and ensures the safety and reliability of product manufacture.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for air-coupled ultrasonic inspection of a vertical honeycomb splice interface in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of an air-coupled ultrasonic detection method for a vertical honeycomb splicing interface includes the following steps:
step S11: and vertically splicing the multilayer honeycomb structure.
Specifically, the multilayer honeycomb structure is vertically spliced according to the part laying requirements, and in one embodiment, the multilayer honeycomb structure is a three-layer honeycomb structure.
Step S12: and paving a layer of removable skin on the upper surface and the lower surface of the obtained multilayer honeycomb structure.
In particular, the release skin may be torn off after curing, in one embodiment the release skin is made of a removable cloth, in particular a wet removable cloth. In another embodiment, the release sheet is made of a release cloth with glue.
Step S13: and carrying out primary curing treatment on the multilayer honeycomb structure paved with the removable skin.
Specifically, the first curing treatment is performed according to a part curing system, the curing treatment includes a hot-pressing curing treatment or a high-temperature curing treatment, and the specific curing treatment process is selected according to material characteristics, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
Step S14: and carrying out air coupling ultrasonic detection on the multi-layer honeycomb structure after primary curing, and detecting whether all honeycomb splicing interfaces are debonded. The specific detection process and principle of air-coupled ultrasonic detection are the prior art and are not described herein.
Step S15: and if all honeycomb splicing interfaces do not have debonding defects, tearing off the removable skins on the upper surface and the lower surface of the multilayer honeycomb structure, and then performing step S16.
Step S16: and adhering surface skins on the upper surface and the lower surface of the multilayer honeycomb structure, and carrying out secondary curing on the multilayer honeycomb structure adhered with the surface skins to obtain the vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb structure part.
And specifically, carrying out secondary curing treatment according to a part paving and pasting curing system, wherein the curing treatment comprises hot-pressing curing treatment or high-temperature curing treatment.
According to the vertical honeycomb splicing interface air coupling ultrasonic detection method, a layer of wet strippable skin is bonded on the upper surface and the lower surface of a vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb structure before primary curing, at the moment, surface honeycombs are not exposed outside any more, when air coupling ultrasonic detection is adopted, ultrasonic waves are propagated to the strippable skin on the surfaces of the honeycombs through air and are not propagated along the air, but are continuously propagated downwards through honeycomb walls bonded with the strippable skin, at the moment, if the surface layer honeycombs are debonded, the honeycombs at the debonding position are not connected with a glue film, so that the ultrasonic waves propagated from the honeycomb walls cannot be continuously transmitted, a receiving probe cannot receive ultrasonic signals at the position and forms difference with peripheral excellent area signals, and thus defect signals of a debonded air layer of the surface layer honeycombs can be displayed to realize detectability. And after detection, the removable skin bonded on the surface of the honeycomb can be torn off, the original honeycomb exposed state can be recovered, and the bonding of the skin on the surface of the secondary curing surface is not influenced. Meanwhile, compared with the state that the surface skin is bonded after secondary curing, the honeycomb surface after sequential curing only has one layer of removable skin, the part is relatively thin, the attenuation is small during ultrasonic detection, the detection difficulty is small, and the detection precision is high. Experiments prove that the vertical honeycomb splicing interface air coupling ultrasonic detection method can detect the debonding defects of all splicing interfaces of the vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure, and does not affect the secondary curing and bonding of parts to surface skins.
In one embodiment, step S14 is followed by: and if the honeycomb splicing interface has debonding defects, tearing off the removable skins on the upper surface and the lower surface of the multilayer honeycomb structure to repair the defects of the multilayer honeycomb structure. Further, repeating the steps S11 to S14 after the repair is completed, and executing the steps S15 to S16 until all honeycomb splicing interfaces have no debonding defect, so as to ensure the quality of the multilayer honeycomb structural part.
In one embodiment, step S16 is followed by the following steps:
step S17: and carrying out air coupling ultrasonic detection on the multi-layer honeycomb structural part subjected to secondary curing, and detecting whether all honeycomb splicing interfaces are debonded. Specifically, air coupling ultrasonic detection is carried out on the multi-layer honeycomb structure part subjected to secondary curing so as to ensure the quality of the multi-layer honeycomb structure part, and if the debonding defect does not exist in all honeycomb splicing interfaces, subsequent manufacturing procedures are carried out, so that the safety and reliability of product manufacturing are ensured.
The vertical honeycomb splicing interface air coupling ultrasonic detection method can accurately detect the debonding defects of all splicing interfaces of the vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb structure after one-time curing, has high detection accuracy, can ensure the quality of the vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure parts, and ensures the safety and reliability of product manufacture.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A vertical honeycomb splicing interface air coupling ultrasonic detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
vertically splicing the multilayer honeycomb structure;
paving a layer of removable skin on the upper surface and the lower surface of the obtained multilayer honeycomb structure;
carrying out primary curing treatment on the multilayer honeycomb structure paved with the removable skin;
carrying out air coupling ultrasonic detection on the multi-layer honeycomb structure after primary curing, and detecting whether all honeycomb splicing interfaces are debonded;
if all honeycomb splicing interfaces do not have debonding defects, tearing off the removable skins on the upper and lower surfaces of the multilayer honeycomb structure;
and adhering surface skins on the upper surface and the lower surface of the multilayer honeycomb structure, and carrying out secondary curing treatment on the multilayer honeycomb structure adhered with the surface skins to obtain the vertically spliced multilayer honeycomb structure part.
2. The air-coupled ultrasonic detection method for the vertical honeycomb splicing interface according to claim 1, wherein after the step of performing air-coupled ultrasonic detection on the once-cured multilayer honeycomb structure and detecting whether all honeycomb splicing interfaces are debonded, the method further comprises:
and if the honeycomb splicing interface has debonding defects, tearing off the removable skins on the upper surface and the lower surface of the multilayer honeycomb structure to repair the defects of the multilayer honeycomb structure.
3. The air-coupled ultrasonic testing method for the vertical honeycomb splicing interface according to claim 1 or 2, wherein after the step of attaching surface skins to the upper and lower surfaces of the multi-layer honeycomb structure and performing the second curing process on the multi-layer honeycomb structure with the surface skins attached thereto to obtain the vertically spliced multi-layer honeycomb structure part, the method further comprises:
and carrying out air coupling ultrasonic detection on the multi-layer honeycomb structural part subjected to secondary curing, and detecting whether all honeycomb splicing interfaces are debonded.
4. The air-coupled ultrasonic detection method for the vertical honeycomb splicing interface according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the removable skin is made of removable cloth.
5. The vertical honeycomb splicing interface air-coupled ultrasonic testing method of claim 4, wherein the dialable cloth is a wet dialable cloth.
6. The air-coupled ultrasonic detection method for the vertical honeycomb splicing interface according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the strippable skin is made of a release cloth with glue.
7. The vertical honeycomb splicing interface air-coupled ultrasonic detection method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the multilayer honeycomb structure is a three-layer honeycomb structure.
8. The air-coupled ultrasonic detection method for the vertical honeycomb splicing interface according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the curing process comprises a hot-pressing curing process or a high-temperature curing process.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110658260A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-07 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Phased array ultrasonic detection system and method for additive manufacturing lattice structure skin and lattice endpoint unconnected defect |
| CN114166938A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-03-11 | 安徽佳力奇先进复合材料科技股份公司 | Aramid paper honeycomb internal quality detection method |
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