CN112145549A - Rotating mechanism, speed reducer, and method for manufacturing rotating mechanism - Google Patents

Rotating mechanism, speed reducer, and method for manufacturing rotating mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112145549A
CN112145549A CN202010448683.2A CN202010448683A CN112145549A CN 112145549 A CN112145549 A CN 112145549A CN 202010448683 A CN202010448683 A CN 202010448683A CN 112145549 A CN112145549 A CN 112145549A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
supported
outer ring
retainer
ring
housing
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Pending
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CN202010448683.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
古田和哉
前田和彦
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Nabtesco Corp
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Nabtesco Corp
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Publication of CN112145549A publication Critical patent/CN112145549A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/4617—Massive or moulded cages having cage pockets surrounding the rollers, e.g. machined window cages
    • F16C33/4623—Massive or moulded cages having cage pockets surrounding the rollers, e.g. machined window cages formed as one-piece cages, i.e. monoblock cages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/581—Raceways; Race rings integral with other parts, e.g. with housings or machine elements such as shafts or gear wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
    • F16C33/585—Details of specific parts of races of raceways, e.g. ribs to guide the rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • F16C33/783—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the mounting region
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/063—Fixing them on the shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/067—Fixing them in a housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3204—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F16C19/541—Systems consisting of juxtaposed rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
    • F16C19/542—Systems consisting of juxtaposed rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two rolling bearings with angular contact
    • F16C19/543—Systems consisting of juxtaposed rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two rolling bearings with angular contact in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F16C19/546—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/61—Toothed gear systems, e.g. support of pinion shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/65—Gear shifting, change speed gear, gear box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear

Abstract

The invention provides a rotating mechanism, a reducer, and a method of manufacturing the rotating mechanism. The rotating mechanism is provided with: an inner member having an inner race; an outer member having an outer ring and provided to be rotatable relative to the inner member; and a cage which is disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring, holds the plurality of rolling elements, and has a supported unit which is supported at a predetermined position when the inner member is assembled to the outer member.

Description

Rotating mechanism, speed reducer, and method for manufacturing rotating mechanism
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rotating mechanism, a reducer, and a method for manufacturing the rotating mechanism.
Background
For a rotation mechanism such as a reduction gear, there are cases where: a roller bearing is disposed between an inner member such as an output shaft and an outer member such as a carrier disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner member so as to be rotatable relative to the inner member. As a roller bearing, for example, a bearing is known which includes an inner ring, an outer ring, a plurality of tapered rollers arranged rollably between the inner ring and the outer ring, and a retainer which retains the tapered rollers.
Patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2009-36327
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
However, the roller bearing is assembled at a predetermined position of the rotation mechanism by assembling the inner member to which the inner ring is attached to the outer member to which the outer ring is attached. At this time, the holder may be displaced.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a rotating mechanism, a speed reducer, and a method for manufacturing the rotating mechanism, in which the positional deviation of the retainer can be suppressed and the bearing can be assembled.
Means for solving the problems
A rotation mechanism according to an aspect of the present invention includes: an inner member having an inner race; an outer member having an outer ring and provided to be rotatable relative to the inner member; and a cage which is disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring, holds the plurality of rolling elements, and has a supported unit which is supported at a predetermined position when the inner member is assembled to the outer member.
In the rotary mechanism according to one aspect of the present invention, the inner member is assembled to the outer member by inserting the inner member into the inner side of the outer member in a state where the outer ring of the bearing is attached to the outer member and the inner ring is attached to the inner member. In this case, since the holder is supported at the predetermined position by the supported unit, the positional displacement of the holder can be suppressed compared to a case where the holder is not supported at the predetermined position. Thus, it is possible to provide a rotation mechanism in which the positional deviation of the retainer can be suppressed and the bearing can be assembled.
In the above-described rotation mechanism, the supported unit may be supported by the outer member.
In the above-described rotation mechanism, the cage may be supported by the supported unit at a position where the rolling elements are in contact with the outer ring.
A rotation mechanism according to an aspect of the present invention includes: an inner member; an outer member provided to be rotatable relative to the inner member; a bearing which is disposed between the inner member and the outer member and has a cage for holding a plurality of rolling elements; a sealing member interposed between the medial member and the lateral member; and a supported unit that causes the retainer to stay between the seal member and an outer ring of the bearing when the inner member is assembled to the outer member.
In the rotary mechanism according to one aspect of the present invention, the inner member is assembled to the outer member by inserting the inner member into the inner side of the outer member in a state where the outer ring of the bearing is attached to the outer member and the inner ring is attached to the inner member. At this time, the retainer is stopped between the seal member and the outer ring of the bearing by the supported unit, and therefore interference between the retainer and the seal member can be suppressed. Thus, it is possible to provide a rotation mechanism in which the positional deviation of the retainer can be suppressed and the bearing can be assembled.
In the above-described rotation mechanism, the seal member may be located axially outward of the retainer, the inner member may include a flange portion that is located axially outward of the outer member and that protrudes radially outward, and the seal member may have an inner diameter smaller than an outer diameter of the flange portion and an inner diameter smaller than an outer diameter of the retainer.
A reduction gear according to an aspect of the present invention includes: an outer member in which a speed reduction mechanism is disposed; an inner member that is positioned on an inner peripheral side of the outer member, is disposed coaxially with a predetermined axis of the outer member, and is provided so as to be rotatable relative to the outer member; a flange portion provided on the inner member, located on an axially outer side of the outer member, and protruding radially outward; a bearing which is disposed between the inner member and the outer member and has a cage for holding a plurality of rolling elements; a seal member interposed between the inner member and the outer member, located on the outer side in the axial direction than the retainer, and having an inner diameter smaller than an outer diameter of the flange portion and an inner diameter smaller than an outer diameter of the retainer; and a supported unit provided on the cage, the supported unit being supported by the outer member at a position where the rolling elements of the bearing are in contact with the outer ring when the inner member is assembled to the outer member.
According to the reduction gear of one aspect of the present invention, the bearing can be assembled while suppressing the positional deviation of the retainer.
A method for manufacturing a rotary mechanism according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a step 1 of supporting a holder by an outer ring or an outer member having the outer ring; and a 2 nd step of disposing an inner member having an inner ring on an inner periphery of the outer member after the 1 st step.
According to the method of manufacturing a rotary mechanism according to one aspect of the present invention, the bearing can be assembled when the inner member having the inner ring is disposed on the inner periphery of the outer member while the retainer is prevented from falling from the outer ring or the outer member. At this time, since the retainer is supported by the outer ring or the outer member, the positional displacement of the retainer with respect to the outer ring is suppressed. Thus, it is possible to suppress positional deviation of the retainer and complete the bearing assembly.
In the method of manufacturing a rotary mechanism according to the above aspect, a seal mounting step of mounting a seal member that seals between the inner member and the outer member to the outer member may be included between the 1 st step and the 2 nd step.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the rotating mechanism, the speed reducer, and the method for manufacturing the rotating mechanism according to the aspect of the present invention, the bearing can be assembled while suppressing the positional deviation of the retainer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a half sectional view of a speed reducer according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a cross section of the reduction gear shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a diagram for explaining an assembly method of the speed reducer according to the embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a diagram for explaining an assembly method of the speed reducer according to the embodiment.
Description of the reference numerals
1. A speed reducer; 2. a carrier (inner member); 3. a housing (outer member); 5. 1 st main bearing (bearing); 7. an oil seal (seal member); 26. a flange portion; 51. an outer ring; 52. an inner ring; 53. rollers (rolling bodies); 54. a holder; 72. supported portion (supported unit).
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a reduction gear 1 (rotation mechanism) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The speed reducer 1 of the present embodiment is an eccentric oscillating type gear transmission device applied to, for example, a joint portion of a robot arm.
The structure of the speed reducer 1 will be explained.
Fig. 1 is a half sectional view of a speed reducer according to an embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, the speed reducer 1 includes: a carrier 2 (inner member) as an output shaft, a casing 3 (outer member) positioned on an outer peripheral side of the carrier 2 and arranged coaxially with a central axis (axis O) of the carrier 2, a speed reduction mechanism 4 for reducing the rotation of an input shaft (not shown) and transmitting the rotation to the carrier 2, and a 1 st main bearing 5, a 2 nd main bearing 6, and an oil seal 7 (seal member) arranged between the carrier 2 and the casing 3. The reduction gear 1 is an eccentric oscillating type gear transmission in which the casing 3 and the carrier 2 are relatively rotated about the axis O so that the input shaft is rotated relative to the casing 3 to obtain output rotation reduced by the input rotation of the input shaft. In the following description, a direction along the axis O is referred to as an axial direction, a direction perpendicular to the axis O and extending radially from the axis O is referred to as a radial direction, and a direction revolving around the axis O is referred to as a circumferential direction. Note that "axially inside" used in the following description means the center side of the housing 3, and "axially outside" means the side opposite to the center of the housing 3.
The housing 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape centering on the axis O. The inner circumferential surface 11 of the housing 3 includes: an internal tooth portion 12 in which a plurality of pin grooves 12a are formed, a 1 st outer ring holding portion 13 that holds an outer ring 51 (see fig. 2) of the 1 st main bearing 5, a 2 nd outer ring holding portion 14 that holds an outer ring 61 of the 2 nd main bearing 6, and a seal portion 15 that holds the oil seal 7.
The internal teeth 12 are formed in an axially intermediate portion of the inner peripheral surface 11 of the housing 3. The term "intermediate" used in the present embodiment means not only the center between both ends of the object but also a range inside between both ends of the object. The plurality of pin grooves 12a each extend in the axial direction. The plurality of pin grooves 12a are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The cylindrical inner pin 19 is rotatably held in each pin groove 12 a.
The 1 st outer ring holding portion 13 and the 2 nd outer ring holding portion 14 are located on opposite sides of the internal tooth portion 12. The 1 st outer ring holding portion 13 and the 2 nd outer ring holding portion 14 are each adjacent to the internal teeth portion 12 in the axial direction. The 1 st outer ring holding portion 13 is located on the 1 st side in the axial direction with respect to the internal tooth portion 12. The 1 st outer ring holding portion 13 extends in the axial direction with a constant inner diameter about the axis O. The 1 st outer ring holding portion 13 is located radially outward of the bottom portions of the pin grooves 12a of the internal teeth portions 12.
The 1 st outer ring holding portion 13 is connected to the inner tooth portion 12 via a step surface 16 extending in the circumferential direction and the radial direction. The 2 nd outer race holding portion 14 is located on the 2 nd side in the axial direction with respect to the internal tooth portion 12. The 2 nd outer ring holding portion 14 extends in the axial direction with a constant inner diameter about the axis O. The 2 nd outer ring holding portion 14 is located radially outward of the bottom portions of the pin grooves 12a of the internal teeth portions 12. In the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the 2 nd outer ring holding portion 14 is equal to the inner diameter of the 1 st outer ring holding portion 13. The 2 nd outer ring holding portion 14 is connected to the internal teeth portion 12 via a step surface 17 extending in the circumferential direction and the radial direction.
The 2 nd outer ring holding portion 14 includes a 2 nd side end portion in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface 11 of the housing 3.
The seal portion 15 is located on the opposite side of the internal gear portion 12 with the 1 st outer ring holding portion 13 interposed therebetween. The seal portion 15 is adjacent to the 1 st outer ring holding portion 13 in the axial direction. The seal portion 15 extends with a constant inner diameter about the axis O. The inner diameter of the seal portion 15 is larger than that of the 1 st outer ring holding portion 13. The seal portion 15 is connected to the 1 st outer ring holding portion 13 via a step surface 18 extending in the circumferential direction and the radial direction. The seal portion 15 includes the 1 st-side end portion in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface 11 of the housing 3.
The carrier 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape centered on the axis O. The carrier 2 is disposed inside the casing 3. The carrier 2 protrudes from the casing 3 to both sides in the axial direction. The carrier 2 is formed so as to be axially dividable into a 1 st carrier module 20 and a 2 nd carrier module 30. The 1 st carrier assembly 20 is formed to be insertable from the 1 st side in the axial direction to the inside of the carrier 2. The 2 nd carrier module 30 is formed to be insertable from the 2 nd side in the axial direction to the inside of the carrier 2. The 1 st carrier assembly 20 and the 2 nd carrier assembly 30 are integrated by being fastened to each other.
The 1 st carrier assembly 20 includes a base portion 21 and a plurality of column portions 28 (only one is shown in fig. 1). The base portion 21 is disposed on the same side as the 1 st outer ring holding portion 13 with respect to the internal tooth portion 12 of the housing 3 in the axial direction. The base 21 is formed in a disk shape centered on the axis O. The base 21 is supported by the housing 3 via the 1 st main bearing 5.
The outer peripheral surface 22 of the base 21 includes a 1 st inner ring holding portion 23 that holds the inner ring 52 (see fig. 2) of the 1 st main bearing 5 and a sealing portion 24 that holds the oil seal 7. At least a part of the 1 st inner ring holding portion 23 is opposed to the 1 st outer ring holding portion 13 of the housing 3 in the radial direction. The 1 st inner race holding portion 23 extends in the axial direction with a constant outer diameter about the axis O. The 1 st inner ring holding portion 23 includes an axially inner end portion of the outer peripheral surface 22 of the base portion 21. The seal portion 24 is opposed to the seal portion 15 of the housing 3 in the radial direction. The seal portion 24 is adjacent to the 1 st inner ring holding portion 23 in the axial direction. At least part of the seal portion 24 is located at an axially outer position with respect to the 1 st inner ring holding portion 23. The seal portion 24 extends with a constant outer diameter about the axis O. The outer diameter of the seal portion 24 is larger than that of the 1 st inner ring holding portion 23. The seal portion 24 is connected to the 1 st inner race retaining portion 23 via a step surface 25 extending in the circumferential direction and the radial direction.
The base portion 21 includes a flange portion 26 at an axially outer end portion. The flange portion 26 is adjacent to the seal portion 24 in the axial direction, and is located on the opposite side of the 1 st inner ring holding portion 23 across the seal portion 24. The outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 26 protrudes outward in the radial direction from the seal portion 24. The flange portion 26 overlaps with an end portion on the sealing portion 15 side in the axial direction of the housing 3 as viewed in the axial direction. The axially outward facing surface of the flange portion 26 is a mounting surface 27 to which a driven portion that receives the output of the reduction gear 1 is mounted. The mounting surface 27 is formed with female threads for fastening a driven portion.
The plurality of pillar portions 28 are provided integrally with the base portion 21. The plurality of pillar portions 28 project from the base portion 21 in the axial direction. The plurality of column portions 28 are located inside the internal tooth portion 12 of the housing 3. The plurality of strut members 28 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
The 2 nd carrier module 30 is disposed on the opposite side of the base portion 21 of the 1 st carrier module 20 in the axial direction with the internal gear portion 12 of the casing 3 interposed therebetween. That is, the 2 nd carrier module 30 is arranged with a space in the axial direction with respect to the base 21. The 2 nd carrier assembly 30 is supported by the casing 3 via the 2 nd main bearing 6. The 2 nd carrier module 30 is formed to be attachable to the plurality of column portions 28 from the side opposite to the base portion 21.
Specifically, the 2 nd carrier module 30 is fastened to the protruding end portions of the plurality of column portions 28, and is integrated with the 1 st carrier module 20.
The outer peripheral surface 31 of the 2 nd carrier module 30 includes a 2 nd inner ring holding portion 32 that holds the inner ring 62 of the 2 nd main bearing 6. At least a part of the 2 nd inner ring holding portion 32 is opposed to the 2 nd outer ring holding portion 14 of the housing 3 in the radial direction. The 2 nd inner race holding portion 32 extends in the axial direction with a constant outer diameter about the axis O. The 2 nd inner race retaining portion 32 includes an axially inner end portion of the outer peripheral surface 31 of the 2 nd carrier module 30. An end portion on the outer side in the axial direction of the 2 nd inner race retaining portion 32 is connected to a step surface 33 extending in the circumferential direction and the radial direction.
A 1 st oscillating gear 41 and a 2 nd oscillating gear 42 that constitute a part of the reduction mechanism 4 are disposed in a gap between the base portion 21 of the 1 st carrier assembly 20 and the 2 nd carrier assembly 30. The 1 st and 2 nd oscillating gears 41 and 42 are formed in a disk shape having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the internal tooth portion 12 of the housing 3. The 1 st and 2 nd oscillating gears 41 and 42 are capable of oscillating with respect to the carrier 2 and are capable of rotating about the axis O in synchronization with the carrier 2. The 1 st swing gear 41 and the 2 nd swing gear 42 are each formed with the same number of escape holes 43 as the plurality of column portions 28. One support portion 28 is inserted through each escape hole 43. Each escape hole 43 is formed with a sufficiently large inner diameter with respect to the support portion 28 so that each support portion 28 does not interfere with the swing rotation of the 1 st swing gear 41 and the swing rotation of the 2 nd swing gear 42. Outer teeth 44 that mesh with the plurality of inner pins 19 of the housing 3 are formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the 1 st oscillating gear 41 and the 2 nd oscillating gear 42, respectively. The 1 st oscillating gear 41 and the 2 nd oscillating gear 42 each rotate about the axis O with respect to the casing 3 together with the carrier 2 when receiving the driving force of the input shaft and being oscillated while meshing with some of the plurality of internal gear pins 19 of the casing 3.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a cross section of the reduction gear shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the 1 st main bearing 5 is a tapered roller bearing. The 1 st main bearing 5 is disposed between the housing 3 and the base portion 21 of the 1 st carrier assembly 20. The 1 st main bearing 5 includes: an outer ring 51, an inner ring 52, a plurality of rollers 53 (rolling elements), and a cage 54.
The outer ring 51 is formed in an annular shape centered on the axis O. The outer ring 51 is fitted to the 1 st outer ring holding portion 13 of the housing 3. The outer ring 51 is in contact with the step surface 16 from the outside in the axial direction. The outer ring 51 has an outer rolling surface 51a inclined with respect to the axis O. The outer rolling surface 51a faces radially inward and axially outward.
The inner ring 52 is formed in an annular shape coaxial with the outer ring 51. The inner ring 52 is fitted into the 1 st inner ring holding portion 23 of the base portion 21 of the 1 st carrier assembly 20. The inner race 52 is in contact with the step surface 25 from the axially inner side. The inner race 52 has an inner rolling surface 52a inclined with respect to the axis O. The inner rolling surface 52a faces the outer rolling surface 51a of the outer ring 51. The inner rolling surfaces 52a face radially outward and axially inward.
The plurality of rollers 53 are each disposed between the outer ring 51 and the inner ring 52. The plurality of rollers 53 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The plurality of rollers 53 revolve around the axis O while rolling on the outer rolling surface 51a of the outer ring 51 and the inner rolling surface 52a of the inner ring 52.
The cage 54 is disposed between the outer ring 51 and the inner ring 52. The holder 54 holds a plurality of rollers 53. The holder 54 includes: a 1 st annular portion 55 and a 2 nd annular portion 56 extending in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of connecting portions 57 connecting the 1 st annular portion 55 and the 2 nd annular portion 56. The 1 st annular portion 55 is located at an end portion on the inner side in the radial direction of the retainer 54. The 1 st annular portion 55 extends along one end surface of the plurality of rollers 53. The 2 nd annular portion 56 is located axially outward and radially outward of the 1 st annular portion 55. The 2 nd annular portion 56 extends along the other end surfaces of the plurality of rollers 53. Each connecting portion 57 extends in the radial direction when viewed from the axial direction. The plurality of connecting portions 57 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. Each of the connecting portions 57 extends between the outer rolling surface 51a of the outer ring 51 and the inner rolling surface 52a of the inner ring 52, and connects the 1 st annular portion 55 and the 2 nd annular portion 56. The retainer 54 retains the rollers 53 one by one in each recess surrounded by the 1 st annular portion 55, the 2 nd annular portion 56, and the pair of adjacent connecting portions 57.
As shown in fig. 1, the 2 nd main bearing 6 is a tapered roller bearing. The 2 nd main bearing 6 is disposed between the shell 3 and the 2 nd carrier assembly 30. The 2 nd main bearing 6 includes: an outer race 61, an inner race 62, a plurality of rollers 63, and a cage 64.
The outer ring 61 is formed in an annular shape centered on the axis O. The outer ring 61 is fitted to the 2 nd outer ring holding portion 14 of the housing 3. The outer race 61 contacts the step surface 17 from the outside in the axial direction. The inner ring 62 is formed in an annular shape coaxial with the outer ring 61. The inner ring 62 is fitted to the 2 nd inner ring retaining portion 32 of the 2 nd carrier module 30. The inner race 62 is in contact with a spacer inserted and mounted between the inner race 62 and the step surface 33. The plurality of rollers 63 are disposed between the outer ring 61 and the inner ring 62. The plurality of rollers 63 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The plurality of rollers 63 revolve around the axis O while rolling on the rolling surface of the outer ring 61 and the rolling surface of the inner ring 62. The cage 64 is disposed between the outer race 61 and the inner race 62. The retainer 64 retains a plurality of rollers 63.
As shown in fig. 2, the oil seal 7 is interposed between the housing 3 and the base 21 of the 1 st gear frame assembly 20. The oil seal 7 is formed in an annular shape centered on the axis O. The oil seal 7 is in close contact with both the inner peripheral surface 11 of the housing 3 and the outer peripheral surface 22 of the base portion 21 of the 1 st carrier assembly 20 over the entire circumference. Specifically, the oil seal 7 contacts both the inner peripheral surface 11 of the housing 3 and the outer peripheral surface 22 of the base portion 21 of the 1 st carrier assembly 20 at a position axially outward of the 1 st main bearing 5. In the present embodiment, the oil seal 7 is in contact with the sealing portion 15 of the inner peripheral surface 11 of the housing 3 and the sealing portion 24 of the outer peripheral surface 22 of the base portion 21 of the 1 st carrier assembly 20. The oil seal 7 includes a lip portion 7a on an inner peripheral portion thereof, which contacts an outer peripheral surface 22 of the base portion 21 of the 1 st gear frame assembly 20. The inner diameter of the oil seal 7 is smaller than the outer diameter of the flange portion 26 and the inner diameter of the oil seal 7 is smaller than the outer diameter of the retainer 54 of the 1 st main bearing 5.
The speed reducer 1 further includes a support unit 8 capable of supporting the retainer 54 of the 1 st main bearing 5 at a predetermined position. The predetermined position in the present embodiment is a position of the retainer 54 with respect to the housing 3, and is a position in a state where the plurality of rollers 53 held by the retainer 54 are in contact with the outer rolling surface 51a of the outer ring 51. The support unit 8 includes a support groove 71 provided in the housing 3 and a supported portion 72 (supported unit) provided in the holder 54.
A support groove 71 is formed in the inner circumferential surface 11 of the housing 3 between the outer ring 51 of the 1 st main bearing 5 and the oil seal 7 in the axial direction. The support groove 71 is formed in the 1 st outer ring holding portion 13. The support groove 71 extends in the circumferential direction. The support groove 71 extends over the entire circumference of the 1 st outer ring holding portion 13.
The supported portion 72 protrudes radially outward from the 2 nd annular portion 56 of the retainer 54 of the 1 st main bearing 5. The supported portion 72 protrudes radially outward from the outer ring 51 of the 1 st main bearing 5. The supported portion 72 extends over the entire circumference of the 2 nd annular portion 56. The supported portion 72 may be provided only in a part in the circumferential direction. The radially outer end of the supported portion 72 enters the support groove 71. The supported portion 72 contacts the support groove 71 from the inside in the axial direction. Thus, the cage 54 stays at a predetermined position even if the plurality of rollers 53 are not sandwiched between the outer ring 51 and the inner ring 52. The supported portion 72 has a guide surface 73. The guide surface 73 extends radially inward and axially inward from the radially outer end of the supported portion 72.
The method of assembling the speed reducer 1 will be described.
Fig. 3 and 4 are diagrams for explaining an assembly method of the speed reducer according to the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 3, when the carrier 2 is assembled to the housing 3, the outer ring 51 of the 1 st main bearing 5, the plurality of rollers 53, the retainer 54, and the oil seal 7 are mounted in advance on the housing 3. Specifically, the mounting is performed in the following order. First, the outer ring 51 is attached to the inner circumferential surface 11 of the housing 3. Next, the retainer 54 holding the plurality of rollers 53 is inserted from the outside in the axial direction to the inside of the housing 3, and the supported portions 72 of the retainer 54 are engaged with the support grooves 71 (step 1). Thereby, the holder 54 is supported by the support unit 8 at the predetermined position on the housing 3. Then, the oil seal 7 is inserted into the housing 3 and attached to the inner peripheral surface of the housing 3 (seal attaching step). The carrier 2 is divided into the 1 st carrier block 20 and the 2 nd carrier block 30, and the inner ring 52 of the 1 st main bearing 5 is mounted on the outer peripheral surface 22 of the base portion 21 of the 1 st carrier block 20 in advance.
Next, as shown in fig. 4, the 1 st gear frame assembly 20 is disposed on a table or the like in a state where the mounting surface 27 of the flange portion 26 of the 1 st gear frame assembly 20 faces downward. Next, the housing 3 is brought close to the 1 st carrier assembly 20 from the vertically upper side, whereby the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is disposed on the inner periphery of the housing 3 (2 nd step). At this time, the retainer 54 of the 1 st main bearing 5 is supported at a predetermined position by the support unit 8 and stays between the oil seal 7 and the outer ring 51. Thus, the 1 st main bearing 5 is assembled, the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is assembled to the housing 3 with the oil seal 7 interposed therebetween, and the oil seal 7 is interposed between the housing 3 and the 1 st carrier assembly 20. Then, the 2 nd carrier assembly 30 is inserted from above the casing 3 toward the inside of the casing 3, and the 2 nd carrier assembly 30 is fastened to the 1 st carrier assembly 20. With the above operation, the carrier 2 is assembled to the casing 3.
As described above, the speed reducer 1 of the present embodiment includes the retainer 54 of the 1 st main bearing 5, and the retainer 54 includes the supported portion 72 that is supported at a predetermined position when the 1 st carrier assembly 20 of the carrier 2 is assembled to the casing 3. In this configuration, the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is assembled to the housing 3 by inserting the 1 st carrier assembly 20 into the housing 3 with the outer ring 51 of the 1 st main bearing 5 attached to the housing 3 and the inner ring 52 attached to the 1 st carrier assembly 20. At this time, since the holder 54 is supported at the predetermined position by the supported portion 72, the positional displacement of the holder 54 can be suppressed compared to the case where the holder is not supported at the predetermined position. Therefore, it is possible to provide the speed reducer 1 in which the positional deviation of the retainer 54 can be suppressed and the 1 st main bearing 5 can be assembled.
However, the conventional roller bearing is assembled in a state where the rollers and the cage are supported by the inner ring. However, according to the peripheral structure of the roller bearing, when an inner member such as a carrier is assembled to an outer member such as a housing, the cage interferes with other components. Therefore, the inner member cannot be assembled to the outer member in a state where the retainer is supported by the inner member in some cases.
In the present embodiment, the supported portion 72 is supported by the housing 3. Here, since the 1 st carrier assembly 20 can be inserted inside the inner ring 52 in order to enable the inner ring 52 to be mounted, the 1 st carrier assembly 20 can be inserted inside the cage 54 having an inner diameter larger than that of the inner ring 52. Therefore, when the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is inserted into the housing 3, the cage 54 supported by the housing 3 can be prevented from interfering with the members other than the 1 st main bearing 5. Therefore, the 1 st main bearing 5 can be assembled while suppressing the positional deviation of the cage 54.
Further, the retainer 54 is supported by the supported portions 72 at positions where the plurality of rollers 53 are in contact with the outer rolling surface 51a of the outer ring 51. According to this configuration, since the retainer 54 is not displaced when the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is assembled to the housing 3, the positional displacement of the retainer 54 can be more reliably suppressed.
Further, the supported portion 72 allows the retainer 54 to stay between the oil seal 7 and the outer ring 51 when the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is assembled to the housing 3. Therefore, when the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is assembled to the housing 3, the retainer 54 can be prevented from interfering with the oil seal 7. Thus, the above-described effects can be obtained.
In addition, the support unit 8 is formed in the housing 3 and the holder 54. According to this structure, the support unit 8 can be formed without providing a new member. Therefore, the number of components can be prevented from increasing, and the deterioration of the manufacturability due to the increase in the number of components can be prevented. Therefore, an increase in the manufacturing cost of the speed reducer 1 can be suppressed.
In particular, in the present embodiment, the support unit 8 includes a support groove 71 formed in the inner peripheral surface 11 of the housing 3 and a supported portion 72 that the holder 54 has and that enters the support groove 71. According to this configuration, the supported portion 72 is engaged with the support groove 71, whereby the holder 54 is supported by the housing 3.
Thus, the support unit 8 can be formed with a simple structure.
Further, the inner diameter of the oil seal 7 is smaller than the outer diameter of the flange portion 26 of the 1 st gear frame assembly 20 and the inner diameter of the oil seal 7 is smaller than the outer diameter of the retainer 54 of the 1 st main bearing 5. In this configuration, since the flange portion 26 cannot pass through the inside of the oil seal 7, the oil seal 7 needs to be attached to the housing 3 before the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is assembled to the housing 3. Further, since the retainer 54 cannot be inserted inside the oil seal 7, the retainer 54 needs to be disposed between the oil seal 7 and the outer ring 51 before the oil seal 7 is mounted to the housing 3. Therefore, before the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is assembled to the housing 3, the retainer 54 needs to be disposed between the oil seal 7 and the outer ring 51 and supported by the support unit 8. Therefore, the reduction gear 1 suitable for obtaining the above-described operation and effect can be formed.
Further, the outer rolling surface 51a of the outer ring 51 faces outward in the axial direction. In the structure in which the rolling surface of the outer ring faces the axially inner side, if the cage is supported on the casing side before the carrier is assembled to the casing, the inner ring interferes with the cage, and the carrier cannot be assembled to the casing. On the other hand, in the configuration of the present embodiment, the outer ring 51 can be attached to the housing 3 and the retainer 54 can be supported on the housing 3 side before the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is assembled to the housing 3. Therefore, the reduction gear 1 suitable for obtaining the above-described operation and effect can be formed.
In the method of manufacturing the speed reducer 1 according to the present embodiment, the retainer 54 is supported by the housing 3, and then the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is disposed on the inner periphery of the housing 3. According to this manufacturing method, the 1 st main bearing 5 can be assembled when the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is disposed on the inner periphery of the housing 3 while suppressing the retainer 54 from falling from the housing 3. At this time, since the holder 54 is supported by the housing 3, the positional displacement of the holder 54 with respect to the outer ring 51 can be suppressed. Therefore, the 1 st main bearing 5 can be assembled while suppressing the positional deviation of the cage 54.
After the retainer 54 is supported by the housing 3 and before the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is disposed on the inner periphery of the housing 3, the oil seal 7 is attached to the housing 3. Therefore, when the 1 st carrier assembly 20 is assembled to the housing 3, the retainer 54 can be prevented from interfering with the oil seal 7. Thus, the above-described effects can be obtained.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments described with reference to the drawings, and various modifications can be considered within the technical scope thereof.
For example, in the above embodiment, the 1 st main bearing 5 is a tapered roller bearing, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be an angular ball bearing.
In the support unit 8 of the above embodiment, the retainer 54 is supported at a position where the plurality of rollers 53 are in contact with the outer rolling surface 51a of the outer ring 51. However, the position at which the support unit supports the holder is not limited thereto. The support means may support the cage at a position shifted outward in the axial direction from a position where the plurality of rollers 53 contact the outer rolling surface 51a of the outer ring 51. Even with this configuration, when the carrier is assembled to the housing, the cage and the plurality of rollers are pressed by the inner ring, and the cage can be moved to a position where the plurality of rollers 53 are in contact with the outer rolling surface 51a of the outer ring 51. The support means may be any means as long as it can support the retainer when the carrier is assembled to the casing, and may not support the retainer in a state where the carrier is assembled to the casing. That is, the supporting means may not support the cage in a state where the 1 st main bearing is assembled.
In addition, the components in the above-described embodiments may be appropriately replaced with known components without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A rotary mechanism, wherein,
the rotating mechanism is provided with:
an inner member having an inner race;
an outer member having an outer ring and provided to be rotatable relative to the inner member; and
and a cage which is disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring, holds the plurality of rolling elements, and has a supported unit which is supported at a predetermined position when the inner member is assembled to the outer member.
2. The rotary mechanism of claim 1,
the supported unit is supported by the outer member.
3. The rotary mechanism of claim 2,
the cage is supported by the supported unit at a position where the rolling elements are in contact with the outer ring.
4. A rotary mechanism, wherein,
the rotating mechanism is provided with:
an inner member;
an outer member provided to be rotatable relative to the inner member;
a bearing which is disposed between the inner member and the outer member and has a cage for holding a plurality of rolling elements;
a sealing member interposed between the medial member and the lateral member; and
and a supported unit that causes the retainer to stay between the seal member and an outer ring of the bearing when the inner member is assembled to the outer member.
5. The rotary mechanism of claim 4,
the seal member is located axially outward of the retainer,
the inner member has a flange portion that is located on the outer side in the axial direction than the outer member and that protrudes outward in the radial direction,
an inner diameter of the sealing member is smaller than an outer diameter of the flange portion and an inner diameter of the sealing member is smaller than an outer diameter of the retainer.
6. A speed reducer, wherein,
the speed reducer is provided with:
an outer member in which a speed reduction mechanism is disposed;
an inner member that is positioned on an inner peripheral side of the outer member, is disposed coaxially with a predetermined axis of the outer member, and is provided so as to be rotatable relative to the outer member;
a flange portion provided on the inner member, located on an axially outer side of the outer member, and protruding radially outward;
a bearing which is disposed between the inner member and the outer member and has a cage for holding a plurality of rolling elements;
a seal member interposed between the inner member and the outer member, located on the outer side in the axial direction than the retainer, and having an inner diameter smaller than an outer diameter of the flange portion and an inner diameter smaller than an outer diameter of the retainer; and
and a supported unit provided on the cage, the supported unit being supported by the outer member at a position where the rolling elements of the bearing are in contact with the outer ring when the inner member is assembled to the outer member.
7. A method for manufacturing a rotary mechanism, wherein,
the manufacturing method of the rotating mechanism comprises the following steps:
a step 1 of supporting a holder by an outer ring or an outer member having the outer ring; and
and a 2 nd step of disposing an inner member having an inner ring on an inner periphery of the outer member after the 1 st step.
8. The method of manufacturing a rotary mechanism according to claim 7, wherein,
the method includes a seal mounting step of mounting a seal member, which seals between the inner member and the outer member, to the outer member between the step 1 and the step 2.
CN202010448683.2A 2019-06-27 2020-05-25 Rotating mechanism, speed reducer, and method for manufacturing rotating mechanism Pending CN112145549A (en)

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JP2019-119462 2019-06-27

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