CN112145188B - Shield freezing warehouse opening process - Google Patents
Shield freezing warehouse opening process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112145188B CN112145188B CN202011145052.XA CN202011145052A CN112145188B CN 112145188 B CN112145188 B CN 112145188B CN 202011145052 A CN202011145052 A CN 202011145052A CN 112145188 B CN112145188 B CN 112145188B
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- slurry
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- freezing
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- excavation
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- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
- E21D9/0671—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end with means for consolidating the rock in front of the shield by injection of consolidating substances through boreholes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
- E21D9/002—Injection methods characterised by the chemical composition used
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a shield freezing opening process, wherein a shield machine stops tunneling, maintains the internal pressure of an excavation chamber, discharges the original soil body in the excavation chamber, and pumps filling shield freezing opening filling slurry into the excavation chamber; the slurry making material of the shield freezing open-warehouse filling slurry comprises fly ash, fine sand, bentonite powder, filling structure particles and water; the proportion of the pulping material needs to ensure the stability of the pulp after pulping; the filling structure particles are particles which can absorb frost heaving deformation when slurry is frozen and can provide support when the slurry is heated and melted, and the freezing step comprises the following steps: freezing slurry filled in the excavation bin and soil around the cutter head and the shield body by adopting a refrigerating system; opening the bin: after the slurry in the excavation bin and the soil body around the shield body are frozen, opening the excavation bin at normal pressure, and continuously operating the freezing system in the process to maintain the slurry in the excavation bin and the soil body around the cutter head and the shield body in a frozen state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, in particular to a shield machine freezing opening process.
Background
In shield construction, due to the change of geological conditions or the damage of cutters and the like, opening a bin and changing the cutters are needed. The tool changing process needs workers to enter the excavation bin for operation, and when the geological conditions are severe, collapse, water immersion and the like are possible, so that risks are brought to the operation. In order to ensure the operation safety, a stratum freezing method is applied, a freezing pipeline is arranged on a cutter head of the shield tunneling machine, a refrigerant is introduced into the freezing pipeline to exchange heat with a stratum where the freezing pipeline is located, the temperature of the stratum is reduced to be below the freezing point temperature of water, and a frozen soil body is formed, so that the strength and the elastic modulus of the soil body around a bin body are greatly increased, and the safety of the bin opening tool changing operation is improved.
However, the above-mentioned formation freezing method may affect the formation during the formation freezing and melting process, and the water becomes ice, and the volume thereof is increased by about 9.05% in situ; conversely, when solid phase ice melts to liquid phase water, the volume of the corresponding ice is reduced by about 8.3%. In the stratum freezing process, if water is generated and migrates to the freezing front, the volume of the migrated water plus the volume of the solid ice changed from water will result in the larger increase of the volume of the soil layer, and the same volume of the corresponding place can be greatly reduced during melting, so that the stratum frost heaving and thawing phenomenon can occur in the stratum freezing method application process, the risk of damaging the building structure above the tunnel exists, the greater potential safety hazard exists, and the application of the stratum freezing method is greatly restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a shield freezing and opening process which can effectively avoid frost heaving and thaw collapse in the application process of a stratum freezing method so as to improve the application safety and application range of the stratum freezing method.
The shield freezing warehouse opening process comprises the following steps:
emptying an excavation bin and filling slurry: stopping tunneling by the shield tunneling machine, maintaining the pressure in the excavation chamber, discharging the original soil body in the excavation chamber, and pumping shield freezing opening filling slurry into the excavation chamber; the slurry making material of the shield freezing open-warehouse filling slurry comprises fly ash, fine sand, bentonite powder, filling structure particles and water; the proportion of the pulping material needs to ensure the stability of the pulp after pulping; the filling structure particles are particles which can absorb frost heaving deformation when the slurry is frozen and can support when the slurry is heated and melted;
freezing step: freezing slurry filled in the excavation bin and soil around the cutter head and the shield body by adopting a refrigerating system;
opening the bin: after the slurry in the excavation bin and the soil body around the shield body are frozen, opening the excavation bin at normal pressure, and continuously operating the freezing system in the process to maintain the slurry in the excavation bin and the soil body around the cutter head and the shield body in a frozen state.
According to the shield freezing and opening process, before opening, the specific shield freezing and opening filling slurry replaces the conventional original soil body, after the slurry is frozen, the filling slurry can provide powerful support for the periphery of the bin body, and the filling structure particles uniformly distributed in the slurry can be compressed and deformed inwards during freezing to absorb frost heaving deformation caused by moisture, and can rebound during melting to provide support for the slurry, so that the phenomena of frost heaving and melting settlement of the stratum are well avoided, the damage to the building structure and the pavement above the tunnel caused by the frost heaving and melting settlement is avoided, and the safety of the shield opening process is greatly improved.
The shield freezing opening slurry filling slurrying material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 200-350 parts of fly ash; fine sand 400-; 45-85 parts of bentonite powder; the structural particles 70-125 are filled, and the water 200-.
In the freezing step, the temperature in the excavation bin can be controlled to be kept below-5 ℃ preferably, so that the soil around the whole excavation bin and the shield body can be reliably frozen, and sufficient supporting strength is provided.
In the step of opening the warehouse, the continuous work of the refrigeration system is maintained, and the temperature in the excavated warehouse is preferably controlled below minus 5 ℃ so as to ensure the safety of the whole warehouse opening operation process.
The filling structure particles can be columnar rubber particles, the diameter of the filling structure particles is 2-10mm, the length of the filling structure particles is within 10-50mm, and the surface of the filling structure particles is rough.
The filling structure particles can also be spherical rubber particles, the diameter of the filling structure particles is 2-10mm, and the surface of the filling structure particles is rough.
The surface of the columnar rubber particles can be provided with rod-shaped objects or stabbing objects extending in different directions.
The surface of the spherical rubber particle can be provided with rods or thorns extending in different directions.
The inside of the spherical rubber particle or the columnar rubber particle body can be provided with a plurality of small cavities. Through setting up little cavity, can further promotion to the absorbing capacity of frost heaving deformation to better adaptation actual need.
The small cavity can be filled with an elastic material having a slightly lower elastic strength than the body, such as: foam particles, plastic particles, or rubber particles of different materials, etc. This structure is when providing stronger adaptability to the frost heaving deformation, and the elastic material that the elastic strength of filling is less than the body a little can also provide the support to the cavity to can guarantee the resilience ability of filling structure grain at this moment better, when the thick liquid melts, can be better provide the support, more be favorable to avoiding dissolving the emergence of sinking. Through the structure, the slurry can adapt to larger frost heaving and dissolving settlement volume change, thereby better adapting to the use under various conditions.
The invention relates to a preparation method of shield freezing open-warehouse filling slurry, which comprises the following steps:
weighing dry materials of fly ash, fine sand, bentonite powder and filling structure particles according to the weight proportion, and uniformly stirring; and then, pouring the stirred dry materials into a stirring box, adding the water with the corresponding weight, and starting a stirrer to stir until the mortar is uniformly stirred, so that the filling structure particles are uniformly distributed in the slurry.
The size of the filling structure particles in the slurry is not too large, the slurry needs to be easy to pump, and the particle size is preferably 2 mm to 60 mm.
The specific weight of the filling structure particles is close to that of the mixed slurry, so that the filling structure particles are uniformly distributed in the slurry, and the phenomenon of local accumulation of the filling structure particles is avoided.
The filling structure particles have the same specific gravity as the mixed slurry, and the filling structure particles can stably suspend in the mixed slurry after the slurry is pumped into the tunnel face, so that frost heaving and thawing sinking deformation can be absorbed more uniformly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a filled structured particle;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a filled structured particle;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a filled structured particle;
fig. 4 is a structural cross-sectional view of a filled structured particle.
Detailed Description
A shield freezing warehouse-opening process comprises the following steps:
emptying an excavation bin and filling slurry: stopping tunneling by the shield tunneling machine, maintaining the pressure in the excavation chamber, discharging the original soil body in the excavation chamber, and pumping filling shield freezing opening filling slurry into the excavation chamber; the slurry making material of the shield freezing open-warehouse filling slurry comprises fly ash, fine sand, bentonite powder, filling structure particles and water; the proportion of the pulping material needs to ensure the stability of the pulp after pulping; the filling structure particles are particles which can absorb frost heaving deformation when the slurry is frozen and can support when the slurry is heated and melted;
and (3) slurry filling step: pumping filling slurry into the excavation bin, wherein the filling slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 200-350 parts of fly ash; fine sand 400-; 45-85 parts of bentonite powder; 70-125 parts of filling structure particles, 200 parts of water and 370 parts of filling structure particles; the filling structure particles are particles which can absorb frost heaving deformation when the slurry is frozen and can support when the slurry is heated and melted;
freezing step: freezing slurry filled in the excavation bin and soil around the cutter head and the shield body by adopting a refrigerating system, and preferably controlling the temperature in the excavation bin to be maintained below-5 ℃ in order to ensure that the slurry in the bin is reliably frozen;
opening the bin: after the grout in the excavation bin and the soil around the shield body are completely frozen, the excavation bin is opened under normal pressure, the freezing system continues to work in the process, and the temperature in the excavation bin needs to be controlled below-5 ℃ to reliably ensure the grout to be frozen and provide enough supporting strength.
In the steps of emptying the excavation chamber and filling the slurry, the excavation chamber can be emptied first, the shield freezing chamber opening filling slurry is refilled, and the shield freezing chamber opening filling slurry can be filled while the original soil body is discharged. The mode of discharging while filling is better, the collapse of surrounding soil bodies in the emptying process can be avoided, and the construction efficiency and the safety are better guaranteed.
When the filling slurry is prepared, weighing the dry materials of the fly ash, the fine sand, the bentonite and the filling structure particles in parts by weight, and uniformly stirring the dry materials; and then pouring the mixture into a stirring box, adding water in corresponding parts by weight, and starting a stirrer to stir until the mortar is uniformly stirred so as to uniformly distribute the columnar rubber particles in the slurry.
The filling structure particles can adopt a columnar rubber particle structure. The diameter of the columnar rubber particles is 2-10mm, the length is within 10-50mm, and the surface is rough, as shown in figure 1. The rough surface enables the surface of the columnar rubber particles to be better combined with other materials of the slurry. And a plurality of thin rods extending in different directions can be arranged on the surface of the columnar rubber particles. Through the slender rod that extends in different directions, can further promote the cohesion of other materials, also can further provide the structural support to thick liquids simultaneously.
A large amount of columnar rubber particles distributed in the slurry have certain elasticity, and can be compressed and deformed in the freezing process, so that frost heaving can be well absorbed; and in the melting process, the columnar rubber particles can automatically rebound, so that the slurry is supported, the volume reduced due to the fact that ice is melted into water is supplemented, and the melting and sinking are avoided.
The columnar rubber particles preferably have a specific gravity close to that of the whole slurry, and are preferably suspended in the slurry. Particularly, the specific gravity of the columnar rubber particles is the same as that of the whole slurry, and the columnar rubber particles can be uniformly suspended in the slurry, so that the phenomenon that the rubber particles are integrally floated and settled after being pumped into the tunnel face to influence the whole absorption effect of frost heaving and thaw settlement is avoided, and the using effect is further influenced.
The filling structure particles can also be spherical rubber particles with the diameter of 2-10mm, and the surface of the filling structure particles is provided with a plurality of long thorns or thin rods 4 extending towards different directions, as shown in figures 2 and 4. Alternatively, the filling structure particles may be ellipsoidal, with rough and uneven surfaces, as shown in FIG. 3. Through the long thorns or the thin rods extending in different directions, the bonding force of other materials can be further improved, and meanwhile, the structural support for the slurry can be further provided.
A plurality of small cavities 2 can be arranged in the body 1 of the spherical rubber particle or the columnar rubber particle, as shown in fig. 2 and 4. Through the arrangement of the small cavity 2, a compression space can be further provided, so that frost heaving can be better avoided. The small cavity 2 can be filled with an elastic material 3 with elastic strength slightly lower than that of the rubber ball, such as foam particles, plastic particles, rubber particles made of other materials, and the like, as shown in fig. 4. Can provide the resilience through this structure and support in the cavity to can melt better resilience of in-process, more reliable avoids melting the emergence of sinking.
The filler particles can also adopt rice straw segments, corncob particles and the like, and the cost can be greatly reduced while the environmental protection performance is improved.
Claims (8)
1. A shield freezing warehouse-opening process comprises the following steps:
emptying an excavation bin and filling slurry: stopping tunneling by the shield tunneling machine, maintaining the pressure in the excavation chamber, discharging the original soil body in the excavation chamber, and pumping filling shield freezing opening filling slurry into the excavation chamber; the slurry making material of the shield freezing open-warehouse filling slurry comprises fly ash, fine sand, bentonite powder, filling structure particles and water; the pulping material is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 portions of fly ash and 350 portions of fly ash; fine sand 400-; 45-85 parts of bentonite powder; 70-125 parts of filling structure particles, 200 parts of water and 370 parts of filling structure particles; the filling structure particles are particles which can absorb frost heaving deformation when the slurry is frozen and can support when the slurry is heated and melted; the filling structure particles are columnar rubber particles, the diameter of the filling structure particles is 2-10mm, the length of the filling structure particles is 10-50mm, and the surface of the filling structure particles is rough; or the filling structure particles are spherical rubber particles with the diameter of 2-10mm and rough surface;
freezing step: freezing slurry filled in the excavation bin and soil around the cutter head and the shield body by adopting a refrigerating system;
opening the bin: after the slurry in the excavation bin and the soil body around the shield body are frozen, opening the excavation bin at normal pressure, and continuously operating the freezing system in the process to maintain the slurry in the excavation bin and the soil body around the cutter head and the shield body in a frozen state.
2. The shield freezing warehouse opening process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the freezing step, the temperature in the excavation bin needs to be controlled to be kept below-5 ℃.
3. The shield freezing warehouse opening process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step of opening the warehouse, the temperature in the excavated warehouse needs to be controlled to be kept below minus 5 ℃.
4. The shield freezing warehouse opening process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of the columnar rubber particle or the spherical rubber particle is provided with rod-shaped objects or stabbing-shaped objects which extend out in different directions.
5. The shield freezing warehouse opening process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of the spherical rubber particle is provided with rod-shaped objects or stabbing-shaped objects which extend out in different directions.
6. The shield freezing and opening process according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: the spherical rubber particles are provided with a plurality of small cavities in the sphere.
7. The shield freezing warehouse opening process according to claim 6, characterized in that: the small cavity is filled with an elastic material with elastic strength slightly lower than that of the body.
8. The shield freezing warehouse opening process according to claim 7, characterized in that: the elastic material is foam particles or rubber particles.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011145052.XA CN112145188B (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Shield freezing warehouse opening process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011145052.XA CN112145188B (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Shield freezing warehouse opening process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112145188A CN112145188A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
| CN112145188B true CN112145188B (en) | 2021-11-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011145052.XA Active CN112145188B (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Shield freezing warehouse opening process |
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Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100927960B1 (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2009-11-24 | 효정개발 주식회사 | water-soluble polymer-based composite, manufacturing method thereof and pump carrier-type shield constructing method using the composite |
| EP3303503A1 (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2018-04-11 | Basf Se | Use of a composition for stabilizing a geological formation in oil fields, gas fields, water pumping fields, mining or tunnel constructions |
| CN105422108B (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-11-10 | 广东华隧建设股份有限公司 | A kind of cutter replacing method based on the slurry balance shield machine with freezing function |
| CN108979646B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2021-03-16 | 广东华隧建设集团股份有限公司 | Method for replacing soil bin medium of shield tunneling machine in freezing process |
| CN110847919B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-04-09 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Method for assisting in keeping pressure of soil bin stable by adopting novel mixed slurry |
| CN111606608A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-09-01 | 中铁十四局集团大盾构工程有限公司 | Rubber particle anti-seismic synchronous grouting material |
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