CN112145087B

CN112145087B - PDC composite bit of cone

Info

Publication number: CN112145087B
Application number: CN202010930464.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王露; 潘涛; 甄世成; 朱坤帅; 何健
Original assignee: Xinjiang Beiken Energy Engineering Stock Co ltd
Current assignee: Beiken Energy Holdings Group Co ltd; Beiken Xinjiang Energy Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-07
Filing date: 2020-09-07
Publication date: 2022-06-21
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-07
Also published as: CN112145087A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drill bits, and is a roller cone PDC composite drill bit, which comprises a drill bit body, a main blade and a roller sub-assembly. The upper end of the bit body is evenly spaced with at least two main blades along the circumference, and the main blade is along the crown. The contour is divided into inner cone section, nose section, shoulder section, outer cone section and gauge section from inside to outside. The invention has a reasonable structure, and can pre-break the formation during drilling by arranging the cones and the conical apex teeth, so as to release the formation stress, thereby improving the rock breaking efficiency of the cutting teeth, forming protection for the cutting teeth, reducing Wear, by slanting the cutting teeth, the rock breaking efficiency can be further improved, the loss of the cutting teeth can be reduced, and the service life and cutting efficiency of the present invention can be improved. During the drilling process, the cones and the conical apex teeth can also share part The impact load reduces the impact load of the stratum on the cutting teeth, so that the present invention can maintain high efficiency and stability in the directional section, the wellbore quality is good, and the drilling is not easy to stick.

Description

PDC composite bit of cone

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of drill bits, in particular to a roller cone PDC composite drill bit.

Background

In a large-inclination directional well, sliding drilling is needed for controlling a well track, but due to the fact that friction resistance torque of a large-inclination directional well section is large, when a conventional PDC drill bit is adopted for sliding drilling, the problems that pressure release is serious, drilling pressure transmission is not stable, a tool face is difficult to control and the like exist, if a roller bit is adopted for drilling, due to the fact that the drilling rotating speed is high when a screw rod and a rotary table are used for drilling, a well implementing section is short, roller accidents are prone to occurring, and the drilling speed of the large-inclination directional well is limited; the rotary steering drilling technology can solve the problems, but the cost is high, and meanwhile, the existing cutting teeth are horizontally arranged on the main blade, so that the axial force received during drilling is large, and the abrasion speed is high. The speed of the drilling speed has great influence on the quality improvement and efficiency enhancement of oil fields and high-efficiency exploration and development, the drilling speed is improved, the requirement of continuous increase of petroleum yield is met by improving the production efficiency, and the requirement is not only the requirement of improving the benefit of each oil field company, so that the research and the application of the PDC roller cone composite drill bit have urgent necessity, but also the requirement of continuous development of the petroleum exploration and development.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a roller cone PDC composite drill bit, overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can effectively solve the problems of low efficiency and quick drill bit abrasion of the conventional PDC drill bit during drilling in a large-inclination directional well section.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following measures: a PDC composite bit of a cone comprises a bit body, main blades and cone split parts, wherein at least two main blades are uniformly distributed at the upper end of the bit body at intervals along the circumference, the main blades are sequentially divided into an inner cone section, a nose section, a shoulder section, an outer cone section and a gauge protection section from inside to outside along the profile of a crown, obliquely arranged cutting teeth are sequentially distributed on each main blade along the inner cone section, the nose section, the shoulder section and the outer cone section, one end of each cutting tooth, which is close to the cutting side edge of the corresponding main blade, inclines towards the direction far away from the profile of the crown of the main blade, inverted-cut teeth are arranged at the bottom of the gauge protection section of each main blade, gauge protection teeth are arranged on the gauge protection section of each main blade corresponding to the position above the inverted-cut teeth, the tooth tops of the inverted-cut teeth and the gauge protection teeth are positioned on the cutting side edge of each main blade, and top cusps are uniformly distributed on the outer side surface of the cone of each main blade, a cone split part is arranged on the bit body corresponding to the position between every two adjacent main blades and comprises a cone leg and a cone, the lower end of the cone leg is fixedly connected with the bit body or is of an integrally formed structure, the cone is rotatably arranged on the outer side of a shaft neck at the upper end of the cone leg, the tooth crest of the cone is higher than the tooth crest of the cone tip top tooth, and the tooth crest of the cone tip top tooth is higher than the tooth crest of the cutting tooth.

The following is further optimization or/and improvement of the technical scheme of the invention:

the drill bit body can be provided with three main blades at intervals along the circumference, directional nozzles are uniformly distributed on the drill bit body corresponding to the position between every two main blades, vertical jet nozzles are uniformly distributed on the drill bit body corresponding to the position between the inner conical sections of every two main blades, and the jet flow area of each vertical jet nozzle can cover all cutting teeth arranged at the inner conical sections of the main blades.

The above-mentioned bit body that corresponds position between two main wing internal cone sections all can distribute the perpendicular jet nozzle hole of inside and outside intercommunication, and the sealed spiro union in perpendicular jet nozzle hole in perpendicular jet nozzle lower part outside, the upper end of perpendicular jet nozzle is higher than bit body top and difference in height between 1mm to 10mm, and perpendicular jet nozzle central authorities have big-end-up's toper passageway, and the diameter of passageway upper end is between 8mm to 11 mm.

The cutting tooth can comprise a first cylindrical section and a tooth edge section, one end of the first cylindrical section forms a spherical crown-shaped bulge, the other end of the first cylindrical section is fixedly connected with the blade-shaped tooth edge section and inclines towards the direction far away from the outline of the crown part of the main blade, the included angle between the central axis of the first cylindrical section and the outline surface of the transverse crown part of the main blade at the corresponding position is between 5 degrees and 15 degrees, the blade tip of each tooth edge section is perpendicular to the tangent line of the outline of the crown part of the main blade at the corresponding position, and the gauge-protecting tooth is in a semi-cylindrical shape.

The conical pointed top teeth can comprise a second cylindrical section and a conical column section, the bottom end of the conical column section is connected with the top end of the second cylindrical section, the joint of the bottom end of the conical column section and the top end of the second cylindrical section is in a smooth transition shape, the conical column section is an arc-shaped conical revolving body for a bus, and a composite layer is arranged on the outer side of the pointed portion of the conical column section.

The distance between the top of the conical tip tooth cone section and the top of the cutting tooth blade section can be between 0.3mm and 2 mm.

A plurality of side teeth can be distributed on one side of the bit leg, which is far away from the bit body, in a vertically staggered manner, the tooth tops of all the side teeth are lower than the circumferential surface of the main blade, and the height difference is between 0.8mm and 1.2 mm.

The rock breaking device is reasonable in structure, the rock breaking efficiency of the cutting teeth can be improved by arranging the cone and the conical pointed apical teeth to pre-break the stratum during drilling and release stratum stress, the cutting teeth are protected, abrasion is reduced, the rock breaking efficiency can be further improved by arranging the cutting teeth obliquely, meanwhile, the loss of the cutting teeth can be reduced, the service life and the cutting efficiency of the rock breaking device are improved, the cone and the conical pointed apical teeth can share part of impact load during drilling, the impact load of the stratum on the cutting teeth is reduced, the rock breaking device can be kept efficient and stable in a directional section, the well quality is good, and drilling is not prone to jamming.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the main blade profile of fig. 1 along the crown profile.

Fig. 4 is a front sectional enlarged structural schematic view of the conical pointed tip tooth of fig. 1.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged top view of the cutting tooth of FIG. 1.

Fig. 6 is a front sectional enlarged structural view of the vertical flow nozzle of fig. 1.

The codes in the figures are respectively: the drill bit comprises a drill bit body 1, a main blade 2, a bit leg 3, a cone 4, a first cylindrical section 5, a tooth edge section 6, a vertical jet nozzle 7, an inverted-reaming tooth 8, a directional nozzle 9, a second cylindrical section 10, a conical cylindrical section 11, a composite layer 12, a gauge tooth 13, a side tooth 14 and a flow channel 15.

Detailed Description

The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments may be determined according to the technical solutions and practical situations of the present invention.

In the present invention, for convenience of description, the description of the relative position relationship of the components is described according to the layout mode in the direction a in the attached drawing 1, such as: the positional relationship of front, rear, upper, lower, left, right, etc. is determined in accordance with the layout direction of the drawings of the specification.

The invention is further described with reference to the following examples and figures:

as shown in the attached figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the roller cone PDC composite drill bit comprises a drill bit body 1, two main blades 2 and a roller cone 4 split piece, wherein at least two main blades 2 are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumference at the upper end of the drill bit body 1, the main blades 2 are sequentially divided into an inner cone section, a nose section, a shoulder section, an outer cone section and a gauge protection part from inside to outside along the profile of a crown part, obliquely arranged cutting teeth are sequentially distributed on each main blade 2 along the inner cone section, the nose section, the shoulder section and the outer cone section, one end of each cutting tooth close to the cutting side edge of the corresponding main blade 2 inclines towards the direction far away from the profile of the crown part of the main blade 2, a back-cut eye tooth 8 is arranged at the bottom of the gauge protection part of each main blade 2, gauge protection teeth 13 are arranged on the gauge protection part of each main blade 2 corresponding to the position above the back-cut eye tooth 8, and tooth tops of the cutting teeth, the back-cut eye teeth 8 and the gauge protection teeth 13 are all located at the cutting side edge of each main blade 2, conical pointed top teeth are distributed on the outer side surface of the nose part of each main blade 2, a cone 4 subpackaging piece is arranged on the bit body 1 corresponding to the position between every two adjacent main blades 2, each cone 4 subpackaging piece comprises a cone leg 3 and a cone 4, the lower end of each cone leg 3 is fixedly connected with the bit body 1 or is of an integrally formed structure, each cone 4 is rotatably installed on the outer side of a shaft neck at the upper end of each cone leg 3, the tooth crest on each cone 4 is higher than the tooth crest of each conical pointed top tooth, and the tooth crest of each conical pointed top tooth is higher than the tooth crest of each cutting tooth.

Gauge teeth 13 may be reinforced (lengthened, densified) as desired. In the using process, the tooth tops of the cone 4 are higher than the tooth tops of the cone sharp-pointed teeth, so that in the drilling operation process, the cone 4 preferentially eats into the stratum, the bottom layer is pre-crushed, the stratum stress is released, the rock breaking efficiency of the three blades is improved, the cone sharp-pointed teeth can stabilize the blades and absorb shock, the stability of the drill bit at the bottom of the well is improved, the factors that the decompression of the drill bit is serious and the transmission of the drilling pressure is unstable are greatly reduced, and the tooth tops of the cone sharp-pointed teeth are higher than the tooth tops of the cutting teeth, so that the cone sharp-pointed teeth preferentially eats into the stratum, the stratum is crushed, the cutting teeth are protected, the abrasion in the drilling operation process is reduced, and the service life and the cutting efficiency of the drilling tool are improved. The rock breaking device is reasonable in structure, the rock breaking efficiency of the cutting teeth can be improved by arranging the cone 4 and the conical pointed top teeth to pre-break a stratum during drilling and release stratum stress, the cutting teeth are protected, abrasion is reduced, the rock breaking efficiency can be further improved by arranging the cutting teeth obliquely, loss of the cutting teeth can be reduced, part of impact load can be shared by the cone 4 and the conical pointed top teeth during drilling, the impact load of the stratum on the cutting teeth is reduced, the rock breaking device can be kept efficient and stable in a directional section, the well quality is good, and drilling clamping is not prone to occurring.

The roller cone PDC composite drill bit can be further optimized or/and improved according to actual needs:

as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, three main blades 2 are circumferentially distributed on the drill body 1 at intervals, directional nozzles 9 are uniformly distributed on the drill body 1 corresponding to the position between every two main blades 2, vertical jet nozzles 7 are uniformly distributed on the drill body 1 corresponding to the position between the inner cone sections of every two main blades 2, and the jet flow area of the vertical jet nozzles 7 can cover all the cutting teeth arranged at the inner cone sections of the main blades 2.

In the using process, the heat generated in the drilling process of the invention can be accelerated under the high rotating speed state during the operation of the invention, the cutting teeth at the inner cone sections of all the main blades 2 and the inner cone sections of the main blades 2 can be well cooled by arranging the vertical jet flow nozzles 7, the abrasion of the cutting teeth and the inner cone sections of the main blades 2 in the working process is further reduced, the service life of the cutting teeth and the inner cone sections is prolonged, the risk of drill bit mud bags can be greatly reduced by the combination arrangement of the directional nozzles 9 and the vertical jet flow nozzles 7, the rock debris can not be accumulated in the drill bit main blades 2, the invention can keep high efficiency and stability in the directional section, the well quality is good, and the drill bit and the mud bags are not easy to block.

As shown in the attached figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, vertical jet nozzle holes which are communicated with the inside and the outside are uniformly distributed on the drill bit body 1 corresponding to the position between the inner cone sections of the two main blades 2, the outer side of the lower part of the vertical jet nozzle 7 is hermetically screwed in the hole of the vertical jet nozzle 7, the upper end of the vertical jet nozzle 7 is higher than the top of the drill bit body 1, the height difference is between 1mm and 10mm, the center of the vertical jet nozzle 7 is provided with a conical channel which is small at the top and large at the bottom, and the diameter of the upper end of the channel is between 8mm and 11 mm.

According to the demand, perpendicular jet nozzle 7's upper end is higher than 1 top of drill bit body and the discrepancy in elevation is 10mm, in the use, through such setting, can avoid the detritus to pile up in 1 main wing of a knife 2 of drill bit body, reduces 1 mud bag risk of drill bit body, and the diameter of passageway upper end is between 8mm to 11mm, can make the broken rock of water conservancy and drill bit chip removal effect reach the optimum.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, and 5, the cutting tooth includes a first cylindrical section 5 and a tooth edge section 6, one end of the first cylindrical section 5 forms a convex of a spherical crown shape, the other end of the first cylindrical section 5 is fixedly connected with the edge-shaped tooth edge section 6 and inclines in a direction away from the crown profile of the main blade 2, an included angle between the central axis of the first cylindrical section 5 and the transverse crown profile surface of the main blade 2 at the corresponding position is between 5 ° and 15 °, the tip of each tooth edge section 6 is perpendicular to the tangent line of the crown profile of the main blade 2 at the corresponding position, and the gauge tooth 13 is in a semi-cylindrical shape.

According to requirements, the connection part of the other end of the first cylindrical section 5 and the blade-shaped tooth blade section 6 is in a smooth transition shape. In the using process, the cutting teeth firstly break the stratum when participating in cutting through the blade-shaped blade section 6, then carry out subsequent cutting, namely, the stratum is pre-crushed, the stability of the drill bit can be improved, the vibration is reduced, the cutting efficiency of the invention is improved, the included angle between the central axis of the first cylindrical section 5 and the profile surface of the transverse crown part of the main blade 2 at the corresponding position is between 5 degrees and 15 degrees, the loss can be reduced when the blade section 6 participates in cutting, and one end of the first cylindrical section 5 forms a spherical crown-shaped bulge, thereby being convenient for being brazed on the main blade 2.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, and 4, the conical pointed tooth includes a second cylindrical section 10 and a conical column section 11, the bottom end of the conical column section 11 is connected with the top end of the second cylindrical section 10, and the joint between the two is in a smooth transition shape, the conical column section 11 is a conical revolving body with a curved generatrix, and a composite layer 12 is arranged on the outer side of the pointed portion of the conical column section 11.

The composite layer 12 may be a PDC layer, as desired; the outer side of the lower end of the second cylindrical section 10 can be provided with a chamfer so as to be conveniently embedded on the drill bit body 1. In the use process, through the arrangement, the stress concentration of the conical sharp-pointed tooth can be reduced, the service life of the conical sharp-pointed tooth is prolonged, the composite layer 12 can further meet the requirement of drilling operation through the design, the abrasion of rocks and the like to the conical sharp-pointed tooth is reduced, and the problem that the tooth head and the tooth tip are easily abraded at high temperature due to the fact that the rocks and the conical sharp-pointed tooth are rubbed is reduced, so that the abrasion resistance of the conical sharp-pointed tooth can be improved, and the service life of the conical sharp-pointed tooth is further prolonged.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the distance between the top of the conical pointed tooth cone section 11 and the top of the cutting tooth edge section 6 is between 0.3mm and 2 mm.

In the use, through such setting, can satisfy the broken rock degree of depth of circular cone pinnacle tooth, play good guard action to the cutting tooth.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of side teeth 14 are vertically and alternately distributed on one side of the bit leg 3 away from the bit body 1, the tooth tops of the side teeth 14 are lower than the circumferential surface of the main blade 2, and the height difference is between 0.8mm and 1.2 mm.

The side teeth 14 may be reinforcing teeth (lengthened and thickened) as required, which can prevent the gauge teeth 13 of the present invention from wearing to reduce the borehole at high rotation speed and high drilling speed, and also help to stabilize the drill bit during drilling and maintain the borehole size, and the tooth top of each side tooth 14 is lower than the circumferential surface of the main blade 2 and has a height difference of 1 mm. In the use process, the arrangement can protect the bit leg 3 and the gauge teeth 13, and the service life of the invention is prolonged.

The technical characteristics form an embodiment of the invention, which has strong adaptability and implementation effect, and unnecessary technical characteristics can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.

Claims

1. a roller cone PDC compound drill bit, it is characterized in that comprising drill bit body, main blade and roller cone subassembly, the upper end of the drill bit body is evenly distributed with at least two main blade wings along the circumference at intervals, and the main blade blade is inwardly arranged along the crown contour. The outside is divided into inner cone section, nose section, shoulder section, outer cone section and gauge section in turn. Each main blade is provided with inclined cutting teeth along the inner cone section, nose section, shoulder section and outer cone section. , the end of each cutting tooth close to the cutting side of the corresponding main blade is inclined in the direction away from the contour of the crown of the main blade. Gauge teeth are arranged on the gauge part of each main blade above the teeth. The tooth tops of the cutting teeth, undercut eye teeth and gauge teeth are all located on the cutting side of each main blade. The nose of each main blade is There are conical apex teeth distributed on the outer surface of the part, and the bit body corresponding to the position between each adjacent two main blades is provided with a roller cone subassembly. The lower end of the cone is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the bit body, the cone is rotatably installed on the outside of the journal at the upper end of the tooth palm, the tooth top on the cone is higher than that of the conical apex tooth, and the tooth crest of the conical apex tooth is higher than the cutting tooth. crest.

2. The roller cone PDC compound drill bit according to claim 1 is characterized in that three main blades are distributed at intervals along the circumference on the bit body, and directional nozzles are distributed on the bit body corresponding to the position between every two main blades, Vertical jet nozzles are distributed on the drill bit body corresponding to the position between the inner cone sections of each two main blades, and the jet area of the vertical jet nozzles can cover all the cutting teeth arranged at the inner cone sections of the main blade.

3. The roller cone PDC compound drill bit according to claim 2 is characterized in that the drill bit body corresponding to the position between the inner cone sections of the two main blades is distributed with vertical jet nozzle holes that communicate inside and outside, and the outer side of the lower part of the vertical jet nozzle is distributed. The seal is screwed into the hole of the vertical jet nozzle. The upper end of the vertical jet nozzle is higher than the top of the drill body and the height difference is between 1 mm and 10 mm. There is a conical channel with a small upper and a large lower in the center of the vertical jet nozzle. The diameter of the upper end of the channel is between Between 8mm and 11mm.

4. The roller cone PDC compound drill bit according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the cutting tooth comprises a first cylindrical segment and a toothed edge segment, and one end of the first cylindrical segment forms a spherical crown protrusion, the first The other end of the cylindrical segment is fixedly connected with the blade-shaped toothed segment and is inclined in the direction away from the contour of the crown of the main blade. The angle is between 5° and 15°, the tip of each tooth segment is perpendicular to the tangent of the contour of the main blade crown at the corresponding position, and the gauge teeth are semi-cylindrical.

5. The roller cone PDC compound drill bit according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the conical apex tooth comprises a second cylindrical section and a conical cylindrical section, and the bottom end of the conical cylindrical section is connected with the top end of the second cylindrical section Together and the connection between the two is in a smooth transition shape, the cone-column section is a conical revolving body with an arc-shaped generatrix, and a composite layer is provided on the outside of the tip of the cone-column section.

6. The roller cone PDC compound drill bit according to claim 4, characterized in that the conical apex tooth comprises a second cylindrical segment and a conical cylindrical segment, the bottom end of the conical cylindrical segment is connected with the top end of the second cylindrical segment and the two are connected together. The connection between the two is in a smooth transition shape, the cone-column section is a conical revolving body with an arc-shaped generatrix, and a composite layer is provided on the outside of the tip of the cone-column section.

7 . The roller cone PDC compound drill bit according to claim 5 , wherein the distance between the top of the conical apex cone column segment and the top of the cutter tooth edge segment is between 0.3 mm and 2 mm. 8 .

8 . The roller cone PDC compound drill bit according to claim 6 , wherein the distance between the top of the conical apex cone column segment and the top of the cutter tooth edge segment is between 0.3 mm and 2 mm. 9 .

9. The roller cone PDC composite drill bit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 6 or 7 or 8, wherein the side of the tooth palm away from the bit body is staggered up and down with a number of side teeth, each The tooth tops of the side teeth are all lower than the circumferential surface of the main blade and the height difference is between 0.8mm and 1.2mm.

10. The roller cone PDC compound drill bit according to claim 5, wherein the side of the tooth palm away from the bit body is staggered up and down with a plurality of side teeth, and the tooth crest of each side tooth is lower than the circumference of the main blade. surface and the height difference is between 0.8mm and 1.2mm.