CN112144568A - Step type open caisson foundation and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Step type open caisson foundation and construction method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112144568A
CN112144568A CN202010988284.5A CN202010988284A CN112144568A CN 112144568 A CN112144568 A CN 112144568A CN 202010988284 A CN202010988284 A CN 202010988284A CN 112144568 A CN112144568 A CN 112144568A
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open caisson
caisson
foundation
equal
upper open
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Inventor
胡勇
陈述
闫杰超
秦顺全
高宗余
张胡
赵维阳
胡鹏
刘燃
马晨煜
梅大鹏
陆杨
徐华
闻云呈
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China Railway Major Bridge Reconnaissance and Design Institute Co Ltd
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China Railway Major Bridge Reconnaissance and Design Institute Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/02—Piers; Abutments ; Protecting same against drifting ice
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons

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  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a step open caisson foundation and a construction method thereof, wherein the step open caisson foundation comprises the following steps: an upper open caisson; the lower open caisson is used for being buried below a river bed and is positioned below the upper open caisson, and the lower open caisson extends out of a preset length relative to the upper open caisson in the horizontal direction; and a buffer part for weakening the submerged water flow, which is positioned at the joint of the upper open caisson and the lower open caisson. According to the step type open caisson foundation and the construction method thereof, the protection effect can be achieved without independently constructing protection measures around the pier, the later complicated work and high repair and maintenance cost are avoided, and the step type open caisson foundation has higher economic benefit.

Description

Step type open caisson foundation and construction method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pier local scour protection, in particular to a stepped open caisson foundation and a construction method thereof.
Background
At present, due to the water blocking effect of a pier, water flow in front of the pier flows vertically downwards and forms a horseshoe vortex structure on the near-bottom surface, the horseshoe vortex develops towards two sides to form a vortex system surrounding a pier body, silt on the bed surface of the pier on the water facing side starts, and is horizontally and vertically transported, and then a local scouring pit is formed around the pier foundation. Local scouring around the pier foundation is one of the leading causes of reduced safety or structural failure of the bridge structure.
In the related art, the scour protection measures of the bridge pier are divided into two categories, namely active protection and passive protection, wherein the active protection weakens the impact force of water flow by arranging a protection ring or a baffle plate so as to weaken the scour effect, and the passive protection weakens the scour effect by paving a protection layer such as broken stones on a river bed near the bridge pier so as to improve the scour resistance of the bed surface.
Although the anti-scour measures of the piers have a certain protection effect, the protection measures need to be independently built in the bridge construction process, the construction is complicated, and the later maintenance cost is high.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a new pier foundation to control the development of vortices near the pier and to weaken the water flow strength of the swirl rollers near the pier.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a step open caisson foundation and a construction method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that in the related art, in the bridge construction process, protection measures are independently built, the construction is complicated, and the later maintenance cost is high.
In a first aspect, a step open caisson foundation is provided, which includes: an upper open caisson; the lower open caisson is used for being buried below a river bed and is positioned below the upper open caisson, and the lower open caisson extends out of a preset length relative to the upper open caisson in the horizontal direction; and a buffer part for weakening the submerged water flow, which is positioned at the joint of the upper open caisson and the lower open caisson.
In some embodiments, the buffer portion connects the upper caisson and the lower caisson, and a top surface of the buffer portion has a size greater than or equal to a bottom surface of the upper caisson, and a bottom surface of the buffer portion has a size the same as a top surface of the lower caisson.
In some embodiments, a side of the buffer portion connecting the upper open caisson and the lower open caisson is a straight inclined surface, or a side of the buffer portion connecting the upper open caisson and the lower open caisson is an arc inclined surface.
In some embodiments, the side slope α of the buffer portion ranges from 0 ° α to 75 °.
In some embodiments, the two ends of the cross section of the upper open caisson are semicircular with the same size, the middle of the cross section of the upper open caisson is a rectangle, and the width b of the rectangle1Equal to twice the radius r of said semi-circle1Length a of said rectangle1A is more than or equal to 0, when a1When the diameter is 0, the cross section of the upper open caisson is circular.
In some embodiments, the extension length l of the lower open caisson relative to the upper open caisson is in a range of l ≥ 0.6r1。
In some embodiments, the bottom of the upper open caisson is connected to the lower open caisson, and the buffer part is disposed at the connection position of the upper open caisson and the lower open caisson.
In some embodiments, the buffer portion is a groove, and a top surface of the buffer portion has a size smaller than or equal to a top surface of the lower open caisson, and a bottom surface of the buffer portion has a size equal to a bottom surface of the upper open caisson.
In some embodiments, the side surface of the buffer part is an inclined surface, and the side surface gradient alpha of the buffer part is in a range of-45 degrees and less than or equal to alpha and less than or equal to 0 degree.
In a second aspect, a method for constructing the step-type open caisson foundation is provided, which includes the following steps: burying the lower open caisson below a general scour line of the river bed; wherein the position of the general flushing line is taken as a general flushing depth hpAnd the maximum of the envelope of the cross section at the bridge site of the river section; the general flush depth hpThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002689974620000021
wherein, single wide flow rate concentration factor
Figure BDA0002689974620000022
B is the average width of bridge pier, H is the average depth of water, L is the width of river channel, H1Designing maximum water depth of section h under bridgeaDesigning the average water depth of the section under the bridge, wherein d is the average grain size of the silt and the unit is mm; e is a parameter related to sand content in a flood season, and Q is section overflow flow.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the embodiment of the invention provides a step-type open caisson foundation and a construction method thereof, wherein a lower open caisson extends out of a preset length relative to an upper open caisson in the horizontal direction, when incoming water flow impacts the upper open caisson, formed submerged water flow can flow downwards onto the lower open caisson along the outer wall surface of the upper open caisson, a horseshoe vortex system formed on the lower open caisson brings the incoming water flow to the downstream, the submerged water flow is prevented from directly acting on a river bed surface, the submerged water flow is prevented from directly scouring the river bed surface around a bridge pier, and a good protection effect is achieved; and because the adjacent position of the upper sunk well and the lower sunk well is also provided with the buffer part, the buffer part can further weaken the strength of the horseshoe vortex-shaped submerged water flow and further protect the riverbed surface around the pier, so that the protection effect can be achieved without independently constructing protection measures around the pier, the later complicated work and high repair and maintenance cost are avoided, and the economic benefit is higher.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a first step caisson foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a left side view schematically illustrating a first step caisson foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a first step caisson foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a second step caisson foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic left-side view of a second step caisson foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a second step caisson foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic front view of a third step caisson foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic left view of a third step caisson foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a third step caisson foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic front view of a fourth step caisson foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a left side view schematically illustrating a fourth step caisson according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of a fourth step caisson foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an upper open caisson; 2. a lower open caisson; 3. a buffer section; 31. a side surface.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a step open caisson foundation and a construction method thereof, which can solve the problems that in the related art, in the bridge construction process, protection measures are independently built, the construction is complicated, and the later maintenance cost is high.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a stepped caisson foundation provided in an embodiment of the present invention is a foundation for a pier at the bottom of a pier, and includes: an upper open caisson 1; a lower open caisson 2, which is used for being buried under the river bed, is located below the upper open caisson 1, and the lower open caisson 2 extends out of a preset length in the horizontal direction relative to the upper open caisson 1 (that is, the cross section size of the lower open caisson 2 is larger than that of the upper open caisson 1, and any one side of the lower open caisson 2 extends out of the preset length in the horizontal direction relative to the corresponding side of the upper open caisson 1); and a buffering part 3 for attenuating a submerged current, which is located adjacent to the upper open caisson 1 and the lower open caisson 2, it being understood that the buffering part 3 is provided at a position where the upper open caisson 1 and the lower open caisson 2 are close to each other.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the upper open caisson 1 may be circular, rectangular, or rhombic, and in this embodiment, both ends of the cross-section of the upper open caisson 1 are semi-circles with the same size, the middle of the cross-section is rectangular, and the radius of the semi-circle is r1Width b of the rectangle1Radius r of a semicircle equal to two times1Length of rectangle a1A is more than or equal to 0, when a1When the value is 0, the cross section of the upper open caisson 1 is circular; in this embodiment, the radius r of the semicircle at the two ends of the upper open caisson 110.285m, width b of rectangle10.57m, length a of rectangle10.53m and the vertical height of the upper caisson 1 is preferably 0.5 m.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in some alternative embodiments, the lower caisson 2 may be located right below the upper caisson 1, the cross-sectional shape of the lower caisson 2 may also be circular, rectangular, or diamond, and the like, and in this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the lower caisson 2 is the same as that of the upper caisson 1, that is, two ends of the cross-sectional shape of the lower caisson 2 are semi-circles with the same size, the middle of the cross-sectional shape is rectangular, and the radius of the semi-circle is r2Width b of the rectangle2Radius r of a semicircle equal to two times2Length of rectangle a2A is more than or equal to 0, when a2When the value is 0, the cross section of the lower open caisson 2 is circular; the extension length l ═ r of the lower open caisson 2 to the upper open caisson 12-r1The extension length l is greater than or equal to 0.6r1Here, it should be understood that the horseshoe vortex main vortex is approximately 0.6r ahead of the pier1And the extension length of the lower open caisson 2 relative to the upper open caisson 1 is more than 0.6r1The horseshoe vortex-shaped submerged water flow can be completely positioned on the upper surface of the lower open caisson 2 when moving to the lower open caisson 2, and partial submerged water flow is prevented from entering a river bed from the outer wall surface of the lower open caisson 2; in this embodiment, the lower open caisson 2 has halves at both endsRadius r of the circle20.415m, width b of rectangle20.83m, length a of rectangle20.53m and the vertical height of the lower caisson 2 is preferably 0.5 m.
Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 7, in some embodiments, a buffer part 3 may be located between an upper caisson 1 and a lower caisson 2, an upper end of the buffer part 3 may be connected to a bottom of the upper caisson 1, a lower end of the buffer part 3 may be connected to a top of the lower caisson 2, a top surface of the buffer part 3 may have a size greater than or equal to a size of a bottom surface of the upper caisson 1, a bottom surface of the buffer part 3 may have a size equal to a size of a top surface of the lower caisson 2, when the size of the top surface of the buffer part 3 is greater than the size of the bottom surface of the upper caisson 1, the top surface of the buffer part 3 may protrude outward in a horizontal direction by a distance with respect to the bottom surface of the upper caisson 1, and a top surface of the buffer part 3 may have a shape equal to a shape of the bottom surface of the upper caisson 1, the upper caisson 1 is connected to the lower caisson 2 through the buffer part 3, and the lower caisson 1 flows, the transition through the buffer 3 to the lower open caisson 2 can weaken the intensity of the submerged water flow flowing to the lower open caisson 2.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, preferably, the side surface 31 of the buffer part 3 connecting the upper open caisson 1 and the lower open caisson 2 can be a linear inclined surface, so that the flow path of the submerged water flow attached to the pier wall is lengthened, the resistance is increased, and the on-way strength of the transverse water flow of the bottom layer can be diffused (the incoming water flow is generally in the longitudinal direction); as shown in fig. 5 and 8, the side surface 31 of the buffer part 3 connecting the upper caisson 1 and the lower caisson 2 may also be an arc-shaped inclined surface, which not only can lengthen the flow path of the submerged water flow against the pier wall, but also can have a certain flow-deflecting effect on the submerged water flow, so as to reduce the power of the submerged water flow and further reduce the washing of the front section of the pier by the water flow of the swirl rollers by starting from a water flow disturbance structure, in the embodiment, the arc-shaped inclined surface is concave (see fig. 7 to 9) or convex (see fig. 4 to 6).
Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 7, on the basis of the above technical solution, the side slope α of the buffer part 3 may range from 0 ° ≦ α ≦ 75 °, which can greatly weaken the strength of the submerged water flow, and it should be understood that the side slope, i.e., the slope of the side 31 of the buffer part 3, i.e., the ratio of the vertical height of the side 31 to the distance in the horizontal direction; in the present embodiment, the side slope α of the cushioning portion 3 is preferably 45 °.
Referring to fig. 10 to 12, in some alternative embodiments, the bottom of the upper open caisson 1 may be directly connected to the lower open caisson 2, and the buffer part 3 may be disposed at the connection position of the upper open caisson 1 and the lower open caisson 2, so as to avoid that when the connection position of the upper open caisson 1 and the lower open caisson 2 is a right angle, the direct intersection of the submerged current and the forward inflow current of the pier may generate a strong impact on the bed surface.
Referring to fig. 10, preferably, the buffering part 3 may be a groove dug at the top of the lower caisson 2, and the size of the top surface of the buffering part 3 may be smaller than or equal to the size of the top surface of the lower caisson 2, and the size of the bottom surface of the buffering part 3 may be equal to the size of the bottom surface of the upper caisson 1, that is, the maximum outer size of the top opening of the buffering part 3 may be smaller than the outer size of the top surface of the lower caisson 2, or equal to the outer size of the top surface of the lower caisson 2, so that the submerged water can flow into the buffering part 3 along the wall surface of the upper caisson 1, and energy consumption can be performed in the buffering part 3, thereby reducing the submergence force; in other embodiments, the buffer portion 3 may also be a protrusion disposed on the top surface of the lower caisson 2, the buffer portion 3 may form a ring shape around the upper caisson 1, and the buffer portion 3 may have a gap with the outer wall surface of the upper caisson 1, and the submerged water flow may flow into the gap between the buffer portion 3 and the upper caisson 1 along the wall surface of the upper caisson 1, and may also weaken the submerged water flow, and simultaneously avoid the direct intersection of the submerged water flow and the pier forward water flow.
Referring to fig. 11, in some embodiments, when the buffer part 3 is a groove, the side surface 31 of the buffer part 3 may be a slope, and the side slope α of the buffer part 3 may range from-45 ° ≦ α ≦ 0 °, and the intensity of the submerged water flow may be greatly weakened, and in this embodiment, it is preferable that the side slope α of the buffer part 3 be-45 °.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a construction method of the step type open caisson foundation, which comprises the following steps: the lower open caisson 2 is buried under the general flush line of the river bed.
Wherein the position of the general flushing line is the general flushing depth hpAnd the maximum of the envelope of the cross section at the bridge site of the river section; general depth of flushing hpThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002689974620000071
wherein A is single wide flux concentration factor, and
Figure BDA0002689974620000072
b is the average width of bridge pier, H is the average depth of water, L is the width of river channel, H1Designing maximum water depth of section h under bridgeaDesigning the average water depth of the section under the bridge, wherein d is the average grain size of the silt and the unit is mm; q is the section overflow flow, E is a parameter related to the sand content in the flood season, and when the average value rho of the maximum sand content in the annual flood season month (3 months) observed by flood is less than 1.0 (the unit is kg/m3, the same below), E is 0.46; when rho is between 1.0 and 10.0, E is 0.66, and when rho is more than 10.0, E is 0.86.
The principles of the step open caisson foundation and the construction method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention are as follows:
because the lower open caisson 2 extends out of the upper open caisson 1 by a preset length in the horizontal direction, when the inflow water flow impacts the upper open caisson 1, the formed submerged water flow can flow downwards onto the lower open caisson 2 along the outer wall surface of the upper open caisson 1, and the horseshoe vortex system formed on the lower open caisson 2 is brought to the downstream by the inflow water flow, so that the submerged water flow is prevented from directly acting on the surface of the river bed, the submerged water flow is prevented from directly scouring the surface of the river bed around the bridge pier, and a good protection effect is achieved; in addition, as the buffer part 3 is also arranged at the adjacent position of the upper open caisson 1 and the lower open caisson 2, the buffer part 3 can further weaken the strength of the horseshoe vortex-shaped submerged water flow, and further protect the river bed surface around the bridge pier; meanwhile, even if a certain local scouring is caused by turbulent fluctuation of water flow around the pier, the slope or circular arc-shaped inclined plane design of the buffer part 3 still has the scouring slowing effect, so that the stepped open caisson foundation provided by the invention starts from the design link of a bridge foundation, can achieve the protection effect without independently constructing protection measures around the pier, avoids complex and complicated work and high repair and maintenance cost in the later period, and has higher economic benefit.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
It is to be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A step open caisson foundation, its characterized in that, it includes:
an upper open caisson (1);
the lower open caisson (2) is buried below a river bed and is positioned below the upper open caisson (1), and the lower open caisson (2) extends out of the upper open caisson (1) by a preset length in the horizontal direction;
and a buffer part (3) for weakening the submerged water flow, which is positioned at the joint of the upper open caisson (1) and the lower open caisson (2).
2. A stepped caisson foundation as defined in claim 1, wherein:
buffer portion (3) are connected upper portion open caisson (1) with lower part open caisson (2), just the top surface size of buffer portion (3) is greater than or equal to the bottom surface size of upper portion open caisson (1), the bottom surface size of buffer portion (3) with the top surface size of lower part open caisson (2) is the same.
3. A stepped caisson foundation as defined in claim 2, wherein:
the side face (31) of the buffer part (3) connected with the upper open caisson (1) and the lower open caisson (2) is a linear inclined face, or the side face (31) of the buffer part (3) connected with the upper open caisson (1) and the lower open caisson (2) is a circular arc inclined face.
4. A stepped caisson foundation as defined in claim 3, wherein:
the value range of the side slope alpha of the buffer part (3) is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 75 degrees.
5. A stepped caisson foundation as defined in claim 1, wherein:
the two ends of the cross section of the upper open caisson (1) are in the shape of a semicircle with the same size, the middle of the cross section of the upper open caisson is in the shape of a rectangle, and the width b of the rectangle1Equal to twice the radius r of said semi-circle1Length a of said rectangle1A is more than or equal to 0, when a1When the diameter is 0, the cross section of the upper open caisson (1) is circular.
6. A stepped caisson foundation as defined in claim 5, wherein:
the extension length l of the lower open caisson (2) relative to the upper open caisson (1) is greater than or equal to 0.6r1。
7. A stepped caisson foundation as defined in claim 1, wherein:
the bottom of the upper open caisson (1) is connected with the lower open caisson (2), and the buffer part (3) is arranged at the joint of the upper open caisson (1) and the lower open caisson (2).
8. A stepped caisson foundation as defined in claim 7, wherein:
buffer portion (3) are the recess, just the top surface size of buffer portion (3) is less than or equal to the top surface size of lower part open caisson (2), the bottom surface size of buffer portion (3) equals the bottom surface size of upper portion open caisson (1).
9. A stepped caisson foundation as defined in claim 8, wherein:
the side surface (31) of the buffer part (3) is an inclined surface, and the value range of the side surface gradient alpha of the buffer part (3) is more than or equal to minus 45 degrees and less than or equal to 0 degrees.
10. A method for constructing a foundation of a stepped open caisson according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
burying the lower open caisson (2) below a general flushing line of the river bed;
wherein the position of the general flushing line is taken as a general flushing depth hpAnd the maximum of the envelope of the cross section at the bridge site of the river section;
the general flush depth hpThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002689974610000021
wherein, single wide flow rate concentration factor
Figure FDA0002689974610000022
B is the average width of bridge pier, H is the average depth of water, L is the width of river channel, H1Designing maximum water depth of section h under bridgeaDesigning the average water depth of the section under the bridge, wherein d is the average grain size of the silt and the unit is mm; e is a parameter related to sand content in a flood season, and Q is section overflow flow.
CN202010988284.5A 2020-09-18 2020-09-18 Step type open caisson foundation and construction method thereof Pending CN112144568A (en)

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CN113202128A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-08-03 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 Ultra-large type deep water step type open caisson and soil taking strategy and construction method thereof
CN113529590A (en) * 2021-09-06 2021-10-22 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 Multi-stage cushion protection method capable of slowing down local scouring of pier foundation
CN114809067A (en) * 2022-06-08 2022-07-29 西南交通大学 Multifunctional bridge foundation structure suitable for deep water strong wave and strong current environment of channel of strait

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Application publication date: 20201229