CN112140528A - Continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with Z-direction reinforcing function - Google Patents
Continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with Z-direction reinforcing function Download PDFInfo
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- CN112140528A CN112140528A CN202010907670.7A CN202010907670A CN112140528A CN 112140528 A CN112140528 A CN 112140528A CN 202010907670 A CN202010907670 A CN 202010907670A CN 112140528 A CN112140528 A CN 112140528A
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- continuous fiber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
Abstract
The invention relates to a continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with a Z-direction reinforcing function, belongs to the crossing field of composite materials and additive manufacturing, and solves the problem that a continuous fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material prepared by an additive manufacturing technology is poor in interlaminar shear performance. The invention provides a continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with a Z-direction reinforcing function. The invention breaks through the mode of printing the continuous fiber additive manufacturing plane layer by layer, further improves the interlayer mechanical property of the composite material by combining the mode of printing the plane layer by layer and printing the curved surface, realizes the subarea printing and the complex curved surface printing of the continuous fiber additive manufacturing, leads the fiber structure in the composite material member to present complex and diversified structures, and exerts the advantage of the anisotropy of the composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with a Z-direction reinforcing function, and belongs to the technical field of crossing of composite materials and additive manufacturing.
Background
Continuous Fiber Additive Manufacturing (CFAM) is to print continuous fiber reinforced resin matrix composite wires layer by additive manufacturing equipment, perform slicing and path/track planning on a digital model, regulate and control process parameters such as equipment speed, temperature, printing distance, layer thickness and the like, and realize printing and forming of a composite material complex component. The method and the technology have the advantages of short process flow, less manufacturing process procedures, less environmental pollution, low energy consumption and the like, can realize the integrated forming of personalized, small-batch and complex structural components, and have higher application value. The Z-direction (interlayer) mechanical property of the continuous fiber reinforced composite material member formed by adopting plane layer-by-layer printing is insufficient, the phenomena of shearing or impact delamination and the like are easy to occur, the reliability and the service life of the composite material member are influenced, and the wide application and the technical popularization of the continuous fiber additive manufacturing formed composite material member are restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with a Z-direction reinforcing function, which is provided for improving the interlayer bonding performance of continuous fiber additive manufacturing and divides a composite material component into areas according to the performance requirement, the structural characteristics and the Z-direction dimension of the composite material component, introduces continuous fibers in the Z direction of the composite material component by constructing a curved surface structural area, breaks through the form of plane layer-by-layer printing along the Z direction in the continuous fiber additive manufacturing, and improves the interlayer bonding performance of the continuous fiber additive manufacturing. The interlayer performance of the formed composite material member is improved or enhanced, the high-quality forming of the continuous fiber reinforced composite material additive manufacturing is realized, and a foundation is laid for the application and popularization of the continuous fiber additive manufacturing technology.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with a Z-direction reinforcing function is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
establishing a three-dimensional model of a continuous fiber reinforced composite material member, and acquiring contour data of the member model according to the three-dimensional model;
secondly, designing the internal fiber structure of the composite material for the three-dimensional model according to the characteristics, performance requirements and Z-direction size of the component;
carrying out unit division according to the Z-direction size of the three-dimensional model, wherein the unit division can be divided into a plurality of units, each unit consists of three areas, namely a curved surface supporting area, a curved surface area and a curved surface covering area, if the Z-direction size is larger, the unit cannot be divided into one unit, the unit is divided into a plurality of units, otherwise, the unit consists of one unit, and the curved surface area is the largest in the Z-direction size;
layering each region according to the internal fiber structure design, planning each layer of path/track in the region, and effectively connecting the paths/tracks between adjacent layers;
adopting a plane filling path/track to plan the path/track of the curved surface supporting area and the curved surface covering area;
sixthly, planning the path/track of the curved surface area by adopting the curved surface path/track;
seventhly, printing is carried out by adopting continuous fiber additive manufacturing equipment, and the equipment is provided with a multi-shaft movement mechanism which is at least four-shaft equipment;
placing the resin-based continuous fiber composite wire suitable for the member on a wire feeding system and penetrating through a printing nozzle;
ninthly, heating the printing nozzle to the required temperature, and maintaining the temperature until the printing is finished;
driving a printing nozzle to print and mold the fused composite wire on a working platform according to route/track planning of all areas at the salt part;
Further, in the second step, the three-dimensional model may be divided into regions in three-dimensional modeling software.
Furthermore, in the second step, the multi-unit structure breaks through the traditional layer-by-layer (plane) printing form, and the curved surface area is adopted to connect other areas together, so that the continuous fiber is introduced in the Z direction.
Furthermore, in the third step, the three areas of the unit structure are combined by various model structures to construct different internal fiber structures.
And further, in the step three, the curved surface supporting area is printed by adopting a supporting material, and the curved surface covering area is selectively printed to construct the continuous fiber reinforced complex curved surface composite material component.
Further, in the third step, the support material includes polyvinyl alcohol, high impact polystyrene, polyvinyl butyral, etc.
Further, in the fifth step, the planar filling path/trajectory includes contour offset, raster path, and the like.
Further, in the sixth step, the curved path/track includes a U direction, a V direction, a circular direction, and the like.
Further, in the step viii, the continuous fiber includes carbon fiber, aramid fiber, nylon fiber, glass fiber, and the like.
Further, in the step viii, the resin base is thermoplastic resin, including polylactic acid, polyamide, ABS, PA66, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, polyether ketone, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, and the like.
Further, in step r, before the printing nozzle performs continuous fiber reinforced composite printing, the workbench and the printing chamber are preheated according to the requirements of different resin printing processes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the three-dimensional model of the composite material component is divided into units along the Z direction, and the continuous fibers are introduced into the composite material component along the Z direction by constructing the curved surface structural area, so that the traditional form of plane layer-by-layer printing along the Z direction can be broken through, the plane layer-by-layer printing and the curved surface printing are combined, the interlayer performance of the continuous fiber additive manufacturing composite material is further improved, the efficient and high-quality forming of the continuous fiber reinforced composite material additive manufacturing is realized, and the beneficial effects are as follows:
firstly, designing a three-dimensional model of a component according to the characteristics, performance requirements and Z-direction dimension of the component to design an internal fiber structure of the composite material;
secondly, carrying out unit division according to the Z-direction size of the model, wherein each unit consists of three areas, namely a curved surface supporting area, a curved surface area and a curved surface covering area;
and thirdly, continuous fibers are introduced into the composite material member in the Z direction, so that the traditional additive manufacturing mode can be broken through, the plane layer-by-layer printing and the curved surface printing are combined, the diversification of the fiber structure in the composite material is improved, the additive manufacturing of the continuous fiber reinforced composite material is promoted to be integrated into the personalized, functional and complex structure, and a foundation is laid for the high-performance and high-quality forming of the composite material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with Z-direction reinforcement according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with Z-direction reinforcement according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a curved surface path;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an additive manufactured continuous fiber reinforced composite component;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fiber structure within the cross-section of a composite member;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional internal fiber structure of a composite member;
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of a cross-sectional internal fiber structure of a composite member;
FIG. 8 is a fourth schematic view of a cross-sectional internal fiber structure of a composite member;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional internal fiber structure of a composite member.
Reference numerals
1-curved surface support area 2-wire feeder 3-printing nozzle 4-positive printing layer 5-curved surface area 6-printing platform 7-curved surface coverage area
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the invention relates to a continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with a Z-direction reinforcing function, which comprises the following specific steps of:
establishing a three-dimensional model of a continuous fiber reinforced composite material member, and acquiring contour data of the member model according to the three-dimensional model;
according to the characteristics, performance requirements and Z-direction dimension of the component, designing the internal fiber structure of the composite material for the three-dimensional model;
the unit division is carried out according to the Z-direction size of the model, each unit consists of three areas, namely a curved surface supporting area, a curved surface area and a curved surface covering area, if the Z-direction size is larger, the unit cannot be divided into one unit, the unit is divided into a plurality of units, otherwise, the unit consists of one unit, and the curved surface area is the largest in the Z-direction size; three areas of the unit structure are combined by various model structures to construct different internal fiber structures, and medium-thickness components are printed to form schematic internal fiber structures, and the internal fiber structure form is not limited by the reference of fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8; when the model is large in Z-direction size, a plurality of units form a component, and the internal fiber structure refers to FIG. 9 without limitation; the curved surface support area in the three areas of the unit structure is printed by adopting a support material, and the curved surface coverage area can be selectively printed to construct the continuous fiber reinforced complex curved surface composite material component.
According to the internal fiber structure design, layering each region, planning each layer of path/track in the region, and effectively connecting the paths/tracks between adjacent layers;
adopting a plane filling path/track to plan the path/track of the structures of the curved surface supporting area and the curved surface covering area;
adopting the curved surface path/track to plan the curved surface path/track of the curved surface area, and referring to fig. 3;
printing by adopting continuous fiber additive manufacturing equipment, wherein the equipment is provided with a multi-axis movement mechanism which is at least four-axis equipment; disposing a resin-based continuous fiber composite filament suitable for the member on a wire feed system and through a print jet;
the resin-based continuous fiber composite wire can be a carbon fiber reinforced polylactic acid composite wire or an aramid fiber reinforced polylactic acid composite wire and the like, and the diameter range of the wire is 0.5mm-2 mm.
Heating the printing nozzle to the temperature of about 190-210 ℃ required by the melting of the polylactic resin, heating the printing platform to the required temperature of 20-60 ℃ and maintaining the temperature until the printing is finished;
printing and molding the fused composite wire material on a working platform, referring to fig. 2, driving a printing nozzle according to the route/track design of each area, and referring to fig. 4, wherein a curved surface area fiber structure of a printing sample piece is shown;
and in the printing process, the wire feeding system supplies composite wires to the printing nozzle in real time, and adjusts and controls the wire feeding speed according to the printing speed until additive manufacturing of the composite material member is realized.
Taking a printing sample, recovering the composite wire, cleaning the printing nozzle and preparing for printing the next sample.
The above embodiments are further illustrative of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention to only the above embodiments. All the technologies realized based on the above contents belong to the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with a Z-direction reinforcing function is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
establishing a three-dimensional model of a continuous fiber reinforced composite material member, and acquiring contour data of the member model according to the three-dimensional model;
secondly, designing the internal fiber structure of the composite material for the three-dimensional model according to the characteristics, performance requirements and Z-direction size of the component;
carrying out unit division according to the Z-direction size of the three-dimensional model, wherein the unit division can be divided into a plurality of units, each unit consists of three areas, namely a curved surface supporting area, a curved surface area and a curved surface covering area, if the Z-direction size is larger, the unit cannot be divided into one unit, the unit is divided into a plurality of units, otherwise, the unit consists of one unit, and the curved surface area is the largest in the Z-direction size;
layering each region according to the internal fiber structure design, planning each layer of path/track in the region, and effectively connecting the paths/tracks between adjacent layers;
adopting a plane filling path/track to plan the path/track of the curved surface supporting area and the curved surface covering area;
sixthly, planning the path/track of the curved surface area by adopting the curved surface path/track;
seventhly, printing is performed by selecting continuous fiber additive manufacturing equipment, wherein the continuous fiber additive manufacturing equipment is provided with a multi-shaft movement mechanism which is at least four-shaft equipment;
placing the resin-based continuous fiber composite wire suitable for the member on a wire feeding system and penetrating through a printing nozzle;
ninthly, heating the printing nozzle to the required temperature, and maintaining the temperature until the printing is finished;
driving a printing nozzle to print and mold the fused composite wire on a working platform according to route/track planning of all areas at the salt part;
2. The method for manufacturing continuous fiber additive with Z-direction enhancing function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional model in step (ii) can be divided into regions in a three-dimensional modeling software.
3. The method for manufacturing the continuous fiber additive with the Z-direction reinforcing function according to claim 1, wherein the multi-unit structure breaks through a traditional layer-by-layer (plane) printing mode, and other areas are connected together by adopting a curved surface area to realize the Z-direction introduction of the continuous fiber.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the three regions of the unit structure are combined by a plurality of model structures to construct different internal fiber structures.
5. The method for manufacturing the continuous fiber additive with the Z-direction reinforcing function according to claim 4, wherein the three areas are formed by printing the curved surface supporting area with the supporting material and selectively printing the curved surface covering area to construct the continuous fiber reinforced complex curved surface composite material component.
6. The method for manufacturing the continuous fiber additive with the Z-direction reinforcing function according to claim 4, wherein the supporting material comprises polyvinyl alcohol, high impact polystyrene, polyvinyl butyral and the like.
7. A method according to claim 1, wherein step (c) is performed by filling the paths/trajectories with flat surfaces, including contour deviations and raster paths.
8. The continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with the Z-direction reinforcing function according to claim 1, wherein the curved path/track includes U direction, V direction, hoop direction and the like.
9. The method for manufacturing continuous fibers with Z-direction reinforcement function according to claim 1, wherein the continuous fibers comprise carbon fibers, aramid fibers, nylon fibers, glass fibers, etc.
10. The method for manufacturing continuous fiber additive with Z-direction reinforcement function according to claim 1, wherein the resin base in step viii is thermoplastic resin, including polylactic acid, polyamide, ABS, PA66, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, polyether ketone, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, etc.
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| CN202010907670.7A CN112140528A (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2020-09-02 | Continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with Z-direction reinforcing function |
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| CN202010907670.7A CN112140528A (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2020-09-02 | Continuous fiber additive manufacturing method with Z-direction reinforcing function |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114393820A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-26 | 山东大学 | Multi-nozzle 3D printing-oriented continuous fiber path generation method and storage medium |
| CN114407353A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-04-29 | 南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司 | Composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115351291A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-18 | 西安交通大学 | Electronic component preparation method based on metal wire continuous fiber 3D printing process |
| CN115475962A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-16 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Integrated device for additive forming and material reducing processing and design method |
| WO2023240747A1 (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-12-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multi-degree-of-freedom additive manufacturing based printing method for helmet |
| CN117400609A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2024-01-16 | 肥城三合工程材料有限公司 | Fiber reinforced composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117400609B (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2024-05-03 | 肥城三合工程材料有限公司 | Fiber reinforced composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023240747A1 (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-12-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multi-degree-of-freedom additive manufacturing based printing method for helmet |
| CN115351291A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-18 | 西安交通大学 | Electronic component preparation method based on metal wire continuous fiber 3D printing process |
| CN115475962A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-16 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Integrated device for additive forming and material reducing processing and design method |
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| CN117400609B (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2024-05-03 | 肥城三合工程材料有限公司 | Fiber reinforced composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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