CN112139467B - Water gap action control method based on prolonging service life of sliding water gap - Google Patents

Water gap action control method based on prolonging service life of sliding water gap Download PDF

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CN112139467B
CN112139467B CN201910575881.2A CN201910575881A CN112139467B CN 112139467 B CN112139467 B CN 112139467B CN 201910575881 A CN201910575881 A CN 201910575881A CN 112139467 B CN112139467 B CN 112139467B
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sliding
water gap
tundish
molten steel
ladle
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CN112139467A (en
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申屠理锋
职建军
胡继康
徐国栋
蒋鹏
吴杰
奚嘉奇
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Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
    • B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
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Abstract

The invention discloses a water gap action control method based on prolonging the service life of a sliding water gap, which comprises the following steps of 1: data processing module (7) recognizesThe operation scale factor P and the operation delay time T of the differential sliding gate (2)D(ii) a Step 2: the tundish platform scale (8) collects the weight of the tundish (3), and the data processing module judges the tundish weight WTSet weight W relative to tundish processT0Whether or not the falling range of (2) exceeds the limit value DeltaWTIf yes, executing the step 3, otherwise, returning to the step 1; and step 3: calculating the opening set value O of the sliding gateSAnd a current opening value O0(ii) a And 4, step 4: calculating the opening adjustment T of the sliding gateAThe sliding water gap actuating mechanism (6) adjusts the quantity T according to the openingAAdjusting the opening of the sliding gate and returning to the step 1, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: t isA＝P(OS‑O0)+TD. The invention can comprehensively evaluate the condition of the continuous casting system and optimally control the action of the sliding nozzle, reduce the opening and closing frequency of the nozzle and prolong the service life of the sliding nozzle on the premise of not influencing the casting production.

Description

Water gap action control method based on prolonging service life of sliding water gap
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control method in a continuous casting production process, in particular to a water gap action control method based on prolonging the service life of a sliding water gap.
Background
The sliding gate is a molten steel flow control device installed at the bottom of a ladle, and connects the relevant refractory frames of the molten steel flow channel by its structure, so that the molten steel flows from the ladle into the tundish in a shielded state. The basic structure of the sliding gate valve is divided into three parts: a fixed part (including a base and a bracket), a sliding part (a sliding plate) and a driving component. The sliding water gap is driven by a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is started to pull the sliding part (sliding plate) to a working position, so that the opening and closing of the sliding water gap are realized. The sliding water gap can effectively adjust the flow of molten steel from a ladle to a tundish, ensures the stability of the liquid level of the tundish and the replacement of the ladle, and is one of core devices for the molten steel casting of the ladle of a continuous casting machine.
In the process of casting molten steel, a sliding nozzle needs to bear the huge pressure and the extremely high temperature of molten steel in a ladle, and any fine deformation, cracks and machining deviation of a sliding plate can generate a gap which is enough for the molten steel to permeate under the corrosion and the scouring of the molten steel, so that steel clamping and even steel leakage accidents are caused. In the metallurgical industry, many methods are tried in order to reduce the use cost, prolong the service life of the sliding gate and reduce casting accidents. Such as:
1. the invention discloses a sliding nozzle outer nozzle brick for slag stopping of a ZrB2-SiC composite powder modified converter and a preparation method thereof, and aims to improve the thermal shock performance and the thermal shock performance of a nozzle by introducing a novel material.
2. The Chinese patent application CN201510022819.2 discloses a flow control structure of a tundish sliding nozzle by using a sliding nozzle with a new structure, and the sliding cavity is added in the middle of a sliding plate to reduce the abrasion of the sliding plate, thereby improving the sealing performance.
The existing processes for optimising and controlling sliding gate valves, including the above-mentioned methods, still far fail to improve the life of the sliding gate valve to a satisfactory level due to the high pressure, high temperature and high corrosiveness of the continuous cast steel.
Under an ideal state, after the ladle is cast, the opening of the sliding water gap is at a fixed value and does not need to be opened and closed frequently, but the opening of the sliding water gap needs to be adjusted continuously in order to keep the liquid level of the tundish stable due to the influence of factors such as continuous reduction of the pressure of molten steel in the ladle, change of the pulling speed of a downstream casting blank and the like. Due to the limitation of severe field environment, the measurement of the opening of the sliding water gap is difficult, and meanwhile, the sliding plate is continuously abraded, so that the controlled object has time-varying property. Therefore, in the conventional continuous casting sliding gate valve control system, range control is generally used, namely, the molten steel level of the tundish is ensured to be stabilized within a certain range. If the liquid level of the tundish is too low, the opening of the water gap is continuously increased; otherwise, the opening of the water gap is reduced. Under the control, the liquid level of the tundish is always in the vertical oscillation, the sliding nozzle is in the continuous opening and closing, the sliding nozzle is frequently opened and closed in the whole steel casting process, the abrasion is intensified, the service life of the sliding nozzle is reduced, and on continuous casting production lines of many steel plants, the service life of the sliding nozzle is often only a few heats and the sliding nozzle needs to be replaced.
In the practice of continuous casting production, the action frequency of the sliding water gap in the pouring process has great influence on the service life of the sliding water gap, the sliding plate is easy to corrode by frequently opening and closing the water gap, and molten steel permeates into the sliding plate, so that the service life of the sliding plate is reduced. At present, no equipment or process capable of prolonging the service life of the sliding gate through controlling the action of the sliding gate exists in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water gap action control method based on prolonging of the service life of a sliding water gap, which can comprehensively evaluate the condition of a continuous casting system and optimally control the action of the sliding water gap, reduce the switching frequency of the water gap and prolong the service life of the sliding water gap on the premise of not influencing the casting production.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a water gap action control method based on prolonging the service life of a sliding water gap is realized based on a control device of the action of the sliding water gap, and the control device of the action of the sliding water gap comprises a ladle rotary platform scale, a sliding water gap driving mechanism, a data processing module and a tundish platform scale; the ladle is arranged on the ladle turret, and the weight of the ladle is measured by a ladle turret scale on the ladle turret; molten steel in a ladle flows into a tundish through a long nozzle, and the size of the molten steel is adjusted by controlling the opening degree of a sliding nozzle arranged above the long nozzle through a sliding nozzle driving mechanism; the tundish is arranged on the tundish rotary table, the weight of the tundish is measured by a tundish platform scale on the tundish rotary table, the ladle rotary platform scale, the sliding nozzle driving mechanism and the tundish platform scale are respectively connected with a data processing module, and the data processing module is externally connected with a continuous casting central control system;
the control method comprises the following steps:
step 1: number ofIdentifying the action proportionality coefficient P and the action delay time T of the sliding gate according to the processing moduleD；
Step 2: the platform scale of the tundish collects the weight of the tundish, and the data processing module judges the weight W of the tundishTSet weight W relative to tundish processT0Whether or not the falling range of (2) exceeds the limit value DeltaWTIf yes, executing the step 3, otherwise, returning to the step 1;
and step 3: calculating the opening set value O of the sliding gateSAnd a current opening value O0；
And 4, step 4: calculating the opening adjustment T of the sliding gateAThe sliding water gap actuating mechanism adjusts the quantity T according to the openingAAdjusting the opening degree of the sliding gate and returning to the step 1, wherein the opening degree adjustment amount TAThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows: t isA＝P(OS-O0)+TD。
The identification method of the action proportionality coefficient P of the sliding gate valve is specifically as follows: when the ladle is cast, the time from full closing to full opening of the sliding plate of the sliding nozzle is recorded as TKAnd calculating an action proportional coefficient P of the sliding gate, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002112080880000031
the action delay time T of the sliding water gapDThe identification method specifically comprises the following steps: after the ladle finishes casting and the liquid level of the tundish is stable, the data processing module applies a series of control quantity T to the sliding nozzle driving mechanismCUntil the liquid level of the molten steel in the tundish changes, recording the control quantity at the moment, namely TD。
The control quantity TCHas an initial value of TC0I.e. minimum value of delay of operation of sliding gate, a series of control quantities TCGet TC0,2TC0,4TC0,…,2n*TC0Wherein n is a natural number.
The limit value Δ WTIs not more than 1 ton.
The step 3 also comprises the following sub-steps:
step 3.1: the set value of the sliding gate enables the molten steel flow f of the gate of the sliding gateHWith downstream billet withdrawal flow fLEqual, i.e. fH＝fL；
Step 3.2: calculating the opening set value O of the sliding gateSThe calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002112080880000032
wherein alpha is an acceleration coefficient, K is a flow coefficient of the sliding gate, rhoSThe density of the molten steel, d is the diameter of a sliding nozzle, g is the gravity acceleration, h is the height of the liquid level of the molten steel in a steel ladle, and E is a correction value;
step 3.3: calculating the current opening value O of the current sliding water gap0The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002112080880000033
wherein f is0The flow rate of the molten steel at the current water gap.
In the above step 3.1, assuming that the molten steel at the sliding gate is in a free-fall state when flowing out, the gate molten steel flow rate fHThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002112080880000034
wherein K is the flow coefficient of the sliding gate, O is the opening of the sliding gate, rhoSThe density of the molten steel, d the diameter of the sliding nozzle, g the gravity acceleration and h the height of the molten steel level in the ladle.
In the step 3.2, when the molten steel level in the tundish is abnormal, the correcting value E is used for the opening set value O of the sliding nozzleSCarrying out correction;
the molten steel liquid level abnormity in the tundish comprises the following steps:
I) normal wateringWhen the liquid level of the tundish rises during casting, the opening set value O of the sliding water gapSAnd if the temperature is too high, correcting according to the following formula:
Ek+1＝(1-β)Ek
wherein: beta is the correction coefficient, k is the current step;
II) after the control device adjusts the opening of the sliding gate, if the molten steel level in the tundish still falls, the opening set value O of the sliding gate is setSAnd if the voltage is too low, performing correction, wherein the correction formula is as follows:
Ek+1＝(1+β)Ek
wherein: β is the correction factor and k is the current step.
The current molten steel flow f at the water gap0Calculated by the weight reduction gradient of the ladle, i.e. recording the initial weight W of the ladle within a short time DeltaT1And a final weight W2The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002112080880000041
the invention accurately controls the water gap sliding plate on the basis of calculating the water gap opening and identifying the characteristics of the sliding water gap, reduces the water gap action frequency and prolongs the service life of the sliding plate, thereby prolonging the service life of the sliding water gap and stabilizing the liquid level of molten steel in a tundish.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a control device for the operation of a sliding gate valve;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a nozzle action control method based on the extension of the service life of a sliding nozzle in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure, 1 steel ladle, 2 sliding water gap, 3 tundish, 5 steel ladle rotary platform scale, 6 sliding water gap driving mechanism, 7 data processing module and 8 tundish platform scale.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Referring to the attached figure 1, the water gap action control method based on the prolonging of the service life of the sliding water gap is realized based on a control device of the sliding water gap action, and the control device of the sliding water gap action comprises a ladle rotary platform scale 5, a sliding water gap driving mechanism 6, a data processing module 7 and a tundish platform scale 8; the ladle 1 is arranged on the ladle turret, and the weight of the ladle 1 is measured by a ladle turret scale 5 on the ladle turret; molten steel in the ladle 1 flows into the tundish 3 through the long nozzle, and the size of the molten steel is adjusted by controlling the opening degree of a sliding nozzle 2 arranged above the long nozzle through a sliding nozzle driving mechanism 6; the tundish 3 is arranged on the tundish revolving platform, the weight is measured through the tundish platform scale 8 on the tundish revolving platform, the ladle revolving platform scale 5, the sliding nozzle driving mechanism 6 and the tundish platform scale 8 are respectively connected with the data processing module 7, the data processing module 7 is externally connected with a continuous casting central control system, the data processing module 7 is used for receiving a weight signal of the ladle 1, a steel slag content signal, a tundish 3 weight signal and a pulling speed signal, the action quantity of the sliding nozzle 2 is calculated after comprehensive processing, the sliding nozzle driving mechanism 6 drives the sliding nozzle 2 to act, and meanwhile, the action quantity state of the sliding nozzle 2 is sent to the display. The data processing module 7 can adopt processing units such as an industrial personal computer, a PLC, a DSP and the like in the prior art.
Referring to fig. 2, the control method includes the following steps:
due to the non-linearity and the time-varying nature of the sliding gate valve 2, which brings great difficulties to the conventional control, the characteristics of the sliding gate valve 2 need to be recognized before driving the slide plate. Step 1: the data processing module 7 identifies the action proportionality coefficient P and the action delay time T of the sliding gate 2D。
The same drive quantity response of different sliding gate valves 2 to the sliding gate valve drive mechanism 6 is very different and needs to be identified in advance. The identification method of the action proportionality coefficient P of the sliding gate 2 specifically comprises the following steps: when the ladle 1 is started, the time from the full close to the full open of the slide plate of the slide gate 2 is recorded as T so that the tundish 3 is filled with molten steel as soon as possibleKAnd calculating an action proportional coefficient P of the sliding gate 2, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002112080880000051
after the data processing module 7 has applied a control quantity to the sliding gate drive 6, the sliding gate 2 does not act immediately, but has a certain inertia, which can be reduced to a delay time TD. The operation delay time T of the sliding gate 2DThe identification method specifically comprises the following steps: after the ladle 1 finishes casting and the liquid level of the tundish 3 is stable, the data processing module 7 applies a series of control quantity T to the sliding nozzle driving mechanism 6CControl quantity TCHas an initial value of TC0I.e. minimum value of delay of operation of the sliding gate valve 2, a series of control quantities TCGet TC0,2TC0,4TC0,…,2n*TC0Wherein n is a natural number, until the liquid level of the molten steel in the tundish 3 changes, the control quantity of the moment is recorded as TD。
After the casting stage is completed, the control of the sliding gate 2 is switched from manual control by an operator to automatic control by a control system, and the adjustment amount of the sliding gate 2 is calculated and given by a data processing module 7.
Step 2: along with the outflow of molten steel in the ladle 1, the liquid level of the molten steel is reduced, so that the pressure of a steel outlet is continuously reduced, the flow rate of the molten steel is reduced, and the liquid level of the tundish 3 is gradually reduced under the condition that the opening degree of the sliding water gap 2 is not changed. The weight of the tundish 3 is collected by the tundish platform scale 8, and the tundish weight W is judged by the data processing module 7TSet weight W relative to tundish processT0Whether or not the falling range of (2) exceeds the limit value DeltaWTIf yes, executing the step 3, otherwise, returning to the step 1. Preferably, the limit value Δ WTThe value of (d) should be not more than 1 ton.
And step 3: calculating the opening set value O of the sliding gate 2SAnd a current opening value O0. Current opening value O0And the calculated value is transmitted to a controller sliding water gap actuating mechanism 6, and the original opening value of the sliding water gap is covered.
Step 3.1: the setting value of the sliding gate 2 is such that the gate molten steel of the sliding gate 2 flowsQuantity fHWith downstream billet withdrawal flow fLEqual, i.e. fH＝fL。
Assuming that the molten steel at the sliding gate 2 is in a free-fall state when flowing out, the flow rate f of molten steel at the gateHThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002112080880000061
wherein, K is the flow coefficient of sliding gate 2, because the structure of different sliding gate 2 is all the same, therefore K is the definite value, can carry out off-line calibration.
O is the opening of the sliding gate 2, ρSD is the diameter of the sliding gate 2, and g is the gravitational acceleration.
h is the height of the liquid level of the molten steel in the steel ladle 1; the level h of the molten steel in the ladle 1 is not generally measured directly but is calculated based on the weight of the molten steel and the shape of the ladle 1. Because the ladle 1 is an inverted round table, the calculation of the height of molten steel through weight is troublesome, and in order to simplify the calculation, a weight-height table can be directly made, and the table can be looked up when in use.
Step 3.2: calculating the opening set value O of the sliding gate 2SThe calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002112080880000062
wherein, alpha is an acceleration coefficient, the value of alpha is near 0.1, and the reason for increasing the acceleration coefficient is as follows: when the liquid level in the tundish 3 is lower, the liquid level needs to be accelerated to be lifted. E is a correction value, calculated by the correction step, the initial value of the correction value E being 1.
In actual use, factors such as aging of the sliding nozzle actuating mechanism 6, parameter change of the ladle 1, deformation of a pressure measuring head of the ladle rotary platform scale 5 and the like can cause deviation between a calculated value and an actual value, and the deviation generally increases along with the use time and finally even accumulates to an unacceptable degree. It is very necessary to correct the deviation by on-line correction. In the present invention, correction is performed when abnormality occurs in the molten steel level in the tundish 3.
The abnormity of the liquid level of the tundish 3 comprises the following steps:
I) in normal casting, as the pressure of molten steel in the ladle 1 is continuously reduced, the molten steel flowing through the sliding gate 2 is continuously reduced, and the liquid level of the molten steel in the tundish 3 is gradually reduced. If the liquid level of the tundish 3 rises, the opening set value O of the sliding water gap 2SToo high, a correction is needed, and the correction formula is as follows:
Ek+1＝(1-β)Ek
wherein: beta is a correction coefficient, the value of beta is related to correction frequency and sampling data reliability, in order to keep the system stable, beta is usually not more than 0.1, and can be a little bit on the occasion of higher correction frequency, but not less than 0.05, and the value of beta is preferably 0.1; k may be the current step.
II) after the control device adjusts the opening of the sliding gate 2, the molten steel level in the tundish 3 should be prevented from falling and rising, and if the molten steel level in the tundish 3 still falls, the opening set value O of the sliding gate 2 is setSToo low, a correction is needed, and the correction formula is as follows:
Ek+1＝(1+β)Ek
wherein: beta is a correction coefficient, the value of beta is related to correction frequency and sampling data reliability, in order to keep the system stable, beta is usually not more than 0.1, and can be a little bit on the occasion of higher correction frequency, but not less than 0.05, and the value of beta is preferably 0.1; k may be the current step.
Step 3.3: the working environment near the sliding gate 2 is bad, and the fault is frequent even if a sensor is arranged, so the current opening value O of the current sliding gate 2 is obtained by calculation0The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002112080880000071
wherein f is0Is the steel at the current nozzleWater flow rate.
The current molten steel flow f at the water gap0Can be calculated by the weight reduction gradient of the ladle 1, i.e. the initial weight W of the ladle 1 is recorded within a short time DeltaT1And a final weight W2The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002112080880000072
and 4, step 4: calculating the opening adjustment T of the sliding gate 2AThe sliding water gap actuating mechanism 6 adjusts the quantity T according to the openingAAnd (4) adjusting the opening of the sliding gate valve 2 and returning to the step 1. Opening degree adjustment amount TAThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
TA＝P(OS-O0)+TD。
example (b):
when the ladle is opened for pouring, when the sliding plate is manually closed to be fully opened by an operator, the time T of the process is recordedKThe motion proportionality coefficient P of the sliding gate valve 2 can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002112080880000081
through offline statistics and calibration of the sliding gate valve 2, the minimum value of the action delay of the sliding plate of the sliding gate valve 2 is 10ms, namely TC010 ms. After the ladle 1 finishes pouring and the molten steel liquid level in the tundish 3 is stable, a series of control quantities are given to the sliding nozzle actuating mechanism 6, and when 2T is appliedC0Then, the molten steel level in the tundish 3 changes, and the action of the sliding gate 2 is delayed for a time TD＝20ms。
During the casting of the ladle 1, the weight W of the tundishTRelative process set weight WT0Drop beyond a certain range Δ WTWhen the value is 0.5t, the opening set value of the sliding gate valve 2 is calculated, and the sliding gate valve 2 is adjusted.
Downstream billet pull-out flow fLSliding water 0.1t/sThe setting value of the nozzle 2 is such that the molten steel flow rate f of the nozzle of the sliding nozzle 2HWith downstream billet withdrawal flow fLWhen the flow coefficient of the sliding water gap 2 is equal to the flow coefficient of the sliding water gap, the K is 0.55 and the molten steel density rho is obtained through off-line calibrationS＝8.01t/m3When the diameter d of the slide gate nozzle 2 is 0.1m, the height h of the molten steel level in the ladle 1 is 1m, the acceleration coefficient α is 0.1, and the correction value E is 1, the opening degree set value O of the slide gate nozzle 2 is setSThe calculation is as follows:
Figure BDA0002112080880000082
recording the initial weight W of the ladle 1 within a time DeltaT of 10s199.0t and end weight W298.1t, we can get:
Figure BDA0002112080880000083
calculating the current opening degree O of the sliding water gap 20：
Figure BDA0002112080880000084
Calculating the opening adjustment T of the sliding gate 2A：TA＝P(OS-O0)+TD670 ms. The sliding water gap actuating mechanism 6 adjusts the quantity T according to the opening degreeAThe opening degree of the sliding gate valve 2 is adjusted.
In the casting process, when the liquid level of the tundish 3 rises, the opening set value O of the sliding nozzle 2SIf the correction coefficient β is 0.1, the correction value is: e1 ═ (1-. beta.) E ═ 0.9.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A water gap action control method based on prolonging the service life of a sliding water gap is characterized in that: the control method is realized based on a control device of the action of the sliding gate, and the control device of the action of the sliding gate comprises a ladle rotary platform scale (5), a sliding gate driving mechanism (6), a data processing module (7) and a tundish platform scale (8); the ladle (1) is arranged on the ladle turret, and the weight of the ladle (1) is measured by a ladle turret scale (5) on the ladle turret; molten steel in a ladle (1) flows into a tundish (3) through a long nozzle, and the size of the molten steel is adjusted by controlling the opening degree of a sliding nozzle driving mechanism (6) through a sliding nozzle (2) arranged above the long nozzle; the tundish (3) is arranged on the tundish rotary table, the weight is measured through a tundish platform scale (8) on the tundish rotary table, the ladle rotary platform scale (5), the sliding water gap driving mechanism (6) and the tundish platform scale (8) are respectively connected with a data processing module (7), and the data processing module (7) is externally connected with a continuous casting central control system;
the control method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the data processing module (7) identifies the action proportionality coefficient P and the action delay time T of the sliding water gap (2)D；
Step 2: the tundish platform scale (8) collects the weight of the tundish (3), and the data processing module (7) judges the tundish weight WTSet weight W relative to tundish processT0Whether or not the falling range of (2) exceeds the limit value DeltaWTIf yes, executing the step 3, otherwise, returning to the step 1;
and step 3: calculating the opening set value O of the sliding gate (2)SAnd a current opening value O0；
The step 3 also comprises the following sub-steps:
step 3.1: the set value of the sliding water gap (2) enables the water gap molten steel flow f of the sliding water gap (2)HWith downstream billet withdrawal flow fLEqual, i.e. fH＝fL；
Step 3.2: calculating the opening set value O of the sliding gate (2)SThe calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003104562260000011
wherein alpha is an acceleration coefficient, K is a flow coefficient of the sliding water gap (2), and rhoSThe density of molten steel, d the diameter of the sliding nozzle (2), g the gravity acceleration, h the liquid level of the molten steel in the ladle (1), and E the correction value;
step 3.3: calculating the current opening value O of the current sliding water gap (2)0The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003104562260000012
wherein f is0The current molten steel flow at the water gap is obtained;
and 4, step 4: calculating the opening adjustment T of the sliding gate (2)AThe sliding water gap actuating mechanism (6) adjusts the quantity T according to the openingAAdjusting the opening degree of the sliding water gap (2) and returning to the step 1, wherein the opening degree adjusting amount TAThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows: t isA＝P(OS-O0)+TD；
The identification method of the action proportionality coefficient P of the sliding water gap (2) is specifically as follows: when the ladle (1) is cast, the time from full closing to full opening of the sliding plate of the sliding water gap (2) is recorded as TKAnd calculating an action proportional coefficient P of the sliding water gap (2), wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003104562260000021
the action delay time T of the sliding water gap (2)DThe identification method specifically comprises the following steps: after the ladle (1) finishes casting and the liquid level of the tundish (3) is stable, the data processing module (7) applies a series of control quantity T to the sliding water gap driving mechanism (6)CUntil the liquid level of the molten steel in the tundish (3) changes, recording the control quantity at the moment as TD。
2. A method for controlling the operation of a nozzle in accordance with claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the control quantity TCHas an initial value of TC0I.e. minimum value of delay of action of sliding gate (2)A series of control quantities TCGet TC0,2TC0,4TC0,…,2n*TC0Wherein n is a natural number.
3. A method for controlling the operation of a nozzle in accordance with claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the limit value Δ WTIs not more than 1 ton.
4. A method for controlling the operation of a nozzle in accordance with claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: in the step 3.1, assuming that the molten steel is in a free-fall state when flowing out from the sliding gate (2), the gate molten steel flow rate fHThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003104562260000022
wherein K is the flow coefficient of the sliding water gap (2), O is the opening degree of the sliding water gap (2), and rhoSThe density of the molten steel, d the diameter of the sliding nozzle (2), g the gravity acceleration and h the height of the molten steel level in the ladle (1).
5. A method for controlling the operation of a nozzle in accordance with claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: in the step 3.2, when the molten steel level in the tundish 3 is abnormal, the opening degree set value O of the sliding nozzle 2 is corrected by the correction value ESCarrying out correction;
the abnormal molten steel liquid level in the tundish (3) comprises the following steps:
I) in normal casting, when the liquid level of the tundish (3) rises, the opening set value O of the sliding nozzle (2)SAnd if the temperature is too high, correcting according to the following formula:
Ek+1＝(1-β)Ek
wherein: beta is the correction coefficient, k is the current step;
II) adjusting the opening of the sliding gate (2) by the control deviceThen, if the molten steel level in the tundish (3) still falls, the opening set value O of the sliding gate (2) is setSAnd if the voltage is too low, performing correction, wherein the correction formula is as follows:
Ek+1＝(1+β)Ek
wherein: β is the correction factor and k is the current step.
6. A method for controlling the operation of a nozzle in accordance with claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the current molten steel flow f at the water gap0Calculated by the gradient of the weight drop of the ladle (1), i.e. the initial weight W of the ladle (1) is recorded within a short time DeltaT1And a final weight W2The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003104562260000031
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