CN112139266B - 一种免退火线材拉拔方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种免退火线材拉拔方法,包括以下步骤:(1)按重量百分比准备线材各化学成分配料,输送至熔炼炉中熔炼处理;(2)将熔炼后的液态原料加入连铸机中间包连铸成方坯,利用线材轧制机进行线材轧制,低温终轧;(3)将轧制的线材通过吐丝机进入风冷线中进行风冷,风冷线前部温度降低到线材珠光体相变区,然后线材进入风冷线的保温段,最后集卷下线。该方法生产出的线材由适宜拉拔的P+F组织组成,材料强度低,具备良好的综合力学性能,能够免退火直接拉拔,简化生产工序,节约退火成本的同时缩短加工周期,降低生产成本400元/吨。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种线材拉拔方法,更具体地,涉及一种免退火线材拉拔方法。
背景技术
在普通碳素钢基础上添加适量的一种或多种合金元素而构成的铁碳合金为合金钢,其中,中碳合金钢主要用于汽车发动机、汽车变速箱、汽车转向系统、汽车底盘系统、汽车车身等紧固件,其中SCM435线材是一种典型的中碳合金钢,由于SCM435含Cr、Mo等多种合金成分,其热轧态组织为贝氏体+珠光体 +铁素体+马氏体,塑性指标较差,需要对其热轧态材料退火才能进行拉拔,生产工艺较复杂,生产效率低,加工成本偏高,工序优化对降低生产成本与提高产品市场竞争力有重要意义。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明的目的是提供一种生产工艺简单、生产效率高、能耗低、生产成本低的免退火线材拉拔方法。
技术方案:本发明所述的免退火线材拉拔方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按重量百分比准备线材各化学成分配料,输送至熔炼炉中熔炼处理;
(2)将熔炼后的液态原料加入连铸机中间包连铸成方坯,利用线材轧制机进行线材轧制,低温终轧;
(3)将轧制的线材通过吐丝机进入风冷线中进行风冷,风冷线前部温度降低到线材珠光体相变区,然后线材进入风冷线的保温段,最后集卷下线。
其中,步骤2中的终轧温度为780±20℃,此温度更接近于珠光体转变区间,步骤3中风冷线为斯太尔摩风冷线,风冷线前部1-4#保温罩盖打开,其余保温罩盖全关,增加相变过冷度,使得温度降低到珠光体相变区,然后线材进入风冷线保温段,其余保温罩盖全关,使线材在珠光体相变区充分相变,使得线材内组织变化为适宜拉拔的珠光体+铁素体组织,步骤3中线材通过辊道集卷下线,辊道速度20-30rpm,跌落段增速120~140%,能够使线材在重力作用下瞬间拉长,使线材内部质量均匀,步骤1中的线材为SCM435线材,各化学成分配料包括:C: 0.33-0.39%、Mn:0.70-0.90%、Cr:0.90-1.10%、Mo:0.15-0.25%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质,其中,步骤1中的SCM435线材各化学成分配料包括:C: 0.35~0.36%、Si:0.20~0.21%、Mn:0.77~0.78%、P:0.011~0.15%、S:0.003~0.004%、 Cu:0.03~0.05%、Ni:0.02~0.04%、Cr:0.99~1.04%、Mo:0.17~0.18%、Alt:0.023~0.026%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
有益效果:本发明与现有技术相比,其显著优点是:1、生产出的线材由适宜拉拔的P+F组织组成,材料强度低,具备良好的综合力学性能;2、能够免退火直接拉拔,简化生产工序,节约退火成本的同时缩短加工周期,降低生产成本 400元/吨。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)按重量百分比:C:0.35%,Si:0.20%,Mn:0.78%,P:0.012%,S: 0.004%,Cu:0.04%,Ni:0.04%,Cr:1.04%,Mo:0.17%,Alt:0.025%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质,准备线材各化学成分配料,输送至熔炼炉中熔炼处理;
(2)将熔炼后的液态原料加入连铸机中间包连铸成方坯,利用线材轧制机进行线材轧制,低温终轧,终轧温度780℃;
(3)将轧制的线材通过吐丝机进入斯太尔摩风冷线中进行风冷,风冷线开 1-4#罩盖,增加相变过冷度,使风冷线前部温度降低到线材珠光体相变区,其余全关,然后线材进入风冷线的保温段,使材料在P相变区充分相变,最后通过辊道集卷下线,辊道速度20rpm,跌落段增速140%。
实施例2
(1)按重量百分比:C:0.34%、Si:0.20%、Mn:0.77%、P:0.011%、S: 0.003%、Cu:0.03%、Ni:0.03%、Cr:1.00%、Mo:0.17%、Alt:0.026%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质,准备线材各化学成分配料,输送至熔炼炉中熔炼处理;
(2)将熔炼后的液态原料加入连铸机中间包连铸成方坯,利用线材轧制机进行线材轧制,低温终轧,终轧温度770℃;
(3)将轧制的线材通过吐丝机进入斯太尔摩风冷线中进行风冷,风冷线开 1-4#罩盖,增加相变过冷度,使风冷线前部温度降低到线材珠光体相变区,其余全关,然后线材进入风冷线的保温段,使材料在P相变区充分相变,最后通过辊道集卷下线,辊道速度25rpm,跌落段增速120%。
实施例3
(1)按重量百分比:C:0.36%、Si:0.21%、Mn:0.78%、P:0.015%、S: 0.003%、Cu:0.05%、Ni:0.02%、Cr:0.99%、Mo:0.18%、Alt:0.023%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质,准备线材各化学成分配料,输送至熔炼炉中熔炼处理;
(2)将熔炼后的液态原料加入连铸机中间包连铸成方坯,利用线材轧制机进行线材轧制,低温终轧,终轧温度790℃;
(3)将轧制的线材通过吐丝机进入斯太尔摩风冷线中进行风冷,风冷线开 1-4#罩盖,增加相变过冷度,使风冷线前部温度降低到线材珠光体相变区,其余全关,然后线材进入风冷线的保温段,使材料在P相变区充分相变,最后通过辊道集卷下线,辊道速度26rpm,跌落段增速140%。
对实施例1~3的抗拉强度和组织进行检验,结果如表1所示:
表1实施例1~3的抗拉强度和组织检测结果
经检验实测,本发明制备的SCM435线材热轧态抗拉强度范围700-750MPa,组织P+F,不需退火可直接进行拉拔,最终成品完全满足相关标准要求。
Claims (1)
1.一种免退火线材拉拔方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)按重量百分比准备线材各化学成分配料,输送至熔炼炉中熔炼处理;
(2)将熔炼后的液态原料加入连铸机中间包连铸成方坯,利用线材轧制机进行线材轧制,低温终轧;
(3)将轧制的线材通过吐丝机进入风冷线中进行风冷,风冷线前部温度降低到线材珠光体相变区,然后线材进入风冷线的保温段,最后集卷下线;
所述步骤(2)中的终轧温度为780±20℃;
所述步骤(3)中风冷线为斯太尔摩风冷线,风冷线前部1-4#保温罩盖打开,其余保温罩盖全关,线材通过辊道集卷下线,辊道速度20-30rpm,跌落段增速120~140%;
所述步骤(1)中的线材为SCM435线材,各化学成分配料包括:C:0.35~0.36%、Si:0.20~0.21%、Mn:0.77~0.78%、P:0.011~0.15%、S:0.003~0.004%、Cu:0.03~0.05%、Ni:0.02~0.04%、Cr:0.99~1.04%、Mo:0.17~0.18%、Alt:0.023~0.026%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
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