CN112139224B - Medical waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a medical waste treatment device, which belongs to the harmless treatment technology of medical waste, the medical waste treatment equipment comprises a sealing door, a screening channel, a valve, a treatment chamber, a microwave device, a dust remover and the like, the screening channel can effectively screen plastics, glass bottles, metals, gauze, cotton balls, wood sticks and the like in medical wastes, and convey the classified medical wastes to a disinfection chamber, a melting chamber or an incineration chamber, the device adopts high-power microwave equipment to perform disinfection and sterilization on one hand and perform heating melting and incineration on the other hand by using a non-contact mode, compared with the prior art, the device has the screening function, different treatment modes are adopted for medical wastes, and meanwhile, operations such as cutting, rolling, crushing and the like are not needed any more, so that the recovery of glass and metal parts is facilitated, and the high-power microwave equipment has higher treatment efficiency.

Description

Medical waste treatment equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to orthogonal field medical waste treatment equipment, and belongs to the technical field of harmless treatment of medical waste.

Background

The medical waste refers to the pollution waste produced by hospitals after contacting blood, flesh and the like of patients. Such as used cotton balls, gauze, adhesive tape, disposable medical devices, post-operative waste, expired drugs, and the like. According to the medical detection report of the national health department, the harmfulness of the virus and the germ of the medical garbage is dozens, hundreds or even thousands of times of that of the common household garbage because the medical garbage has the characteristics of space pollution, acute infection, latent pollution and the like. If the treatment is improper, serious pollution to the environment can be caused, and the treatment can also become a source of epidemic disease.

Common medical waste treatment methods are: incineration, chemical disinfection, pressure steam disinfection, radiation disinfection, sanitary landfill and the like. The sanitary landfill method is to bury the medical waste in deep soil and naturally decompose the medical waste by using microorganisms. However, medical garbage is not easy to decompose in hundreds of years without illumination and wind erosion, and because plastics, glass, rubber and aluminum products are inorganic substances, the purpose can be achieved only by natural decomposition of microorganisms in a long period, and various defects such as acidification and hardening of soil, pollution of underground water resources, occupation of land resources and the like are caused. The physical treatment method mainly adopts the methods of burning the medical waste and the like to thoroughly burn the medical waste and pathogenic bacteria together.

Chinese patent application No. 201410437920.X discloses a medical waste microwave treatment method and treatment equipment, which adopt a microwave ashing furnace and a gas filtration treatment system, wherein the medical waste is heated and combusted by the microwave ashing furnace, and harmful gas generated is subjected to harmless treatment by the gas filtration treatment system. Generally, medical waste contains plastics, glass, metal, gauze, cotton balls and the like, while the quality of plastic products used by medical instruments is high, but the medical instruments cannot be recycled because all the medical instruments are burnt in a microwave ashing furnace, and meanwhile, the burning of the plastics consumes a large amount of energy and generates a large amount of toxic gases.

Chinese patent application No. 201810602987.2 discloses a harmless treatment device for medical wastes, which is characterized in that a melting chamber is added, medical wastes to be treated enter the melting chamber firstly, the medical wastes are extruded and conveyed by an extrusion conveyor, plastic products in the medical wastes are melted and can not be combusted at high temperature in the melting chamber, and meanwhile, the plastic melted into liquid state flows into a recovery container through a filter screen under the action of the extrusion conveyor, so that the plastic materials in the medical wastes are recovered and utilized. Meanwhile, the device adopts a heating rod mode for heating, has low heating efficiency and slow temperature rise, and is easy to generate toxic gas.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the technical background, the screening channel can effectively screen plastics, glass bottles, metals, gauze, cotton balls, wood sticks and the like in medical wastes, and convey the classified medical wastes to the disinfection chamber, the melting chamber or the incineration chamber, the equipment adopts high-power microwave equipment to perform disinfection and sterilization on one hand and perform heating melting and incineration on the other hand in a non-contact mode.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a medical waste treatment equipment includes sealing door, screening passageway, valve, processing chamber and microwave device, screening passageway slope sets up, and the feed inlet of screening passageway is installed sealing door, the discharge gate of screening passageway passes through valve intercommunication processing chamber, microwave device installs on the processing chamber, wherein: a screening plate is arranged in the screening channel, a vibrator is arranged at the bottom of the screening plate, and an air blowing port is arranged at one side of the screening plate; the screening plate comprises a main screening surface positioned at the top, a side screening channel positioned beside the main screening surface and a bottom screening channel positioned at the bottom of the main screening surface; the main screening surface is provided with a main screening hole, and the tail end of the main screening surface is provided with a first screening outlet; the glass bottles fall onto the bottom screening channel through the main screening hole, the bottom screening channel is led out from the bottom of the main screening surface through a connecting bend and a bend baffle, and a third screening outlet is arranged at the tail end of the bottom screening channel; the main screening surface is of an arc-shaped structure, the bottom of the arc-shaped structure is close to the air blowing port, cotton balls, gauze and waste paper can be blown down to the side screening channel from the main screening surface by utilizing high-speed airflow and the arc-shaped structure, side baffles are arranged on two sides of the side screening channel, and a second screening outlet is arranged at the tail end of the side screening channel; the first screening outlet, the second screening outlet and the third screening outlet are positioned on the same plane; the treatment chamber comprises a disinfection chamber, a melting chamber and an incineration chamber which are arranged side by side; the first screening outlet is communicated with the melting chamber through a corresponding valve, the second screening outlet is communicated with the burning chamber through a corresponding valve, and the third screening outlet is communicated with the sterilizing chamber through a corresponding valve;

a first guide plate is arranged in the disinfection chamber, a first spiral conveyor is arranged on the upper side of the first guide plate, a blanking port is formed in the tail end of the first guide plate, a first carrying box is arranged at the bottom of the blanking port of the first guide plate, and a first side door is arranged at a position, close to the first carrying box, of the disinfection chamber; a second guide plate is arranged in the melting chamber, an extrusion conveyor is arranged on the upper side of the second guide plate, a blanking port is formed in the tail end of the second guide plate, melting holes are uniformly formed in the second guide plate, a second loading box is arranged at the bottom of the blanking port of the second guide plate, and a second side door is arranged at a position, close to the second loading box, of the melting chamber; the inside third guide board that is provided with of incineration chamber, the upside of third guide board disposes second screw conveyer, and the end of third guide board is provided with the blanking mouth, and the bottom of third guide board blanking mouth disposes the third thing case, and the position that the incineration chamber is close to the third thing case is provided with the third side door.

Preferably, the screening plate further comprises one or more auxiliary screening surfaces, the auxiliary screening surfaces are arranged in the bottom screening channel in parallel, a plurality of auxiliary screening holes are uniformly formed in the auxiliary screening surfaces, long grooves and air blowing ports are respectively formed in two sides of each auxiliary screening surface, the auxiliary screening surfaces are led out through bends, and a horizontal outlet is formed at the tail end of each auxiliary screening surface, wherein: the auxiliary screening holes are used for screening glass bottle bodies with different sizes, and the long grooves are used for removing cotton balls, gauze and waste paper.

Preferably, the microwave device comprises a radiation antenna, a waveguide synthesizer and a plurality of microwaves, the microwaves generated by the plurality of microwaves are transmitted to the radiation antenna through the waveguide synthesizer to realize directional radiation, wherein: the radiation antenna consists of a main reflecting surface and an auxiliary reflecting surface; the microwave device is used for converting electric pulses into microwaves and comprises a microwave cavity, an end cover, a high-voltage end, a low-voltage end and an inflation end, wherein the microwave cavity and the end cover form a detachable closed structure, and insulating gas is filled in the microwave cavity through the inflation end; the high-voltage end is arranged at one end of the microwave cavity and comprises a discharge head, a discharge body and a high-voltage wiring end; the low-voltage end is arranged at the other end of the microwave cavity and comprises a flashlight discharging tube and a low-voltage wiring terminal; the discharge head and the discharge tube are arranged opposite to each other in a non-contact manner.

Preferably, the microwave device further comprises a synchronous trigger control system and a plurality of high-voltage pulse devices, wherein the synchronous trigger control system is used for synchronously controlling the high-voltage pulse devices to generate electric pulses, and the high-voltage pulse devices are connected with the corresponding microwave devices.

Preferably, the high-voltage pulse device includes a boost input circuit, a first-stage isolation boost circuit, an isolation transfer circuit, and a second-stage isolation boost circuit, wherein: the boost input circuit is used for realizing primary boost of an external power supply, and comprises a plurality of groups of input capacitors, a charging unit, an isolation unit and a switch unit, wherein the charging unit and the isolation unit are arranged on a loop between the adjacent input capacitors, the switch unit is arranged between an output port and an input port of the adjacent input capacitors, and the switch unit is used for changing the series-parallel connection relation between the plurality of groups of input capacitors; the input end of the primary isolation boosting circuit is connected with the output end of the boosting input circuit, the primary isolation boosting circuit comprises a first switch, an energy storage capacitor, a second switch and a plurality of groups of first primary windings which are connected in parallel, the energy storage capacitor is in a charging state when the first switch is switched on and the second switch is switched off, and the energy storage capacitor is in a discharging state of the first primary windings when the first switch is switched off and the second switch is switched on; the primary isolation booster circuit is coupled with the isolation transmission circuit through a magnetic ring, the primary isolation booster circuit is matched with the isolation transmission circuit to realize secondary boosting of an external power supply, the isolation transmission circuit comprises a plurality of groups of first primary windings, a third switch, a transmission capacitor and a plurality of groups of second primary windings which are connected in parallel, and the first primary windings, the third switch, the transmission capacitor and the second primary windings form a transmission loop; the secondary isolation booster circuit is coupled with the isolation transmission circuit through a magnetic ring, the secondary isolation booster circuit is matched with the isolation transmission circuit to realize tertiary boosting of an external power supply, and the secondary isolation booster circuit comprises a plurality of booster units connected in parallel.

Preferably, an infrared germicidal lamp is arranged inside the disinfection chamber.

Preferably, the valve is a gate valve.

Preferably, the system further comprises a dust remover, a spray tower and a purifier, wherein: the waste gas of the treatment chamber is treated by a dust remover, a spray tower and a purifier in sequence, and a gas detector is arranged on an exhaust pipe of the purifier.

The medical waste treatment equipment provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the medical waste treatment equipment provided by the invention is provided with the screening channel, can realize automatic classification of medical waste by utilizing unique design and high-speed airflow, and correspondingly sends the classified waste to the corresponding treatment chamber for treatment, so that the treatment of all waste in a uniform mode is avoided, and the recovery difficulty and the recovery cost are greatly reduced.

(2) The medical waste treatment equipment provided by the invention is provided with a plurality of treatment chambers, including a disinfection chamber, a melting chamber and an incineration chamber, wherein different treatment chambers correspond to different medical wastes, so that the targeted treatment is realized, and the treatment effect is improved. For example: the glass bottle and the metal piece are conveyed to a disinfection chamber for disinfection and sterilization, the plastic piece is conveyed to a melting chamber for high-temperature melting and recycling, and the cotton balls, the wood rods, the waste paper and the like are conveyed to an incineration chamber for high-temperature incineration.

(3) The medical waste treatment equipment adopts a microwave device which adopts a novel structure, the maximum output power of the microwave device reaches the gigawatt level, the peak field intensity reaches megavolts per meter, the effects of sterilization, disinfection, inactivation, incineration and the like can be realized by flexibly adjusting the output value, the microwave device is based on a plurality of novel high-voltage pulse devices and is coupled with a plurality of microwave devices, the temperature can be rapidly increased to 2000 ℃ in an incineration chamber, the unique penetrating heating characteristic of the microwave is utilized, the incineration time of the medical waste is changed from the traditional hour to the minute or even the second level, and the yield of dioxin in the combustion process is greatly reduced by improving the state of the medical waste in the furnace; after a small amount of harmful and toxic gases such as dioxin in the flue gas are cracked by a microwave plasma technology, safe emission can be completely realized; auxiliary fuel is not required to be added in the combustion process of the medical waste, the volume of the medical waste can be reduced by 70-80% compared with the original volume of the medical waste after ashing treatment under ordinary conditions, and the volume of the combustible medical waste which is collected in a classified mode can be reduced by 95% even after ashing treatment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a screening channel according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a first embodiment of a screening channel of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic external view of a first embodiment of a screening channel according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the external structure of a second embodiment of the screening channel of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the sieving outlet of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the sterilization chamber of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the melting chamber of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of an incineration chamber according to the invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the microwave device according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the microwave device of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the microwave applicator of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the microwave applicator of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic circuit diagram of the high voltage pulse device of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic circuit diagram of a boost unit according to the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the high voltage pulse device according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1-sealing door, 101-falling channel, 2-screening channel, 201-screening plate, 202-vibrator, 203-blowing port, 2011-main screening surface, 2012-side screening channel, 2013-bottom screening channel, 2014-secondary screening surface, 20111-main screening hole, 20112-first screening outlet, 20121-side baffle, 20122-second screening outlet, 20131-connecting bend, 20132-bend baffle, 20133-third screening outlet, 20141-secondary screening hole, 20142-long groove, 3-valve, 4-treatment chamber, 401-disinfection chamber, 402-melting chamber, 401403-incineration chamber, 4011-first guide plate, 4012-first spiral conveyor, 20143-first loading box, 4014-first loading box, 4015-infrared germicidal lamp, 4021-second guide plate, 4022-extrusion conveyor, 4023-second carrier box, 4024-second side door, 4031-third guide plate, 4032-second spiral conveyor, 4033-third carrier box, 4034-third side door, 4035-microwave device, 501-radiation antenna, 502-waveguide synthesizer, 503-microwave, 5011-main reflecting surface, 5012-auxiliary reflecting surface, 5031-microwave cavity, 5032-end cover, 5033-high-pressure end, 5034-low-pressure end, 5035-inflation end, 50331-discharge head, 50332-discharge body, 50333-high-pressure terminal, 50341-discharge torch, 50342-low-pressure terminal, 6-dust remover, 7-spray tower, 8-purifier, 9-gas detector.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

The invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

example one

As shown in fig. 1, the medical waste treatment equipment comprises a sealing door 1, a screening channel 2, a valve 3, a treatment chamber 4 and a microwave device 5, wherein the screening channel 2 is obliquely arranged, the sealing door 1 is installed at a feed inlet of the screening channel 2, a discharge outlet of the screening channel 2 is communicated with the treatment chamber 4 through the valve 3, the microwave device 5 is installed on the treatment chamber 4, in the figure, the medical waste can be directly poured into the sealing door 1 after being opened, the medical waste comprises plastic parts, glass bottles, metal parts, gauze, cotton cloth and the like, the medical waste is automatically divided into the glass bottles, the plastic parts and the combustible materials through the screening effect of the screening channel 2, and then the different treatment chambers 4 are used for treatment, for example: the glass bottle and the metal piece are conveyed to a disinfection chamber for disinfection and sterilization, the plastic piece is conveyed to a melting chamber for high-temperature melting and recycling, and the cotton balls, the wood rods, the waste paper and the like are conveyed to an incineration chamber for high-temperature incineration.

It should be noted that, in fig. 1, the dust remover 6, the spray tower 7, the purifier 8, and the gas detector 9 are optional components, and are optional according to circumstances, and when the application is specific, the dust remover 6 is a cyclone dust remover, the spray tower 7 is a purification spray tower, the purifier 8 includes a flue gas flow equalizing plate, a UV generator, an ozone generator, and a photocatalyst catalyst, and the installation positions can refer to the prior art.

Example two

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, a screening plate 201 is installed in the screening passage 2, a vibrator 202 is installed at the bottom of the screening plate 201, an air blowing port 203 is installed at one side of the screening plate 201, and the vibrator 202, the screening plate 201 and the air blowing port 203 which are obliquely installed constitute an automatic screening apparatus. In the figure, the screening deck 201 comprises a primary screening surface 2011 at the top, side screening channels 2012 alongside the primary screening surface 2011, and bottom screening channels 2013 at the bottom of the primary screening surface 2011.

It should be noted that medical waste firstly falls into the main screening surface 2011 from the falling channel 101 of the sealing door 1, the main screening surface 2011 is provided with a receiving surface (not shown in the drawing) right below the falling channel 101, the main screening surface 2011 is provided with a main screening hole 20111, and the tail end of the main screening surface 2011 is provided with a first screening outlet 20112.

Specifically, the glass bottles fall onto the bottom screening channel 2013 through the main screening hole 20111, the bottom screening channel 2013 is led out from the bottom of the main screening surface 2011 through the connecting bend 20131 and the bend baffle 20132, and the tail end of the bottom screening channel 2013 is provided with the third screening outlet 20133. The structure can conveniently screen out small-size glass round bottles.

In the drawing, the main screening surface 2011 is an arc-shaped structure, the bottom of the arc-shaped structure is close to the air blowing port 203, cotton balls, gauze and waste paper can be blown down to the side screening channel 2012 from the main screening surface 2011 by utilizing high-speed airflow and the arc-shaped structure, side baffles 20121 are arranged on two sides of the side screening channel 2012, and a second screening outlet 20122 is arranged at the tail end of the side screening channel 2012.

In fig. 4, the first and second screen outlets 20112, 20122 and 20133 are in the same plane to facilitate further operation.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 5, on the basis of the second embodiment, the screening plate 201 further includes one or more secondary screening surfaces 2014, the secondary screening surfaces 2014 are arranged in the bottom screening channel 2013 in parallel, a plurality of secondary screening holes 20141 are uniformly arranged on the secondary screening surfaces 2014, two sides of the secondary screening surfaces 2014 are respectively provided with the elongated slot 20142 and the air blowing port 203, the secondary screening surfaces 2014 are led out through the curved channel, and a horizontal outlet is formed at the end of the secondary screening surfaces 2014, wherein: the auxiliary screening holes 20141 are used for screening glass bottle bodies with different sizes, and the long grooves 20142 are used for removing cotton balls, gauze and waste paper.

It should be noted that secondary screening surface 2014 may screen out different sizes of vials while retaining plastic items on the topmost primary screening surface 2011. The glass bottle with the structure is inconvenient to screen and size is large, when the waste is mixed with large-size glass bottles, a large-caliber metal net needs to be designed in the screening channel 2, the large bottles in the waste are screened out firstly and sent into the sterilizing chamber 401, and then the automatic screening process of the screening plate 201 is carried out.

It should be noted that, in the case of complicated individual medical wastes, it is necessary to perform a preliminary garbage classification, and the wastes unsuitable for the screening board 201 are manually screened in advance and sent to different processing chambers for processing.

Example four

As shown in fig. 6 to 9, the treatment chamber 4 includes a sterilization chamber 401, a melting chamber 402, and an incineration chamber 403, which are arranged side by side; the first screening outlet 20112 is communicated with the melting chamber 402 through a corresponding valve 3, the second screening outlet 20122 is communicated with the incineration chamber 403 through a corresponding valve 3, the third screening outlet 20133 is communicated with the disinfection chamber 401 through a corresponding valve 3, the valve 3 is a gate valve, and when the treatment chamber works, the valve is closed.

In fig. 7, inside first guide board 4011 that is provided with of disinfection room 401, first guide board 4011's upside disposes first screw conveyer 4012, first guide board 4011's end is provided with the blanking mouth, the bottom of first guide board 4011 blanking mouth disposes first year thing case 4013, disinfection room 401 is provided with first side door 4014 near the position of first year thing case 4013, glass spare gets into behind first guide board 4011, begin to carry out microwave sterilization and disinfection work, this disinfection room 401 also can match infrared germicidal lamp 4015, first screw conveyer 4012 is for the glass spare that the guide disinfection is accomplished enters into first year thing case 4013 in order to make things convenient for, it needs to explain, can set up multilayer guide board and the year thing case that corresponds in disinfection room 401, conveniently cooperate a plurality of vice screening surfaces.

In fig. 8, a second guide plate 4021 is arranged inside a melting chamber 402, an extrusion conveyor 4022 is arranged on the upper side of the second guide plate 4021, a blanking port is arranged at the tail end of the second guide plate 4021, melting holes are uniformly formed in the second guide plate 4021, a second loading box 4023 is arranged at the bottom of the blanking port of the second guide plate 4021, a second side door 4024 is arranged at a position, close to the second loading box 4023, of the melting chamber 402, a plastic part starts to be heated and melted after entering the melting chamber 402, the melted liquid plastic flows into the second loading box 4023 under the action of the extrusion conveyor 402, and in the drawing, the second loading box 4023 is divided into two regions, one region is used for accommodating the melted liquid plastic, and the other region is used for accommodating non-melted waste.

In fig. 9, a third guide plate 4031 is provided inside the incineration chamber 403, a second screw conveyor 4032 is arranged above the third guide plate 4031, a blanking port is provided at the tip of the third guide plate 4031, a third loading box 4033 is arranged at the bottom of the blanking port of the third guide plate 4031, and a third side door 4034 is provided at a position in the incineration chamber 403 close to the third loading box 4033.

It should be noted that a closed passage into the incineration chamber 403 may be provided in the melting chamber 402, and the unmelted residue may be directly fed into the incineration chamber 403 for further combustion.

EXAMPLE five

As shown in fig. 10, the microwave apparatus 5 includes a radiation antenna 501, a waveguide combiner 502, and a plurality of microwaves 503, and microwaves generated by the plurality of microwaves 503 are transmitted to the radiation antenna 501 through the waveguide combiner 502 to realize directional radiation, wherein: the radiation antenna 501 is composed of a main reflecting face 5011 and a sub reflecting face 5012.

It should be noted that the microwave device 5 may couple microwave energy generated by a plurality of microwave devices 503, the maximum output power of the microwave device reaches gigawatt level, the peak field strength reaches megavolts per meter, and the effects of sterilization, disinfection, inactivation, incineration and the like may be achieved by flexibly adjusting the output value. When in specific application, the microwave power density is 600-1000W/cm²When the target is directly ignited, the microwave power density is 400-600W/cm²When the temperature of the target object is raised rapidly, the microwave power density is 300-²Then the microwave sterilization in the target object can be finished.

EXAMPLE six

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the microwave device 503 is used for converting electric pulses into microwaves, and includes a microwave cavity 5031, an end cover 5032, a high-pressure end 5033, a low-pressure end 5034 and an inflation end 5035, the microwave cavity 5031 and the end cover 5032 form a detachable sealed structure, and the interior of the microwave cavity 5031 is filled with an insulating gas through the inflation end 5035; the high voltage end 5033 is arranged at one end of the microwave cavity 5031, and the high voltage end 5033 comprises a discharge head 50331, a discharge body 50332 and a high voltage terminal 50333; a low voltage end 5034 is arranged at the other end of the microwave cavity 5031, and the low voltage end 5034 comprises a discharge tube 50341 and a low voltage terminal 50342; the discharge head 50331 is arranged opposite to and in non-contact with the discharge barrel 50341.

Specifically, the microwave cavity 5031 is made of a non-metallic material to ensure normal microwave radiation, and the end caps 5032 at both ends are made of a metallic material to form a resonant cavity. The high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal are respectively connected with the pulse high-voltage device, and when the high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal are connected with instantaneous high voltage, the microwave generator automatically completes circuit conduction and microwave generation.

EXAMPLE seven

As shown in fig. 13, the microwave apparatus 5 further includes a synchronous trigger control system and a plurality of high voltage pulse apparatuses, the synchronous trigger control system is used for synchronously controlling the high voltage pulse apparatuses to generate electric pulses, and the high voltage pulse apparatuses are connected to the corresponding microwave devices. In particular, the high voltage pulse device is used for storing and compressing electric energy in the order of seconds and volts and generating electric pulses in the order of microseconds, tens of kilovolts, nanoseconds and hundreds of kilovolts. The synchronous trigger control system is used for controlling the charging and discharging, state monitoring and other work of the high-voltage pulse device, and the high-voltage pulse device can adopt a TESLA type pulse modulator and a MARX type pulse generator.

Example eight

As shown in fig. 14, 15 and 16, the high-voltage pulse device may have a structure including a boost input circuit and a primary isolation boost circuit, an isolation transfer circuit, and a secondary isolation boost circuit, where the boost input circuit is used to implement primary boost of an external power source V, the boost input circuit includes multiple sets of input capacitors, a charging unit, an isolation unit, and a switching unit, the charging unit and the isolation unit are disposed on a loop between adjacent input capacitors, the switching unit is disposed between an output port and an input port of the adjacent input capacitors, and the switching unit is used to change a series-parallel relationship between the multiple sets of input capacitors; the input end Uin of the primary isolation boosting circuit is connected with the output end of the boosting input circuit, the primary isolation boosting circuit comprises a first switch G1, an energy storage capacitor C1, a second switch G2 and a plurality of groups of first primary windings which are mutually connected in parallel, when the first switch G1 is switched on and the second switch G2 is switched off, the energy storage capacitor C1 is in a charging state, and when the first switch G1 is switched off and the second switch G2 is switched on, the energy storage capacitor C1 is in a discharging state of the first primary windings; the primary isolation booster circuit is coupled with the isolation transmission circuit through a magnetic ring, the primary isolation booster circuit is matched with the isolation transmission circuit to realize secondary boosting of an external power supply V, the isolation transmission circuit comprises a plurality of groups of first primary windings connected in series, a third switch G3, a transmission capacitor and a plurality of groups of second primary windings connected in parallel, and the first primary windings, the third switch G3, the transmission capacitor and the second primary windings form a transmission loop; the secondary isolation booster circuit is coupled with the isolation transmission circuit through a magnetic ring, the secondary isolation booster circuit is matched with the isolation transmission circuit to realize tertiary boosting of an external power supply V, and the secondary isolation booster circuit comprises a plurality of booster units connected in parallel.

It should be noted that the boost input circuit is used to implement a first boost of the external power supply V, and after the first boost, the secondary boost is implemented by the primary isolation boost circuit coupled to the magnetic ring T1 and the isolation transfer circuit, and after the secondary boost, the tertiary boost is implemented by the secondary isolation boost circuit coupled to the magnetic ring T2 and the isolation transfer circuit, and finally the instantaneous high voltage of 20 to 30 ten thousand volts is stably generated, as shown in fig. 16, the primary winding is wound on the inner magnetic ring for the secondary boost, and the secondary winding is wound on the outer magnetic ring for the tertiary boost. In the embodiment, the boost input circuit comprises five groups of input capacitors, a charging unit, an isolation unit and switch units, the boost input circuit is connected with an external power supply V through a fourth switch G4, the charging unit is used for charging the adjacent input capacitors, the isolation unit is used for protecting the boost capacitors, and when all the switch units are disconnected, the input capacitors are in a parallel structure; when all the switch units are conducted, the input capacitors are in a series connection structure.

In fig. 15, each boosting unit is a power frequency rectifying circuit and can output a dc power supply. Specifically, the power supply comprises a second secondary winding, a boost capacitor C14, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a first MOS transistor Q1 and a second MOS transistor Q2, wherein: the boost capacitor C14 and the first diode are respectively connected in parallel at two ends of the second secondary winding, and the cathode of the first diode faces to the output end Uout; the second diode is used for connecting the up-and-down adjacent boosting units, the cathode of the second diode faces the output end Uout, the cathode of the second diode is connected with one end of the second secondary winding through the first MOS tube, and the anode of the second diode is connected with the other end of the second secondary winding; the second MOS tube is connected in parallel at two ends of the second diode. The alternating current voltage output by each group is rectified into direct current through respective power frequency rectifying circuits to charge the boosting capacitors of each group. And when the energy storage capacitors of the plurality of groups of cascade units are charged, the trigger circuit of the solid-state switch starts to work. The trigger controls the on and off of the MOS tubes Q1 in the multiple groups of cascade units through the trigger signals coupled and isolated by the magnetic rings. The voltage of the boost capacitor is superposed in series after the MOS tube switch is switched on to form pulse high voltage. By controlling the on-off time of the MOS tube, voltage waveforms from direct current to various pulse widths can be obtained. The cascade unit comprises a solid-state switch Q2 for tail cutting, when the main pulse is finished, the tail cutting switch starts to work, the energy of the distributed capacitor at the load end is released rapidly, and the falling edge of the high-voltage pulse is reduced greatly.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a medical waste treatment equipment, its characterized in that, includes sealing door (1), screening passageway (2), valve (3), treatment chamber (4) and microwave device (5), screening passageway (2) slope sets up, and the feed inlet of screening passageway (2) is installed sealing door (1), valve (3) intercommunication treatment chamber (4) are passed through to the discharge gate of screening passageway (2), install on treatment chamber (4) microwave device (5), wherein:

a screening plate (201) is installed in the screening channel (2), a vibrator (202) is arranged at the bottom of the screening plate (201), and an air blowing port (203) is formed in one side of the screening plate (201);

the screening plate (201) comprises a main screening surface (2011) positioned at the top, a side screening channel (2012) positioned beside the main screening surface (2011), and a bottom screening channel (2013) positioned at the bottom of the main screening surface (2011);

a main screening hole (20111) is formed in the main screening surface (2011), and a first screening outlet (20112) is formed in the tail end of the main screening surface (2011);

the glass bottles fall onto a bottom screening channel (2013) through a main screening hole (20111), the bottom screening channel (2013) is led out from the bottom of a main screening surface (2011) through a connecting bend (20131) and a bend baffle (20132), and a third screening outlet (20133) is formed in the tail end of the bottom screening channel (2013);

the main screening surface (2011) is of an arc-shaped structure, the bottom of the arc-shaped structure is close to the air blowing port (203), cotton balls, gauze and waste paper can be blown down to the side screening channel (2012) from the main screening surface (2011) by utilizing high-speed air flow and the arc-shaped structure, side baffles (20121) are arranged on two sides of the side screening channel (2012), and a second screening outlet (20122) is arranged at the tail end of the side screening channel (2012);

the first screening outlet (20112), the second screening outlet (20122) and the third screening outlet (20133) are located on the same plane;

the treatment chamber (4) comprises a disinfection chamber (401), a melting chamber (402) and an incineration chamber (403) which are arranged side by side; the first screening outlet (20112) is communicated with the melting chamber (402) through a corresponding valve (3), the second screening outlet (20122) is communicated with the incineration chamber (403) through a corresponding valve (3), and the third screening outlet (20133) is communicated with the disinfection chamber (401) through a corresponding valve (3);

a first guide plate (4011) is arranged in the disinfection chamber (401), a first spiral conveyor (4012) is arranged on the upper side of the first guide plate (4011), a blanking port is formed in the tail end of the first guide plate (4011), a first loading box (4013) is arranged at the bottom of the blanking port of the first guide plate (4011), and a first side door (4014) is arranged at a position, close to the first loading box (4013), of the disinfection chamber (401);

a second guide plate (4021) is arranged in the melting chamber (402), an extrusion conveyor (4022) is arranged on the upper side of the second guide plate (4021), a blanking port is formed in the tail end of the second guide plate (4021), melting holes are uniformly formed in the second guide plate (4021), a second loading box (4023) is arranged at the bottom of the blanking port of the second guide plate (4021), and a second side door (4024) is arranged at a position, close to the second loading box (4023), of the melting chamber (402);

the inside third guide board (4031) that is provided with of incineration chamber (403), the upside of third guide board (4031) disposes second spiral transmission machine (4032), and the end of third guide board (4031) is provided with the blanking mouth, and the bottom of third guide board (4031) blanking mouth disposes third year thing case (4033), and the position that incineration chamber (403) are close to third year thing case (4033) is provided with third side door (4034).

2. The medical waste treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the screening plate (201) further comprises one or more secondary screening surfaces (2014), the secondary screening surfaces (2014) are arranged in parallel in the bottom screening channel (2013), a plurality of secondary screening holes (20141) are uniformly arranged on the secondary screening surface (2014), two sides of the secondary screening surface (2014) are respectively provided with a long groove (20142) and a blowing port (203), the secondary screening surface (2014) is led out through a bend, and a horizontal outlet is formed at the tail end of the secondary screening surface (2014), wherein: the auxiliary screening holes (20141) are used for screening glass bottles with different sizes, and the long grooves (20142) are used for removing cotton balls, gauze and waste paper.

3. The medical waste treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the microwave device (5) comprises a radiating antenna (501), a waveguide combiner (502), and a plurality of microwaves (503), microwaves generated by the plurality of microwaves (503) being transmitted to the radiating antenna (501) through the waveguide combiner (502) to achieve directional radiation, wherein:

the radiation antenna (501) is composed of a main reflecting surface (5011) and an auxiliary reflecting surface (5012);

the microwave device (503) is used for converting electric pulses into microwaves and comprises a microwave cavity (5031), an end cover (5032), a high-pressure end (5033), a low-pressure end (5034) and an inflation end (5035),

the microwave cavity (5031) and the end cover (5032) form a detachable closed structure, and the interior of the microwave cavity (5031) is filled with insulating gas through an inflation end (5035); the high-voltage end (5033) is arranged at one end of the microwave cavity (5031), and the high-voltage end (5033) comprises a discharge head (50331), a discharge body (50332) and a high-voltage terminal (50333); the low-voltage end (5034) is arranged at the other end of the microwave cavity (5031), and the low-voltage end (5034) comprises a flashlight (50341) and a low-voltage terminal (50342); the discharge head (50331) and the discharge tube (50341) are arranged in a manner of facing and non-contact.

4. The medical waste treatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the microwave device (5) further comprises a synchronous trigger control system and a plurality of high voltage pulse devices, the synchronous trigger control system is used for synchronously controlling the high voltage pulse devices to generate electric pulses, and the high voltage pulse devices are connected with the corresponding microwave devices.

5. The medical waste treatment apparatus of claim 4, wherein the high voltage pulsing device comprises a boost input circuit and a primary isolated boost circuit, an isolated pass circuit, and a secondary isolated boost circuit, wherein:

the boost input circuit is used for realizing primary boost of an external power supply (V), and comprises a plurality of groups of input capacitors, a charging unit, an isolation unit and a switch unit, wherein the charging unit and the isolation unit are arranged on a loop between adjacent input capacitors, the switch unit is arranged between an output port and an input port of the adjacent input capacitors, and the switch unit is used for changing the series-parallel relation between the plurality of groups of input capacitors;

the input end (Uin) of the primary isolation boosting circuit is connected with the output end of the boosting input circuit, the primary isolation boosting circuit comprises a first switch (G1), an energy storage capacitor (C1), a second switch (G2) and a plurality of groups of first primary windings which are connected in parallel, when the first switch (G1) is switched on and the second switch (G2) is switched off, the energy storage capacitor (C1) is in a charging state, and when the first switch (G1) is switched off and the second switch (G2) is switched on, the energy storage capacitor (C1) is in a discharging state of the first primary windings;

the primary isolation booster circuit is coupled with the isolation transmission circuit through a magnetic ring, the primary isolation booster circuit is matched with the isolation transmission circuit to realize secondary boosting of an external power supply (V), the isolation transmission circuit comprises a plurality of groups of first secondary windings, a third switch (G3), a transmission capacitor and a plurality of groups of second primary windings which are connected in parallel, and the first secondary windings, the third switch (G3), the transmission capacitor and the second primary windings form a transmission loop;

the secondary isolation booster circuit is coupled with the isolation transmission circuit through a magnetic ring, the secondary isolation booster circuit is matched with the isolation transmission circuit to realize tertiary boosting of an external power supply (V), and the secondary isolation booster circuit comprises a plurality of booster units connected in parallel.

6. The medical waste treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein an infrared germicidal lamp (4015) is provided inside the sterilization chamber (401).

7. The medical waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the valve (3) is a gate valve.

8. The medical waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a dust collector (6), a spray tower (7), and a purifier (8), wherein: and the waste gas of the treatment chamber (4) is treated by a dust remover (6), a spray tower (7) and a purifier (8) in sequence.

9. The medical waste disposal apparatus of claim 8, wherein a gas detector (9) is provided on an exhaust pipe of the purifier (8).

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