CN112134363A - Three-state rotary type liquid self-circulation reversible compression device - Google Patents
Three-state rotary type liquid self-circulation reversible compression device Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 258
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 53
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
- H02J15/003—Systems for storing electric energy in the form of hydraulic energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
- H02J15/006—Systems for storing electric energy in the form of pneumatic energy, e.g. compressed air energy storage [CAES]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-state rotary type liquid self-circulation reversible compression device, belonging to the technical field of power energy storage, wherein gas connectors of three pressure containers are respectively connected with a low-pressure gas pipeline and a high-pressure gas pipeline through gas switches; the liquid connectors of the three pressure containers are respectively connected with one end of a reversible hydraulic pressure transformation device, one end of a reversible hydraulic constant pressure device and one end of a liquid main pipeline through liquid switches; the other ends of the reversible hydraulic pressure transformation equipment and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure equipment are connected with the other end of the main liquid pipeline. According to the invention, liquid equipment is adopted to compress air, the gas temperature is kept constant by utilizing the characteristic of large specific heat capacity of liquid, and the available work loss is reduced; the tri-state compression chamber design is adopted, so that the continuous input and output of gas are ensured, and the utilization rate of equipment is improved; by adopting the liquid self-circulation design, the liquid circularly flows in the device, and the problem of energy loss caused by gas dissolution is effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power energy storage, and particularly relates to a tri-state rotary type liquid self-circulation reversible compression device.
Background
Energy structure transformation is a serious problem facing countries in the world. China is rich in wind and light resources, but high proportion of renewable energy sources penetrate to provide a great challenge for safe operation of a power grid. The stored energy is used as an effective means for cooperating with the operation of new energy, breaks through the characteristic of 'instant generation and use' of electric energy, and realizes the efficient utilization of energy. Under the background of large-scale energy storage, compressed air energy storage gradually becomes a research hotspot due to the characteristics of cleanness, low cost and the like of the compressed air energy storage.
The air equipment that traditional compressed air energy storage adopted is often efficient because influence such as gas leakage, and the high temperature environment that adiabatic compression brought is because being difficult to keep causing the loss of energy by a wide margin. The existing compression modes of staged compression and interstage cooling can reduce energy consumption by reducing the compression ratio, but the improvement of the overall performance is still in the research and development stage due to low single-stage efficiency.
In the existing research, the characteristic of large specific heat capacity of liquid is utilized, and a gas-liquid two-phase energy storage mode is gradually a research hotspot. In the energy storage mode, the gas change process is similar to an isothermal process, and the available power loss caused by normal-temperature storage can be avoided. The existing reversible liquid compression devices can be mainly classified into two-state rotation type, that is, only two water-gas mixed pressure containers are used for realizing alternate compression and expansion processes.
A two-state rotary liquid reversible compression device structure is shown in figure 1, a gas connecting port of a pressure container is respectively connected with a low-pressure gas pipeline 31 and a high-pressure gas pipeline 32 through a gas switch 41, a liquid connecting port is respectively connected with one end of a reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 and one end of a liquid main pipeline 23 through a liquid switch 42, and the other end of the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 is connected with the other end of the liquid main pipeline 23. In the compression process, when the low-pressure gas connecting port of the gas switch 41 is connected with the second connecting port of the pressure container, the high-pressure gas connecting port is connected with the first connecting port of the pressure container; the variable pressure driving device connecting port of the liquid switch 42 is connected with the first connecting port of the pressure vessel, the main pipeline connecting port is connected with the second connecting port of the pressure vessel, at this time, low-pressure gas enters the second pressure vessel 12, the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 consumes energy to pump liquid in the second pressure vessel 12 to the first pressure vessel 11, the gas is compressed in the first pressure vessel 11 and is conveyed to the high-pressure gas pipeline 32, and at this time, the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 is continuously increased. When all the gas in the first pressure container 11 is migrated, the connection mode of the first pressure container 11 and the second pressure container 12 is switched, that is, the low-pressure gas connection port of the gas switch 41 is connected with the first connection port of the pressure container, and the high-pressure gas connection port is connected with the second connection port of the pressure container; the variable pressure driving device connecting port of the liquid switch 42 is connected with the second connecting port of the pressure container, and the main pipeline connecting port is connected with the first connecting port of the pressure container, so that the continuous entering of low-pressure air and the continuous action of the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 can be realized. However, the gas pressure inside the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 continuously shows sawtooth fluctuation, which is not beneficial to the cascade connection and the gas utilization of the equipment. The power generation process is opposite to the power generation process.
Another two-state rotating type liquid reversible compression device structure is shown in fig. 2, a gas connection port of a pressure container is respectively connected with a low-pressure gas pipeline 31 and a high-pressure gas pipeline 32 through a gas switch 41, a liquid connection port is respectively connected with one end of a reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21, one end of a reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 and one end of a liquid main pipeline 23 through a liquid switch 42, and the other end of the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 and the other end of the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 are both connected with the other end of the liquid main pipeline 23. In the compression process, gas enters the third pressure container 13 from the low-pressure gas pipeline 31, and the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 consumes energy to drive liquid to enter the first pressure container 11 from the third pressure container 13, so that the gas compression process is completed; after the gas is compressed to a specified pressure, the first connection port of the pressure vessel of the gas switch 41 is connected to the high-pressure gas connection port, the first connection port of the pressure vessel of the liquid switch 42 is connected to the connection port of the constant-pressure driving device, at this time, the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 consumes energy to drive liquid to enter the first pressure vessel 11 from the third pressure vessel 13, high-pressure air with the same volume enters the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 from the first pressure vessel 11, and the gas pressure inside the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 is kept constant. When all the gas in the first pressure container 11 is migrated, the connection mode of the first pressure container 11 and the third pressure container 13 is switched, that is, the low-pressure gas connection port of the gas switch 41 is connected with the first connection port of the pressure container, and the third connection port of the pressure container is closed; the pressure-variable driving device connecting port of the liquid switch 42 is connected with the third connecting port of the pressure container, and the main pipeline connecting port is connected with the first connecting port of the pressure container, so that low-pressure air can continuously enter, and gas is compressed in the third pressure container 13. However, the gas pressure inside the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 continuously shows square fluctuation, the pressure is constant only in a short period, and the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 work alternately during switching, so that the devices are frequently in a start-up state and a stop state, the utilization rate of the devices is low, and the energy consumption of start-up and stop is large. The power generation process is opposite to the power generation process.
Therefore, a reversible compression device which only adopts liquid equipment for compression and effectively reduces the temperature of gas by utilizing the characteristic of higher specific heat capacity of water is urgently needed, and the overall efficiency of compression and power generation is effectively improved on the basis of ensuring the continuous constant pressure of gas to enter and the continuous constant pressure to discharge.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a tri-state rotary type liquid self-circulation reversible compression device, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises three pressure containers, reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving equipment, reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving equipment, a liquid main pipeline, a low-pressure gas pipeline, a high-pressure gas pipeline, a gas switch and a liquid switch; the gas connectors of the three pressure containers are respectively connected with a low-pressure gas pipeline and a high-pressure gas pipeline through gas switches; the liquid connectors of the three pressure containers are respectively connected with one end of a reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device, one end of a reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device and one end of a liquid main pipeline through liquid switches; the other ends of the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device are connected with the other end of the liquid main pipeline;
running in three stages by adopting a three-state rotation running mode, wherein in each stage, running is carried out by adopting a parallel control strategy, and then a rotation control strategy is adopted and the next stage is started;
in a three-state rotating operation mode, three pressure containers are respectively alternated among a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state, reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving equipment is connected with the variable-pressure state pressure container and the low-pressure constant-pressure state pressure container through a liquid switch, and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving equipment is connected with the high-pressure constant-pressure state pressure container and the low-pressure constant-pressure state pressure container through the liquid switch; the electric energy is utilized to drive the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving equipment and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving equipment to operate so as to realize the compression process of the gas; or the gas expansion process is utilized to do work so as to drive the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device to generate electricity.
The parallel control strategy is as follows:
during compression, the three pressure containers are respectively in a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state; entering a compression process, wherein low-pressure gas in a low-pressure gas pipeline enters a pressure container in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and liquid with the same volume flows to reversible hydraulic pressure transformation equipment and reversible hydraulic pressure constant equipment through a liquid switch; reversible hydraulic pressure transformation equipment consumes energy to drive liquid to enter a pressure container in a pressure transformation state, so that gas compression is realized; reversible hydraulic constant-pressure equipment consumes energy to drive liquid to enter a pressure container in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, and high-pressure air with the same volume is transferred into a high-pressure gas pipeline;
when generating electricity, the three pressure containers are respectively in a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state; in the power generation process, the high-pressure gas expands in the pressure container in the pressure transformation state to drive the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving equipment to generate power; high-pressure air of the high-pressure gas pipeline enters a pressure container in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, and meanwhile, the liquid with the same volume drives reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving equipment to generate electricity; the liquid of the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device enters a pressure container in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and the low-pressure gas with the same volume in the pressure container in the low-pressure constant-pressure state enters a low-pressure gas pipeline.
The rotation control strategy is as follows:
during compression, when the pressure container in a high-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with liquid, and gas in the pressure container in a variable-pressure state reaches the internal pressure of a high-pressure gas pipeline, and the pressure container in a low-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with low-pressure gas, the compression process is finished, and the state is switched; the states of the pressure containers are switched simultaneously among a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and the rotation sequence is that the variable pressure state, the high-pressure constant-pressure state and the low-pressure constant-pressure state are switched sequentially;
during power generation, when the pressure container in the low-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with liquid and gas in the pressure container in the variable-pressure state reaches the internal pressure of the low-pressure gas pipeline and the pressure container in the high-pressure constant-pressure state is mixed with high-pressure gas and liquid with specified volumes, the expansion process is finished, and the state switching is carried out; the states of the pressure containers are switched simultaneously among a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and the pressure containers are switched sequentially among the variable pressure state, the low-pressure constant-pressure state and the high-pressure constant-pressure state.
Increasing N-level variable pressure compensation states between a variable pressure state and a high-pressure constant-pressure state, and simultaneously increasing N compensation reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving devices, a pressure container connecting port of a gas switch and a variable pressure compensation device connecting port of a liquid switch, wherein N is more than or equal to 1; the gas connector and the liquid connector of the newly added pressure container are respectively connected with a gas switch and a liquid switch, and two ends of the Nth newly added compensation reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device are respectively connected with the Nth variable-pressure compensation device connector and the liquid main pipeline; the state of each pressure container is switched simultaneously among a variable pressure state, a 1-level variable pressure compensation state, an N-level variable pressure compensation state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state.
When the pressure container is in a variable pressure state, the gas switch connected with the gas connecting port of the pressure container is closed, and the liquid connecting port is communicated with the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device; during compression, reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving equipment works to inject liquid into the pressure container, so that gas in the pressure container is compressed from low pressure to high pressure; when generating power, the gas in the pressure container expands to do work to push the liquid to flow through the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving equipment to generate power, and the gas in the pressure container expands from high pressure to low pressure;
when the pressure container is in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, a gas connecting port of the pressure container is communicated with a high-pressure gas pipeline, and a liquid connecting port is communicated with reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving equipment; during compression, liquid is sent into the pressure container by reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving equipment, and high-pressure air with the same volume enters a high-pressure gas pipeline to realize that gas in the pressure container maintains constant high pressure; during power generation, liquid flows to reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving equipment from a pressure container and drives power generation, and high-pressure air with the same volume enters the pressure container from a high-pressure gas pipeline to realize that gas in the pressure container maintains constant high pressure;
when the pressure container is in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, a gas connecting port of the pressure container is communicated with a low-pressure gas pipeline, and a liquid connecting port is communicated with a liquid main pipeline; during compression, liquid enters reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving equipment and reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving equipment from a pressure container, meanwhile, low-pressure air with the same volume in a low-pressure gas pipeline enters the pressure container, and the gas in the pressure container maintains constant low pressure; during power generation, liquid enters the pressure container through the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device, and meanwhile low-pressure air with the same volume in the pressure container enters the low-pressure gas pipeline, so that the internal gas of the pressure container is maintained at constant low pressure.
The reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device can be in a combined form of a water pump and a water turbine, a reversible hydraulic turbine set or a hydraulic cylinder with linear driving device, and can also be in a combined form of a hydraulic cylinder set with the water pump, the water turbine and an upper water pool.
The hydraulic cylinder belt linear driving device is in the form of: the hydraulic cylinders are connected with a plurality of groups of hydraulic cylinders through connecting rods, the hydraulic cylinders are connected with a high-pressure water pool and a low-pressure water pool which have water head fall, and a water pump and a hydraulic generator are connected between the high-pressure water pool and the low-pressure water pool.
The reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device is composed of two groups of hydraulic cylinders, two groups of buffer hydraulic tanks and linear motors, wherein the linear motors are connected with the two groups of coaxial hydraulic cylinders, one ends of the two groups of hydraulic cylinders are respectively connected to a variable-pressure driving device connector and a main pipeline connector of a liquid switch through pipelines and valves, the other ends of the two groups of hydraulic cylinders are respectively connected to liquid ports of the group of buffer hydraulic tanks through pipelines and valves, gas ports of the two groups of buffer hydraulic tanks are connected to each other, so that gas constant-pressure transmission is realized, and the buffer hydraulic tanks are pressure containers with coexisting.
The gas switch and the liquid switch can be a valve group consisting of a pipeline and a switch valve, and can also be an integrated reversing valve, and the on-off state of the valve is determined according to a rotation control strategy.
The beneficial effects of the invention comprise the following aspects:
1. the liquid equipment is adopted to compress air, the characteristic of large specific heat capacity of liquid is utilized to reduce the gas temperature, the energy consumption is reduced, the gas temperature is increased in the expansion process, and the energy consumption is reduced.
2. The design of the tri-state compression chamber is adopted, the variable pressure state, the high pressure constant pressure state and the low pressure constant pressure state of the compression chamber are switched through the pipeline valve, the continuous inlet and outlet of low pressure and high pressure gas are ensured, and the utilization rate of equipment is improved.
3. The liquid self-circulation design is adopted, the compression and expansion processes are totally closed, a low-pressure water tank is not involved, the liquid used in the compression and expansion processes circularly flows in the device, and the problem of energy loss caused by gas dissolution is effectively solved.
4. According to the requirement of the compression ratio in the actual compression process, the invention can be used as a design scheme of any one-stage gas compression or expansion equipment in a staged compressed air energy storage power station, and the staged compression process is realized by a pipeline series connection method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a two-stage rotary liquid reversible compressor;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another two-stage rotary liquid reversible compression device;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the tri-state rotary type liquid self-circulation reversible compression device in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching device in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the first stage of compression in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of the second stage of compression in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of the third stage of compression in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the characteristic change in the volume of gas and the volume of liquid in the pressure vessel during the compression process of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a first stage of power generation in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic flow chart of a second stage of power generation in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic flow chart of a third stage of power generation in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the characteristic changes of the volume of gas and the volume of liquid in the pressure vessel during the power generation process according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of example 3 of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device in the form of a pump turbine in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic view of an alternative structure of a linear motor according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a reversible hydraulic pressure swing apparatus according to the present invention with a configuration that can achieve liquid purification;
fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
11-a first pressure vessel, 12-a second pressure vessel, 13-a third pressure vessel, 14-a fourth pressure vessel, 2-a reversible hydraulic device, 3-a pipeline, 4-a switchgear, 21-a reversible hydraulic variable pressure drive device, 22-a reversible hydraulic constant pressure drive device, 23-a main liquid pipeline, 24-a compensation reversible hydraulic variable pressure drive device, 31-a low-pressure gas pipeline, 32-a high-pressure gas pipeline, 41-a gas switch, 42-a liquid switch, 2011-a water pump, 2012-a water turbine generator, 2021-a hydraulic cylinder, 2022-a linear motor, 2023-a high-pressure water tank, 2024-a low-pressure water tank, 2025-a buffer hydraulic tank.
Detailed Description
The embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 3 shows an embodiment 1 of the tri-state rotary type liquid self-circulation reversible compression device of the present invention, which comprises: the system comprises three pressure containers, a reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21, a reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22, a liquid main pipeline 23, a low-pressure gas pipeline 31, a high-pressure gas pipeline 32, a gas switch 41 and a liquid switch 42; the gas connecting ports of the three pressure containers are respectively connected with the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 and the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 through gas switches 41; the liquid connectors of the three pressure containers are respectively connected with one end of the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21, one end of the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 and one end of the liquid main pipeline 23 through liquid switches 42; the other ends of the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 are connected with the other end of the liquid main pipeline 23.
The three pressure vessels are respectively alternated among a variable pressure state, a high pressure constant pressure state and a low pressure constant pressure state, the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 is connected with the variable pressure state pressure vessel and the low pressure constant pressure state pressure vessel through the liquid switch 42, and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 is connected with the high pressure constant pressure state pressure vessel and the low pressure constant pressure state pressure vessel through the liquid switch 42; the three-state rotation operation mode is adopted to operate in three stages, and in each stage, a parallel control strategy is adopted to operate, then a rotation control strategy is adopted, and the next stage is started.
The parallel control strategy is as follows:
during compression, the three pressure containers are respectively in a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state; entering a compression process, wherein low-pressure gas in the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 enters a pressure container in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and liquid with the same volume flows to the reversible hydraulic pressure transformation device 21 and the reversible hydraulic pressure constant-pressure device 22 through the liquid switch 42; the reversible hydraulic pressure transformation device 21 consumes energy to drive liquid to enter a pressure container in a pressure transformation state, so that the compression of gas is realized; the reversible hydraulic constant pressure device 22 consumes energy to drive liquid into a pressure vessel in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, and simultaneously high-pressure air with the same volume is transferred into the high-pressure gas pipeline 32.
When generating electricity, the three pressure containers are respectively in a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state; in the power generation process, the high-pressure gas expands in the pressure container in the pressure transformation state to drive the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 to generate power; high-pressure air in the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 enters a pressure container in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, and the liquid with the same volume drives the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 to generate electricity; the liquid of the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 enters the pressure container in the low-pressure constant-pressure state, and the low-pressure gas with the same volume in the pressure container in the low-pressure constant-pressure state enters the low-pressure gas pipeline 31.
The alternate control strategy is:
during compression, when the pressure container in the high-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with liquid, the gas in the pressure container in the variable-pressure state reaches the internal pressure of the high-pressure gas pipeline 32, and the pressure container in the low-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with low-pressure gas, the compression process is finished, and the state is switched; the states of the pressure containers are switched simultaneously among a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and the rotation sequence is that the variable pressure state, the high-pressure constant-pressure state and the low-pressure constant-pressure state are switched sequentially;
during power generation, when the pressure container in the low-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with liquid and gas in the pressure container in the variable-pressure state reaches the internal pressure of the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 and the pressure container in the high-pressure constant-pressure state is mixed with high-pressure gas and liquid with specified volumes, the expansion process is finished, and state switching is performed; the states of the pressure containers are switched simultaneously among a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and the pressure containers are switched sequentially among the variable pressure state, the low-pressure constant-pressure state and the high-pressure constant-pressure state.
When the pressure vessel is in a variable pressure state, the pressure vessel is filled or filled with low-pressure gas, the gas switch 41 connected with the gas connecting port of the pressure vessel is closed, and the liquid connecting port is communicated with the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21. During compression, liquid is sent into the pressure container by the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21, so that gas in the pressure container is compressed from low pressure to high pressure; in the power generation process, liquid flows from the pressure container to the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 and drives the power generation, and gas in the pressure container is expanded from high pressure to low pressure.
When the pressure container is in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, high-pressure gas and liquid are mixed in the pressure container, a gas connecting port of the pressure container is communicated with the high-pressure gas pipeline 32, and a liquid connecting port is communicated with the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22; during compression, liquid is sent into the pressure container by the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22, and high-pressure air with the same volume enters the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 to maintain constant high pressure of gas in the pressure container; during power generation, liquid flows to the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 from the pressure container and drives power generation, and meanwhile, high-pressure air with the same volume enters the pressure container from the high-pressure gas pipeline 32, so that the internal gas of the pressure container is maintained at constant high pressure.
When the pressure container is in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, the pressure container is filled with low-pressure liquid (the pressure is consistent with the internal pressure of the low-pressure gas pipeline 31), a gas connecting port of the pressure container is communicated with the low-pressure gas pipeline 31, and a liquid connecting port is communicated with the liquid main pipeline 23; during compression, liquid enters the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 from the pressure container, meanwhile, low-pressure air with the same volume in the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 enters the pressure container, and gas in the pressure container maintains constant low pressure; during power generation, liquid enters the pressure container through the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22, and meanwhile low-pressure air with the same volume in the pressure container enters the low-pressure gas pipeline 31, so that constant low pressure of gas in the pressure container is maintained.
The reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 are reversible hydraulic devices, and can be in a combined form of a water pump and a water turbine, a reversible hydraulic turbine set, a hydraulic cylinder with a linear motor, or a combined form of a hydraulic cylinder set with a water pump, a water turbine and an upper water pool; or can be a composite hydraulic device capable of realizing liquid purification. The device utilizes electric energy to drive the operation of the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 so as to realize the compression process of gas; or uses the gas expansion process to do work to drive the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 to generate electricity. The switch device composed of the gas switch 41 and the liquid switch 42 can be a valve group composed of a pipeline and a switch valve, and can also be an integrated reversing valve and the like; the switching of the pressure container state is realized by the on-off control of the valve group or the position control of the reversing valve according to a rotation control strategy.
In example 1, three pressure vessels were: the gas connection ports of the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are respectively connected with the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 and the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 through gas switches 41; the liquid connecting ports of the first pressure container 11, the second pressure container 12 and the third pressure container 13 are respectively connected with one end of a reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21, one end of a reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 and one end of a liquid main pipeline 23 through liquid switches 42; the other ends of the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 are connected with the other end of the liquid main pipeline 23.
The gas switch 41 is configured with a first pressure vessel connecting port, a second pressure vessel connecting port, a third pressure vessel connecting port, a high-pressure gas connecting port and a low-pressure gas connecting port, and is respectively connected with the first pressure vessel gas connecting port, the second pressure vessel gas connecting port, the third pressure vessel gas connecting port, the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 and the low-pressure gas pipeline 31; the liquid switch 42 is configured with a pressure vessel first connection port, a pressure vessel second connection port, a pressure vessel third connection port, a variable pressure driving device connection port, a constant pressure driving device connection port and a main pipeline connection port, and is respectively connected with the first pressure vessel liquid connection port, the second pressure vessel liquid connection port, the third pressure vessel liquid connection port, the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21, the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 and the liquid main pipeline 23.
During compression, a three-state rotating operation mode is adopted to operate in three stages, a parallel control strategy is firstly entered, and the first pressure container 11, the second pressure container 12 and the third pressure container 13 are respectively in a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state; the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 is connected with a pressure vessel in a variable-pressure state (a first pressure vessel 11) and a pressure vessel in a low-pressure constant-pressure state (a third pressure vessel 13) through a liquid switch 42, and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 is connected with the pressure vessel in the high-pressure constant-pressure state (a second pressure vessel 12) and the pressure vessel in the low-pressure constant-pressure state (a third pressure vessel 13) through the liquid switch 42; then, the compression process is carried out, the low-pressure gas in the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 enters a pressure container in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and the liquid with the same volume flows to the reversible hydraulic pressure transformation device 21 and the reversible hydraulic pressure constant device 22 through the liquid switch 42; the reversible hydraulic pressure transformation device 21 consumes energy to drive liquid to enter a pressure container in a pressure transformation state, so that the compression of gas is realized; the reversible hydraulic constant pressure device 22 consumes energy to drive liquid into a pressure vessel in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, and simultaneously high-pressure air with the same volume is transferred into the high-pressure gas pipeline 32. The gas in the pressure container in the pressure changing state is compressed from low pressure to high pressure; the gas in the pressure container in the high-pressure constant-pressure state maintains constant high pressure; the internal gas of the pressure vessel in the low-pressure constant-pressure state maintains a constant low pressure. And continuing to enter a rotation control strategy, and when the pressure container in the high-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with liquid, the gas in the pressure container in the variable-pressure state reaches the internal pressure of the high-pressure gas pipeline 32, and the pressure container in the low-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with low-pressure gas, ending the compression process, and switching the states. The states of the pressure containers are switched simultaneously in a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and the rotation sequence is that the variable pressure state, the high-pressure constant-pressure state and the low-pressure constant-pressure state are switched sequentially, namely the first pressure container 11, the second pressure container 12 and the third pressure container 13 are switched to the high-pressure constant-pressure state, the low-pressure constant-pressure state and the variable pressure state respectively; the present phase is finished and the next phase is entered. Then, sequentially entering a parallel control strategy and a rotation control strategy again, after the compression process in the rotation control strategy is finished, respectively switching the first pressure container 11, the second pressure container 12 and the third pressure container 13 to a low-pressure constant-pressure state, a variable-pressure state and a high-pressure constant-pressure state, finishing the stage, and entering the next stage again; three stages are taken as one period for operation until all gas compression is finished.
During power generation, a three-state rotating operation mode is adopted to operate in three stages, a parallel control strategy is firstly entered, and the first pressure container 11, the second pressure container 12 and the third pressure container 13 are respectively in a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state; the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 is connected with a pressure vessel in a variable-pressure state (a first pressure vessel 11) and a pressure vessel in a low-pressure constant-pressure state (a third pressure vessel 13) through a liquid switch 42, and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 is connected with the pressure vessel in the high-pressure constant-pressure state (a second pressure vessel 12) and the pressure vessel in the low-pressure constant-pressure state (a third pressure vessel 13) through the liquid switch 42; then, the power generation process is carried out, and the high-pressure gas expands in the first pressure vessel 11 to drive the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 to generate power; high-pressure air in the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 enters the second pressure container 12, and the liquid with the same volume drives the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 to generate electricity; the liquid of the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 enters the third pressure vessel 13, and simultaneously the low-pressure gas with the same volume in the third pressure vessel 13 enters the low-pressure gas pipeline 31. The gas in the pressure container in the pressure changing state is compressed from low pressure to high pressure; the gas in the pressure container in the high-pressure constant-pressure state maintains constant high pressure; the internal gas of the pressure vessel in the low-pressure constant-pressure state maintains a constant low pressure. And continuing to enter a rotation control strategy, and when the pressure container in the low-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with liquid and the gas in the pressure container in the variable-pressure state reaches the internal pressure of the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 and the pressure container in the high-pressure constant-pressure state is mixed with high-pressure gas and liquid with specified volumes, ending the expansion process and switching the states. The states of the pressure containers are switched simultaneously among a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and the pressure containers are switched sequentially among the variable pressure state, the low-pressure constant-pressure state and the high-pressure constant-pressure state. The states of the pressure vessels are switched simultaneously in a variable pressure state, a high pressure constant pressure state and a low pressure constant pressure state, and the rotation sequence is that the variable pressure state, the low pressure constant pressure state and the high pressure constant pressure state are switched sequentially, namely the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are switched to the low pressure constant pressure state, the variable pressure state and the high pressure constant pressure state respectively; the present phase is finished and the next phase is entered. Then, sequentially entering a parallel control strategy and a rotation control strategy again, after the expansion process in the rotation control strategy is finished, respectively switching the first pressure container 11, the second pressure container 12 and the third pressure container 13 to a high-pressure constant-pressure state, a low-pressure constant-pressure state and a variable-pressure state, finishing the stage, and entering the next stage again; three stages are taken as a period for operation until all gas power generation is finished.
In this embodiment, the mixing of the high-pressure gas and the liquid in the pressure vessel in the high-pressure and constant-pressure state during power generation means that the pressure value of the high-pressure gas is consistent with the gas pressure value of the high-pressure gas pipeline 32, and the specified volume value of the high-pressure gas can satisfy the condition that the whole pressure vessel can be filled when the gas expands to the pressure value of the low-pressure gas pipeline 31. Assuming that the volume of the pressure vessel is V, the pressure of the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 is p1, the pressure of the high-pressure gas pipeline is p2, the gas changes approximately isothermally in the compression and expansion processes, namely, pV is constant, the specified volume of the high-pressure gas mixed in the pressure vessel in the high-pressure constant-pressure state during power generation is p 1V/p 2, and the specified liquid mixed in the pressure vessel is V-p 1V/p 2.
In the embodiment, the continuous rotation of the state of the pressure container is completed through the switching conversion of the switching equipment, on one hand, the continuous transmission of low-pressure gas from the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 to the pressure container and the continuous transmission of high-pressure gas from the pressure container to the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 in the energy storage process are realized, on the other hand, the continuous transmission of high-pressure gas from the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 to the pressure container and the continuous transmission of low-pressure gas from the pressure container to the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 are realized, and the stable pressure value of the low-pressure gas in the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 and the high-pressure gas 32 in the high-pressure gas pipeline is kept in the same way in the power generation process, so that the cascade connection of a plurality of devices of the type is facilitated, the staged.
Compared with the scheme of the reversible compression device provided by the figure 1, the embodiment 1 is additionally provided with the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 and the third pressure container 13, so that the constant internal gas of the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 and the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 can be realized.
Compared with the scheme of the reversible compression device provided by fig. 2, the embodiment 1 additionally provides the second pressure vessel 12, so that the gas in the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 and the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 can be kept constant for a long time, and the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 continuously work, so that the utilization rate of the devices is improved, the gas consumption is increased, and the operation efficiency of the device is optimized.
In addition, the liquid used for compression and expansion is only recycled in the pressure container, and no additional liquid consumption is generated; on the basis, the process that the gas existing in the gas compression and expansion process is dissolved in water or the gas escapes from the water can reach a dynamic balance, and no additional gas consumption is generated.
More specific connections and operating schemes and characteristics of example 1 are shown in fig. 4-12:
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching device in embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the implementation scheme of the switchgear of this embodiment, the gas switch 41 includes a valve F1-a valve F6, and specifically, the gas connection port of the first pressure vessel 11 is connected to the low-pressure gas pipe 31 and the high-pressure gas pipe 32 through the valve F2 and the valve F1, respectively; the gas connecting port of the second pressure vessel 12 is respectively connected with the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 and the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 through a valve F4 and a valve F3; the gas connecting port of the third pressure vessel 13 is respectively connected with the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 and the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 through a valve F6 and a valve F5; the liquid switch 42 includes: the hydraulic pressure control system comprises valves F7-F15, and specifically, a liquid connecting port of a first pressure container 11 is respectively connected with a reversible hydraulic pressure variable driving device 21, a reversible hydraulic pressure constant driving device 22 and a liquid main pipeline 23 through a valve F7, a valve F8 and a valve F9; the liquid connecting port of the second pressure container 12 is respectively connected with the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21, the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 and the liquid main pipeline 23 through a valve F10, a valve F11 and a valve F12; the liquid connecting port of the third pressure container 13 is respectively connected with the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21, the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 and the liquid main pipeline 23 through a valve F13, a valve F14 and a valve F15. The above-described switching device implementation can also be replaced by a two-way valve, a three-way valve, or a reversing valve, for example, valve F1 and valve F2 can be replaced by a two-way valve, valve F7, valve F8, and valve F9 can be replaced by a three-way valve, and so on; the required reversing valve or multi-way valve is customized or set as required.
The action of the switchgear 4 during compression and power generation is as follows:
when in compression: a first stage of compression, for example, the valve F3, the valve F6 and the rest valves in the gas switch 41 are opened, the valve F7, the valve F11 and the valve F15 in the liquid switch 42 are opened, and the rest valves are closed, at this time, the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are respectively in a variable pressure state, a high pressure constant pressure state and a low pressure constant pressure state; a second compression stage, for example, the valve F1 and the valve F4 in the gas switch 41 are opened, the remaining valves are closed, the valve F8, the valve F12 and the valve F13 in the liquid switch 42 are opened, and the remaining valves are closed, at this time, the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are respectively in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, a low-pressure constant-pressure state and a variable-pressure state; a third stage of compression, for example, the valve F2, the valve F5 and the rest of the valves in the gas switch 41 are opened, the valve F9, the valve F10 and the valve F14 in the liquid switch 42 are opened, and the rest of the valves are closed, at which time, the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are respectively in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, a variable-pressure state and a high-pressure constant-pressure state; the above process cycle is repeated until all gas compression is completed.
During power generation: in the first stage of power generation, for example, the valve F3 and the valve F6 in the gas switch 41 are opened, the rest valves are closed, the valve F7, the valve F11 and the valve F15 in the liquid switch 42 are opened, and the rest valves are closed, at this time, the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are respectively in a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state; a second stage of power generation, for example, the valve F2 and the valve F5 in the gas switch 41 are opened, the rest valves are closed, the valve F9, the valve F10 and the valve F14 in the liquid switch 42 are opened, and the rest valves are closed, at this time, the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are respectively in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, a variable-pressure state and a high-pressure constant-pressure state; the first stage of power generation, for example, the valve F1 and the valve F4 in the gas switch 41 are opened, the rest valves are closed, the valve F8, the valve F12 and the valve F13 in the liquid switch 42 are opened, and the rest valves are closed, at this time, the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are respectively in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, a low-pressure constant-pressure state and a variable-pressure state; the above process cycle is repeated until all gas power generation is finished.
In order to facilitate description of changes of gas and liquid inside the pressure vessel during operation, relevant parameters are set for description in the embodiment, and actual engineering implementation data in the embodiment is not limited to the parameters.
For example, the volumes of the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12, and the third pressure vessel 13 are each V, the gas pressure in the low-pressure gas line 31 is pL, and the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas line is pH: in order to ensure that gas can continuously enter, be compressed and stored or continuously enter, expand and exit during the compression or power generation operation, the time that the pressure container in the tri-state compression chamber is in a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state is controlled to be basically consistent, and synchronous switching can be realized.
During compression, the first pressure container 11 is filled with low-pressure gas pL in an initial state, the second pressure container 12 is used for mixing high-pressure gas pH and liquid, and the third pressure container 13 is filled with liquid; in the first stage of compression, the valves F3 and F6 in the gas switch 41 are opened, the remaining valves are closed, the valves F7, F11 and F15 in the liquid switch 42 are opened, the remaining valves are closed, the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are respectively in a pressure-changing state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state, the low-pressure gas pL in the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 enters the third pressure vessel 13, the liquid with the same volume flows out from the main pipeline connecting port of the liquid switch 42, a part of the liquid is pumped into the first pressure vessel 11 through the pressure-changing driving device connecting port by the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 for compressing the low-pressure air pL to the high-pressure pH, the other part of the liquid is pumped into the second pressure vessel 12 through the constant-pressure driving device connecting port by the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 for compressing the low-pressure air pH, and simultaneously the high-pressure air, the emigration of high-pressure gas is realized, and the specific flow is shown in figure 5; in this stage, the time of the variable pressure state, the high pressure constant pressure state and the low pressure constant pressure state is the same, the time is set to T, the compression process is approximately considered to be an isothermal process due to the liquid-gas mixed state in the pressure vessel, and at this time, the relationship between the liquid volume and the gas pressure in the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13, which change with the process time T, satisfies the following relational expression:
wherein: a ═ pH/pL，V1、V2、V3Is the liquid volume, p, inside the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12, the third pressure vessel 131、p2、p3The gas pressure inside the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12, and the third pressure vessel 13.
After this stage, the first pressure vessel 11 is filled with a mixture of high-pressure gas and liquid, the second pressure vessel 12 is filled with liquid, and the third pressure vessel 13 is filled with low-pressure gas. Entering a second stage of compression, wherein the first pressure container 11, the second pressure container 12 and the third pressure container 13 are respectively in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, a low-pressure constant-pressure state and a variable-pressure state, and synchronous actions are performed according to the requirements of the states, and the specific flow is shown in fig. 6; until the first pressure vessel 11 is filled with liquid, the second pressure vessel 12 is filled with low-pressure gas, and the third pressure vessel 13 is filled with high-pressure gas and liquid mixed. Entering a third stage of compression, wherein the first pressure container 11, the second pressure container 12 and the third pressure container 13 are respectively in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, a variable-pressure state and a high-pressure constant-pressure state, and perform synchronous actions according to the requirements of the states, and the specific flow is shown in fig. 7; until the first pressure vessel 11 is filled with low pressure gas, the second pressure vessel 12 is filled with high pressure gas and liquid, and the third pressure vessel 13 is filled with liquid. And circulating the three energy storage phases until the energy storage is finished. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the change curves of the gas pressure and the liquid volume in one cycle period of the compression process, wherein 0-T is the first stage of energy storage, T-2T is the second stage of energy storage, and 2-3T is the third stage of energy storage.
In power generation, in an initial state, the first pressure container 11 is used for mixing high-pressure gas pH and liquid, the second pressure container 12 is filled with liquid, and the third pressure container 13 is filled with low-pressure gas pL; entering a first stage of power generation, wherein a first pressure container 11, a second pressure container 12 and a third pressure container 13 are respectively in a variable pressure state, a high pressure constant pressure state and a low pressure constant pressure state, the pH value of high-pressure gas in a high-pressure gas pipeline 32 enters the second pressure container 12, liquid with the same volume flows out from a constant pressure driving device connecting port of a liquid switch 42 to drive a reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 to generate power, meanwhile, gas in the first pressure container 11 expands from the high-pressure pH value to a low pressure pL, the liquid flows out to a variable pressure driving device connecting port to drive the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 to generate power, the liquid after power generation flows into the third pressure container 13 through a main pipeline connecting port, meanwhile, low-pressure gas with the same volume enters a low-pressure gas pipeline 31 through the gas switch 42 to finish constant pressure outflow of the low-pressure gas; in this stage, the time of the variable pressure state, the high pressure constant pressure state and the low pressure constant pressure state is the same, the time is set to T, the expansion process is approximately considered to be an isothermal process due to the liquid-gas mixed state inside the pressure vessel, and at this time, the relationship between the liquid volume and the gas pressure inside the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13, which change with the process time T, satisfies the following relational expression:
wherein: a ═ pH/pL，V1、V2、V3Is the liquid volume, p, inside the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12, the third pressure vessel 131、p2、p3The gas pressure inside the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12, and the third pressure vessel 13.
After this stage, the first pressure vessel 11 is filled with low-pressure gas, the second pressure vessel 12 is filled with high-pressure gas and liquid, and the third pressure vessel 13 is filled with liquid. Entering a second stage of power generation, wherein the first pressure container 11, the second pressure container 12 and the third pressure container 13 are respectively in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, a variable-pressure state and a high-pressure constant-pressure state, and synchronous actions are performed according to the requirements of the states, and the specific flow is shown in fig. 10; until the first pressure vessel 11 is filled with liquid, the second pressure vessel 12 is filled with low-pressure gas, and the third pressure vessel 13 is filled with high-pressure gas and liquid mixed. In the third stage of power generation, the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12 and the third pressure vessel 13 are respectively in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, a low-pressure constant-pressure state and a variable-pressure state, and synchronous actions are performed according to the requirements of the states, wherein the specific flow is shown in fig. 11; until the inside of the first pressure vessel 11 is filled with the high-pressure gas and the liquid, the inside of the second pressure vessel 12 is filled with the liquid, and the inside of the third pressure vessel 13 is filled with the low-pressure gas. And circulating the three stages of power generation until the power generation is finished. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the variation curves of gas pressure and liquid volume in a cycle period of a power generation process, wherein 0-T is the first stage of power generation, T-2T is the second stage of power generation, and 2-3T is the third stage of power generation.
In the above implementation process, the pressure vessels are provided with the same volume to facilitate synchronous switching, and when considering the influence of factors such as gas dissolution and storage capacity, the sizes of the pressure vessels (the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12, and the third pressure vessel 13) may also be different, for example, the effective gas volume of each pressure vessel is V, considering the phenomenon of gas dissolution that occurs when liquid compresses high-pressure gas, assuming that the solubility is a%, in order to ensure that the amount of gas interacting with the next stage is not changed, a certain amount of storage capacity gas should be reserved inside the pressure vessel to offset the amount of gas dissolved under high-pressure conditions, so the volume of the pressure vessel needs to be corrected to be (1+ a% × pL V/pH) V. Similarly, when the reservoir liquid is reserved in consideration of the influence of the liquid loss, the volume of the pressure vessel needs to be further corrected.
In addition, in the alternate control strategy, during compression, when the pressure container in the high-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with liquid, the gas in the pressure container in the variable-pressure state reaches the internal pressure of the high-pressure gas pipeline 32, and the pressure container in the low-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with low-pressure gas, synchronous switching is adopted; during power generation, when the pressure container in the low-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with liquid, and the gas in the pressure container in the variable-pressure state reaches the internal pressure of the low-pressure gas pipeline 31, and the pressure container in the high-pressure constant-pressure state is mixed with high-pressure gas and liquid with specified volumes, the expansion process is finished, and synchronous switching is adopted. It should be noted that, when the three pressure vessels do not reach the switching point at the same time, according to the parallel control strategy, the equipment connected to the pressure vessel that reaches the switching state first can stop operating, and the switching can be performed simultaneously when all the other pressure vessels meet the switching condition. For example, during compression, when the high-pressure constant-pressure state pressure vessel connected to the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 is filled with water and the variable-pressure state pressure vessel connected to the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 does not reach the pressure of the high-pressure gas pipeline 32, the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 should be controlled to stop running, the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 continues running or accelerates running, and when the pressure of the variable-pressure state pressure vessel reaches the pressure of the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 and the low-pressure state pressure vessel is filled with gas, the pressure is switched again and synchronously.
In the given calculation formula, the compression or expansion process is approximate to an isothermal process, in order to realize the isothermal process, the inside of the pressure container can adopt a packed tower design, the gas-liquid contact area is increased by utilizing the design of a bubble cap, a float valve and the like, and the isothermal compression and expansion process of the gas is realized by utilizing the characteristic of larger specific heat capacity of the liquid.
In embodiment 2 of the present invention shown in fig. 13, the undescribed portions are the same as in embodiment 1.
The reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 in embodiment 2 of the present invention both adopt a form of a combination of a water pump 2011 and a hydro-generator 2012:
during compression, the valve F16 and the valve F8 are opened, the valve F17 and the valve F19 are closed, and liquid in a main pipeline connecting port in the liquid switch 42 is pumped to a variable pressure driving device connecting port and a constant pressure driving device connecting port through the water pump 2011 respectively.
During power generation, the valve F16 and the valve F8 are closed, the valve F17 and the valve F19 are opened, and liquid in the variable pressure driving device connecting port and the constant pressure driving device connecting port in the liquid switch 42 flows into the main pipeline connecting port and drives the hydraulic generator 2012 to generate power.
In embodiment 3 of the present invention shown in fig. 14, the undescribed portions are the same as those in embodiments 1 and 2.
In embodiment 3 of the present invention, the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 both adopt a form of combining the hydraulic cylinder 2021 and the linear motor 2022:
during compression, when the connecting rod runs rightwards under the driving of the linear motor, the valve F17, the valve F18, the valve F21 and the valve F22 are opened, the valve F16, the valve F19, the valve F20 and the valve F23 are closed, when the connecting rod runs leftwards, the valve F16, the valve F19, the valve F20 and the valve F23 are opened, the valve F17, the valve F18, the valve F21 and the valve F22 are closed, and liquid is pumped from the main pipeline connecting port to the variable-pressure driving device connecting port and the constant-pressure driving device connecting port through the hydraulic cylinder 2021.
During power generation, the valve F16, the valve F19, the valve F20 and the valve F23 are opened, the valve F17, the valve F18, the valve F21 and the valve F22 are closed, the connecting rod runs rightwards, the valve F17, the valve F18, the valve F21 and the valve F22 are opened, the valve F16, the valve F19, the valve F20 and the valve F23 are closed, the connecting rod runs leftwards, and liquid in the variable pressure driving device connecting port and the constant pressure driving device connecting port flows into the main pipeline connecting port through the hydraulic cylinder 2021 and drives the linear motor 2022 to generate power.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device in the form of a pump turbine in the present embodiment. In the actual engineering design, different forms can be adopted for the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device 22 in consideration of the characteristics and application occasions of different types of hydraulic devices. The reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 needs to bear larger water head fluctuation and load force in the gas compression process in the operation process, a combined form of a hydraulic cylinder 2021 and a linear motor 2022 is adopted to meet design requirements, the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device 22 only bears the migration operation of liquid in the operation process, the water head is stable, the load force is smaller, and a combined form of a water pump and a water turbine can be adopted to meet the requirement of higher operation efficiency under the stable water head.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view of an alternative of the linear motor 2022 in this embodiment, in which the hydraulic cylinder 2021 is connected to a plurality of sets of hydraulic cylinders through a connecting rod, the plurality of sets of hydraulic cylinders are connected to a high-pressure water tank 2023 and a low-pressure water tank 2024 having a head fall, and a water pump 2011 and a hydraulic generator 2012 are connected between the high-pressure water tank 2023 and the low-pressure water tank 2024. The component is used as an alternative scheme of the linear motor 2022, water is pumped from the low-pressure water tank 2024 to the high-pressure water tank 2023 through the water pump 2011 during compression, meanwhile, water in the high-pressure water tank 2023 flows into the low-pressure water tank 2024 through a plurality of groups of hydraulic cylinders to drive the reciprocating motion of the connecting rod, the effect of driving the connecting rod to reciprocate through the linear motor 2022 can be replaced, during power generation, the reciprocating motion of the connecting rod pumps water from the low-pressure water tank 2024 to the high-pressure water tank 2023 through a plurality of groups of hydraulic cylinders, meanwhile, the water flows into the low-pressure water tank 2024 through the water wheel generator 2012 in the high-pressure water tank 2023 to drive the.
Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 in this embodiment, which is capable of achieving liquid purification, and the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device 21 is composed of two sets of hydraulic cylinders 2021, two sets of buffer hydraulic tanks 2025, and a linear motor 2022. The linear motor 2022 is connected with two sets of coaxial hydraulic cylinders 2021, one end of each of the two sets of hydraulic cylinders 2021 is connected with a variable pressure driving device connector and a main pipeline connector of the liquid switch 42 through a pipeline and a valve, the other end of each of the two sets of hydraulic cylinders 2021 is connected with a liquid port of a set of buffer hydraulic tank 2025 through a pipeline and a valve, gas ports of the two sets of buffer hydraulic tanks 2025 are connected to realize gas constant pressure transmission, and the buffer hydraulic tank 2025 is a pressure container with coexisting gas and liquid. During compression, the linear motor 2022 of the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 acts to drive the two sets of hydraulic cylinders 2021 to reciprocate, so that liquid in the main pipeline connecting port is pumped into one set of buffer hydraulic pool 2025, meanwhile, equal amount of gas in the set of buffer hydraulic pool 2025 enters the other set of buffer hydraulic pool 2025, equal amount of liquid in the other set of buffer hydraulic pool 2025 enters the variable-pressure driving device connecting port, and the liquid enters the variable-pressure driving device connecting port from the main pipeline connecting port through the buffer hydraulic pool 2025. At this time, the quality of the water entering the connection port of the variable pressure driving apparatus can be improved by replacing or purifying the liquid in the buffer hydraulic tank 2025. Similarly, the power generation process is the reverse process of the process, and can be obviously realized, and is not described again.
In embodiment 4 of the present invention shown in fig. 18, the undescribed portions are the same as in embodiment 1.
Because the states need to be switched simultaneously, when the pressure difference between the high-pressure gas and the low-pressure gas communicated by the high-pressure gas pipeline 32 and the low-pressure gas pipeline 31 is large, the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21 can bear large pressure fluctuation, and the requirement on the pressure resistance of the device is high; meanwhile, the volume of the pressure vessel is required to be larger, so that the problems of larger volume, longer compression time and the need of increasing the sizes of three pressure vessels are caused. In the embodiment, the operation requirement of equipment in the compression or expansion process is considered, the pressure transformation process is carried out in a grading way, and at least one pressure transformation compensation state is added after the pressure transformation state; thereby effectively reducing the pressure difference in each pressure vessel and reducing the performance requirements of the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 21.
On the basis of the embodiment 1, a fourth pressure vessel 14 and a compensation reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 24 are added, a first-stage variable-pressure compensation state is added, meanwhile, a pressure vessel connecting port is added to the gas switch 41, a first-stage variable-pressure compensation device connecting port is added to the liquid switch 42 while a pressure vessel connecting port is added, and corresponding pipelines and valves are added; the pressure vessel in the first-stage pressure-varying compensation state is the same as that in the pressure vessel in the pressure-varying state, and the pressure in the pressure vessel in the first-stage pressure-varying compensation state is higher than that in the pressure vessel in the pressure-varying compensation state; the gas connecting ports of the first pressure container 11, the second pressure container 12, the third pressure container 13 and the fourth pressure container 14 are respectively connected with the pressure container first connecting port, the pressure container second connecting port, the pressure container third connecting port and the pressure container fourth connecting port of the gas switch 41; the liquid connecting ports of the first pressure container 11, the second pressure container 12, the third pressure container 13 and the fourth pressure container 14 are respectively connected with the pressure container first connecting port, the pressure container second connecting port, the pressure container third connecting port and the pressure container fourth connecting port of the liquid switch 42; two ends of the newly added compensation reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device 24 are respectively connected with the first variable-pressure compensation device connector and the liquid main pipeline 23.
The gas switch 41 includes valves F1 to F8, a low-pressure gas connection port, a high-pressure gas connection port, a first pressure vessel connection port, a second pressure vessel connection port, a third pressure vessel connection port, a fourth pressure vessel connection port, and connection pipes. The concrete connection mode is as follows: the first pressure vessel connecting port, the second pressure vessel connecting port, the third pressure vessel connecting port and the third pressure vessel connecting port of the gas switch 41 are respectively connected to the high-pressure gas connecting port through a valve F1, a valve F3, a valve F5, a valve F7 and a pipeline, and are connected to the low-pressure gas connecting port through a valve F2, a valve F4, a valve F6, a valve F8 and a pipeline. The liquid switch 42 includes: the pressure vessel comprises valves F9-F24, a variable pressure driving device connecting port, a first variable pressure compensation device connecting port, a constant pressure driving device connecting port, a main pipeline connecting port, a pressure vessel first connecting port, a pressure vessel second connecting port, a pressure vessel third connecting port, a pressure vessel fourth connecting port and a connecting pipeline. The concrete connection mode is as follows: the first connection port of the pressure vessel, the second connection port of the pressure vessel, the third connection port of the pressure vessel and the fourth connection port of the pressure vessel of the liquid switch 42 are respectively connected to the first connection port of the pressure transformation equipment through a valve F9, a valve F13, a valve F17, a valve F21 and a pipeline, connected to the second connection port of the pressure transformation equipment through a valve F10, a valve F14, a valve F18, a valve F22 and a pipeline, connected to the connection port of the constant pressure driving equipment through a valve F11, a valve F15, a valve F19, a valve F23 and a pipeline, and connected to the connection port of the main pipeline through a valve F12, a valve F16, a valve F20, a valve F24.
In the embodiment, the original variable pressure state, the high-pressure constant-pressure state and the low-pressure constant-pressure state are divided into two stages to realize the whole process, and the variable pressure state and the first-stage variable pressure compensation state correspond to the gas staged compression or expansion process. For example, the pressure-changing state realizes that the gas pressure is changed from pL to pH, the pressure-changing state after grading is that the gas pressure is changed from pL to pM, and the first-stage pressure-changing compensation state is that the gas pressure is changed from pM to pH (pL < pM < pH). The connection method of the pipeline and the valve in the variable pressure state and the first-stage variable pressure compensation state is the same as that of the pipeline and the valve in the variable pressure state, and the corresponding valve in the gas switch 41 is closed and is connected to the variable pressure driving equipment connecting port and the first variable pressure compensation equipment connecting port through the liquid switch 42.
During compression, in the first stage, the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12, the third pressure vessel 13 and the fourth pressure vessel 14 are respectively in a variable pressure state, a first-stage variable pressure compensation state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and are switched to the second stage, the pressure vessels are respectively in a first-stage variable pressure compensation state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state, a low-pressure constant-pressure state and a variable pressure state, and are switched to the third stage, the pressure vessels are respectively in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, a low-pressure constant-pressure state, a variable pressure state and a first-stage variable pressure compensation state, and are switched to the fourth stage, and the pressure vessels are respectively in a low-pressure constant-pressure state. The four stages are a period and circulate to the end of the compression process.
During power generation, assuming that the first pressure vessel 11, the second pressure vessel 12, the third pressure vessel 13 and the fourth pressure vessel 14 are respectively in a variable pressure state, a first-stage variable pressure compensation state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state at the first stage, switching to the second stage, respectively in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, a variable pressure state, a first-stage variable pressure compensation state and a high-pressure constant-pressure state, switching to the third stage, respectively in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, a low-pressure constant-pressure state, a variable pressure state and a first-stage variable pressure compensation state, switching to the fourth stage, respectively in a first-stage variable pressure compensation state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state, a low-pressure constant-pressure. The four stages are a period and are circulated until the power generation process is finished.
The embodiment only shows the changes of the device structure and the method caused by the need of adding one-stage transformation compensation state (namely, dividing the transformation state into two levels); it is easy to understand that when the multi-stage pressure-varying compensation state needs to be added according to the pressure difference between the high-pressure gas and the low-pressure gas and the specific requirements of the hydraulic equipment (such as the occupied area size, the volume limit of the existing equipment, etc.), the same number of reversible hydraulic pressure-varying driving equipment, the pressure vessel connecting port of the gas switch 41 and the pressure-varying compensation equipment connecting port of the liquid switch 42 are added at the same time according to the scheme provided by the embodiment; and the same number of levels of voltage transformation compensation states are added between the voltage transformation state and the high-voltage constant-voltage state during compression or power generation.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The three-state rotary liquid self-circulation reversible compression device has three basic states, and further division of the pressure-changing state, the high-pressure constant-pressure state and the low-pressure constant-pressure state is still within the protection scope of the invention, so that the quantity change of the pressure container or hydraulic equipment caused by the further division is also within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a reversible compressor arrangement of three state rotation formula liquid self-loopa which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises three pressure containers, a reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device (21), a reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device, a liquid main pipeline (23), a low-pressure gas pipeline (31), a high-pressure gas pipeline (32), a gas switch (41) and a liquid switch (42); the gas connecting ports of the three pressure containers are respectively connected with a low-pressure gas pipeline (31) and a high-pressure gas pipeline (32) through gas switches (41); liquid connectors of the three pressure containers are respectively connected with one end of a reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device (21), one end of a reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device (22) and one end of a liquid main pipeline (23) through liquid switches (42); the other ends of the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device (21) and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device (22) are connected with the other end of the liquid main pipeline (23);
running in three stages by adopting a three-state rotation running mode, wherein in each stage, running is carried out by adopting a parallel control strategy, and then a rotation control strategy is adopted and the next stage is started;
in a three-state rotating operation mode, three pressure containers are respectively alternated among a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state, reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving equipment (21) is connected with the variable-pressure state pressure container and the low-pressure constant-pressure state pressure container through a liquid switch (42), and reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving equipment (22) is connected with the high-pressure constant-pressure state pressure container and the low-pressure constant-pressure state pressure container through the liquid switch (42); the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device (21) and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device (22) are driven to operate by utilizing electric energy so as to realize the compression process of gas; or the gas expansion process is utilized to do work so as to drive the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device (21) and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device (22) to generate electricity.
2. The three-state rotary liquid self-circulating reversible compression device according to claim 1, wherein said parallel control strategy is:
during compression, the three pressure containers are respectively in a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state; the method comprises the following steps that in the compression process, low-pressure gas in a low-pressure gas pipeline (31) enters a pressure container in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and liquid with the same volume flows to reversible hydraulic pressure transformation equipment (21) and reversible hydraulic constant-pressure equipment (22) through a liquid switch (42); reversible hydraulic pressure transformation equipment (21) consumes energy to drive liquid to enter a pressure container in a pressure transformation state, so that gas compression is realized; reversible hydraulic constant pressure equipment (22) consumes energy to drive liquid to enter a pressure container in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, and high-pressure air with the same volume is transferred into a high-pressure gas pipeline (32);
when generating electricity, the three pressure containers are respectively in a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state; in the power generation process, the high-pressure gas expands in the pressure container in the pressure transformation state to drive the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device (21) to generate power; high-pressure air in a high-pressure gas pipeline (32) enters a pressure container in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, and meanwhile, the liquid with the same volume drives reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving equipment (22) to generate electricity; the liquid of the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device (21) and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device (22) enters a pressure container in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and meanwhile, the low-pressure gas with the same volume in the pressure container in the low-pressure constant-pressure state enters a low-pressure gas pipeline (31).
3. The three-state rotating liquid self-circulation reversible compression device according to claim 1, wherein said rotating control strategy is:
during compression, when the pressure container in the high-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with liquid, the gas in the pressure container in the variable-pressure state reaches the internal pressure of the high-pressure gas pipeline (32), and the pressure container in the low-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with low-pressure gas, the compression process is finished, and the state is switched; the states of the pressure containers are switched simultaneously among a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and the rotation sequence is that the variable pressure state, the high-pressure constant-pressure state and the low-pressure constant-pressure state are switched sequentially;
when the pressure vessel in the low-pressure constant-pressure state is filled with liquid and the gas in the pressure vessel in the variable-pressure state reaches the internal pressure of the low-pressure gas pipeline (31) and the high-pressure constant-pressure state is mixed with the high-pressure gas and the liquid with specified volumes, the expansion process is finished and the state is switched; the states of the pressure containers are switched simultaneously among a variable pressure state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state, and the pressure containers are switched sequentially among the variable pressure state, the low-pressure constant-pressure state and the high-pressure constant-pressure state.
4. The three-state rotary type liquid self-circulation reversible compression device as claimed in claim 1, wherein N stages of pressure-varying compensation states are added between the pressure-varying state and the high-pressure constant-pressure state, and N compensating reversible hydraulic pressure-varying driving devices (24), pressure vessels, pressure vessel connecting ports of the gas switch (41) and pressure-varying compensation device connecting ports of the liquid switch (42) are added, wherein N is more than or equal to 1; a gas connector and a liquid connector of the newly added pressure container (14) are respectively connected with a gas switch (41) and a liquid switch (42), and two ends of the Nth newly added compensation reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device (24) are respectively connected with an Nth variable-pressure compensation device connector and a liquid main pipeline (23); the state of each pressure container is switched simultaneously among a variable pressure state, a 1-level variable pressure compensation state, an N-level variable pressure compensation state, a high-pressure constant-pressure state and a low-pressure constant-pressure state.
5. A three-state rotary type liquid self-circulation reversible compression device as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the pressure vessel is in a pressure-varying state, the gas switch (41) connected to the gas connection port of the pressure vessel is closed, and the liquid connection port is communicated with the reversible hydraulic pressure-varying driving apparatus (21); during compression, reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving equipment (21) applies work to inject liquid into the pressure container, so that gas in the pressure container is compressed from low pressure to high pressure; during power generation, gas in the pressure container expands to do work to push liquid to flow through the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device (21) to generate power, and gas in the pressure container expands from high pressure to low pressure;
when the pressure container is in a high-pressure constant-pressure state, a gas connecting port of the pressure container is communicated with a high-pressure gas pipeline (32), and a liquid connecting port is communicated with reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving equipment (22); during compression, liquid is sent into the pressure container by reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving equipment (22), and high-pressure air with the same volume enters a high-pressure gas pipeline (32) to realize that the gas in the pressure container maintains constant high pressure; during power generation, liquid flows to reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving equipment (22) from a pressure container and drives power generation, and high-pressure air with the same volume enters the pressure container from a high-pressure gas pipeline (32) to realize that gas in the pressure container maintains constant high pressure;
when the pressure container is in a low-pressure constant-pressure state, a gas connecting port of the pressure container is communicated with a low-pressure gas pipeline (31), and a liquid connecting port is communicated with a liquid main pipeline (23); during compression, liquid enters the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device (21) and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device (22) from the pressure container, meanwhile, low-pressure air with a medium volume in the low-pressure gas pipeline (31) enters the pressure container, and gas in the pressure container maintains constant low pressure; during power generation, liquid enters the pressure container through the reversible hydraulic variable-pressure driving device (21) and the reversible hydraulic constant-pressure driving device (22), and meanwhile low-pressure air with the same volume in the pressure container enters the low-pressure gas pipeline (31), so that constant low pressure of gas in the pressure container is maintained.
6. A three-state rotary type liquid self-circulation reversible compression device according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 5, wherein the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device (21) and the reversible hydraulic constant pressure driving device (22) can be in the form of a combination of a water pump and a water turbine, a reversible hydraulic turbine set or a hydraulic cylinder with a linear driving device, and can also be in the form of a combination of a hydraulic cylinder set with a water pump, a water turbine and a water feeding tank.
7. The three-state rotary liquid self-circulation reversible compression device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the hydraulic cylinder with linear driving means is in the form of: the hydraulic cylinder (2021) is connected with a plurality of groups of hydraulic cylinders through connecting rods, the hydraulic cylinders are connected with a high-pressure water tank (2023) and a low-pressure water tank (2024) which have water head fall, and a water pump (2011) and a water wheel generator (2012) are connected between the high-pressure water tank (2023) and the low-pressure water tank (2024).
8. The three-state rotary type liquid self-circulation reversible compression device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the reversible hydraulic variable pressure driving device (21) is composed of two sets of hydraulic cylinders (2021), two sets of buffer hydraulic tanks (2025) and a linear motor (2022), wherein the linear motor (2022) is connected with the two sets of coaxial hydraulic cylinders (2021), one end of each of the two sets of hydraulic cylinders (2021) is respectively connected to the variable pressure driving device connection port and the main pipeline connection port of the liquid switch (42) through a pipeline and a valve, the other end of each of the two sets of hydraulic cylinders (2021) is respectively connected to the liquid port of the buffer hydraulic tank (2025) through a pipeline and a valve, the gas ports of the two sets of buffer hydraulic tanks (2025) are connected to realize gas constant pressure transmission, and the buffer hydraulic tank (2025) is a pressure container.
9. A three-state rotary liquid self-circulation reversible compression device as claimed in any one of claims 1, 2, 4 or 5, wherein said gas switch (41) and said liquid switch (42) can be a valve group consisting of a pipeline and a switch valve, or can be an integrated reversing valve, and the on-off state of the valve is determined according to a rotation control strategy.
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