CN110985356A - Open type isothermal compressed air energy storage system and method based on hydraulic pump and sprayer - Google Patents

Open type isothermal compressed air energy storage system and method based on hydraulic pump and sprayer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110985356A
CN110985356A CN201911265289.9A CN201911265289A CN110985356A CN 110985356 A CN110985356 A CN 110985356A CN 201911265289 A CN201911265289 A CN 201911265289A CN 110985356 A CN110985356 A CN 110985356A
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electromagnetic valve
valve
working cavity
water
control unit
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CN110985356B (en
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陈华
彭钰航
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Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
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Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B15/00—Controlling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/10—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto characterised by having means for functioning alternatively as pumps or turbines
    • F03B3/103—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto characterised by having means for functioning alternatively as pumps or turbines the same wheel acting as turbine wheel and as pump wheel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
    • F04B39/062—Cooling by injecting a liquid in the gas to be compressed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F1/00—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped
    • F04F1/06—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium acting on the surface of the liquid to be pumped
    • F04F1/10—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium acting on the surface of the liquid to be pumped of multiple type, e.g. with two or more units in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F13/00—Pressure exchangers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an open isothermal compressed air energy storage system and method based on a hydraulic pump and a sprayer. The invention adopts the hydraulic pump and the sprayer to realize isothermal compression/expansion, thereby reducing compression work, improving expansion work, and improving the energy storage efficiency and the energy utilization efficiency of the system; the two working chambers are enabled to alternately operate by adopting the reversing valve, the compression/expansion time ratio of the system is improved, continuous energy storage/release is realized, and the volume of the system and the manufacturing cost are reduced.

Description

Open type isothermal compressed air energy storage system and method based on hydraulic pump and sprayer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, in particular to an open isothermal compressed air energy storage system based on a hydraulic pump and a sprayer and a working method.
Background
The compressed air energy storage technology has huge potential in the aspects of large-scale grid connection of intermittent renewable energy sources, realization of peak shaving of a power system, reduction of carbon emission and the like, is one of the large-scale energy storage technologies with the most development potential at present, and has the advantages of large energy storage capacity, high conversion efficiency, high reliability, economy, feasibility, small construction constraint and the like.
The basic principle of compressed air energy storage is as follows: the compressor is driven by utilizing valley power, wind power, photoelectricity and the like to compress air, and electric energy is stored in an underground mine hole or a high-pressure air storage tank in the form of air pressure energy; in the peak period of the power load, the stored compressed air expands to do work and drive the turbine to generate electricity. Compressed air energy storage technologies can be classified into afterburning type, heat storage type, isothermal type, and the like according to the heat energy utilization mode. In the energy storage process, most of compression heat is directly discharged, and in the energy release process, fuel is needed to be subjected to afterburning heating and then expanded in a gas turbine to drive a generator to generate power. Therefore, the system has the advantages of large energy loss, low energy storage efficiency and serious environmental pollution. The heat storage system adopts a heat regenerator to store heat, collects and stores compression heat during energy storage, and heats high-pressure air entering a turbine by using the heat regenerator during energy release. The system has large temperature rise in the adiabatic compression process, large energy consumption in the compression process and high temperature resistance requirements on equipment and heat storage materials. The isothermal system adopts spray cooling, liquid piston and other measures to make the compression and expansion process of air approximately isothermal, and reduce the compression heat and expansion heat of the system to the minimum, the theoretical efficiency is close to 100%, and the system does not need external heating, thus greatly improving the energy utilization efficiency.
The isothermal compressed air energy storage technology overcomes the technical bottlenecks of a high-temperature heat accumulator and a heat insulation compressor, avoids the afterburning requirement, reduces carbon emission, and has excellent energy storage performance and wide application prospect. However, the conventional isothermal compressed air energy storage system is a closed system, and needs two working mediums, wherein air is an energy storage working medium, liquid is a power generation working medium, and both the two working mediums need to occupy the volume of the system. Therefore, compared with a non-isothermal compressed air energy storage system with a single working medium, the volume of the system is doubled, so that the volume energy storage density is reduced to 50%. In addition, in an actual isothermal compressed air energy storage system, due to the limitation of the gas-liquid contact heat transfer area, the actual temperature change in the compression and expansion processes is still large, so that the actual cycle efficiency is far lower than that of an ideal cycle. The two factors restrict the development and popularization of the isothermal compressed air energy storage technology, and the key for further popularization and application of the technology is how to improve the energy storage density of the isothermal compressed air energy storage system and reduce the temperature change in the air compression and expansion processes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides an open isothermal compressed air energy storage system based on a hydraulic pump and a sprayer and a working method thereof, which aim to reduce the temperature change in the air compression and expansion processes and realize the isothermal compression and isothermal expansion of the air.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
an open isothermal compressed air energy storage system based on a hydraulic pump and a sprayer comprises a motor/generator, wherein the motor/generator is connected with a hydraulic pump/turbine, the hydraulic pump/turbine is communicated with a reversing valve, the reversing valve is respectively communicated with a first working cavity and a second working cavity through a first valve bank, the first working cavity and the second working cavity are respectively communicated with a high-pressure air storage tank through a second valve bank, pressure monitoring devices are respectively arranged on the first working cavity, the second working cavity and the high-pressure air storage tank, and a spraying mechanism and a third valve bank are respectively arranged on the first working cavity and the second working cavity; the pressure monitoring device is connected with the data acquisition unit, and the reversing valve, the first valve bank, the second valve bank, the third valve bank, the spraying mechanism, the motor/generator, the hydraulic pump/turbine and the data acquisition unit are all connected with the control unit.
Preferably, the motor/generator is a generator-motor integrated machine, the generator-motor integrated machine can be used as a motor or a generator, the hydraulic pump/turbine is a reversible hydraulic pump turbine, the reversible hydraulic pump turbine can be used as a hydraulic pump or a hydraulic turbine, and the motor/generator is connected with the hydraulic pump/turbine; the electric motor/generator and the hydraulic pump/turbine are both connected to a control unit.
Preferably, the first valve group comprises a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve, the first electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between the reversing valve and the first working cavity, the second electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline between the reversing valve and the second working cavity, a first flowmeter is arranged on a pipeline between the second electromagnetic valve and the reversing valve, and the first flowmeter is connected with the data acquisition unit.
Preferably, the second valve group comprises a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth electromagnetic valve and a fifth electromagnetic valve, and the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve are all connected with the control unit; the first working cavity is communicated with the high-pressure gas storage tank through a third electromagnetic valve and a fifth electromagnetic valve, and the second working cavity is communicated with the high-pressure gas storage tank through a fourth electromagnetic valve and a fifth electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, the pressure monitoring device comprises a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor and a third pressure sensor, the first pressure sensor is arranged on the high-pressure air storage tank, the second pressure sensor is arranged on the first working cavity, and the third pressure sensor is arranged on the second working cavity; the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor are all connected with the data acquisition unit.
Preferably, the spraying mechanism comprises a first water pump, a second flowmeter, a third flowmeter, a first sprayer and a second sprayer, the first sprayer is arranged at the top end of the inner part of the first working cavity, the second sprayer is arranged at the top end of the inner part of the second working cavity, the first water pump is arranged outside the first working cavity and is respectively communicated with the bottom and the top of the first working cavity through a water pipe, the second flowmeter is arranged on the water pipe, the second water pump is arranged outside the second working cavity and is respectively communicated with the bottom and the top of the second working cavity through a water pipe, and the third flowmeter is arranged on the water pipe; the first water pump and the second water pump are connected with the control unit, and the second flowmeter and the third flowmeter are connected with the data acquisition unit.
Preferably, the third valve group comprises a sixth electromagnetic valve and a seventh electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first working cavity, and the seventh electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second working cavity; and the sixth electromagnetic valve and the seventh electromagnetic valve are both connected with the control unit.
Preferably, the working method of the open isothermal compressed air energy storage system based on a hydraulic pump and a sprayer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, when the system stores energy, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, a control unit switches a motor/generator into a motor working mode and switches a hydraulic pump/turbine into a hydraulic pump working mode, the control unit controls the on-off of a reversing valve, a first valve group, a second valve group and a third valve group, the water flow direction in the reversing valve is switched back and forth, the first working cavity and the second working cavity work by alternately compressing air, and the compressed air is stored in a high-pressure air storage tank alternately;
s2, when the system releases energy, the method comprises the following steps: the control unit controls the reversing valve, the first valve group, the second valve group and the third valve group to be powered on or powered off, so that the high-pressure air storage tank alternately flows compressed air into the first working cavity and the second working cavity, water flow in the first working cavity and the second working cavity alternately expands to work, and continuous energy release is realized.
Preferably, the system energy storage operation in step S1 includes the following steps:
y1, when the first working cavity stores energy and works, firstly, the control unit switches the motor/generator to be in a motor working mode, and switches the hydraulic pump/turbine to be in a hydraulic pump working mode, the motor is driven by wind power or photoelectricity, and the motor drives the hydraulic pump to work;
y2, the control unit controls the reversing valve not to be electrified, the control unit controls the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the seventh electromagnetic valve to be opened, the control unit controls the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the sixth electromagnetic valve to be closed, and water in the second working cavity flows into the first working cavity through a pipeline to compress air in the first working cavity under the driving of the hydraulic pump;
y3, when the pressure value of the compressed air in the first working cavity is detected to reach a set value through the second pressure sensor, the control unit controls the third electromagnetic valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve to be opened, and the compressed air flows into the high-pressure air storage tank;
y4, when the step Y1 is implemented, the control unit simultaneously controls a first water pump in the spraying mechanism to be started, the first water pump sends water at the bottom of the first working cavity into a first sprayer through a water conveying pipe, and the first sprayer atomizes the water to be sprayed into the first working cavity, so that the temperature of the compressed air in the first working cavity is kept stable;
y5, when the step Y1 is implemented, the control unit simultaneously controls the opening of a seventh electromagnetic valve, external ambient air enters a second working cavity through the seventh electromagnetic valve, the second working cavity achieves an air suction process and prepares for next air compression, and the energy storage work of the first working cavity is finished;
y6, then, starting energy storage work of the second working cavity, controlling a reversing valve to be electrified by a control unit, switching the water flowing direction by the reversing valve, simultaneously controlling a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve and a sixth electromagnetic valve to be opened by the control unit, controlling a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth electromagnetic valve, a fifth electromagnetic valve and a seventh electromagnetic valve to be closed by the control unit, and compressing air in the second working cavity by water in the first working cavity flowing into the second working cavity through a pipeline under the drive of a hydraulic pump;
y7, when a third pressure sensor detects that the pressure value of the compressed air in the second working cavity reaches a set value, the control unit controls the fourth electromagnetic valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve to be opened, and the compressed air flows into the high-pressure air storage tank;
y8, when the step Y6 is implemented, the control unit simultaneously controls a second water pump in the spraying mechanism to be started, the second water pump sends water at the bottom of the second working cavity into a second sprayer through a water conveying pipe, and the second sprayer atomizes the water to be sprayed into the second working cavity, so that the temperature of the compressed air in the second working cavity is kept stable;
y9, when the step Y6 is implemented, the control unit simultaneously controls the opening of a sixth electromagnetic valve, external ambient air enters a first working cavity through the sixth electromagnetic valve, the first working cavity achieves an air suction process and prepares for next air compression, and the energy storage work of a second working cavity is completed;
y10, the control unit switches the direction of the reversing valve back and forth by controlling the on-off of the reversing valve, controls the flowing direction of water, and repeats the steps Y1-Y9, so that the first working cavity and the second working cavity alternately and continuously compress air, and the continuous energy storage of the system is realized.
Preferably, the system release operation in step S2 includes the following steps:
n1, when the first working chamber releases energy to work, the control unit switches the motor/generator to the generator generating working mode and switches the hydraulic pump/turbine to the turbine working mode;
n2, the control unit controls the reversing valve to be not electrified, meanwhile, the control unit controls the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the ninth electromagnetic valve to be opened, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the sixth electromagnetic valve are closed, compressed air in the high-pressure air storage tank enters the first working cavity to do work on water expansion, water flows into the turbine through the second electromagnetic valve and the reversing valve to push the turbine to rotate at high speed, then the water flows into the second working cavity and discharges air in the second working cavity through the seventh electromagnetic valve, the turbine drives the generator to generate electricity, and the electricity is merged into a power grid;
n3, when the step N1 is implemented, the control unit simultaneously controls a first water pump on the first working cavity to start, the first water pump sends water at the bottom in the first working cavity into a first sprayer through a water conveying pipe, the first sprayer sprays water mist into air to provide heat required by the air expansion process, isothermal expansion is achieved, and energy release of the first working cavity is completed;
n4, then the second working chamber releases energy, the control unit controls the reversing valve to be electrified, the reversing valve switches directions, meanwhile, the control unit controls the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the sixth electromagnetic valve to be opened, the third electromagnetic valve and the seventh electromagnetic valve are closed, compressed air in the high-pressure air storage tank enters the second working chamber to do work on water expansion, water flows into the turbine through the first electromagnetic valve and the reversing valve to push the turbine to rotate at a high speed, then the water flows into the first working chamber and discharges air in the first working chamber through the sixth electromagnetic valve, the turbine drives the generator to generate electricity, and the electricity is merged into a power grid;
n5, when the step N4 is implemented, the control unit simultaneously controls a second water pump on the second working cavity to be started, the second water pump sends water at the bottom in the second working cavity into a second sprayer through a water conveying pipe, the second sprayer sprays water mist into air to provide heat required by the air expansion process, isothermal expansion is achieved, and energy release of the second working cavity is completed;
n6, the control unit switches the water flow direction by controlling the reversing valve to be switched on and off, the flow direction of the turbine is not changed, and the steps N1-N5 are repeated, so that the first working cavity and the second working cavity alternately and continuously expand to apply work, and the continuous energy release of the system is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the combination of the hydraulic pump and the spray cooling technology, so that the compression and expansion processes of the air are close to isothermal compression and isothermal expansion, and the heat release amount of compression and the heat absorption amount of expansion are reduced to the maximum extent, thereby reducing the work consumption of compression, improving the work capacity of expansion and greatly improving the cycle efficiency and the energy storage efficiency of the system.
2. The invention adopts the reversible hydraulic pump/turbine to work in cooperation with the reversing valve, and uses the two working chambers to alternately run, so that the compression time ratio and the expansion time ratio of the total system are doubled, and the continuous storage and release of energy are realized, thereby doubling the volume energy storage density, and reducing the volume of equipment and the manufacturing cost.
3. The invention adopts the spray cooling technology to reduce the air temperature rise in the energy storage process, so that the heat loss and the pressure loss of the compressed air during the shutdown storage of the system are reduced, thereby reducing the pressure energy loss of the air, improving the expansion work-doing capacity of the compressed air in the energy release process and further improving the energy storage efficiency of the system.
4. The invention can flexibly switch the working modes of the motor/generator and the reversible hydraulic pump/turbine through the control unit, thereby adjusting the energy storage/release working condition of the system and being capable of conveniently adapting to the working requirement of the system.
5. The system is provided with the data acquisition unit, so that the pressure and the flow of each container of the system can be monitored in real time, the pressure and the flow requirements of the system are met, and the safety of the system is guaranteed; the data acquisition unit is connected with the control unit and can directly feed back pressure and flow data to the control unit, so that the control unit can adjust the on-off of each electromagnetic valve and the flow of the water pump according to working requirements.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage process of the first working chamber.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second working chamber energy storage process.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the energy release process of the first working chamber.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the process of discharging the second working chamber.
In the figure, 1 is a motor/generator, 2 is a hydraulic pump/turbine, 3 is a directional control valve, 4 is a first flow meter, 5 is a second solenoid valve, 6 is a first solenoid valve, 7 is a second working chamber, 8 is a first working chamber, 9 is a seventh solenoid valve, 10 is a sixth solenoid valve, 11 is a fourth solenoid valve, 12 is a third solenoid valve, 13 is a second sprayer, 14 is a first sprayer, 15 is a second water pump, 16-position first water pump, 17 is a third flow meter, 18 is a second flow meter, 19 is a fifth solenoid valve, 20 is a high-pressure air tank, 21 is a first pressure sensor, 22 is a safety valve, 24 is a bracket, 25 is a data acquisition unit, 26 is a control unit, 27 is a second pressure sensor, and 28 is a third pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, an open isothermal compressed air energy storage system based on a hydraulic pump and a sprayer can be applied to peak load shifting and valley filling of an electric power system, and can also be applied to storage and large-scale grid connection of renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and the like and surplus electric energy of a power grid, and comprises a motor/generator 1, a hydraulic pump/turbine 2, a first working chamber 8 of compressed air, a second working chamber 7, a high-pressure air storage tank 20, a data acquisition unit 25 and a control unit 26, wherein the motor/generator 1 is a power generation and motor integrated machine, the power generation and motor integrated machine can be used as a motor or a generator, the hydraulic pump/turbine 2 is a reversible hydraulic pump, the reversible hydraulic pump can be used as a hydraulic pump or a hydraulic turbine, the motor/generator 1 is connected with the hydraulic pump/turbine 2, and both the motor/generator 1, the control unit is respectively connected with the reversing valve 3, the first valve bank, the second valve bank, the third valve bank, the spraying mechanism, the hydraulic pump/turbine 2 and the data acquisition unit 25.
The reversing valve 3 is respectively communicated with the first working cavity 8 and the second working cavity 7 through a first valve group, the first valve group comprises a first electromagnetic valve 6 and a second electromagnetic valve 5, the second electromagnetic valve 5 is arranged on a pipeline between the reversing valve 3 and the second working cavity 7, the first electromagnetic valve 6 is arranged on a pipeline between the reversing valve 3 and the first working cavity 8, a first flowmeter 4 is arranged on a pipeline between the second electromagnetic valve 5 and the reversing valve 3, and the first flowmeter 4 is connected with the data acquisition unit 25.
The first working chamber 8 and the second working chamber 7 are respectively communicated with a high-pressure gas storage tank 20 through a second valve bank, the second valve bank comprises a third electromagnetic valve 12, a fourth electromagnetic valve 11 and a fifth electromagnetic valve 19, and the third electromagnetic valve 12, the fourth electromagnetic valve 11 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 19 are all connected with a control unit 26; the first working chamber 8 is communicated with a high-pressure gas storage tank 20 through a third electromagnetic valve 12 and a fifth electromagnetic valve 19, a safety valve 22 is arranged on the high-pressure gas storage tank, a bracket 24 is arranged at the lower part of the high-pressure gas storage tank, and the second working chamber 7 is communicated with the high-pressure gas storage tank 20 through a fourth electromagnetic valve 11 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 19.
The first working chamber 8, the second working chamber 7 and the high-pressure gas storage tank 20 are all provided with pressure monitoring devices, the pressure monitoring devices are connected with the data acquisition unit 25, each pressure monitoring device comprises a first pressure sensor 21, a second pressure sensor 27 and a third pressure sensor 28, the first pressure sensor 21 is arranged on the high-pressure gas storage tank 20, the second pressure sensor 27 is arranged on the first working chamber 8, and the third pressure sensor 28 is arranged on the second working chamber 7; the first pressure sensor 21, the second pressure sensor 27 and the third pressure sensor 28 are all connected to the data acquisition unit 25.
The first working cavity 8 and the second working cavity 7 are respectively provided with a spraying mechanism and a third valve group, the spraying mechanism comprises a first water pump 16, a second water pump 15, a second flowmeter 18, a third flowmeter 17, a first sprayer 14 and a second sprayer 13, the first sprayer 14 is arranged at the top end inside the first working cavity 8, the second sprayer 13 is arranged at the top end inside the second working cavity 7, the first water pump 16 is arranged in the first working cavity 8, the second water pump 15 is arranged outside the second working cavity 7, the first water pump 16 and the second water pump 15 are respectively communicated with the bottom and the top of the first working cavity 8 or the second working cavity 7 through water pipes, and the water pipes are provided with the second flowmeter 18 and the third flowmeter 17; the first water pump 16 and the second water pump 15 are both connected with a control unit 26, and the second flow meter 18 and the third flow meter 17 are both connected with a data acquisition unit 25; the third valve group comprises a sixth electromagnetic valve 10 and a seventh electromagnetic valve 9, the sixth electromagnetic valve 10 is arranged on the first working cavity 8, and the seventh electromagnetic valve 9 is arranged on the second working cavity 7; the sixth electromagnetic valve 10 and the seventh electromagnetic valve 9 are both connected with a control unit 26; the invention adopts the hydraulic pump and the sprayer to realize isothermal compression/expansion, thereby reducing compression work, improving expansion work, reducing pressure energy loss of high-pressure air, and improving energy storage efficiency and energy utilization efficiency of the system; the two working chambers alternately operate by adopting the reversing valve, the compression/expansion time ratio of the system is improved, and continuous energy storage/release is realized, so that the energy storage density of the system is improved, and the volume and the manufacturing cost of the system are reduced.
The working method of the open isothermal compressed air energy storage system based on the hydraulic pump and the sprayer comprises the following steps:
s1, when the system stores energy, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the control unit 26 switches the motor/generator 1 to be in a motor working mode and switches the hydraulic pump/turbine 2 to be in a hydraulic pump working mode, the motor is driven by wind power or photoelectricity, the hydraulic pump is driven by the motor to work, the control unit 26 controls the on-off electricity of the reversing valve 3, the first valve group, the second valve group and the third valve group so as to switch the flow direction of the reversing valve 3 back and forth, the first working cavity 8 and the second working cavity 7 alternately compress air to work, the compressed air is alternately stored in the high-pressure air storage tank 20, and continuous energy storage is realized;
s2, when the system releases energy, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the control unit 26 switches the motor/generator 1 to be in a generator power generation working mode and switches the hydraulic pump/turbine 2 to be in a turbine working mode, compressed air expands to do work on water, the water flows to enable the turbine to rotate at a high speed to drive the motor to rotate to generate electric energy, the electric energy is merged into a power grid to provide electric quantity for a power consumption peak, the control unit 26 controls the on-off of the reversing valve 3, the first valve group, the second valve group and the third valve group to switch the flowing direction of the reversing valve 3 back and forth, the high-pressure air storage tank 20 alternately flows compressed air into the first working cavity 8 and the second working cavity 7, and the water flow in the first working cavity 8 and the second working cavity 7 alternately expands to do work, so that continuous energy release is realized.
The energy storage operation of the system in the step S1 includes the following steps:
y1, as shown in FIG. 2, when the first working chamber 8 stores energy and works, firstly, the control unit 26 switches the motor/generator 1 to the motor working mode and switches the hydraulic pump/turbine 2 to the hydraulic pump working mode, the motor is driven by wind power or photoelectricity, and the motor drives the hydraulic pump to work;
y2, the control unit 26 controls the reversing valve 3 not to be electrified, the control unit 26 controls the first electromagnetic valve 5, the second electromagnetic valve 6 and the seventh electromagnetic valve 9 to be opened, the control unit 26 controls the third electromagnetic valve 12, the fourth electromagnetic valve 11, the fifth electromagnetic valve 19 and the sixth electromagnetic valve 10 to be closed, water in the second working chamber 7 is driven by the hydraulic pump to flow into the first working chamber 8 through the first electromagnetic valve 5, the first flowmeter 4, the hydraulic pump and the second electromagnetic valve 6 on the pipeline in sequence to compress air in the first working chamber 8;
y3, when the pressure value of the compressed air in the first working chamber 8 is detected to reach the set value through the second pressure sensor 27, the control unit 26 controls the third electromagnetic valve 12 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 19 to be opened, and the compressed air flows into the high-pressure air storage tank 20 to be stored;
y4, when the step Y1 is implemented, the control unit 26 simultaneously controls the first water pump 16 in the spraying mechanism to be started, the first water pump 16 pumps water at the bottom in the first working chamber 8 to the first sprayer 14 through a water conveying pipe, the first sprayer 14 is used for spraying the atomized water into the first working chamber 8, and as the specific heat capacity and the heat conductivity coefficient of the water are far greater than those of air, the heat of the compressed air is absorbed by the sprayed water and the liquid water at the bottom, so that the temperature of the compressed air in the first working chamber 8 is kept stable, and isothermal compression is realized;
y5, when the step Y1 is implemented, the control unit 26 simultaneously controls the opening of the seventh electromagnetic valve 9, external ambient air enters the second working chamber 7 through the seventh electromagnetic valve 9, the second working chamber 7 realizes an air suction process to prepare for next air compression, and the energy storage work of the first working chamber 8 is finished;
y6, as shown in fig. 3, subsequently, the energy storage operation of the second working chamber 8 is started, the control unit 26 controls the reversing valve 3 to be energized, the reversing valve 3 switches the water flow direction, meanwhile, the control unit 26 controls the first electromagnetic valve 5, the second electromagnetic valve 6 and the sixth electromagnetic valve 10 to be opened, the control unit 26 controls the third electromagnetic valve 12, the fourth electromagnetic valve 11, the fifth electromagnetic valve 19 and the seventh electromagnetic valve 9 to be closed, and water in the first working chamber 8 flows into the second working chamber 7 to compress air in the second working chamber 7 through the second electromagnetic valve 6, the reversing valve 3, the hydraulic pump, the reversing valve 3, the first flow meter 4 and the first electromagnetic valve 5 on the pipeline under the driving of the hydraulic pump;
y7, when the third pressure sensor 28 detects that the pressure value of the compressed air in the second working chamber 7 reaches a set value, the control unit 26 controls the fourth electromagnetic valve 11 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 19 to be opened, and the compressed air flows into the high-pressure air storage tank 20;
y8, when the step Y6 is implemented, the control unit 26 simultaneously controls a second water pump 15 in the spraying mechanism to be started, the second water pump 15 pumps water at the bottom in the second working chamber 7 to a second sprayer 13 through a water conveying pipe, the second sprayer 13 is used for spraying water into the second working chamber 7 in an atomized manner, and the sprayed water and liquid water at the bottom absorb heat of compressed air to keep the temperature of the compressed air in the second working chamber 7 stable, so that isothermal compression is realized;
y9, when the step Y6 is implemented, the control unit 26 simultaneously controls the opening of the sixth electromagnetic valve 10, external ambient air enters the first working chamber through the sixth electromagnetic valve 10, the first working chamber 8 realizes an air suction process to prepare for next air compression, and the energy storage work of the second working chamber 7 is completed;
y10, in the energy storage process, the control unit 26 controls the on-off of the reversing valve 3 to switch the direction of the reversing valve 3 back and forth, controls the water flowing direction, and repeats the steps Y1-Y9, so that the first working chamber 8 and the second working chamber 7 alternately and continuously compress air, and the continuous energy storage of the system is realized.
The energy releasing operation of the system in the step S2 includes the following steps:
n1, as shown in fig. 4, when the first working chamber 8 is first released, the control unit 26 switches the motor/generator 1 to the generator generating mode and the hydraulic pump/turbine 2 to the turbine mode;
n2, the control unit 26 controls the reversing valve 3 not to be electrified, meanwhile, the control unit 26 controls the first electromagnetic valve 5, the second electromagnetic valve 6, the third electromagnetic valve 12, the fifth electromagnetic valve 19 and the seventh electromagnetic valve 9 to be opened, the fourth electromagnetic valve 11 and the sixth electromagnetic valve 10 are closed, compressed air in the high-pressure air storage tank 20 enters the first working chamber 8 through the fifth electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve to do work on water expansion, water flows into a turbine through the second electromagnetic valve 6 and the reversing valve 3 to push the turbine to rotate at high speed, then the water flows into the second working chamber 7 through the reversing valve, the first flow meter 4 and the first electromagnetic valve 5 in sequence, air in the second working chamber 7 is discharged through the seventh electromagnetic valve 9 to make preparations for sucking high-pressure air in the second working chamber 7 and doing work on expansion, the turbine drives the generator to generate electricity, and the electricity is merged into a power grid;
n3, when the step N1 is performed, the control unit 26 simultaneously controls the first water pump 16 on the first working chamber 8 to start, the first water pump 16 sends the water at the bottom in the first working chamber 8 into the first atomizer 14 through the water pipe, the first atomizer 14 atomizes the water and sprays the water into the air to provide the heat required by the air expansion process, so as to realize isothermal expansion, and thus the energy release of the first working chamber 8 is completed;
n4, as shown in fig. 5, the second working chamber 7 releases energy, the control unit 26 controls the reversing valve 3 to be energized, the reversing valve 3 switches directions, meanwhile, the control unit 26 controls the first electromagnetic valve 5, the second electromagnetic valve 6, the fourth electromagnetic valve 11, the fifth electromagnetic valve 19 and the sixth electromagnetic valve 10 to be opened, the third electromagnetic valve 12 and the seventh electromagnetic valve 9 are closed, compressed air in the high-pressure air storage tank 20 enters the second working chamber 7 through the fifth electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve to do work on water through expansion, water flows into the turbine through the first electromagnetic valve 5 and the reversing valve 3 to push the turbine to rotate at high speed, then water flows into the first working chamber 8 through the reversing valve 3 and the second electromagnetic valve 6 and discharges air in the first working chamber 8 through the sixth electromagnetic valve 10 to prepare for the first working chamber 8 to suck high-pressure air and do work next time through expansion, and the turbine drives the generator to generate electricity, the electric energy is merged into a power grid;
n5, when the step N4 is performed, the control unit 26 simultaneously controls the second water pump 15 on the second working chamber 7 to start, the second water pump 15 sends the water at the bottom in the second working chamber 7 into the second sprayer 13 through a water pipe, the second sprayer 13 sprays the water into the air in an atomized manner, heat required in the air expansion process is provided, isothermal expansion is realized, and thus the energy release of the second working chamber 7 is completed;
n6, in the energy releasing process, the control unit 26 switches the water flow direction by controlling the reversing valve 3 to be powered on and off, the flow direction of the turbine is not changed, and the steps N1-N5 are repeated, so that the first working cavity 8 and the second working cavity 7 alternately and continuously expand to do work, and the high-pressure air storage tank 20 continuously releases energy.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. An open isothermal compressed air energy storage system based on a hydraulic pump and a sprayer comprises a motor/generator (1), wherein the motor/generator (1) is connected with a hydraulic pump/turbine (2), and is characterized in that the hydraulic pump/turbine (2) is communicated with a reversing valve (3), the reversing valve (3) is respectively communicated with a first working cavity (8) and a second working cavity (7) through a first valve bank, the first working cavity (8) and the second working cavity (7) are respectively communicated with a high-pressure air storage tank (20) through a second valve bank, pressure monitoring devices are respectively arranged on the first working cavity (8), the second working cavity (7) and the high-pressure air storage tank (20), and a spraying mechanism and a third valve bank are arranged on the first working cavity (8) and the second working cavity (7); the pressure monitoring device is connected with the data acquisition unit (25), and the reversing valve (3), the first valve bank, the second valve bank, the third valve bank, the spraying mechanism, the motor/generator (1), the hydraulic pump/turbine (2) and the data acquisition unit (25) are all connected with the control unit (26).
2. The open isothermal compressed air energy storage system based on hydraulic pump and sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that the motor/generator (1) is a generator-motor all-in-one and the generator-motor all-in-one comprises a generator working mode and a motor working mode, the hydraulic pump/turbine (2) is a reversible hydraulic pump turbine and the reversible hydraulic pump turbine comprises a hydraulic pump working mode and a turbine working mode, the motor/generator (1) is connected with the hydraulic pump/turbine (2); the electric motor/generator (1) and the hydraulic pump/turbine (2) are both connected to a control unit (26).
3. The open isothermal compressed air energy storage system based on hydraulic pump and sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that the first valve group comprises a first solenoid valve (6) and a second solenoid valve (5), the first solenoid valve (6) is arranged on the pipeline between the reversing valve (3) and the first working chamber (8), the second solenoid valve (5) is arranged on the pipeline between the reversing valve (3) and the second working chamber (7) and the pipeline between the second solenoid valve (5) and the reversing valve (3) is provided with a first flow meter (4), the first flow meter (4) is connected with the data acquisition unit (25).
4. Open isothermal compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that said second group of valves comprises a third solenoid valve (12), a fourth solenoid valve (11) and a fifth solenoid valve (19), all connected to a control unit (26) of said third solenoid valve (12), said fourth solenoid valve (11) and said fifth solenoid valve (19); the first working cavity (8) is communicated with a high-pressure air storage tank (20) through a third electromagnetic valve (12) and a fifth electromagnetic valve (19), and the second working cavity (7) is communicated with the high-pressure air storage tank (20) through a fourth electromagnetic valve (11) and the fifth electromagnetic valve (19).
5. The open isothermal compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that said pressure monitoring means comprise a first pressure sensor (21), a second pressure sensor (27) and a third pressure sensor (28), the first pressure sensor (21) being arranged on the high pressure air tank (20), the second pressure sensor (27) being arranged on the first working chamber (8) and the third pressure sensor (28) being arranged on the second working chamber (7); the first pressure sensor (21), the second pressure sensor (27) and the third pressure sensor (28) are all connected with a data acquisition unit (25).
6. The open isothermal compressed air energy storage system based on a hydraulic pump and sprayer of claim 1, the spraying mechanism is characterized by comprising a first water pump (16), a second water pump (15), a second flowmeter (18), a third flowmeter (17), a first sprayer (14) and a second sprayer (13), wherein the first sprayer (14) is arranged at the top end inside a first working cavity (8), the second sprayer is arranged at the top end inside a second working cavity (7), the first water pump (16) is arranged outside the first working cavity (8), the first water pump (16) is respectively communicated with the bottom and the top of the first working cavity (8) through a water pipe, the second water pump (15) is arranged outside the second working cavity (7), the second water pump (15) is respectively communicated with the bottom and the top of the second working cavity (7) through a water pipe, and the water pipe is respectively provided with the second flowmeter (18) and the third flowmeter (17); the first water pump (16) and the second water pump (15) are both connected with a control unit (26), and the second flowmeter (18) and the third flowmeter (17) are both connected with a data acquisition unit (25).
7. Open isothermal compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that said third group of valves comprises a sixth solenoid valve (10) and a seventh solenoid valve (9), the sixth solenoid valve (10) being arranged on the first working chamber (8) and the seventh solenoid valve (9) being arranged on the second working chamber (7); the sixth electromagnetic valve (10) and the seventh electromagnetic valve (9) are both connected with a control unit (26).
8. The method of operating an open isothermal compressed air energy storage system based on hydraulic pumps and sprayers as claimed in claims 1-7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, energy storage work of the system: firstly, a control unit (26) is used for switching a motor/generator (1) into a motor working mode and switching a hydraulic pump/turbine (2) into a hydraulic pump working mode, the control unit (26) controls the on-off of a reversing valve (3), a first valve bank, a second valve bank and a third valve bank so as to switch the water flowing direction of the reversing valve (3) back and forth, so that the first working cavity (8) and the second working cavity (7) work by alternately compressing air, and the compressed air is stored in a high-pressure air storage tank (20) alternately;
s2, system energy release work: firstly, the control unit (26) is used for switching the motor/generator (1) into a generator power generation working mode, the hydraulic pump/turbine (2) is switched into a turbine working mode, the control unit (26) controls the on-off of the reversing valve (3), the first valve bank, the second valve bank and the third valve bank, so that the water flow direction of the reversing valve (3) is switched back and forth, the high-pressure air storage tank (20) alternately flows compressed air into the first working cavity (8) and the second working cavity (7), water flow in the first working cavity (8) and the second working cavity (7) alternately expands to do work, and continuous energy release is realized.
9. The method for operating an open isothermal compressed air energy storage system according to claim 8, wherein the step S1 is a step of storing energy, comprising the steps of:
y1, firstly, when the first working cavity (8) stores energy and works, the control unit (26) switches the motor/generator (1) to be in a motor working mode, and switches the hydraulic pump/turbine (2) to be in a hydraulic pump working mode, the motor is driven by wind power or photoelectricity, and the motor drives the hydraulic pump to work;
y2, the control unit (26) controls the reversing valve (3) to be not electrified, the control unit (26) controls the first electromagnetic valve (5), the second electromagnetic valve (6) and the seventh electromagnetic valve (9) to be opened, the control unit (26) controls the third electromagnetic valve (12), the fourth electromagnetic valve (11), the fifth electromagnetic valve (19) and the sixth electromagnetic valve (10) to be closed, and water in the second working cavity (7) flows into the first working cavity (8) through a pipeline to compress air in the first working cavity (8) under the driving of the hydraulic pump;
y3, when a pressure value of compressed air in the first working cavity (8) is detected to reach a set value through the second pressure sensor (27), the control unit (26) controls the third electromagnetic valve (12) and the fifth electromagnetic valve (19) to be opened, and the compressed air flows into the high-pressure air storage tank (20);
y4, when the step Y1 is implemented, the control unit (26) simultaneously controls a first water pump (16) in the spraying mechanism to be started, the first water pump (16) pumps water at the bottom in the first working cavity (8) to a first sprayer (14) through a water conveying pipe, and the first sprayer (14) is used for spraying the water into the first working cavity (8) in an atomized manner, so that the temperature of compressed air in the first working cavity (8) is kept stable, and isothermal compression is realized;
y5, when the step Y1 is implemented, the control unit (26) simultaneously controls the opening of the seventh electromagnetic valve (9), external ambient air enters the second working chamber (7) through the seventh electromagnetic valve (9), the second working chamber (7) realizes an air suction process to prepare for next compressed air, and the energy storage work of the first working chamber (8) is completed;
y6, then, starting energy storage work of the second working chamber (7), controlling a reversing valve (3) to be electrified by a control unit (26), switching the water flowing direction by the reversing valve (3), simultaneously controlling a first electromagnetic valve (5), a second electromagnetic valve (6) and a sixth electromagnetic valve (10) to be opened by the control unit (26), controlling a third electromagnetic valve (12), a fourth electromagnetic valve (11), a fifth electromagnetic valve (19) and a seventh electromagnetic valve (9) to be closed by the control unit (26), and compressing air in the second working chamber (7) by water in the first working chamber (8) flowing into the second working chamber (7) through a pipeline under the drive of a hydraulic pump;
y7, when a third pressure sensor (28) detects that the pressure value of the compressed air in the second working chamber (7) reaches a set value, a control unit (26) controls a fourth electromagnetic valve (11) and a fifth electromagnetic valve (19) to be opened, and the compressed air flows into a high-pressure air storage tank (20);
y8, when the step Y6 is implemented, the control unit (26) simultaneously controls a second water pump (15) in the spraying mechanism to be started, the second water pump (15) sends water at the bottom in the second working cavity (7) to a second sprayer (13) through a water conveying pipe, and the second sprayer (13) is used for spraying the water into the second working cavity (7) in an atomized manner, so that the temperature of compressed air in the second working cavity (7) is kept stable, and isothermal compression is realized;
y9, when the step Y6 is implemented, the control unit (26) simultaneously controls the opening of the sixth electromagnetic valve (10), external ambient air enters the first working cavity through the sixth electromagnetic valve (10), the first working cavity (8) realizes an air suction process to prepare for next compressed air, and the energy storage work of the second working cavity (7) is finished;
y10 and the control unit (26) switch the direction of the reversing valve (3) back and forth by controlling the on-off of the reversing valve (3), control the water flowing direction, and repeat the steps Y1-Y9, so that the first working cavity (8) and the second working cavity (7) alternately and continuously compress air, and the continuous energy storage of the system is realized.
10. The method for operating an open isothermal compressed air energy storage system based on hydraulic pump and atomizer according to claim 8, wherein said step S2 of releasing energy comprises the steps of:
n1, when the first working chamber (8) releases energy to work, the control unit (26) switches the motor/generator (1) to the generator generating working mode and switches the hydraulic pump/turbine (2) to the turbine working mode;
n2, the control unit (26) controls the reversing valve (3) to be not electrified, meanwhile, the control unit (26) controls the first electromagnetic valve (5), the second electromagnetic valve (6), the third electromagnetic valve (12), the fifth electromagnetic valve (19) and the seventh electromagnetic valve (9) to be opened, the fourth electromagnetic valve (11) and the sixth electromagnetic valve (10) are closed, compressed air in the high-pressure air storage tank (20) enters the first working cavity (8) to do work on water through expansion, water flows into the turbine through the second electromagnetic valve (6) and the reversing valve (3) to push the turbine to rotate at a high speed, then the water flows into the second working cavity (7) and discharges air in the second working cavity (7) through the seventh electromagnetic valve (9), the turbine drives the generator to generate electricity, and the electricity is merged into a power grid;
n3, when the step N1 is implemented, the control unit (26) simultaneously controls a first water pump (16) on the first working chamber (8) to be started, the first water pump (16) sends water at the bottom in the first working chamber (8) into a first sprayer (14) through a water conveying pipe, the first sprayer (14) sprays water into air in an atomized manner to provide heat required by the air expansion process, isothermal expansion is achieved, and energy release of the first working chamber (8) is completed;
n4, then the second working chamber (7) releases energy, the control unit (26) controls the reversing valve (3) to be electrified, the reversing valve (3) switches directions, meanwhile, the control unit (26) controls the first electromagnetic valve (5), the second electromagnetic valve (6), the fourth electromagnetic valve (11), the fifth electromagnetic valve (19) and the sixth electromagnetic valve (10) to be opened, the third electromagnetic valve (12) and the seventh electromagnetic valve (9) are closed, compressed air in the high-pressure air storage tank (20) enters the second working chamber (7) to do work on water expansion, water flows into a turbine through the first electromagnetic valve (5) and the reversing valve (3) to push the turbine to rotate at a high speed, then the water flows into the first working chamber (8) and discharges the air in the first working chamber (8) through the sixth electromagnetic valve (10), the turbine drives a generator to generate electricity, and the electricity is merged into a power grid;
n5, when the step N4 is implemented, the control unit (26) simultaneously controls a second water pump (15) on the second working chamber (7) to be started, the second water pump (15) sends water at the bottom in the second working chamber (7) into a second sprayer (13) through a water pipe, the second sprayer (13) sprays water into air in an atomized manner to provide heat required by the air expansion process, isothermal expansion is achieved, and energy release of the second working chamber (7) is completed;
n6, the control unit (26) switches the water flow direction by controlling the on-off of the reversing valve (3), the flow direction of the turbine is unchanged, and the steps N1-N5 are repeated, so that the first working cavity (8) and the second working cavity (7) are alternately and continuously expanded to apply work, and the continuous energy release of the system is realized.
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