CN112131687A - Method for searching most dangerous point of metal structure based on FKM fatigue evaluation criterion - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method for searching and finding the most dangerous point of a metal structure based on FKM fatigue evaluation criteria is characterized in that ABAQUS software is used for simulating and evaluating the stress of the metal structure in a metal rubber elastic element in a bearing process, a special searching program for the most dangerous point of the metal structure is formed in the ABAQUS software, the special searching program for the most dangerous point of the metal structure is used for calculating the stress amplitude of a critical area of the metal structure in the same direction under multiple fatigue working conditions, the maximum stress amplitude and the fatigue working condition corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude are obtained, the node corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude in a coordinate system is the most dangerous point of the metal structure, and the fatigue working condition corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude is the most dangerous fatigue working condition. The method and the device realize the fast search of the most dangerous point and the most dangerous working condition of the metal structure in the metal rubber elastic element under various fatigue working conditions, improve the efficiency of evaluating and searching the most dangerous point in the finite element analysis of the rubber metal element, and improve the reliability and the accuracy of fatigue analysis and evaluation of the metal rubber elastic element applied to rail transit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for searching and finding a most dangerous point of a metal structure based on an FKM fatigue evaluation criterion, which is applied to the field of fatigue analysis and evaluation of metal rubber elastic elements for rail transit.
Background
There are various ideas for evaluating the fatigue strength of the metal rubber system part, the FKM fatigue evaluation criterion is one of them, and the fatigue evaluation method based on the FKM criterion is increasingly applied to the evaluation of the metal rod part of the rail transit vehicle. The FKM criteria are considered to be the most widely used, most authoritative mechanical standard in europe. At present, special commercial software containing a database of European standard materials has huge content, but the parameters of the European standard materials are not completely suitable for domestic conditions and are expensive.
The main idea of the FKM fatigue evaluation criterion is that the structural member can be considered to reach the permanent fatigue life after running for 100 ten thousand times under the stress amplitude corresponding to the maximum fatigue working condition combination. The standard provides general evaluation flow and formula derivation of metal structures, but in the development and design of actual products, the evaluation of all nodes in the structures is unrealistic, so that the finding of the most dangerous working conditions and the most dangerous position points of the structural parts under the current fatigue load spectrum is meaningful work. This represents fatigue in the entire structure with 100 million estimates of the most dangerous points.
In fatigue analysis under various working conditions, FKM fatigue evaluation needs to extract the maximum fatigue working condition and the local stress of the most dangerous position from static strength calculation results under all fatigue working conditions as the input of fatigue evaluation, but at present, the most dangerous working condition and the corresponding most dangerous point under various working conditions have no direct way to search, and secondary development is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The method for searching the most dangerous point of the metal structure based on the FKM fatigue evaluation criterion realizes the rapid search of the most dangerous point and the most dangerous working condition of the metal structure in the metal rubber elastic element under various fatigue working conditions, improves the efficiency of evaluating and searching the most dangerous point in the finite element analysis of the rubber metal element, and improves the reliability and the accuracy of fatigue analysis and evaluation of the metal rubber elastic element applied to rail transit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for searching the most dangerous point of a metal structure based on FKM fatigue evaluation criteria is used for simulating and evaluating the stress of the metal structure in a metal rubber elastic element in a bearing process by ABAQUS software, and is characterized in that: a special searching program for the most dangerous point of the metal structure is formed in ABAQUS software, the special searching program for the most dangerous point of the metal structure is used for calculating the stress amplitude of the critical area of the metal structure in the same direction under multiple fatigue working conditions to obtain the maximum stress amplitude and the fatigue working condition corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude, the node corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude in a coordinate system is the most dangerous point of the metal structure, and the fatigue working condition corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude is the most dangerous fatigue working condition.
Preferably, the ABAQUS software is secondarily developed by using a Python program to form a special searching program for the most dangerous points of the metal structure.
Preferably, "calculating the stress amplitude in the same direction under multiple fatigue conditions on the stress in the critical region of the metal structure to obtain the maximum stress amplitude and the fatigue condition corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude" specifically means:
firstly, sequentially extracting all fatigue working conditions of stress of a key region of a metal structure, sequencing and naming each fatigue working condition, and analyzing stress fields of each fatigue working condition;
then, arranging and combining all fatigue working conditions in pairs to obtain various fatigue working condition combinations, and extracting the stress amplitude of the stress of the key area of the metal structure under each fatigue working condition combination;
and then, calculating and screening all the stress amplitudes to obtain the maximum stress amplitude and the fatigue working condition combination corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude.
Preferably, the "stress field analysis is performed on each fatigue condition" specifically means that:
the first step is as follows: firstly, stress fields corresponding to all fatigue working conditions are provided;
the second step is that: extracting stress fields of the critical areas of the metal structure under each fatigue working condition according to the stress fields corresponding to each fatigue working condition;
preferably, the "stress amplitude of the stress of the critical region of the extracted metal structure at each fatigue condition combination" means that the stress of the critical region of the extracted metal structure is one half of the range of the alternating stress generated in the fatigue test of each fatigue condition combination.
Preferably, "calculating and screening all the stress amplitudes" specifically means that the stress amplitudes of the obtained stress in the critical region of the metal structure under each fatigue condition combination are calculated by using an Envelope function in a Python program, and the maximum stress amplitude is screened out.
Preferably, the "node corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude in the coordinate system" means that a function corresponding to the obtained maximum stress amplitude is written into an odb file of the ABAQUS software, an amplitude cloud graph formed by integrating discrete points of each coordinate in the stress of the key area of the metal structure is obtained through the ABAQUS software post-processing, and the maximum amplitude node in the output amplitude cloud graph is the node corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude in the coordinate system.
In the invention, ABAQUS software is used for simulating and evaluating the stress of a metal structure in a metal rubber elastic element in a bearing process, namely the stress of a key area of the metal structure is dispersed into a plurality of dangerous points, each dangerous point corresponds to different coordinates, a special searching program for the most dangerous point of the metal structure is formed in the ABAQUS software, the most dangerous point of the metal structure and the corresponding most dangerous fatigue working condition are found by the special searching program for the most dangerous point of the metal structure, the most dangerous point and the most dangerous working condition of the metal structure in the metal rubber elastic element under the plurality of fatigue working conditions are quickly searched, the evaluation searching efficiency of the most dangerous point in finite element analysis of the rubber metal element is improved, after the searching is finished, only the peak-valley value stress of the most dangerous point under the most dangerous fatigue working condition is extracted as an input value of fatigue evaluation to carry out FKM fatigue evaluation, namely the integral fatigue condition of the metal rubber part containing the metal, the reliability and the accuracy of fatigue analysis and evaluation applied to the metal rubber elastic element for the rail transit are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a screenshot of software running for ranking and naming 8 fatigue conditions.
Fig. 2 is a software operation screenshot for extracting stress fields corresponding to 8 fatigue conditions respectively.
FIG. 3 is a screenshot of software operation for extracting stress fields of stresses in critical regions of a metal structure under various fatigue conditions.
FIG. 4 is a software run screenshot of stress amplitudes for 28 combinations of fatigue conditions.
FIG. 5 is a screenshot of the software run to screen the stress amplitude of the most dangerous point of the metal structure.
Fig. 6 is a software running screenshot in which the function corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude is written into the odb file of the ABAQUS software and then the maximum amplitude node is output and the fatigue condition corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude is the most dangerous fatigue condition.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 6.
A method for searching the most dangerous point of a metal structure based on FKM fatigue evaluation criteria is used for simulating and evaluating the stress of the metal structure in a metal rubber elastic element in a bearing process by ABAQUS software, and is characterized in that: a special searching program for the most dangerous point of the metal structure is formed in ABAQUS software, the special searching program for the most dangerous point of the metal structure is used for calculating the stress amplitude of the critical area of the metal structure in the same direction under multiple fatigue working conditions to obtain the maximum stress amplitude and the fatigue working condition corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude, the node corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude in a coordinate system is the most dangerous point of the metal structure, and the fatigue working condition corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude is the most dangerous fatigue working condition.
And carrying out secondary development on the ABAQUS software by using a Python program to form a special searching program for the most dangerous points of the metal structure.
The "calculating the stress amplitude in the same direction under the multiple fatigue working conditions on the stress in the critical area of the metal structure to obtain the maximum stress amplitude and the fatigue working condition corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude" specifically means:
firstly, sequentially extracting all fatigue working conditions of stress of a key region of a metal structure, sequencing and naming each fatigue working condition, and analyzing stress fields of each fatigue working condition;
then, arranging and combining all fatigue working conditions in pairs to obtain various fatigue working condition combinations, and extracting the stress amplitude of the stress of the key area of the metal structure under each fatigue working condition combination;
and then, calculating and screening all the stress amplitudes to obtain the maximum stress amplitude and the fatigue working condition combination corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude.
Wherein, the "analysis of stress field under each fatigue condition" specifically means:
the first step is as follows: firstly, stress fields corresponding to all fatigue working conditions are provided;
the second step is that: extracting stress fields of the critical areas of the metal structure under each fatigue working condition according to the stress fields corresponding to each fatigue working condition;
the "stress amplitude of the stress of the extracted metal structure key region under each fatigue working condition combination" refers to one half of an alternating stress range of the stress of the extracted metal structure key region generated in a fatigue test of each fatigue working condition combination.
The step of calculating and screening all the stress amplitudes specifically means that the stress amplitudes of the obtained critical region of the metal structure under each fatigue condition combination are calculated by using an Envelope function in a Python program, and the maximum stress amplitude is screened out.
The node corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude in the coordinate system refers to writing a function corresponding to the obtained maximum stress amplitude into an odb file of ABAQUS software, performing post-processing by the ABAQUS software to obtain an amplitude cloud graph formed by integrating discrete points of each coordinate in the stress of a key area of the metal structure, and outputting the maximum amplitude node in the amplitude cloud graph, namely the node corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude in the coordinate system.
In the following, for example, a metal rubber elastic element with 8 fatigue conditions is taken as an example, and the metal structure most dangerous point searching method based on the FKM fatigue evaluation criterion is used to search when the metal structure in the metal rubber elastic element is most dangerous:
firstly, simulating and evaluating the stress of a metal structure in a metal rubber elastic element in a bearing process by ABAQUS software;
the second step is that: the ABAQUS software sequentially extracts 8 fatigue working conditions of stress of a key area of a metal structure, and sequences and names the fatigue working conditions, as shown in figure 1;
the third step: extracting stress fields corresponding to the 8 fatigue working conditions respectively, as shown in figure 2;
the fourth step: extracting stress fields of the critical regions of the metal structure under each fatigue working condition according to the stress fields corresponding to each fatigue working condition, as shown in fig. 3;
the fifth step: arranging and combining 8 fatigue working conditions pairwise to obtain 28 fatigue working condition combinations;
and a sixth step: extracting one half of the alternating stress range of the stress of the key area of the metal structure in the fatigue test of each fatigue working condition combination, as shown in FIG. 4;
the seventh step: calculating the stress amplitude of the obtained stress of the key region of the metal structure under each fatigue working condition combination by using an Envelope function in a Python program, and screening out the maximum stress amplitude, as shown in FIG. 5; obtaining the fatigue working condition combination corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude;
eighth step: writing the obtained function corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude into an odb file of the ABAQUS software, performing post-processing by the ABAQUS software to obtain an amplitude cloud graph formed by integrating discrete points of each coordinate in the stress of a key area of the metal structure, and outputting a maximum amplitude node in the amplitude cloud graph, namely a node corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude in a coordinate system and a fatigue working condition corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude as a most dangerous fatigue working condition, as shown in FIG. 6.
In the method for searching and finding the most dangerous point of the metal structure based on the FKM fatigue evaluation criterion, ABAQUS software is used for simulating and evaluating the stress of the metal structure in the metal rubber elastic element in the bearing process, namely the stress of a key area of the metal structure is dispersed into a plurality of dangerous points, each dangerous point corresponds to different coordinates, a special searching program for the most dangerous point of the metal structure is formed in the ABAQUS software, the most dangerous point of the metal structure and the corresponding most dangerous fatigue working condition are found by the special searching program for the most dangerous point of the metal structure, the most dangerous point and the most dangerous working condition of the metal structure in the metal rubber elastic element under the plurality of fatigue working conditions are quickly searched, the evaluation and finding efficiency of the most dangerous point in the finite element analysis of the rubber metal element is improved, and after the searching is finished, only the peak-to-valley stress of the most dangerous point under the most dangerous fatigue working condition needs to be extracted as the input value, the fatigue analysis method can represent the overall fatigue condition of the metal rubber part comprising the metal structure, and improve the reliability and accuracy of the fatigue analysis evaluation applied to the metal rubber elastic element for rail transit.
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are fully described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for searching the most dangerous point of a metal structure based on FKM fatigue evaluation criteria is used for simulating and evaluating the stress of the metal structure in a metal rubber elastic element in a bearing process by ABAQUS software, and is characterized in that: a special searching program for the most dangerous point of the metal structure is formed in ABAQUS software, the special searching program for the most dangerous point of the metal structure is used for calculating the stress amplitude of the critical area of the metal structure in the same direction under multiple fatigue working conditions to obtain the maximum stress amplitude and the fatigue working condition corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude, the node corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude in a coordinate system is the most dangerous point of the metal structure, and the fatigue working condition corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude is the most dangerous fatigue working condition.
2. The method for searching the most dangerous point of the metal structure based on the FKM fatigue evaluation criterion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and carrying out secondary development on the ABAQUS software by using a Python program to form a special searching program for the most dangerous points of the metal structure.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the calculation of the stress amplitude in the same direction under the multi-fatigue working condition on the stress of the key area of the metal structure to obtain the maximum stress amplitude and the fatigue working condition corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude specifically means that:
firstly, sequentially extracting all fatigue working conditions of stress of a key region of a metal structure, sequencing and naming each fatigue working condition, and analyzing stress fields of each fatigue working condition;
then, arranging and combining all fatigue working conditions in pairs to obtain various fatigue working condition combinations, and extracting the stress amplitude of the stress of the key area of the metal structure under each fatigue working condition combination;
and then, calculating and screening all the stress amplitudes to obtain the maximum stress amplitude and the fatigue working condition combination corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the 'analysis of stress fields under various fatigue working conditions' specifically means that:
the first step is as follows: firstly, stress fields corresponding to all fatigue working conditions are provided;
the second step is that: and extracting stress fields of the critical areas of the metal structure under each fatigue working condition according to the stress fields corresponding to each fatigue working condition.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the stress amplitude of the stress of the key region of the extracted metal structure under each fatigue working condition combination is one half of the alternating stress range of the stress of the key region of the extracted metal structure generated in the fatigue test of each fatigue working condition combination.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step of calculating and screening all the stress amplitudes specifically means that the stress amplitudes of the obtained critical region of the metal structure under each fatigue working condition combination are calculated by using an Envelope function in a Python program, and the maximum stress amplitude is screened out.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the node corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude in the coordinate system refers to writing a function corresponding to the obtained maximum stress amplitude into an odb file of ABAQUS software, performing post-processing by the ABAQUS software to obtain an amplitude cloud graph formed by integrating discrete points of each coordinate in the stress of a key area of the metal structure, and outputting the maximum amplitude node in the amplitude cloud graph, namely the node corresponding to the maximum stress amplitude in the coordinate system.
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