CN108343599B - A kind of water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis method based on more granularities cascade forest - Google Patents

A kind of water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis method based on more granularities cascade forest Download PDF

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CN108343599B
CN108343599B CN201810023728.4A CN201810023728A CN108343599B CN 108343599 B CN108343599 B CN 108343599B CN 201810023728 A CN201810023728 A CN 201810023728A CN 108343599 B CN108343599 B CN 108343599B
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water pump
pump assembly
forest
sample
feature
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CN108343599A (en
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雷晓辉
杨迁
田雨
郑艳侠
闻昕
冯珺
王超
安学利
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B51/00Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis methods based on more granularities cascade forest, are related to mechanical fault diagnosis and Artificial smart field.The described method includes: acquire water pump assembly to be measured it is in running order when working state signal, using working state signal as sample to be tested;The sample to be tested is input in more granularity cascade forest diagnostic models, Feature Conversion is carried out and feature diagnoses step by step, obtain the corresponding working condition label of the sample to be tested, the working condition for surveying water pump assembly is obtained according to the working condition label.Water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis method of the present invention based on more granularities cascade forest improves the accuracy and validity of water pump assembly intelligent trouble diagnosis, a kind of new effective way is provided to solve the troubleshooting issue of water pump assembly, can be widely applied in the complication system of each key areas such as electric power, machinery, metallurgy, chemical industry.

Description

A kind of water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis method based on more granularities cascade forest
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical fault diagnosis and Artificial smart field, art more particularly to one kind are based on more particle size fractions Join the water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis method of forest.
Background technique
Water pump assembly is delivery equipment important in project of South-to-North water diversion as one of component most important in pumping plant, Operating status has vital influence to the operation conditions of entire pumping plant.However water pump assembly is in heavy load, thump, height Inevitably various failures under the bad working environments such as revolving speed, overall background noise, if fault type cannot be accurately identified And take corresponding means, then it will affect the safe operation of pumping plant, cause national economy loss and personal safety.
Because fault characteristic information is present among vibration signal, therefore, it is water pump assembly state prison to analysis of vibration signal Common method in survey.Conventional fault diagnosis method utilizes the feature that after signal processing technology manual extraction feature, will be extracted As input, it is brought into the sorting algorithm of machine learning, which needs professional domain knowledge abundant, And only for some specific problem, do not have universality.During the diagnosis of the physical fault of water pump assembly, diagnostic result Depending on the quality of extracted feature, if extracted feature is of poor quality, the detection efficiency of traditional diagnosis method is used Low and False Rate is high.
In recent years, as deep learning is in every field such as speech recognition, the development of Activity recognition etc. is based on deep learning Theoretical intelligent Fault Diagnosis Technique has very big breakthrough, but existing intelligent Fault Diagnosis Technique is based on deep neural network Diagnostic model adjusts ginseng sufficiently complex, and theory analysis is difficult, and in the case where fault sample data very little, classification accuracy It is low.Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of diagnostic models being different from based on deep neural network, carry out feature learning and classification end to end.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of based on more granularities cascade forest water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis method, To solve the problems, such as that the detection efficiency of conventional rolling bearing diagnostic method is low and False Rate is high.
To achieve the goals above, the water pump assembly intelligent trouble diagnosis side of the present invention based on more granularities cascade forest Method, which comprises
S1, acquire water pump assembly to be measured it is in running order when working state signal, using working state signal as to Test sample;
The sample to be tested is input in more granularities cascade forest diagnostic models by S2, carries out Feature Conversion and step by step Feature diagnosis, obtains the corresponding working condition label of the sample to be tested, obtains the survey according to the working condition label The working condition of water pump assembly;
It include establishing more granularity cascade forest diagnostic models before S1, specifically:
S01 obtains water pump assembly and is in the working state signal for working normally operating condition and various faults status condition, establishes There is the sample data set of working condition label;The working condition label includes fault type label and normal operating conditions mark Label;
S02, the sample signal that the sample data is concentrated realize Feature Conversion through excessive granularity scan phase, using Cascade forest structure carries out training step by step for supervision, obtains more granularity cascade forest diagnostic models.
Preferably, S01, specifically:
S11, if water pump assembly, which is respectively at, works normally operating condition and various faults status condition;Pass through acceleration transducer Acquisition water pump assembly is in the vibration acceleration signal under every kind of operating condition respectively;
S12 obtains working condition type corresponding to each vibration acceleration signal, and in statistical work Status Type Fault type;
S13, adds corresponding working condition label on each vibration acceleration signal, and completion has working condition mark The foundation of the sample data set of label.
Preferably, in S02, the sample signal that the sample data is concentrated realizes that feature turns through excessive granularity scan phase It changes, specifically:
A1 generates the training example that sample data concentrates any one sample
Using the vibration letter of any one multidimensional characteristic in the different size of sliding characteristics window scanned samples data set of m kind Number, generate the training sample of respective dimensions;If the vibration signal of multidimensional characteristic is [Y1,Y2] dimensional feature vibration signal;
It is with sizeTwo-dimentional sliding window for, sliding step is denoted asThen window scanning is appointed Anticipate [a Y1,Y2] dimensional feature vibration signal, generating should [Y1,Y2] dimensional feature vibration signal training example number nwAre as follows:
A2 constructs two kinds of Random Forest models
Depth random forest includes standard random forest and completely random forest, and the decision tree inside standard random forest is logical The mode that Gini criterion and random character extract is crossed to be constructed, completely random forest using all features and by Gini criterion into Row building;
In more granularity scan phases, the output that the training example of generation is obtained by two kinds of random forests is swept as more granularities The feature extraction in stage is retouched as a result, being denoted as more granularity scanning feature extracted vectors;
In the cascade sort stage, more granularity scanning feature extracted vectors substitute into the mould of each layer depth random forest as input Type, the classification results of every layer model are merged with more granularity scanning feature extracted vectors, as next layer depth Random Forest model Input continue to calculate, until convergence criterion meets condition, i.e. cross validation rate no longer increases, into A3;
A3, final result output
Model result in the last layer cascade forest is exported, the probability value meter of each failure modes is carried out using ballot method It calculates, takes maximum probability as the classification results of final fault diagnosis.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Compared with existing fault diagnosis technology, the water pump assembly intelligence event of the present invention based on more granularities cascade forest Hinder accuracy and validity that diagnostic method improves water pump assembly intelligent trouble diagnosis, is asked to solve the fault diagnosis of water pump assembly Topic provides a kind of new effective way, can be widely applied to the complication system of each key areas such as electric power, machinery, metallurgy, chemical industry In the middle.Specifically:
1, the water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis method of the present invention based on more granularities cascade forest utilizes more particle size fractions Connection forest algorithm directly adaptively learns fault signature from original vibration acceleration signal, excavates and is hidden in vibration acceleration The characteristic information in signal is spent, and realizes failure modes and identification automatically.This method is got rid of in conventional fault diagnosis method to letter Number processing knowledge and diagnostician's experience dependence, save a large amount of labour cost and time.
2, the water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis method of the present invention based on more granularities cascade forest is used based on random The diagnostic model of forest is different from traditional depth model based on artificial neural network, avoids deep neural network and be applied to Complicated theory analysis, cumbersome tune in fault diagnosis field join process, and to the defect of the low classification accuracy of small sample, And the method for the invention energy adaptive determining trains the number of plies, insensitive to Parameters variation, can obtain parameter constant Very high accuracy rate of diagnosis.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the block diagram that the water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis method of forest is cascaded based on more granularities;
Fig. 2 is the detailed process schematic diagram that the water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis method of forest is cascaded based on more granularities;
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram for realizing Feature Conversion;
Fig. 4 is that each Feature Conversion signal carries out the flow diagram trained step by step for having supervision by cascade forest structure.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing, to the present invention into Row is further described.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, it is not used to Limit the present invention.
Bearing is one of critical component of water pump assembly, with reference to the accompanying drawing, the bearing event provided with Xi Chu university, the U.S. Barrier data instance illustrates a specific embodiment of the invention.
The basic of water pump assembly data center, Xi Chu university testing stand is laid out by one 2 horsepowers of three phase induction motor, One acceleration transducer and a power meter composition.The data of collection come from a motor-driven mechanical system, sampling frequency Rate is every channel 48kHz.Under three kinds of different operating conditions, Single Point of Faliure data set is obtained by experimental system, three kinds of operating conditions are respectively as follows: (1) band outer ring failure;(2) band inner ring failure;(3) band rolling element failure.The flaw size (diameter, depth) of three kinds of failures point It Wei not be 0.007,0.014 or 0.021 inch.
1, the sample data under 9 kinds of different faults operating conditions of collection, i.e. outer ring failure, inner ring failure, rolling element failure, every kind It respectively corresponds 0.007,0.014 or 0.021 inch of failure depth, adds fault type label, 0~8, establish training sample Collection.
2, more granularity cascade forest models are established, which is broadly divided into two parts, and training sample is scanned through excessive granularity Stage realizes Feature Conversion, carries out training step by step for supervision using cascade forest structure.Final prediction result passes through poly- Collect the class vector of four respective dimensions of afterbody, and is maximized as final classification result.
More granularity cascade forest models are specific, and specific step is as follows:
More granularity scan phases:
Using 3 kinds of different size of sliding windows, respectively 250,500,1000 dimensions go to scan original 4096 dimensional feature Vibration signal generates the training example of respective dimensions.
A training one random forest and completely random tree forest is removed with these training examples, each random forest and complete It include respectively 500 decision trees in full random tree forest, for each example, each tree can generate the estimated value of class distribution, These estimated values form a class vector.Wherein, random forest passes through the random selection best Geordie coefficient value of 64 feature selectings A feature divided, the number of the tree in each forest is a hyper parameter.Completely random tree forest be then by with Machine selects a feature in the enterprising line splitting of each node of tree, until each leaf node only includes same class example.In order to subtract The risk of few over-fitting, the class vector that each forest generates are generated by 3 folding cross validations.
The class vector that the same window generates respectively after two kinds of random forests is connected, as the feature after conversion Vector.
Cascade the forest stage:
With step B1-B4, by the feature vector sample after above-mentioned transformation be brought into two random forests and two completely with Machine tree forest generates the class vector of respective dimensions.The class vector of generation and the converting characteristic vector of upper level link together, and make The input of forest is cascaded for next stage.
The process of above-mentioned feature learning step by step is repeated, until verifying collection convergence.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal disclosed by the invention, following beneficial effect has been obtained: of the present invention to be based on The water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis method of more granularity cascade forests, using more granularities cascade forest method directly from original vibration In acceleration signal carry out layer and layer feature learning and failure modes, avoid manual designs and extract feature limitation and Complicated tune ginseng process based on artificial neural network, so that the intelligent diagnostics of rolling bearing fault are realized, to improve rolling bearing The accuracy and validity of fault diagnosis.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered Depending on protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis method based on more granularities cascade forest, which is characterized in that the method packet It includes:
S1, acquire water pump assembly to be measured it is in running order when working state signal, using working state signal as to be tested Sample;
The sample to be tested is input in more granularity cascade forest diagnostic models, carries out Feature Conversion and step by step feature by S2 Diagnosis, obtains the corresponding working condition label of the sample to be tested, obtains the survey water pump according to the working condition label The working condition of unit;
It include establishing more granularity cascade forest diagnostic models before S1, specifically:
S01 obtains water pump assembly and is in the working state signal for working normally operating condition and various faults status condition, and foundation has work Make the sample data set of state tag;The working condition label includes fault type label and normal operating conditions label;
S02, the sample signal that the sample data is concentrated realizes Feature Conversion through excessive granularity scan phase, using cascade Forest structure carries out training step by step for supervision, obtains more granularity cascade forest diagnostic models;
S01, specifically:
S11, if water pump assembly, which is respectively at, works normally operating condition and various faults status condition;Distinguished by acceleration transducer Acquire the vibration acceleration signal that water pump assembly is under every kind of operating condition;
S12 obtains working condition type corresponding to each vibration acceleration signal, and the failure in statistical work Status Type Type;
S13, adds corresponding working condition label on each vibration acceleration signal, and completion has working condition label The foundation of sample data set;
In S02, the sample signal that the sample data is concentrated realizes Feature Conversion through excessive granularity scan phase, specifically:
A1 generates the training example that sample data concentrates any one sample
Using the vibration signal of any one multidimensional characteristic in the different size of sliding characteristics window scanned samples data set of m kind, Generate the training sample of respective dimensions;If the vibration signal of multidimensional characteristic is [Y1, Y2] dimensional feature vibration signal;
It is with sizeTwo-dimentional sliding window for, sliding step is denoted asThen window scanning is any one A [Y1, Y2] dimensional feature vibration signal, generating should [Y1, Y2] dimensional feature vibration signal training example number nwAre as follows:
A2 constructs two kinds of Random Forest models
Depth random forest includes standard random forest and completely random forest, and the decision tree inside standard random forest passes through The mode that Gini criterion and random character extract is constructed, and completely random forest is carried out using all features and by Gini criterion Building;
Rank is scanned as more granularities by the output that two kinds of random forests obtain in the training example of more granularity scan phases, generation The feature extraction of section is as a result, be denoted as more granularity scanning feature extracted vectors;
In the cascade sort stage, more granularity scanning feature extracted vectors substitute into the model of each layer depth random forest as input, The classification results of every layer model are merged with more granularity scanning feature extracted vectors, as next layer depth Random Forest model Input continues to calculate, and until convergence criterion meets condition, i.e. cross validation rate no longer increases, into A3;
A3, final result output
Model result in the last layer cascade forest is exported, is calculated, is taken using the probability value that ballot method carries out each failure modes Classification results of the maximum probability as final fault diagnosis.
CN201810023728.4A 2018-01-10 2018-01-10 A kind of water pump assembly intelligent failure diagnosis method based on more granularities cascade forest Expired - Fee Related CN108343599B (en)

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CN109102032A (en) * 2018-09-03 2018-12-28 中国水利水电科学研究院 A kind of pumping plant unit diagnostic method based on depth forest and oneself coding
CN109297689B (en) * 2018-09-11 2020-11-06 中国水利水电科学研究院 Large-scale hydraulic machinery intelligent diagnosis method introducing weight factors
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CN110375987B (en) * 2019-06-24 2021-10-22 昆明理工大学 Mechanical bearing fault detection method based on deep forest
CN111412948A (en) * 2020-03-31 2020-07-14 南京云思顿环保科技有限公司 Kitchen waste equipment fault diagnosis method based on deep forest
CN111582362A (en) * 2020-05-06 2020-08-25 河海大学常州校区 Farmland water pump fault diagnosis method and device based on random forest algorithm
CN111476383B (en) * 2020-05-08 2023-06-02 中国水利水电科学研究院 Dynamic decision method for state maintenance of pump station unit
CN111722046B (en) * 2020-07-01 2021-05-18 昆明理工大学 Transformer fault diagnosis method based on deep forest model
CN112116058B (en) * 2020-09-16 2022-05-31 昆明理工大学 Transformer fault diagnosis method for optimizing multi-granularity cascade forest model based on particle swarm algorithm
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CN115062553B (en) * 2022-08-17 2022-11-25 浪潮通用软件有限公司 Water pump working condition degradation detection method, equipment and medium based on multi-model fusion

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