CN112130474B - Separated self-powered circuit and method - Google Patents
Separated self-powered circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112130474B CN112130474B CN202010991290.6A CN202010991290A CN112130474B CN 112130474 B CN112130474 B CN 112130474B CN 202010991290 A CN202010991290 A CN 202010991290A CN 112130474 B CN112130474 B CN 112130474B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
Abstract
The invention relates to a separated self-powered circuit and a method, belonging to the technical field of aerospace power supplies. Comprises resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5; triode Q1, relay K2, electric capacity C1, pmos pipe Q2. When the relay K2 is enabled to allow, the contact signals b1 and b2 are connected, when the travel switch is pressed tightly, the base electrode and the emitting electrode of the triode Q1 are in short circuit, the Q1 is in a cut-off state, and then the grid electrode and the source electrode of the Q2 are in equal potential, so that the Q2 is cut off; when the travel switch is disconnected, the base electrode of the triode is provided with base current through the R4 by the positive voltage line of the storage battery, the triode is conducted, voltage difference between the source electrode of the Q2 and the grid electrode is formed according to the divider resistors of the resistors R1 and R2, then the Pmos tube Q2 is conducted, and when the travel switch is disconnected, the power is automatically supplied. When the relay K2 is enabled and disabled, the contact signals b1 and b3 are connected, the grid electrode and the source electrode of the Pmos tube Q2 are always at the same potential, the Q2 is not affected by the travel switch K1, and the enabling and disabling control functions are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace power supplies, and particularly relates to a separated autonomous power-up circuit and a separated autonomous power-up method.
Background
Aiming at the problem that the spacecraft needs to put the storage battery pack for a long time, the service life and the reliability of the storage battery pack are ensured, and the self-discharge current caused by an external circuit needs to be reduced. In addition, with the rapid development of commercial aerospace, commercial satellites are generally in a transmitting state after being mounted with satellites, and at the moment, the self-discharge current of a storage battery pack needs to be designed to be minimized. After the satellite is installed on a rocket, the storage battery pack can be placed for a long time under various abnormal conditions.
For example, CN108375919A discloses a satellite autonomous power supply control circuit based on satellite and arrow separation. The key point is that in the rocket launching process, the satellite placed in the fairing is not powered, the discharge capacity of the storage battery pack in the launching process is reduced, and the capacity of the storage battery pack is further ensured when the satellite and the rocket are separated. However, after the satellite is installed in the rocket, the rocket is delayed to launch for months due to abnormal reasons, the storage battery pack is self-discharged due to the separated autonomous power supply circuit, according to practical engineering application, the leakage current caused by the autonomous control circuit, particularly a voltage-dividing resistor, is 200uA, when the satellite-rocket-installed satellite is in a state to be launched and is placed for more than 3 months, the self-discharge electric quantity of the storage battery pack reaches as much as 0.86Ah, the discharge depth reaches 8.6% when the storage battery pack with the capacity of 10Ah is adopted for a plurality of commercial satellites, and therefore supplementary charging needs to be carried out on the ground before launching. The satellite with the integrated satellite and rocket design performs ground supplementary charging on the satellite with the satellite, the operation process is complex, satellite dismantling processing is needed, a plurality of unreliable factors are brought to the rocket with the satellite and the satellite, the satellite launching loss is easily caused, and the satellite with the satellite and rocket integrated design is particularly suitable for rockets with one rocket and a plurality of satellites.
In addition, for a 12V satellite without adjusting a bus system, the satellite autonomous power supply control circuit based on satellite and arrow separation disclosed in CN108375919A cannot be well applied. The resistor R3 used by the device cannot be too large, otherwise the Pmos tube Q1 cannot be normally conducted; when the resistance R3 is too small, the self-discharge current of the storage battery pack is easier to increase, the possibility that the storage battery pack needs to be replenished before satellite transmission is increased, and the satellite transmission time and the satellite use reliability are further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to reduce the self-discharge current of the existing autonomous power supply control circuit and improve the reliability of the autonomous power supply control circuit, the invention provides a novel separated autonomous power-up circuit and a method.
Technical scheme
The input end of the separation self-powered circuit is connected with two ends of a travel switch K1, and when the K1 is pressed, a contact A1 is in short circuit with a contact A2; when K1 is disconnected, the contacts A1 and A2 are disconnected; the circuit is characterized by comprising resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5, a triode Q1, a relay K2, a capacitor C1 and a Pmos tube Q2; the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with a contact signal b2 of the relay K2, the base of the triode is connected with one ends of the resistors R4 and R5, the emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the other end of the R5, the other end of the R5 is connected with the negative end of the storage battery pack, and the contacts A1 and A2 of the travel switch K1 are respectively connected with the base and the emitter of the triode Q1; the grid electrode of the Pmos tube Q2 is connected with one end of the R2, and the source electrode of the Pmos tube Q2 is connected with the positive end of the storage battery pack; one end of the R3 is connected with a contact signal b1 of the relay K2, the other end of the R3 is connected with one end of the R1 and the other end of the R2, the other end of the R1 and the other end of the R4 are connected with the positive end of the storage battery pack, and the C1 is connected with the R1 in parallel.
The resistance value of the resistor R4 is between 1 and 10 megaohms.
The Pmos tube Q2 is a low leakage current device IRF5M5210.
The model of the triode Q1 is 2N2222AUB.
A power-up method of a separate autonomous power-up circuit, comprising: when the relay K2 is enabled and allowed, the contact signals b1 and b2 are connected, when the travel switch is pressed, the base electrode of the triode Q1 is in short circuit with the emitting electrode, the triode Q1 is in a cut-off state, and further the grid electrode and the source electrode of the Pmos tube Q2 are in equal potential, so that the Pmos tube Q2 is cut off; when the travel switch is disconnected, the base electrode of the triode Q1 provides base electrode current through a positive voltage line of the storage battery pack and the R4, the triode Q1 is conducted, voltage difference between the source electrode and the grid electrode of the Pmos tube Q2 is formed according to the divider resistors of the resistors R1 and R2, then the Pmos tube Q2 is conducted, and when the travel switch is disconnected, power is automatically supplied; when the relay K2 is enabled and disabled, the contact signals b1 and b3 are connected, the grid electrode and the source electrode of the Pmos tube Q2 are always at the equal potential, and the Pmos tube Q2 is not influenced by the travel switch K1, so that the enabling and disabling control functions are realized; due to the amplification effect of the triode Q1, when the Pmos tube Q2 is driven, the difference between the base current flowing through the triode Q1 and the collector current of the triode Q1 is 1-2 orders of magnitude, so that the functions of enabling permission by separated power-up and limited influence on self-discharge due to long-term storage of the storage battery when the travel switch K1 is pressed are realized.
Advantageous effects
According to the circuit and the method for separating the self-powered electricity, the relay K2 and the triode Q1 are added, due to the amplification effect of the triode Q1, when the Pmos tube Q2 is driven, the difference between the base current and the collector current flowing through the triode Q1 is 1-2 orders of magnitude, so that the functions that the separation power-on is allowed, and when the travel switch K1 is pressed, the storage battery is placed for a long time, and the influence on self-discharge is limited can be realized. Compared with the autonomous power supply control circuit in the prior art, the self-discharge current is at least one order of magnitude smaller, and the reliability is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a basic schematic diagram of a satellite autonomous power supply control circuit based on satellite-arrow separation, which is published in CN 108375919A.
Fig. 2 is a basic schematic diagram of the novel separate autonomous power-up circuit and implementation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the following examples, and the accompanying drawings:
the novel separated self-powered circuit provided by the invention has the advantages that the circuit structure comprises the triode, the resistor, the Pmos tube, the relay, the travel switch and the like, the electric fitting process flow is simple, the device types are all conventional components, and the engineering implementation is easy.
As shown in fig. 2, the input end of the novel separation autonomous power-on circuit is connected with two ends of a travel switch K1, and when the travel switch K1 is pressed, a contact A1 is in short circuit with a contact A2; when K1 is open, contacts A1 and A2 are open. Comprises resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5; triode Q1, relay K2, electric capacity C1, pmos pipe Q2. When the relay K2 is enabled and allowed, the contact signals b1 and b2 are connected, when the travel switch K1 is pressed, the base electrode of the triode Q1 is in short circuit with the emitting electrode, the triode Q1 is in a cut-off state, and further the grid electrode and the source electrode of the Pmos tube Q2 are in equal potential, so that the Pmos tube Q2 is cut off; when travel switch K1 cuts off, triode Q1 base provides the base current through R4 by storage battery voltage positive line, and triode Q1 switches on, according to resistance R1 and R2's divider resistance, forms the voltage difference of Pmos pipe Q2 source and grid, and then Pmos pipe Q2 switches on, when accomplishing travel switch disconnection, independently adds the electricity. When the relay K2 is enabled and disabled, the contact signals b1 and b3 are connected, the grid electrode and the source electrode of the Pmos tube Q2 are always at the same potential, and the Pmos tube Q2 is not influenced by the travel switch K1, so that the enabling and disabling control functions are realized. Due to the amplification effect of the triode Q1, when the Pmos tube Q2 is driven, the difference between the base current and the collector current flowing through the triode Q1 is 1-2 orders of magnitude, so that the functions of enabling permission by separated power-on and limiting influence on self-discharge due to long-term storage of the storage battery when the travel switch K1 is pressed are realized.
The collector of the triode Q1 is connected with a contact signal b2 of the relay K2; the base electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the resistor R4 and the resistor R5, and the resistance value of the resistor R4 is between 1 and 10 megaohms, so that the self-discharge current of the storage battery pack is in microampere magnitude when the storage battery pack is placed for a long time; contacts A1 and A2 of the travel switch are respectively connected with a base electrode and an emitting electrode of the triode, and when the travel switch is pressed tightly, the triode Q1 is cut off; when the travel switch is switched off, the triode Q2 is conducted.
After the separation self-starting enable permission instruction is sent, the travel switch K1 is pressed, and self-discharge current caused by an external circuit of the storage battery pack mainly comprises leakage current of a Pmos tube Q2, a resistor R4 and leakage current between a collector electrode and an emitter electrode of the triode Q1. The Pmos transistor Q2 can ensure the leakage current to be about 1uA by selecting a low leakage current device IRF5M5210, and similarly, the leakage current can be about 50nA (0.05 uA) by selecting 2N2222AUB as the triode Q1. The resistance value of the resistor R4 is between 5 MOmega and 10 MOmega, the voltage of the storage battery pack is within 30V, and the leakage current is between 3uA and 6 uA. When the actual engineering adopts a main backup mode, the novel separation self-starting circuit causes the maximum self-discharge current of the storage battery pack to be 16.1uA when the satellite has a transmitting condition, the self-discharge electric quantity of the storage battery pack is only 0.07Ah when the satellite is placed for 3 months, and the discharge depth is only 0.7 percent relative to the storage battery pack with the capacity of 10 Ah. After 3 months of putting, the satellite can be directly transported and launched by the rocket without the need of supplementing and charging the storage battery, the operation complexity of the whole satellite is reduced, the reliability of the satellite development process is improved, the satellite is extremely favorable for quickly responding to the satellite, the satellite can be developed in advance, and the satellite can be launched by selecting the machine within 3 months when having a launching state.
The invention provides a novel separated self-powered circuit and a realization method thereof, comprising the following steps: sending a separation power-on enable permission instruction, compressing a travel switch K1, and entering a pre-launching state; in the rocket launching process, a satellite and a rocket are in an integrated state, a travel switch K1 is always in a compressed state, and a satellite is in an unpowered state; when the star and arrow are separated, the travel switch K1 automatically pops open, the signals A1 and A2 are disconnected, the base electrode of the triode Q1 is provided with base electrode current through the voltage of the storage battery through the resistor R4 to enter a conducting state, and then the Pmos tube Q2 is conducted, and the automatic power-up process is completed. In the process of compressing the travel switch K1, the self-discharge current of the storage battery pack caused by the circuit is always in the level of dozens of microamperes, and the influence on the storage battery pack caused by long-time storage is limited.
Comparing the prior art with the autonomous power supply control circuit of the present invention in detail below:
referring to fig. 1, when the bus voltage is not adjusted to be 28V, a value of a resistor R3 is between 100K Ω and 500K Ω, a travel switch KX1 is closed, and a relay K1 is closed, and a discharge current of a storage battery pack through the resistor R3 is 56uA to 280uA when the satellite autonomous power supply control circuit based on satellite-rocket separation disclosed in cn108375919 a.
In particular, without adjusting the bus at 12V, in order to ensure that the Pmos transistor is normally turned on, the gate and source voltages are at least 9V or more, so when the travel switch KX1 is turned off, the value of the resistor R2 is at least 3 times that of the resistor R3, and the value of the resistor R2 is also in the range of 100k Ω to 500k Ω, so the value of the resistor R3 is 160k Ω at most, and therefore, when the travel switch KX1 is turned on, the discharge current of the battery pack through the resistor R3 is 75uA.
Referring to fig. 2, a basic schematic diagram of a novel separate autonomous power-up circuit of the present embodiment. When a primary bus voltage positive line is at 28V, the value of the resistor R4 is between 5 MOmega and 10 MOmega, and when the stroke switch K1 is closed and the relay K2 is closed, the sum of self-discharge currents of the storage battery pack through the resistor R4 (2.8 uA to 5.6 uA), the collector of the triode Q1 and the emitter (50 nA) is 2.85uA to 5.65uA.
Particularly, when the bus is not regulated to be 12V, the value of the resistor R4 can be unchanged, so that the sum of self-discharge currents of the resistor R4 (1.2 uA-2.4 uA), the collector and the emitter (50 nA) of the triode Q1 of the storage battery pack is 1.25 uA-2.45 uA.
In conclusion, the storage battery pack self-discharge current generated by the novel separation autonomous power-up circuit is at least one order of magnitude smaller than that of a satellite autonomous power supply control circuit based on satellite and rocket separation disclosed by CN108375919A, so that the application prospect is wider.
Claims (4)
1. The input end of the separation self-powered circuit is connected with two ends of a travel switch K1, and when the K1 is pressed, a contact A1 is in short circuit with a contact A2; when K1 is disconnected, the contacts A1 and A2 are disconnected; the circuit is characterized by comprising resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5, a triode Q1, a relay K2, a capacitor C1 and a Pmos tube Q2; the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with a contact signal b2 of the relay K2, the base of the triode is connected with one end of the resistors R4 and R5, the emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the other end of the R5, the other end of the R5 is connected with the negative end of the storage battery pack, and the contacts A1 and A2 of the travel switch K1 are respectively connected with the base and the emitter of the triode Q1; the grid electrode of the Pmos tube Q2 is connected with one end of the R2, and the source electrode of the Pmos tube Q2 is connected with the positive end of the storage battery pack; one end of the R3 is connected with a contact signal b1 of the relay K2, the other end of the R3 is connected with one end of the R1 and the other end of the R2, the other end of the R1 and the other end of the R4 are connected with the positive end of the storage battery pack, and the C1 is connected with the R1 in parallel; the resistance value of the resistor R4 is between 1 and 10 megaohms.
2. The isolated self-energizing circuit as set forth in claim 1, wherein said Pmos transistor Q2 is a low leakage current device IRF5M5210.
3. The isolated self-powering circuit according to claim 1, wherein said transistor Q1 is selected from the group consisting of 2N2222AUB.
4. A power-up method implemented by the separate autonomous power-up circuit of claim 1, characterized by: when the relay K2 is enabled to allow, the contact signals b1 and b2 are connected, when the travel switch is pressed tightly, the base electrode of the triode Q1 is in short circuit with the emitting electrode, the triode Q1 is in a cut-off state, and then the grid electrode and the source electrode of the Pmos tube Q2 are in equipotential, so that the Pmos tube Q2 is cut off; when the travel switch is disconnected, the base electrode of the triode Q1 provides base electrode current through a voltage positive line of the storage battery pack and the R4, the triode Q1 is conducted, voltage difference between the source electrode and the grid electrode of the Pmos tube Q2 is formed according to the voltage dividing resistors of the resistors R1 and R2, then the Pmos tube Q2 is conducted, and when the travel switch is disconnected, the power is automatically supplied; when the relay K2 is enabled and disabled, the contact signals b1 and b3 are connected, the grid electrode and the source electrode of the Pmos tube Q2 are always in the same potential, and the Pmos tube Q2 is not influenced by the travel switch K1, so that the enabling and disabling control functions are realized; due to the amplification effect of the triode Q1, when the Pmos tube Q2 is driven, the difference between the base current flowing through the triode Q1 and the collector current of the triode Q1 is 1-2 orders of magnitude, so that the functions of enabling permission by separated power-up and limiting influence on self-discharge due to long-term shelving of the storage battery when the travel switch K1 is pressed are realized.
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| CN112130474B true CN112130474B (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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| CN113141004B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2023-05-23 | 长光卫星技术股份有限公司 | Automatic power-up circuit of small satellite and control method thereof |
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| CN108375919A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-08-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Satellite Autonomous power-supplying circuit based on satellite and the rocket separation |
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| CN110932706A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-03-27 | 广东天波信息技术股份有限公司 | Control circuit for avoiding shutdown leakage current of intelligent hardware |
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| US9285848B2 (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2016-03-15 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Power reception control device, power reception device, power transmission and reception system, and electronic device |
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| CN1719358A (en) * | 2004-07-05 | 2006-01-11 | 周先谱 | Control device of zero power consumption readiness power source |
| CN106410953A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-02-15 | 深圳航天东方红海特卫星有限公司 | Separation self power on and battery protection method applied to micro/nano satellite |
| CN108375919A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-08-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Satellite Autonomous power-supplying circuit based on satellite and the rocket separation |
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