CN112129649A - Measuring device and method for rapidly determining collision recovery coefficient of object - Google Patents

Measuring device and method for rapidly determining collision recovery coefficient of object Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112129649A
CN112129649A CN202011126242.7A CN202011126242A CN112129649A CN 112129649 A CN112129649 A CN 112129649A CN 202011126242 A CN202011126242 A CN 202011126242A CN 112129649 A CN112129649 A CN 112129649A
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China
Prior art keywords
collision
acoustic emission
suction nozzle
range finder
laser range
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CN202011126242.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李同清
张亚琛
贺毅强
黄威
徐天兵
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Lianyungang Woxin Advanced Material Co ltd
Jiangsu Ocean University
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Lianyungang Woxin Advanced Material Co ltd
Jiangsu Ocean University
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Priority to CN202011126242.7A priority Critical patent/CN112129649A/en
Publication of CN112129649A publication Critical patent/CN112129649A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
    • G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
    • G01B11/0608—Height gauges
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/08—Shock-testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/14—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/001—Impulsive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle

Abstract

The invention discloses a measuring device for rapidly determining the collision recovery coefficient of an object, and belongs to the technical field of material experiments. The quick installation comprises an adsorption mechanism, a collision mechanism and an information acquisition mechanism; the adsorption mechanism comprises a vacuum negative pressure pump and a suction nozzle connected with the vacuum negative pressure pump through an air pipe; the collision mechanism comprises a support frame and a slide rod, and a collision plate is fixedly arranged in the center of the bottom of the support frame; the information acquisition mechanism comprises a plurality of acoustic emission sensors, a DS2 type full information acoustic emission measuring instrument, a laser range finder and a microcomputer. The invention also discloses a measuring method for determining the collision recovery coefficient of the object, and the release height of the object is accurately measured by using the measuring device, so that the collision recovery coefficient of the object is determined. The device can accurately measure the release height of the object to be measured on the basis of convenient construction, can avoid the object to be measured from rotating in the release process, further ensures the accuracy of the measurement result, and realizes quick and accurate determination of the collision recovery coefficient of the object.

Description

Measuring device and method for rapidly determining collision recovery coefficient of object
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material tests, in particular to a measuring device and a method for rapidly determining the collision recovery coefficient of an object.
Background
The collision recovery coefficient of an object is an important physical parameter in physics, reflects the deformation and deformation recovery capacity of the object in the contact collision process, and can reflect the energy loss condition in the collision process, and the recovery coefficient is widely applied to different fields of geotechnical mechanics, material engineering disciplines, research of elastic collision in physics, finite element simulation and the like; the accurate determination of the material recovery coefficient is a problem to be solved since the measurement accuracy of the recovery coefficient depends to a large extent on the release height of the collision and the measurement accuracy of the minute time intervals.
The conventional measuring method is an acoustic wave sensor measuring method, but the conventional measuring method has the defects that the measurement of the release height is not accurate, and an object to be measured is easy to rotate in the falling process; the measurement method using the electromagnet also has a disadvantage of being greatly disturbed by the outside.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a measuring device for rapidly determining the collision recovery coefficient of an object, which has accurate measurement and small external interference aiming at the defects of the prior art.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a measuring method for quickly determining the collision recovery coefficient of an object, which has short measuring time and high accuracy, in view of the defects of the prior art.
The invention aims to solve the technical problem by the following technical scheme, and the invention provides a measuring device for rapidly determining the collision recovery coefficient of an object, which is characterized in that: comprises an adsorption mechanism, a collision mechanism and an information acquisition mechanism;
the adsorption mechanism comprises a vacuum negative pressure pump, and the vacuum negative pressure pump is connected with a suction nozzle through an air pipe;
the collision mechanism comprises a support frame and a slide rod, a collision plate is fixedly arranged in the center of the bottom of the support frame, a collision part is arranged in the center of the collision plate, the slide rod is transversely arranged on the support and is right above the collision part, and the suction nozzle is arranged in the middle of the slide rod;
the information acquisition mechanism include a plurality of acoustic emission sensor, DS2 type full information acoustic emission measuring apparatu, laser range finder and microcomputer, acoustic emission sensor circumference fixed mounting on the collision board around the striking portion to link to each other with DS2 type full information acoustic emission measuring apparatu through the signal line, laser range finder fixed mounting is in the middle part of the slide bar, laser range finder and DS2 type full information acoustic emission measuring apparatu all link to each other with the microcomputer through the signal line.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further realized by the following technical scheme, in the measuring device for rapidly determining the collision recovery coefficient of the object, the measuring device comprises: the support frame be the square frame, the movable pulley of slide bar through its both ends is installed on the upper portion of support frame, still vertical the installing of slide bar is adjusted the pole, suction nozzle and laser range finder all install on adjusting the pole.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further realized by the following technical scheme, in the measuring device for rapidly determining the collision recovery coefficient of the object, the measuring device comprises: the adjusting rod is installed on the aluminum profile sliding rod through a fastening clamp.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further realized by the following technical scheme, in the measuring device for rapidly determining the collision recovery coefficient of the object, the measuring device comprises: the number of the acoustic emission sensors is 4.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further realized by the following technical scheme, in the measuring device for rapidly determining the collision recovery coefficient of the object, the measuring device comprises: the suction nozzle be the alloy suction nozzle, fixed mounting has the rubber circle on the alloy suction nozzle, laser range finder fixed mounting is in suction nozzle one side.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, wherein a method for measuring by using the measuring apparatus for rapidly measuring the collision recovery coefficient of an object according to any one of the above technical solutions is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of,
(1) fixing a suction nozzle and a laser range finder at the lower end of a height adjusting rod, vertically installing the height adjusting rod on a slide bar, and moving the slide bar to enable the suction nozzle to be positioned right above an impact part; installing an acoustic emission sensor on a collision plate in the circumferential direction, connecting a laser range finder, the acoustic emission sensor and a DS2 type full information acoustic emission instrument with a microcomputer by using signal lines, starting a negative pressure vacuum pump to adsorb an object to be detected by using a suction nozzle, and measuring the initial release height of the object by using the laser range finder;
(2) the DS2 type full information acoustic emission instrument after parameter calibration is controlled in real time by using a computer, a negative pressure vacuum pump is closed, an object to be detected is released, and acoustic emission information generated by the collision of the object to be detected in a collision experiment is collected;
(3) removing experimental data which are deviated in the collision process according to the acquired signals;
(4) according to the data of the release height and the bounce height of the object to be measured acquired by a plurality of experiments, determining a collision recovery coefficient e of the object to be measured by using the following formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
in the formula: v0 is the initial velocity, v1 is the velocity of the bounce after impact;
h0is an initial height, h1G is the acceleration of gravity, which is the height of the bounce after the collision.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the measuring device provided by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to build; the laser range finder can accurately measure the release height, and the alloy suction nozzle releases the small ball to be detected so as to avoid the error of the experimental result caused by the rotation of the small ball when falling.
(2) The sliding rod arranged in the invention can change and adjust the release position of the object to be measured, and the adjusting rod can change the release height of the object to be measured, thereby facilitating multiple measurements and improving the accuracy of the experimental result.
(3) The rubber ring arranged on the alloy suction nozzle can more stably adsorb an object to be detected.
(4) The measuring method provided by the invention has the advantages of short time consumption and high precision; the acoustic emission sensors are fixed around the impact part, so that experimental data of deviation in the collision process can be screened and removed, and the influence on the calculation precision is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a measuring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial structural view of a measuring apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure of part A of the measuring apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an aluminum profile slide bar.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings so as to facilitate the further understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and do not constitute a limitation to the right thereof.
Example 1, with reference to fig. 1-5, a measuring device for rapidly determining the impact restitution coefficient of an object: comprises an adsorption mechanism, a collision mechanism and an information acquisition mechanism;
the adsorption mechanism comprises a vacuum negative pressure pump 10, and the vacuum negative pressure pump 10 is connected with a suction nozzle 12 through an air pipe 11;
the collision mechanism comprises a support frame 20 and a slide rod 22, a collision plate 21 is fixedly mounted at the center of the bottom of the support frame 20, a collision part 24 is arranged at the center of the collision plate 21, the slide rod 22 is transversely mounted on the support frame 20 and is positioned right above the collision part 24, and the suction nozzle 12 is mounted in the middle of the slide rod 22;
information acquisition mechanism include four acoustic emission sensors 32, DS2 type full information acoustic emission measuring apparatu 33, laser range finder 13 and microcomputer 34, acoustic emission sensor 32 circumference fixed mounting on striking portion collision board 21 all around, and evenly distributed is around striking portion 24 to pass through signal line 31 and DS2 type full information acoustic emission measuring apparatu 33 and link to each other, laser range finder 13 fixed mounting is in the middle part of slide bar 22, laser range finder 13 and DS2 type full information acoustic emission measuring apparatu 33 all link to each other with microcomputer 34 through signal line 31.
When in use, an object to be measured is absorbed by the suction nozzle 12, and the release height of the object to be measured is measured by the laser range finder 13; when an object falls and collides with the collision portion 24 of the collision plate 21, the microcomputer 34 can collect data on the pellets.
Embodiment 2, in the measuring device for rapidly determining the collision recovery coefficient of an object according to embodiment 1, the supporting frame 20 is a square frame, the sliding rod 22 is installed on the upper portion of the supporting frame 20 through the sliding wheels 40 at both ends of the sliding rod 22, the sliding rod 22 is also vertically installed with the height adjusting rod 23, and the suction nozzle 12 and the laser range finder 13 are both installed on the height adjusting rod 23;
the adjusting rod 23 is installed on the sliding rod 22 through a fastening clamp 25, the number of the acoustic emission sensors 32 is 4, and the acoustic emission sensors are equidistantly arranged around the impact part 24 by taking the center of the impact part 24 as a circle center;
the suction nozzle 12 is an alloy suction nozzle, a rubber ring is fixedly arranged on the alloy suction nozzle 12, and the laser range finder 13 is fixedly arranged on one side of the suction nozzle 12;
the slide bar 22 can adjust the position of the object to be released, so that the release position is positioned right above the impact part 24, and the adjusting rod 23 can adjust the release height of the object to be detected, so that the object to be detected can be released at different heights, and more experimental data can be obtained; the rubber ring arranged on the suction nozzle 23 can enable the suction nozzle to more firmly adsorb the object to be detected, and meanwhile, the object to be detected is prevented from deflecting when being released.
Embodiment 3, a measuring method using the measuring apparatus for rapidly determining the collision recovery coefficient of an object according to any of the above embodiments: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) fixing the suction nozzle 12 and the laser range finder 13 at the lower end of a height adjusting rod 23, vertically installing the height adjusting rod 23 on a slide bar 22, and moving the slide bar 22 to enable the suction nozzle 12 to be positioned right above an impact part 24; installing the acoustic emission sensor 32 on the collision plate 21 in the circumferential direction, connecting the laser range finder 13, the acoustic emission sensor 32 and the DS2 type full information acoustic emission instrument 33 with the microcomputer 34 by using the signal wire 31, starting the negative pressure vacuum pump 10 to absorb the object to be measured by using the suction nozzle 12, and measuring the initial release height of the object by using the laser range finder 13;
(2) the computer 34 is used for controlling the DS2 full information acoustic emission instrument with the calibrated parameters in real time, the negative pressure vacuum pump 10 is closed, the object to be detected is released, and the acoustic emission information generated by the collision of the object to be detected in the collision experiment is collected;
(3) removing experimental data which are deviated in the collision process according to the acquired signals;
(4) according to the release height data of the object to be detected acquired by a plurality of experiments, determining the collision recovery coefficient e of the object to be detected by using the following formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002A
in the formula: v0 is the initial velocity, v1 is the velocity of the bounce after impact;
h0is an initial height, h1G is the acceleration of gravity, which is the height of the bounce after the collision.

Claims (6)

1. A measuring device for rapidly determining the collision recovery coefficient of an object, characterized in that: comprises an adsorption mechanism, a collision mechanism and an information acquisition mechanism;
the adsorption mechanism comprises a vacuum negative pressure pump, and the vacuum negative pressure pump is connected with a suction nozzle through an air pipe;
the collision mechanism comprises a support frame and a slide rod, a collision plate is fixedly mounted in the center of the bottom of the support frame, a collision part is arranged in the center of the collision plate, the slide rod is transversely mounted on the support and is positioned right above the collision part, and the suction nozzle is mounted in the middle of the slide rod;
the information acquisition mechanism include a plurality of acoustic emission sensor, DS2 type full information acoustic emission measuring apparatu, laser range finder and microcomputer, acoustic emission sensor circumference fixed mounting on the collision board around the striking portion to link to each other with DS2 type full information acoustic emission measuring apparatu through the signal line, laser range finder fixed mounting is in the middle part of the slide bar, laser range finder and DS2 type full information acoustic emission measuring apparatu all link to each other with the microcomputer through the signal line.
2. The measurement device for rapidly determining the collision restitution coefficient of an object according to claim 1, wherein: the support frame be the square frame, the slide bar is installed on the upper portion of support frame through the movable pulley at its both ends, still vertically installs the altitude mixture control pole on the slide bar, suction nozzle and laser range finder all install on the altitude mixture control pole.
3. The apparatus for rapidly determining the collision restitution coefficient of an object according to claim 2, wherein: the adjusting rod is installed on the sliding rod through a fastening clamp.
4. The measurement device for rapidly determining the collision restitution coefficient of an object according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the acoustic emission sensors is 4.
5. The measurement device for rapidly determining the collision restitution coefficient of an object according to claim 1, wherein: the suction nozzle be the alloy suction nozzle, fixed mounting has the rubber circle on the alloy suction nozzle, laser range finder fixed mounting is in suction nozzle one side.
6. A method for measuring the collision recovery coefficient of an object at a high speed, characterized in that a measuring apparatus for measuring the collision recovery coefficient of an object at a high speed according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used, comprising the steps of,
(1) fixing a suction nozzle and a laser range finder at the lower end of a height adjusting rod, vertically installing the height adjusting rod on a slide bar, and moving the slide bar to enable the suction nozzle to be positioned right above an impact part; installing an acoustic emission sensor on a collision plate in the circumferential direction, connecting a laser range finder, the acoustic emission sensor and a DS2 type full information acoustic emission instrument with a microcomputer by using signal lines, starting a negative pressure vacuum pump to adsorb an object to be detected by using a suction nozzle, and measuring the initial release height of the object by using the laser range finder;
(2) the DS2 type full information acoustic emission instrument after parameter calibration is controlled in real time by using a computer, a negative pressure vacuum pump is closed, the small balls to be detected are released, and acoustic emission information generated by collision of objects to be detected in a collision experiment is collected;
(3) removing experimental data which are deviated in the collision process according to the acquired signals;
(4) according to the data of the release height and the bounce height of the object to be measured acquired by a plurality of experiments, determining a collision recovery coefficient e of the object to be measured by using the following formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002AA
in the formula: v0 is the initial velocity, v1 is the velocity of the bounce after impact;
h0is an initial height, h1G is the acceleration of gravity, which is the height of the bounce after the collision.
CN202011126242.7A 2020-10-20 2020-10-20 Measuring device and method for rapidly determining collision recovery coefficient of object Pending CN112129649A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114297861A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-08 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院 Collision analysis method for projectile body and movable bulletproof barrier
CN116429909A (en) * 2023-06-12 2023-07-14 杭州爱华智能科技有限公司 Rubber ball detection method and device for building acoustic measurement

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114297861A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-08 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院 Collision analysis method for projectile body and movable bulletproof barrier
CN116429909A (en) * 2023-06-12 2023-07-14 杭州爱华智能科技有限公司 Rubber ball detection method and device for building acoustic measurement
CN116429909B (en) * 2023-06-12 2023-09-15 杭州爱华智能科技有限公司 Rubber ball detection method and device for building acoustic measurement

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