CN112129025A - Active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping storage and transportation primary and secondary storehouse - Google Patents
Active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping storage and transportation primary and secondary storehouse Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D13/00—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23B7/152—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere comprising other gases in addition to CO2, N2, O2 or H2O ; Elimination of such other gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
- F25D17/042—Air treating means within refrigerated spaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
- F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D23/00—General constructional features
- F25D23/02—Doors; Covers
- F25D23/028—Details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25D29/008—Alarm devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2317/04—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments
- F25D2317/041—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2317/04—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments
- F25D2317/041—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification
- F25D2317/0413—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification by humidification
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping storage and transportation primary and secondary warehouse, which comprises: a mother storage and transportation warehouse and a child storage and transportation warehouse; the system comprises a storage and transportation mother warehouse, a plurality of storage and transportation sub-warehouses, a refrigeration system, an air conditioning system, a humidification system, a sterilization system, a pressure balance mechanism, an electric power system and a control system, wherein the storage and transportation mother warehouse and the storage and transportation sub-warehouses are mutually independent; the mother storage and transportation warehouse also comprises a pressure balancing mechanism and an airtight heat insulation mechanism. The invention also provides a preservation method based on the storage and transportation warehouse. The invention adopts the storage and transportation mother warehouse which is internally sleeved with a plurality of storage and transportation sub-warehouses to reduce temperature fluctuation, and adopts ground source pumps and photovoltaic solar technology to reduce energy consumption; the invention adopts the technology of extracting gas to isolate air and aerogel for heat preservation and sealing, can effectively inhibit the respiration of food cells and then mature, and prolongs the preservation time and the shelf life of the food after being delivered from the warehouse; the invention uses 5G and Beidou technology to carry out real-time monitoring and remote control on the storage and transportation warehouse, and has high intelligent degree.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fruit and vegetable preservation, in particular to an active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable preservation, storage and transportation primary-secondary warehouse.
Background
The current fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping equipment has the defects that:
1. the prior air-conditioning preservation technology adopts an inert atmosphere gas method to isolate air in a storehouse body so as to achieve the effect of preservation, the equipment for manufacturing nitrogen has high cost and complex maintenance, the preservation period is short, the measurement and control of the gas components of temperature, humidity, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide and the automatic control degree of a system are low, and the influence of human factors is large;
2. compared with the low-temperature storage of a cold storage, the low-temperature storage can only store the freezing-resistant food such as meat and the like at the temperature below 25 ℃ below zero; the controlled atmosphere storage in the prior art needs to keep constant and stable, on one hand, the energy consumption is high, on the other hand, the controlled atmosphere storage is difficult to control in actual operation and is easy to generate temperature fluctuation;
3. different technical schemes are required to be formulated for different freshness-retaining varieties, the gas regulation components and the temperature of the freshness-retaining varieties are different, namely, each controlled atmosphere storage needs to develop own application program independently;
4. the existing air-conditioned cold store in the market does not integrate water catalyst and aerogel technology in sealing, heat preservation and sterilization;
5. the air conditioning technology adopted in the market at present is an LTM-8000 series module as a core, and although the automatic data acquisition and digital display of environmental factors in an air-conditioned warehouse can be realized and the automatic control of a unit can be realized, the APP monitoring control cannot be realized; the air-conditioned cold store is immovable, has no directional monitoring capability and has low intelligent degree.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping storage and transportation primary-secondary storage, which solves the problems of high energy consumption and low intelligent degree of an air-conditioned storage in the prior art. The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments. This summary is not an extensive overview and is intended to neither identify key/critical elements nor delineate the scope of such embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
According to the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention, the active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping, storage and transportation primary and secondary warehouse is provided.
In some optional embodiments, the active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping, storage and transportation primary and secondary warehouse includes:
a mother storage and transportation warehouse and a child storage and transportation warehouse; the system comprises a storage and transportation mother warehouse, a plurality of storage and transportation sub-warehouses, a refrigeration system, an air conditioning system, a humidification system, a sterilization system, a pressure balance mechanism, an electric power system and a control system, wherein the storage and transportation mother warehouse and the storage and transportation sub-warehouses are mutually independent; wherein,
the refrigeration system comprises a condenser and a compressor, and the condenser and the compressor are both connected with the power system;
the gas-conditioning system comprises a gas-conditioning control module, an oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal all-in-one machine, a circulating pump, an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe; the air inlet end of the circulating pump is connected with an oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal all-in-one machine through a reversing valve, and the oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal all-in-one machine is connected with an exhaust pipe through the reversing valve; the air outlet end of the circulating pump is connected with an air inlet pipe and is also communicated with a humidifying system and a sterilizing system; the air conditioning control module comprises a temperature, humidity, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ethylene and air pressure detection module;
the humidifying system comprises a humidifier;
the sterilization system comprises a water catalyst-photocatalyst integrated generator;
the pressure balance mechanism comprises a constant-pressure safety valve, a pressure balance bag and a connecting pipe, the constant-pressure safety valve is assembled on the upper end surface of the interior of the storage and transportation mother warehouse, the upper end of the connecting pipe is assembled on the constant-pressure safety valve, and the lower end of the connecting pipe is assembled with the pressure balance bag;
the power system comprises an electrical box and a power supply, and the electrical box is connected with the control system;
the control system comprises an upper computer, a PLC control module, a 5G communication module, a Beidou satellite positioning module, a core logic control end, a storage module and an operation terminal; the PLC control module is connected with the air-conditioning control module and used for acquiring air-conditioning data of oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, ethylene content, temperature, humidity and air pressure and sending the air-conditioning data to an upper computer; the PLC control module is respectively connected with the 5G communication module and the Beidou satellite positioning module and is used for carrying out data interaction on the operation terminal; the upper computer sends out a working instruction according to the air-conditioning data; the PLC control module transmits the instruction to the oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal integrated machine, the refrigeration system, the power system, the humidification system and the pressure balance mechanism; one end of the core logic control end is connected with the 5G communication module and the Beidou satellite positioning module, and the other end of the core logic control end is connected with the storage module; the storage module is used for storing the controlled atmosphere data acquired by the controlled atmosphere control module; the operation terminal is connected with the storage module and also sends a return receipt processing instruction to the upper computer.
Optionally, the storage and transportation mother warehouse and the storage and transportation child warehouse further comprise an airtight heat insulation mechanism, the airtight heat insulation mechanism is assembled inside the storage and transportation mother warehouse, and the airtight heat insulation mechanism comprises an aerogel layer, and the aerogel layer is fixed on the inner wall of the storage and transportation mother warehouse.
Optionally, the storage and transportation mother warehouse and the storage and transportation child warehouse further comprise a heating system, and the heating system is a carbon crystal plate.
Optionally, airtight doors are installed on the storage and transportation mother warehouse and the storage and transportation sub warehouse, and observation windows are arranged on the airtight doors; and the electronic lock is connected with the upper computer, receives a door opening instruction sent by the upper computer and opens the airtight door.
Optionally, a locking handle is installed between the open end of the airtight door and the airtight door body.
Optionally, the storage and transportation mother warehouse is connected with a ground source pump circulating system, and the ground source pump sends underground water into the circulating system for adjusting the temperature in the storage and transportation mother warehouse.
Optionally, the storage and transportation mother warehouse is connected with a photovoltaic system, and the photovoltaic system is arranged at the upper end of the storage and transportation mother warehouse and is connected with an electric power system.
Optionally, the operation terminal includes a PC client, a mobile phone APP, and a PAD client.
Optionally, the control system further includes a monitoring module, a process flow module, a parameter setting module, a data display module, a data viewing module, and an alarm module.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a preservation method is provided, which is based on the above-mentioned active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable preservation, storage and transportation primary and secondary warehouse, and includes the following steps:
(1) starting a control system, and setting environmental parameters suitable for storing fruits and vegetables;
(2) starting a refrigeration system, and reducing the environmental temperature in the storage and transportation mother warehouse; the electric box is used for controlling the shutdown and the recovery operation of the refrigeration system, so that the temperature in the storage and transportation mother warehouse is kept within the range of +/-2 ℃ of the set temperature; putting the fruits and vegetables which are subjected to pre-cooling treatment to the appropriate temperature into a storage and transportation warehouse, and closing an airtight door to enable the storage and transportation warehouse to be in an airtight state;
(3) starting an air-conditioning system of the storage and transportation primary warehouse, and entering each storage and transportation secondary warehouse through an air inlet pipe to perform air conditioning;
(4) the pressure balancing mechanism operates to the target air pressure and keeps the air pressure in the warehouse unchanged; the control system monitors the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the storage and transportation sub-warehouse in real time through a sensor, and performs overpressure alarm when the pressure difference is greater than a safety value, and performs exhaust decompression treatment or emergency power-off treatment;
(5) starting a humidifier by a control system during the storage period of the fruits and vegetables to atomize the fresh water; the control system inquires data sent by the sensor at regular time, and controls the shutdown and the recovery operation of the humidifier so as to keep the humidity in the storage and transportation warehouse within a target range;
(6) starting the water catalyst-photocatalyst integrated generator by a control system during the storage period of the fruits and vegetables to perform sterilization treatment;
(7) when the control system detects that the concentration of carbon dioxide or oxygen or ethylene exceeds a preset value, opening each valve and a gas circulating pump to enable gas in the storage and transportation warehouse to flow circularly; simultaneously starting the oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal all-in-one machine to reduce the component concentration to be below a preset value, maintaining the gas components in the storage and transportation warehouse to be stable, and then closing a circulating pump and each valve;
(8) when transportation is needed, the storage and transportation sub-warehouse is transported to a cold chain transport vehicle, a refrigeration system, an air conditioning system, a humidification system and a sterilization system of the storage and transportation sub-warehouse are started, and air conditioning preservation is carried out in the transportation process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the storage and transportation warehouse belongs to the category of high-temperature warehouses, refrigeration and constant temperature are realized, the preserved food cannot be frozen, the original flavor of the food is kept unchanged, and the nutrition cannot be lost;
(2) under the condition of the same preservation quality and temperature, the preservation time of the air-conditioned cold store is 3-5 times of that of the cold store, even dozens of times of that of some foods, and the fresh-conditioned cold store is incomparable with the cold store;
(3) the controlled atmosphere operation temperature is 0-8 ℃ and is 18-33 ℃ higher than that of a common low-temperature refrigeration house, so the controlled atmosphere power consumption is far less than that of the common refrigeration house within the same preservation time; the invention adopts the ground source pump and the photovoltaic solar technology, thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption;
(4) the invention adopts the technology of extracting gas to isolate air and aerogel for heat preservation and sealing, can effectively inhibit the respiration of food cells and then ripen, not only prolongs the preservation time, but also prolongs the shelf life of the food after being delivered out of the warehouse, and leads the food to be sold in a longer time after being delivered out of the warehouse to be possible; the invention adopts CO2The gas and water catalyst generator participates in the air conditioning, and can effectively inhibit C2H4The generation and the action of ripening components and the like, and has the functions of sterilization, bacteriostasis and eliminating the toxic and side effect of pesticide; the invention comprises a humidifier, which can not only keep the moisture of the foodThe food can not be lost, and the color and the texture of the food can not be changed, thereby not only reducing the storage loss of the food, but also keeping the original quality of the food.
(5) The data platform is automatically researched and developed by multiple languages, 5G and the Beidou technology are applied, real-time monitoring and remote control are carried out on a storage and transportation warehouse, parameters of hundreds of vegetables and fruits are set and stored in one key, the manual 'intervention' degree is reduced, unmanned automatic operation and management are achieved, Beidou real-time positioning, state monitoring, alarming and remote account authentication, authorization and unlocking are adopted, the link of opening the warehouse on site is omitted, a data open domain after large data analysis is provided, and the whole people participate; the API is disclosed, the data interface is convenient to be in butt joint with logistics and storage platforms, and the intelligent degree is high.
(6) The character storage and transportation warehouse is manufactured according to international standard size, when the child storage and transportation warehouse needs to be moved away from the mother storage and transportation warehouse, a refrigeration system, an air conditioning system and the like of the child storage and transportation warehouse are started, air conditioning preservation is continued, the storage period of fruits and vegetables is prolonged in the long-distance transportation process, the quality of the fruits and vegetables is guaranteed, and the requirements of road, railway and marine transportation can be met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping storage and transportation primary-secondary warehouse of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the top of the mother and child warehousing and transportation warehouses;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the equipment of the warehousing and transportation mother warehouse of the present invention;
figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the airtight door of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a control system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a device profile of the control system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the operation of the control system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the operation of the control system parameter setting module of the present invention;
reference numerals:
1. a storage and transportation mother warehouse, 2, an airtight door, 3, an aerogel layer, 4, a photovoltaic system, 5, a compressor, 6, an air conditioning system, 7, an electric power system, 8, a ground source pump circulating system, 9, an air inlet pipe, 10, an aluminum calandria, 11, an oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal integrated machine, 12, a water catalyst-photocatalyst integrated generator, 12, a sampling pipe, 14, a storage and transportation son warehouse, 15, a condenser, 16, a pressure balance bag, 17, electric box, 18, control system, 19, observation window, 20, locking handle, 21, electronic lock, 22, refrigerating system, 23, humidification system, 24, PLC control module, 25, 5G communication module, 26, big dipper satellite positioning module, 27, core logic control end, 28, storage module, 29, operation terminal, 30, PC customer end, 31, cell-phone APP, 32, PAD customer end, 33, host computer.
Detailed Description
The following description and the drawings sufficiently illustrate specific embodiments herein to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in or substituted for those of others. The scope of the embodiments herein includes the full ambit of the claims, as well as all available equivalents of the claims. The terms "first," "second," and the like, herein are used solely to distinguish one element from another without requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such elements. In practice, a first element can also be referred to as a second element, and vice versa. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a structure, apparatus, or device that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such structure, apparatus, or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a structure, device or apparatus that comprises the element. The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like herein, as used herein, are defined as orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description herein, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may include, for example, mechanical or electrical connections, communications between two elements, direct connections, and indirect connections via intermediary media, where the specific meaning of the terms is understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
Herein, the term "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specified.
Herein, the character "/" indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A/B represents: a or B.
Herein, the term "and/or" is an associative relationship describing objects, meaning that three relationships may exist. For example, a and/or B, represents: a or B, or A and B.
Fig. 1-3 and 5-6 show an alternative embodiment of the active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping, storage and transportation primary and secondary warehouse.
In this alternative embodiment, the mother and child storage facilities 1 and 14; the storage and transportation mother warehouse 1 is internally provided with a plurality of mutually independent storage and transportation sub-warehouses 14, and each of the storage and transportation mother warehouse 1 and the storage and transportation sub-warehouses 14 comprises a refrigeration system 22, an air conditioning system 6, a humidification system 23, a sterilization system, a pressure balance mechanism, an electric power system 7 and a control system; wherein,
the refrigeration system 22 comprises a condenser 15 and a compressor 5, and both the condenser 15 and the compressor 5 are connected with the electric power system 7;
the gas-conditioning system 6 comprises a gas-conditioning control module, an oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal all-in-one machine 11, a circulating pump, an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe; the air inlet end of the circulating pump is connected with an oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal all-in-one machine 11 through a reversing valve, and the oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal all-in-one machine 11 is connected with an exhaust pipe through the reversing valve; the air outlet end of the circulating pump is connected with an air inlet pipe and is also communicated with a humidifying system 23 and a sterilizing system; the air conditioning control module comprises a temperature, humidity, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ethylene and air pressure detection module;
the humidifying system 23 comprises a humidifier;
the sterilization system comprises a water catalyst-photocatalyst integrated generator 12;
the pressure balancing mechanism comprises a constant-pressure safety valve, a pressure balancing bag 16 and a connecting pipe, wherein the constant-pressure safety valve is assembled on the upper end face inside the storage and transportation mother warehouse 1, the upper end of the connecting pipe is assembled on the constant-pressure safety valve, and the lower end of the connecting pipe is assembled with the pressure balancing bag 16; the design solves the problems that the pressure change is caused by the temperature fluctuation in the air-conditioned cold store in the normal operation process, the structure of the cold store body is easy to damage, and the potential safety hazard is large;
the power system 7 comprises an electrical box 17 and a power supply, wherein the electrical box 17 is connected with a control system 18;
the control system 18 comprises an upper computer 33, a PLC control module 24, a 5G communication module 25, a Beidou satellite positioning module 26, a core logic control end 27, a storage module 28 and an operation terminal 29; the PLC control module 24 is connected with the controlled atmosphere control module and is used for acquiring controlled atmosphere data of oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, ethylene content, temperature, humidity and air pressure and sending the controlled atmosphere data to the upper computer 33; the PLC control module 24 is respectively connected with the 5G communication module 25 and the Beidou satellite positioning module 26 and is used for carrying out data interaction on the operation terminal; the upper computer 33 sends out a working instruction according to the air-conditioning data; the PLC control module 24 transmits the instruction to the oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal all-in-one machine 11, the refrigeration system 22, the electric power system 7, the humidification system 232 and the pressure balance mechanism; one end of the core logic control end 27 is connected with the 5G communication module 25 and the Beidou satellite positioning module 26, and the other end of the core logic control end is connected with the storage module 28; the storage module 28 is configured to store the modified atmosphere data collected by the modified atmosphere control module; the operation terminal 29 is connected with the storage module 28 and also sends a return receipt processing instruction to the upper computer 33.
In some embodiments, after the fruits and vegetables are pre-cooled to a temperature suitable for storage, the fruits and vegetables are placed into the storage and transportation sub-warehouse, a plurality of storage and transportation sub-warehouses for storing the same type of fruits and vegetables are stacked in the storage and transportation mother warehouse, an air conditioning system of the storage and transportation mother warehouse is started, air conditioning preservation is started, only the storage and transportation mother warehouse works, and energy consumption is reduced.
In other embodiments, when the storage and transportation sub-warehouse needs to be moved away from the storage and transportation mother warehouse, a refrigerating system, an air conditioning system and the like of the storage and transportation sub-warehouse are started, air conditioning preservation is continued, the storage period of fruits and vegetables is prolonged in the long-distance transportation process, and the quality of the fruits and vegetables is guaranteed.
In some optional embodiments, the mother and child storage warehouses 1 and 14 further comprise an airtight heat insulation mechanism, the airtight heat insulation mechanism is assembled inside the mother storage warehouse 1, the airtight heat insulation mechanism comprises an aerogel layer 3, and the aerogel layer 3 is fixed on the inner wall of the mother storage warehouse 1.
Optionally, a sampling tube 13 is arranged on one side close to the air inlet tube.
Optionally, the mother storage and transportation warehouse 1 and the child storage and transportation warehouse 14 further comprise a heating system, and optionally, the heating system is a carbon crystal plate and is mainly applied to heating the whole device to reach the target temperature under the condition of cold weather.
Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the airtight door of the active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping, storage and transportation primary and secondary warehouse of the invention.
In some alternative embodiments, the storage and transportation mother warehouse 1 and the storage and transportation sub warehouse 14 are both provided with airtight doors 2, and the airtight doors are provided with observation windows 19; the airtight door 2 is further provided with an electronic lock 21, and the electronic lock 21 is connected with the upper computer 33 and used for receiving a door opening instruction sent by the upper computer 33 and opening the airtight door 2.
Optionally, a locking handle 20 is installed between the open end of the airtight door 2 and the airtight door body.
In some optional embodiments, the mother storage and transportation warehouse 1 is connected with a ground source pump circulating system 8, and ground water is fed into the circulating system by the ground source pump for adjusting the temperature in the mother storage and transportation warehouse 1.
In some optional embodiments, the mother storage and transportation warehouse 1 is connected with a photovoltaic system 4, and the photovoltaic system 4 is arranged at the upper end of the mother storage and transportation warehouse 1 and is connected with a power system 7.
In some optional embodiments, the operation terminal 29 includes a PC client 30, a mobile phone APP 31, and a PAD client 32.
In some optional embodiments, the control system 18 further comprises a monitoring module, a process flow module, a parameter setting module, a data display module, a data viewing module, and an alarm module.
FIG. 7 illustrates one embodiment of a workflow diagram for the control system of the present invention.
In order to improve the quality of fruits and vegetables stored in an air-conditioning preservation container and improve the intelligent centralized control level of units of the air-conditioning preservation container, the invention designs a set of real-time intelligent cloud control system for environmental factors of the air-conditioning preservation container, which takes an intelligent gateway and cloud service as an upper computer and a Siemens S7-200 bus module as an execution end, so as to realize data acquisition of multi-path analog quantity signals of temperature, humidity, oxygen, ethylene and carbon dioxide gas concentration and realize automatic control on the operation conditions of execution mechanisms such as a refrigeration system, a humidification system, a pressure balance mechanism and the like.
The control system of the invention provides a complete scheme and a development platform for solving practical problems for users, and can complete the functions of field data acquisition, real-time and historical data processing, alarming, flow control, animation display, curve and report output and the like. The control system comprises a monitoring module, a process flow module, a parameter setting module, a data display module, a data checking module and an alarm module. The interface can display the working states of the equipment such as gas transmission state, refrigeration, air conditioning and the like by animation, namely, the parameters such as the closing or opening of the equipment, the current working threshold value and the like. When a plurality of freezer rooms are used and monitored simultaneously, alternative spot checks and displays are generally selected.
And the parameter setting module is used for setting the parameter value to be detected and the allowable deviation value and setting the acquisition interval time. The allowable deviation value is reasonably set according to different parameters and equipment, if the setting range is too small, the equipment is frequently opened and closed, and the service life of the equipment is greatly shortened; if the setting range is too large, the air conditioning and refrigerating effects of the refrigerator are reduced. The general accuracy requirements are shown in table 1, while the interval time should be as short as possible for the accuracy of the detection. But the typical time interval is selected to be 600ms due to factors such as the power of the pump and the path length of the gas flow and the gas flow's resistance to explosiveness.
TABLE 1 parameter setting accuracy requirement table
| Temperature of | Relative humidity | Oxygen concentration | Concentration of carbon dioxide |
| ±0.7℃ | ±5% | ±1% | ±1% |
FIG. 8 illustrates one embodiment of the workflow of the control system parameter setting module of the present invention.
If the real-time monitored temperature or gas concentration exceeds the preset range, the system can automatically make corresponding adjustment, the automatic adjustment is unsuccessful, and the alarm module is started to prompt a worker to adopt manual treatment. For example, if the oxygen concentration is above the set range, the automatic monitoring system will increase the flow of hypoxic gas to bring the oxygen concentration in the cold storage to the desired level in the shortest amount of time. If the parameters are still unqualified after a certain adjustment time, the system or the equipment is in failure, and the system or the equipment can only be manually processed by workers, and other parameters can also be processed.
The data store typically uses the MSSQL database. If the historical data needs to be checked in the experimental research, a data checking module is started, the number and the time period of the storage and transportation sublibrary to be checked are selected, and the data can be displayed in a column diagram or line diagram mode after confirmation. In addition, the invention can also check the staged historical alarm data, so that the irrationality of the design or parameter allowable deviation setting in some aspects can be summarized according to the alarm frequency, and further the control system can be modified, so that the intelligent monitoring system can achieve the most perfect effect in a specific refrigeration house.
The invention also provides a preservation method based on the fruit and vegetable preservation storage and transportation warehouse, which comprises the following steps:
(1) starting a control system, and setting environmental parameters suitable for storing fruits and vegetables;
(2) starting a refrigeration system, and reducing the environmental temperature in the storage and transportation mother warehouse; the electric box is used for controlling the shutdown and the recovery operation of the refrigeration system, so that the temperature in the storage and transportation mother warehouse is kept within the range of +/-2 ℃ of the set temperature; putting the fruits and vegetables which are subjected to pre-cooling treatment to the appropriate temperature into a storage and transportation warehouse, and closing an airtight door to enable the storage and transportation warehouse to be in an airtight state;
(3) starting an air-conditioning system of the storage and transportation primary warehouse, and entering each storage and transportation secondary warehouse through an air inlet pipe to perform air conditioning;
(4) the pressure balancing mechanism operates to the target air pressure and keeps the air pressure in the warehouse unchanged; the control system monitors the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the storage and transportation sub-warehouse in real time through a sensor, and performs overpressure alarm when the pressure difference is greater than a safety value, and performs exhaust decompression treatment or emergency power-off treatment;
(5) starting a humidifier by a control system during the storage period of the fruits and vegetables to atomize the fresh water; the control system inquires data sent by the sensor at regular time, and controls the shutdown and the recovery operation of the humidifier so as to keep the humidity in the storage and transportation warehouse within a target range;
(6) starting the water catalyst-photocatalyst integrated generator 12 by a control system during the storage period of the fruits and vegetables to perform sterilization treatment;
(7) when the control system detects that the concentration of carbon dioxide or oxygen or ethylene exceeds a preset value, opening each valve and a gas circulating pump to enable gas in the storage and transportation warehouse to flow circularly; simultaneously starting the oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal all-in-one machine to reduce the component concentration to be below a preset value, maintaining the gas components in the storage and transportation warehouse to be stable, and then closing a circulating pump and each valve;
(8) when transportation is needed, the storage and transportation sub-warehouse is transported to a cold chain transport vehicle, a refrigeration system, an air conditioning system, a humidification system and a sterilization system of the storage and transportation sub-warehouse are started, and air conditioning preservation is carried out in the transportation process.
The storage and transportation warehouse of the invention is utilized to keep fresh of different fruits and vegetables, and the following data table 2 is obtained:
TABLE 2 storage parameter table for different kinds of fruits and vegetables
As can be seen from Table 2, the preservation time of the air-conditioned cold store is 3-5 times that of the cold store under the same preservation quality and temperature conditions.
The air conditioning system plays a role in monitoring and adjusting the temperature, the humidity and the air composition of the whole body. The temperature is the most important storage environment condition, which not only influences various physiological and biochemical processes of fruits and vegetables, but also influences the activities of microorganisms; the temperature is also closely related to other environmental conditions, so the temperature control is always paid attention to in the storage and preservation process. In addition, since the relative humidity in the storage environment affects the transpiration of fruits and vegetables on the one hand and the activity of microorganisms on the other hand, it is necessary to take full consideration of both effects in actually controlling the storage humidity and to maintain the humidity at an appropriate level by analyzing the main aspects of contradiction.
In addition, the composition of air has great influence on the storage of fruits and vegetables, and the normal atmosphere contains about 21 percent of oxygen, 0.03 percent of carbon dioxide and 78 percent of nitrogen, and the other components are less than 1 percent. Changing the composition of air, properly reducing the partial pressure of oxygen or properly increasing the partial pressure of carbon dioxide, has the functions of inhibiting the respiration intensity of plants, delaying the after-ripening and aging process, preventing water evaporation, inhibiting the activity of microorganisms and the like. Meanwhile, the content of oxygen and carbon dioxide can be controlled to obtain better fresh-keeping effect.
The invention combines water catalyst sterilization and aerogel heat preservation sealing technology while keeping proper low temperature, reduces the oxygen content in the environmental gas and properly changes the composition ratio of carbon dioxide and ethylene. The fruits and vegetables are still vital after being harvested, and the energy required by the vital activities is obtained by decomposing nutrients accumulated in the growth period through respiration. Therefore, the essence of fruit and vegetable fresh keeping is to reduce the respiration of fruit and vegetable so as to reduce the consumption of nutrient substances. The aim of reducing the breath intensity as much as possible can be realized by reducing the oxygen content necessary for respiration in the environment and storing at low temperature, so that the fruits and vegetables can better keep the original natural texture, flavor and nutrition in a longer storage period.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. An active extrinsic cycle intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping storage and transportation primary and secondary storehouse is characterized by comprising:
a mother storage and transportation warehouse and a child storage and transportation warehouse; the system comprises a storage and transportation mother warehouse, a plurality of storage and transportation sub-warehouses, a refrigeration system, an air conditioning system, a humidification system, a sterilization system, a pressure balance mechanism, an electric power system and a control system, wherein the storage and transportation mother warehouse and the storage and transportation sub-warehouses are mutually independent; wherein,
the refrigeration system comprises a condenser and a compressor, and the condenser and the compressor are both connected with the power system;
the gas-conditioning system comprises a gas-conditioning control module, an oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal all-in-one machine, a circulating pump, an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe; the air inlet end of the circulating pump is connected with an oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal all-in-one machine through a reversing valve, and the oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal all-in-one machine is connected with an exhaust pipe through the reversing valve; the air outlet end of the circulating pump is connected with an air inlet pipe and is also communicated with a humidifying system and a sterilizing system; the air conditioning control module comprises a temperature, humidity, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ethylene and air pressure detection module;
the humidifying system comprises a humidifier;
the sterilization system comprises a water catalyst-photocatalyst integrated generator;
the pressure balance mechanism comprises a constant-pressure safety valve, a pressure balance bag and a connecting pipe, the constant-pressure safety valve is assembled on the upper end surface of the interior of the storage and transportation mother warehouse, the upper end of the connecting pipe is assembled on the constant-pressure safety valve, and the lower end of the connecting pipe is assembled with the pressure balance bag;
the power system comprises an electrical box and a power supply, and the electrical box is connected with the control system;
the control system comprises an upper computer, a PLC control module, a 5G communication module, a Beidou satellite positioning module, a core logic control end, a storage module and an operation terminal;
the PLC control module is connected with the air-conditioning control module and used for acquiring air-conditioning data of oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, ethylene content, temperature, humidity and air pressure and sending the air-conditioning data to an upper computer; the PLC control module is respectively connected with the 5G communication module and the Beidou satellite positioning module and is used for carrying out data interaction on the operation terminal;
the upper computer sends out a working instruction according to the air-conditioning data; the PLC control module transmits the instruction to the oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal integrated machine, the refrigeration system, the power system, the humidification system and the pressure balance mechanism;
one end of the core logic control end is connected with the 5G communication module and the Beidou satellite positioning module, and the other end of the core logic control end is connected with the storage module;
the storage module is used for storing the controlled atmosphere data acquired by the controlled atmosphere control module;
the operation terminal is connected with the storage module and also sends a return receipt processing instruction to the upper computer.
2. The active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping, storage and transportation child-mother bank of claim 1,
the air-tight heat insulation mechanism is assembled inside the storage and transportation mother warehouse and comprises an aerogel layer, and the aerogel layer is fixed on the inner wall of the storage and transportation mother warehouse.
3. The active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping, storage and transportation child-mother bank of claim 1,
the mother storage and child storage further comprises a heating system, and the heating system is a carbon crystal plate.
4. The active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping, storage and transportation child-mother bank of claim 1,
airtight doors are installed on the storage and transportation mother warehouse and the storage and transportation sub warehouse, and observation windows are arranged on the airtight doors; and the electronic lock is connected with the upper computer, receives a door opening instruction sent by the upper computer and opens the airtight door.
5. The active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping, storage and transportation child-mother bank of claim 4,
and a locking handle is arranged between the open end of the airtight door and the airtight door body.
6. The active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping, storage and transportation child-mother bank of claim 1,
the storage and transportation mother warehouse is connected with a ground source pump circulating system, and the ground source pump sends underground water into the circulating system for adjusting the temperature in the storage and transportation mother warehouse.
7. The active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping, storage and transportation child-mother bank of claim 1,
the storage and transportation mother warehouse is connected with a photovoltaic system, and the photovoltaic system is arranged at the upper end of the storage and transportation mother warehouse and is connected with an electric power system.
8. The active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping, storage and transportation child-mother bank of claim 1,
the operation terminal comprises a PC client, a mobile phone APP and a PAD client.
9. The active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping, storage and transportation child-mother bank of claim 1,
the control system also comprises a monitoring module, a process flow module, a parameter setting module, a data display module, a data viewing module and an alarm module.
10. The preservation method of the fruit and vegetable preservation storage and transportation warehouse based on any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) starting a control system, and setting environmental parameters suitable for storing fruits and vegetables;
(2) starting a refrigeration system, and reducing the environmental temperature in the storage and transportation mother warehouse; the electric box is used for controlling the shutdown and the recovery operation of the refrigeration system, so that the temperature in the storage and transportation mother warehouse is kept within the range of +/-2 ℃ of the set temperature; putting the fruits and vegetables which are subjected to pre-cooling treatment to the appropriate temperature into a storage and transportation warehouse, and closing an airtight door to enable the storage and transportation warehouse to be in an airtight state;
(3) starting an air-conditioning system of the storage and transportation primary warehouse, and entering each storage and transportation secondary warehouse through an air inlet pipe to perform air conditioning;
(4) the pressure balancing mechanism operates to the target air pressure and keeps the air pressure in the warehouse unchanged; the control system monitors the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the storage and transportation sub-warehouse in real time through a sensor, and performs overpressure alarm when the pressure difference is greater than a safety value, and performs exhaust decompression treatment or emergency power-off treatment;
(5) starting a humidifier by a control system during the storage period of the fruits and vegetables to atomize the fresh water; the control system inquires data sent by the sensor at regular time, and controls the shutdown and the recovery operation of the humidifier so as to keep the humidity in the storage and transportation warehouse within a target range;
(6) starting the water catalyst-photocatalyst integrated generator by a control system during the storage period of the fruits and vegetables to perform sterilization treatment;
(7) when the control system detects that the concentration of carbon dioxide or oxygen or ethylene exceeds a preset value, opening each valve and a gas circulating pump to enable gas in the storage and transportation warehouse to flow circularly; simultaneously starting the oxygen-carbon dioxide-ethylene removal all-in-one machine to reduce the component concentration to be below a preset value, maintaining the gas components in the storage and transportation warehouse to be stable, and then closing a circulating pump and each valve;
(8) when transportation is needed, the storage and transportation sub-warehouse is transported to a cold chain transport vehicle, a refrigeration system, an air conditioning system, a humidification system and a sterilization system of the storage and transportation sub-warehouse are started, and air conditioning preservation is carried out in the transportation process.
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| CN109990525A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-09 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of packaged type fruit and vegetable air-conditioning library |
| CN212538424U (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-12 | 刘慧平 | Active external circulation intelligent fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping storage and transportation primary and secondary storehouse |
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