CN112126475B - Gasification furnace and gasification method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal chemical industry, and discloses a gasification furnace and a gasification method, wherein the gasification furnace (2) comprises a furnace body (20), a gasification region (22) and a heating region positioned above the gasification region are arranged in the furnace body, a heating gas collecting device (1) is arranged in the heating region, the heating gas collecting device comprises a heating component (10), the heating component is configured to be capable of heating materials, the heating gas collecting device further comprises a gas collecting component (12), a circulation space for the materials to pass through is formed between the gas collecting component and the heating component, the gas collecting component is arranged to be capable of collecting gas generated by the materials passing through the circulation space and heated by the heating component, and the materials leaving the heating region can enter the gasification region (22) to perform gasification reaction to generate synthetic gas. The gasification furnace can heat materials before the materials are gasified, and gas generated when the materials are heated can not enter a gasification area of the gasification furnace.

Description

Gasification furnace and gasification method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal chemical industry, in particular to a gasification furnace and a gasification method.

Background

Coal gasification furnaces are the main equipment for coal gasification. Lignite as the coal with the lowest coalification degree has the characteristics of low carbon content, high hydrogen and oxygen contents, high moisture and volatile matter contents, low heat value, poor thermal stability and the like, and has larger difference in quality compared with bituminous coal and anthracite. The reserve of lignite in China accounts for 17% of the total reserve of coal, and lignite becomes the coal mainly used in China.

Because the inner holes of the lignite are rich and the water content in the lignite is high, the water content in most lignite can reach 10% -20%, and the total water content can reach 30% -50%, when the lignite is gasified by a coal gasification furnace, the gas production rate is low, and the heat efficiency is low. Therefore, in the prior art, the lignite is basically pre-dried before gasification, but a direct heating drying mode is adopted, so that steam evaporated by drying the lignite enters a gasification area, and the composition of synthesis gas is changed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the problem that the composition of synthesis gas is changed due to the fact that water vapor generated by drying coal enters a gasification area of a gasification furnace in the prior art, and provides a gasification furnace, wherein a heating area is arranged in the gasification furnace, and a heating gas collecting device is arranged in the heating area, wherein the heating gas collecting device is provided with a heating assembly for heating materials to be heated and a gas collecting assembly for collecting gas generated by heating the materials to be heated, so that the gas generated during coal heating cannot enter the gasification area of the gasification furnace.

In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides a gasification furnace, which includes a furnace body, a gasification region and a heating region located above the gasification region are disposed in the furnace body, a heating and gas-collecting device is disposed in the heating region, the heating and gas-collecting device includes a heating assembly, the heating assembly is configured to be capable of heating materials, the heating and gas-collecting device further includes a gas-collecting assembly, a circulation space for the materials to pass through is formed between the gas-collecting assembly and the heating assembly, the gas-collecting assembly is configured to be capable of collecting gas generated by the materials passing through the circulation space and heated by the heating assembly, and the materials leaving the heating region can enter the gasification region to perform gasification reaction to generate synthesis gas.

In the technical scheme, the heating zone is arranged in the furnace body, the heating assembly capable of heating materials such as coal and the gas collecting assembly for collecting gas generated by heating the materials such as coal are arranged in the heating zone, so that gas such as steam generated by heating and drying the coal can be collected by the gas collecting assembly, and thus the gas such as steam generated by heating the coal cannot enter the gasification zone of the gasification furnace, so that the change of the components of the synthesis gas generated by the gasification zone can be basically avoided, the subsequent purification process of the synthesis gas is simpler, in addition, because the steam generated in the heating and drying process can be separately collected, water resources are saved, and the separately collected steam basically does not need to be subjected to additional purification treatment.

Preferably, the heating assembly comprises a heating main body for circulating a heating medium, the heating main body comprises a plurality of straight-tube-shaped heating tubes arranged at intervals, and the heating assembly comprises an inlet manifold assembly and an outlet manifold assembly which are respectively communicated with the plurality of heating tubes and used for allowing the heating medium to enter and be discharged.

Preferably, the gas collecting assembly includes a gas collecting main body, the gas collecting main body includes at least one gas collecting pipe in a straight pipe shape, the gas collecting pipe is consistent with the extending direction of the heating pipe, and an air inlet hole for the gas generated by the heated material to enter is formed in the gas collecting pipe, and the gas collecting assembly further includes a guide-out header pipe assembly communicated with the gas collecting pipe for the gas to be discharged from the gasification furnace.

Preferably, the gas collection main body comprises a material blocking cover which is arranged above the gas inlet hole and can block materials from entering the gas inlet hole.

Preferably, a plurality of heating pipes jointly surround to form an annular body;

when the gas collecting main body comprises a plurality of gas collecting pipes, the plurality of gas collecting pipes are arranged at intervals and form an annular body by enclosing the plurality of gas collecting pipes together;

the heating assembly comprises a plurality of heating main bodies, the gas collecting assembly comprises a plurality of gas collecting main bodies, and the plurality of heating main bodies and the plurality of gas collecting main bodies are alternately distributed along the radial direction of the annular body.

Preferably, the inlet manifold assembly includes a plurality of inlet annular tubes in communication with the plurality of heating tubes of each heating body, respectively, and an inlet manifold in communication with each of the inlet annular tubes; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the discharge header pipe assembly comprises a plurality of discharge annular pipes respectively communicated with the plurality of heating pipes of each heating body and a discharge header pipe for communicating the discharge annular pipes, and the discharge annular pipes and the inlet annular pipes are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the annular body.

Preferably, the inlet manifold extends in a radial direction of the annular body; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the discharge manifold extends in a radial direction of the annular body.

Preferably, the inlet manifold assembly comprises a plurality of inlet manifolds, the inlet manifolds being spaced apart along the circumference of the annular body; and/or

The discharge manifold assembly comprises a plurality of discharge manifolds, and the plurality of discharge manifolds are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular body.

Preferably, the leading-out header pipe assembly comprises a plurality of leading-out annular pipes respectively communicated with the plurality of gas collecting pipes of each gas collecting main body and a leading-out header pipe communicated with each of the leading-out annular pipes.

Preferably, the heating zone comprises a drying zone and a pyrolysis zone located between the gasification zone and the drying zone, and the heating gas collecting device is arranged in the drying zone and/or the pyrolysis zone.

Preferably, the gasification zone is provided with a syngas outlet through which syngas is introduced into the heating assembly as a heating medium after leaving the gasification zone.

The second aspect of the present invention provides a gasification method, in which a material to be gasified enters a gasification furnace to be gasified, the gasification furnace includes a furnace body, a gasification zone and a heating zone located above the gasification zone are provided in the furnace body, the gasification method includes:

step S10, the material to be gasified enters the heating area, the material to be gasified is heated, and gas generated when the material is heated is collected;

and step S20, enabling the materials to leave the heating area and enter the gasification area for gasification.

Preferably, the heating zone includes a drying zone and a pyrolysis zone between the gasification zone and the drying zone, and the step S10 includes:

and before the materials enter the gasification area, the materials enter the drying area to be dried, then the dried materials enter the pyrolysis area, the materials are heated to be thermally decomposed, and pyrolysis gas generated by thermal decomposition is collected.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional structure view of a gasification furnace according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a heating gas collecting apparatus in a gasification furnace according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the heated gas collecting apparatus shown in FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a gas collection assembly in the heated gas collection apparatus shown in fig. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the gas collection assembly shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a heating assembly in the heated gas collecting apparatus shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the heating assembly of FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas header in a gas header assembly of a heated gas header apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1-heating gas-collecting device; 10-a heating assembly; 100-heating a tube; 101-an inlet ring pipe; 102-an access manifold assembly; 103-discharge ring pipe; 104-a discharge manifold assembly; 105-an inlet manifold; 107-discharge header; 12-a gas collection assembly; 120-a gas collecting pipe; 121-lead out annular pipe; 122-an air intake; 123-a lead-out header pipe; 124-an outlet manifold assembly; 126-a material blocking cover; 2-gasifying a furnace; 20-furnace body; 21-water jacket inlet pipe; 22-a gasification zone; 23-water jacket steam outlet; 24-a coal inlet; 25-syngas feed inlet; 26-an ash outlet; 27-syngas outlet; 28-a coal distribution device; 29-slag discharge device.

Detailed Description

In the present invention, the use of directional terms such as "upper, lower, left and right" in the absence of a contrary intention, generally means that the terms "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside of the outline of the component, both in conjunction with the orientation shown in the drawings and the orientation shown in practical use.

The invention provides a gasification furnace, as shown in fig. 1, a gasification furnace 2 comprises a furnace body 20, a gasification region 22 and a heating region positioned above the gasification region 22 are arranged in the furnace body 20, a heating gas collecting device 1 is arranged in the heating region, the heating gas collecting device 1 comprises a heating assembly 10, the heating assembly 10 is configured to be capable of heating materials, the heating gas collecting device 1 further comprises a gas collecting assembly 12, the gas collecting assembly 12 can be arranged at intervals with the heating assembly 10, a circulation space for the materials to pass through is formed between the gas collecting assembly 12 and the heating assembly 10, it can be understood that the materials such as coal can enter the circulation space from the outside and can be discharged after being heated through the circulation space, and the gas collecting assembly 12 is configured to be capable of collecting gas generated by heating the materials such as coal which pass through the circulation space and are heated by the heating assembly 10. It will be appreciated that material such as coal may be heated to dry and/or pyrolyzed by the heating assembly 10, for example, during heating to dry, gases such as steam may be generated, and during heating to pyrolyze, gases may be generated. By arranging the heating zone in the furnace body 20 and arranging the heating assembly 10 capable of heating materials such as coal and the gas collection assembly 12 for collecting gas generated by heating materials such as coal in the heating zone, gas such as water vapor generated by heating materials such as coal can be collected by the gas collection assembly 12, so that water vapor and pyrolysis gas generated by heating coal cannot enter the gasification zone of the gasification furnace 2, thereby basically avoiding the change of the components of synthesis gas generated by the gasification zone, and leading the subsequent purification process of the synthesis gas to be simpler. It should be noted that the coal inlet 24 may be disposed at the top of the furnace body 20, the ash outlet 26 may be disposed at the bottom of the furnace body 20, a slag discharge device 29 may be disposed in the furnace body 20, and the furnace body 20 may be configured in a water jacket manner, so that a water jacket water inlet pipe 21, a syngas raw material inlet 25, a water jacket steam outlet 23, and a syngas outlet 27 may be disposed on the wall of the furnace body 20, and in addition, a coal distribution device 28 may be disposed at the top of the gasification zone 22, and under the action of the coal distribution device 28, coal may enter the gasification zone at a certain speed for gasification reaction. The coal can be heated to 200 ℃ and 250 ℃ by passing a heating medium into the heating assembly 10, and the moisture in the coal can be reduced to about 6% in the case of lignite.

Preferably, the heating zone comprises a drying zone and a pyrolysis zone located between the gasification zone 22 and the drying zone, and a heating gas collection device 1 is arranged in the drying zone and/or the pyrolysis zone, it being understood that the heat gas collection device 1 arranged in the pyrolysis zone is of the same structure as the heat gas collection device 1 arranged in the drying zone. The coal can fall into the drying area from the coal inlet 24 and be heated and dried by the heating assembly 10, then can fall into the pyrolysis area to be heated and decomposed, and finally can enter the gasification area 22 to be gasified, wherein the coal in the falling process can separate the drying area and the pyrolysis area into two spaces which are not communicated with each other, and can separate the pyrolysis area and the gasification area 22 into two spaces which are not communicated with each other, so that gases such as water vapor in the drying area can not enter the pyrolysis area, and the pyrolysis gas can not enter the gasification area 22. Wherein, can let into heating medium such as the synthetic gas that gasification district produced in heating element 10 in order to provide heat to the material that waits to pyrolyze that falls into in the drying zone through the mode of indirect heating, likewise, can let into heating medium such as the synthetic gas that gasification district produced in heating element 10 in order to provide heat for the material that waits to pyrolyze that is introduced by the drying zone through the mode of indirect heating, impel to wait to pyrolyze the material and take place pyrolysis reaction and generate pyrolysis gas and semicoke, pyrolysis gas is collected by gas collection subassembly 12 and is discharged outside gasifier 2, and semicoke is then introduced in the gasification district. Taking coal as an example of a material to be heated, the retention time of the coal in the drying zone is 30-45 minutes, the retention time in the pyrolysis zone is 30-45 minutes, and the retention time in the gasification zone 22 is 50-60 minutes, and the specific retention time and the temperature of each reaction zone can be adjusted according to actual application conditions so as to achieve the optimal product yield and conversion rate. In addition, it should be noted that the heating gas-collecting device 1 can be applied to the field of processing municipal solid waste and the mixture of the municipal solid waste and coal.

It will be appreciated that the material to be heated is reacted in each reaction zone in a moving bed, and the coal distribution means 28 provided in the gasification zone 22 may be implemented as a slow rotating grate, which rotates to feed the material from the pyrolysis zone to the gasification zone 22. It will be appreciated that the bed height and material residence time of each zone can be controlled by adjusting the treatment rate of the coal distribution means 28 and/or the slag discharge means 29. Preferably, the processing scale of the gasification furnace 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention is 800 to 1000 tons/day.

The heating assembly 10 may include a heating body through which a heating medium flows, and as shown in fig. 2, 3, 6 and 7, the heating body includes a plurality of heating pipes 100 arranged at intervals in a straight pipe shape, and the heating assembly 10 may include an inlet manifold assembly 102 and an outlet manifold assembly 104, which are respectively communicated with the plurality of heating pipes 100, and through which the heating medium enters and exits. Thus, the heating medium is introduced into each heating tube 100 by the inlet manifold assembly 102, and then collected by each heating tube 100 to the outlet manifold assembly 104 and discharged by the outlet manifold assembly 104. It is understood that, in the gasification furnace 2, the heating pipe 100 may be made to extend in the height direction of the gasification furnace 2. Preferably, the discharge manifold assembly 104 may be located below the intake manifold assembly 102 such that the heating medium may be co-currently heating the material to be heated, such as coal.

To facilitate the arrangement of the heating assembly 10 and to improve the heating efficiency of the heating assembly 10, a plurality of heating tubes 100 may be collectively enclosed to form a ring-shaped body. In addition, the heating assembly 10 may include a plurality of the heating bodies, and the plurality of the heating bodies may be arranged at intervals in a radial direction of the ring body.

It will be appreciated that the inlet manifold assembly 102 may comprise a plurality of inlet annular tubes 101 communicating with a plurality of heating tubes 100 of each of said heating bodies, i.e. each of said heating bodies is provided with an inlet annular tube 101 communicating with a plurality of heating tubes 100 of the corresponding heating body, and that the inlet manifold assembly 102 may further comprise an inlet manifold 105 communicating with each inlet annular tube 101, the inlet manifold 105 being adapted to introduce a heating medium into each inlet annular tube 101, wherein the inlet manifold 105 may extend in the radial direction of said annular body. For a smoother introduction of the heating medium, a plurality of inlet manifolds 105 may be provided, and the plurality of inlet manifolds 105 may be spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the annular body.

In addition, the exhaust manifold assembly 104 may include a plurality of exhaust annular pipes 103 respectively communicating with the plurality of heating pipes 100 of each heating body, that is, each heating body is provided with an exhaust annular pipe 103 communicating with the plurality of heating pipes 100 of the corresponding heating body, the exhaust annular pipe 103 may be spaced apart from the corresponding inlet annular pipe 101 in the axial direction of the annular body, the exhaust manifold assembly 104 may further include an exhaust manifold 107 communicating with each exhaust annular pipe 103, and the exhaust annular pipe 103 and the inlet annular pipe 101 may be spaced apart in the axial direction of the annular body. The discharge manifold 107 can conduct the heating medium out of the individual discharge ring pipes 103. Wherein the discharge manifold 107 may extend in the radial direction of said annulus. In order to more smoothly discharge the heating medium, a plurality of discharge manifolds 107 may be provided, and the plurality of discharge manifolds 107 may be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the annular body.

Referring to fig. 4, 5 and 8, the gas collecting assembly 12 may include a gas collecting body including at least one gas collecting pipe 120 in a straight pipe shape, the gas collecting pipe 120 may correspond to the extending direction of the heating pipe 100, it is understood that the gas collecting pipe 120 may extend along the height direction of the furnace body 20, and gas inlet holes 122 for gas generated from the heated material such as coal may be opened on the gas collecting pipe 120, preferably, a plurality of gas inlet holes 122 may be provided on the gas collecting pipe 120, the gas collecting assembly 12 may further include a discharge manifold assembly 124 communicated with the gas collecting pipe 120 for discharging the gas, it is understood that water vapor generated from heating the material such as coal may enter the gas inlet holes 122 and then be discharged through the discharge manifold assembly 124, so that water vapor generated from drying the material such as coal or pyrolysis gas generated from pyrolysis gas may be separately collected, and other components are not mixed in the water, and subsequent purification treatment is basically not needed. As shown in fig. 8, a dam cap 126 capable of blocking the entrance of material into the air intake hole 122 may be provided above the air intake hole 122.

It should be noted that, when the gas collecting main body includes a plurality of gas collecting pipes 120, the plurality of gas collecting pipes 120 may be arranged at intervals, and the plurality of gas collecting pipes 120 may together enclose to form an annular body.

In addition, when the heating assembly 10 includes a plurality of the heating bodies and the gas collecting assembly 12 includes a plurality of the gas collecting bodies, the plurality of the heating bodies and the plurality of the gas collecting bodies are alternately distributed along the radial direction of the annular body. That is, the remaining gas collecting bodies may be located between the adjacent heating bodies except for the one gas collecting tube 120 distributed along the central axis of the annular body, so that the material to be heated, such as coal, during the falling process can be better heated by the heating assembly 10, and simultaneously the steam generated after the heating can be better collected by the gas collecting assembly 12.

As shown in fig. 4, the discharge manifold assembly 124 may include a plurality of discharge circular pipes 121 respectively communicated with the plurality of gas collecting pipes 120 of each gas collecting body, that is, each gas collecting body is provided with a discharge circular pipe 121 communicated with the plurality of gas collecting pipes 120 of the corresponding gas collecting body, the discharge circular pipe 121 may be disposed at a middle position of the gas collecting pipe 120, and the discharge manifold assembly 124 may further include a discharge manifold 123 communicating each discharge circular pipe 121, thereby discharging the gas collected by the plurality of gas collecting pipes 120 of the corresponding gas collecting body, wherein the discharge manifold 123 may extend in a radial direction of the circular body. Preferably, a plurality of outlet manifolds 123 may be provided, and the plurality of outlet manifolds 123 may be spaced apart along the circumference of the annular body.

In addition, the gasifier 2 may include piping for introducing the syngas generated in the gasification zone 22 to the inlet of the heating assembly 10 located in the drying zone, such as the inlet of the inlet manifold 105, and the inlet of the heating assembly 10 located in the pyrolysis zone, such as the inlet of the inlet manifold 105, respectively. That is, a syngas outlet 27 may be provided in the gasification zone 22, through which syngas outlet 27 syngas is introduced into the heating assembly 10 as a heating medium after exiting the gasification zone 22. Therefore, the heat released by the synthesis gas generated in the gasification area can be fully utilized, thereby saving energy and achieving the purpose of environmental protection. Specifically, the syngas exiting the syngas outlet 27 may be directed to the inlet manifold 105 in the drying zone and the gasification zone, respectively.

The invention also provides a gasification method, wherein the material to be gasified enters the gasification furnace 2 for gasification, preferably, the material to be gasified can enter the gasification furnace 2 provided by the invention for gasification, the gasification furnace 2 comprises a furnace body 20, a gasification zone 22 and a heating zone positioned above the gasification zone 22 are arranged in the furnace body 20, and the gasification method comprises the following steps: step S10, feeding the material to be gasified, such as coal, into the heating zone, heating the material to be gasified and collecting gas generated during heating the material; step S20, the material leaves the heating zone and enters the gasification zone 22 for gasification.

In addition, the heating zone may include a drying zone to be located in the pyrolysis zone between the gasification zone 22 and the drying zone, and the step S10 includes: before the materials enter the gasification zone, the materials enter the drying zone to be dried, then the dried materials enter the pyrolysis zone, the materials to be gasified are heated, the materials are thermally decomposed, and pyrolysis gas generated by thermal decomposition is collected.

It will be appreciated that the material to be gasified, for example coal, first enters the drying zone, gas such as water vapour is generated under the heating action of the heating assembly 10, and the generated gas is collected under the action of the gas collection assembly 12, in the drying zone, for example coal, for 30-45 minutes, and the falling coal can be sealed as coal to avoid aeration between the drying zone and the pyrolysis zone, thereby allowing the gas generated during drying to be collected separately and not to enter the adjacent pyrolysis zone; then, the dried material falls into the pyrolysis zone, similarly, pyrolysis reaction is carried out under the heating action of the heating component 10 to generate pyrolysis gas and semicoke, the gas collection component 12 collects the generated pyrolysis gas, and the semicoke falls into the gasification zone 22 along with the material to be gasified, taking coal as an example, the coal can stay in the pyrolysis zone for 30-45 minutes, and the falling coal can be used as coal seal to avoid ventilation between the gasification zone 22 and the pyrolysis zone, so that the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis process can be separately collected and can not enter the adjacent gasification zone; the pyrolysis-finished material falls into the gasification zone 22 for gasification, taking coal as an example, the retention time in the gasification zone 22 is 50-60 minutes, and the synthesis gas generated in the gasification zone can be respectively used as a heating medium to be introduced into the heating assembly 10 in the drying zone and the heating assembly 10 in the pyrolysis zone. It will be appreciated that the temperature of the heating medium introduced into the heating assembly 10 may be selected according to the actual requirements, such that the materials react differently in different regions.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, numerous simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of the individual specific technical features in any suitable way. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. Such simple modifications and combinations should be considered within the scope of the present disclosure as well.

Claims (11)

1. A gasification furnace is characterized in that the gasification furnace (2) comprises a furnace body (20), a gasification zone (22) and a heating zone positioned above the gasification zone (22) are arranged in the furnace body (20), a heating and gas-collecting device (1) is arranged in the heating area, the heating and gas-collecting device (1) comprises a heating component (10), the heating component (10) is configured to heat materials, the heating gas collecting device (1) further comprises a gas collecting component (12), a circulation space for materials to pass through is formed between the gas collection component (12) and the heating component (10), and the gas collection assembly (12) is arranged to collect gas generated by material passing through the flow-through space and heated by the heating assembly (10), the material leaving the heating zone being capable of entering the gasification zone (22) for gasification to produce synthesis gas;

the heating assembly (10) comprises a heating main body for circulating a heating medium, the heating main body comprises a plurality of straight pipe-shaped heating pipes (100) which are arranged at intervals, the heating assembly (10) comprises an inlet main pipe assembly (102) and an outlet main pipe assembly (104) which are respectively communicated with the plurality of heating pipes (100) and used for allowing the heating medium to enter and discharge, and the plurality of heating pipes (100) are jointly encircled to form a ring;

the gas collecting assembly (12) comprises a gas collecting main body, the gas collecting main body comprises at least one straight tubular gas collecting pipe (120), the extending direction of the gas collecting pipe (120) is consistent with the extending direction of the heating pipe (100), a gas inlet hole (122) for gas generated by heated materials to enter is formed in the gas collecting pipe (120), and the gas collecting assembly (12) further comprises a guide-out header pipe assembly (124) communicated with the gas collecting pipe (120) and used for discharging the gas from the gasification furnace (2); wherein:

the heating main bodies and the gas collecting main bodies are alternately distributed along the radial direction of the annular body.

2. The gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein the gas collecting body comprises a material blocking cover (126) which is arranged above the gas inlet hole (122) and can block materials from entering the gas inlet hole (122).

3. The gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein when the gas collecting main body comprises a plurality of gas collecting pipes (120), the plurality of gas collecting pipes (120) are arranged at intervals, and the plurality of gas collecting pipes (120) jointly enclose to form an annular body;

the heating assembly (10) comprises a plurality of heating main bodies, the gas collecting assembly (12) comprises a plurality of gas collecting main bodies, and the plurality of heating main bodies and the plurality of gas collecting main bodies are alternately distributed along the radial direction of the annular body.

4. The gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that said intake manifold assembly (102) comprises a plurality of intake annular pipes (101) respectively communicating with a plurality of said heating pipes (100) of each of said heating bodies, and an intake manifold (105) communicating each of said intake annular pipes (101); and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the discharge header pipe assembly (104) comprises a plurality of discharge annular pipes (103) respectively communicated with the heating pipes (100) of each heating body and a discharge header pipe (107) communicated with each discharge annular pipe (103), and the discharge annular pipes (103) and the inlet annular pipes (101) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the annular body.

5. The gasifier according to claim 4, characterized in that said intake manifold (105) extends in the radial direction of said annular body; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the discharge manifold (107) extends in the radial direction of the annular body.

6. The gasifier according to claim 5, characterized in that the inlet manifold assembly (102) comprises a plurality of inlet manifolds (105), the inlet manifolds (105) being spaced circumferentially of the annular body; and/or

The discharge manifold assembly (104) comprises a plurality of discharge manifolds (107), and the plurality of discharge manifolds (107) are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular body.

7. The gasification furnace according to claim 3, wherein the discharge header assembly (124) comprises a plurality of discharge ring pipes (121) respectively communicating with the plurality of gas collecting pipes (120) of each gas collecting body, and a discharge header (123) communicating the respective discharge ring pipes (121).

8. A gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the heating zone comprises a drying zone and a pyrolysis zone located between the gasification zone (22) and the drying zone, the drying zone and/or pyrolysis zone being provided with the heated gas collecting device (1).

9. A gasifier according to claim 8, characterized in that said gasification zone (22) is provided with a syngas outlet (27), through which syngas outlet (27) syngas is led into said heating assembly (10) as heating medium after leaving said gasification zone (22).

10. A gasification method, characterized in that gasification is performed by using the gasification furnace (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the material to be gasified is fed into the gasification furnace (2) to be gasified, the gasification furnace (2) comprises a furnace body (20), a gasification zone (22) and a heating zone located above the gasification zone (22) are arranged in the furnace body (20), and the gasification method comprises:

step S10, the material to be gasified enters the heating area, the material to be gasified is heated, and gas generated when the material is heated is collected;

step S20, the material leaves the heating area and enters the gasification area (22) for gasification.

11. The gasification process of claim 10, wherein the heating zone comprises a drying zone and a pyrolysis zone located between the gasification zone (22) and the drying zone, and the step S10 comprises:

and before the materials enter the gasification area, the materials enter the drying area to be dried, then the dried materials enter the pyrolysis area, the materials are heated to be thermally decomposed, and pyrolysis gas generated by thermal decomposition is collected.

Images