CN112126094A - Ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112126094A CN112126094A CN202010980132.0A CN202010980132A CN112126094A CN 112126094 A CN112126094 A CN 112126094A CN 202010980132 A CN202010980132 A CN 202010980132A CN 112126094 A CN112126094 A CN 112126094A
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- solar cell
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- cell back
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- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- QMQZIXCNLUPEIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-imidazole-2-carbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=NC=CN1 QMQZIXCNLUPEIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- HXBOHZQZTWAEHJ-DUXPYHPUSA-N (e)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(F)C(F)=C1 HXBOHZQZTWAEHJ-DUXPYHPUSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- LFEWXDOYPCWFHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-carboxybenzoyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 LFEWXDOYPCWFHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- DGJKGEKUMAKNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl-(4-prop-2-enoxy-2-trimethylsilyloxyphenyl)methanone Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC(OCC=C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DGJKGEKUMAKNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XGDRLCRGKUCBQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-imidazole-4,5-dicarbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC=1N=CNC=1C#N XGDRLCRGKUCBQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- LAMUXTNQCICZQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropan-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCCl LAMUXTNQCICZQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WSXIMVDZMNWNRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony;ethane-1,2-diol Chemical compound [Sb].OCCO WSXIMVDZMNWNRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JYLCVRHQTJPCTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-4-(2-methylprop-2-enoylamino)benzoic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(O)=C1 JYLCVRHQTJPCTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JVLRYPRBKSMEBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diacetyloxystibanyl acetate Chemical compound [Sb+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O JVLRYPRBKSMEBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SULCVUWEGVSCPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L europium(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Eu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O SULCVUWEGVSCPF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- PQDNJBQKAXAXBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-fluoropropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)CF PQDNJBQKAXAXBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGXGWGOYUVADDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(but-2-enoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound CC=CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(O)=C1 BGXGWGOYUVADDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 imidazolium salt cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical group FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F230/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
- C08F230/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal
- C08F230/08—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal containing silicon
- C08F230/085—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal containing silicon the monomer being a polymerisable silane, e.g. (meth)acryloyloxy trialkoxy silanes or vinyl trialkoxysilanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/68—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
- C08G63/685—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing nitrogen
- C08G63/6854—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing nitrogen derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/6856—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
- C08J3/246—Intercrosslinking of at least two polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/28—Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08J2443/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2443/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing silicon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: step S1, preparation of a cyano imidazole based diol polycondensation monomer, step S2, preparation of a functional polycondensate, step S3, preparation of a functional copolymer, step S4, molding of a backsheet film. The invention also provides the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film prepared by the preparation method of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film and application of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film in packaging solar cell modules. The ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back plate film disclosed by the invention has the advantages of better performance stability, more excellent comprehensive performance, better ultraviolet aging resistance, barrier property and mechanical property, longer service life, and higher economic value, social value and ecological value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar cell modules, in particular to an ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the progress of society and the deep understanding of environmental problems and energy problems, renewable clean new energy devices are rapidly developed, and people pay more and more attention to clean renewable energy and clean energy devices. Solar cells are receiving more and more attention as common renewable clean energy devices. Solar cells are devices that directly convert light energy into electrical energy through photoelectric or photochemical effects, are one of the effective approaches to solve ecological, environmental pollution and energy shortage, and are widely used in military, aerospace, industrial, commercial, agricultural, communication, household appliances, and public facilities.
The solar cell is generally formed by hot pressing of glass, cell silicon wafers, EVA and a back plate membrane material. The back plate film is positioned on the outermost layer of the back surface of the solar cell, has the functions of ensuring that the solar cell operates under a closed condition, reducing the environmental influence and prolonging the service life of the solar cell, is an important component of the solar cell, is one of important components of the solar cell in cost, and is one of key factors restricting the further development of the solar cell. An ideal solar cell back sheet film is required to have a high barrier property in addition to excellent electrical insulation property, oxidation resistance, moisture resistance, and long-term prevention of hydrolysis of an adhesive.
The back plate film in the prior art is of a multilayer composite structure, and is manufactured by taking a polyester film as a base material film and coating a fluorine-containing material such as a polyvinyl fluoride film, a polyvinylidene fluoride film or a coating fluorocarbon resin, but the fluorine material is expensive, the production process is complex, the surface free energy is very low, the adhesive property with other materials is very poor, the interlayer peeling strength with a core layer material is poor, the back plate is easy to fall off, and the prepared back plate is poor in adhesive property, low in electric insulating property, easy to embrittle and tear. On the other hand, the layers are bonded by adopting an adhesive, but the ester bonding layer has large yellow ultraviolet weather resistance and is easy to hydrolyze, and the performance is seriously attenuated after aging.
The Chinese invention patent with the application number of 201310236115.6 discloses a hybrid polymer material for a solar cell back plate, which can be used for producing a single-layer solar cell back plate, wherein the hybrid copolymer comprises (I) functional powder consisting of europium carbonate and graphene oxide in a specific mass ratio (between 0.3 and 0.65: 1) and (II) a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing isophthalic acid, 2, 6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 3-fluoro-1, 2-propanediol and 1, 4-butanediol, and the functional powder is added in the synthesis process of the copolymer. The single-layer solar cell backboard prepared by the material reduces the process complexity during the production of the solar cell backboard, avoids the use of an adhesive, and has excellent barrier resistance and mechanical properties. However, the material has poor ultraviolet aging resistance, and europium element is introduced in the preparation process, so that the material has radioactivity and harms public safety. And europium carbonate is dissolved in water and is easy to run off in the using process, so that the performance stability is poor.
Therefore, it is important to find a more effective method to prepare the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film with better performance stability, better comprehensive performance, better ultraviolet aging resistance and barrier property and lower cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film and a preparation method thereof. The ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film prepared by the preparation method has the advantages of better performance stability, more excellent comprehensive performance, better ultraviolet aging resistance, barrier property and mechanical property, longer service life, higher economic value, social value and ecological value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the preparation method of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, preparation of a cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer: adding 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole and 3-chloro-1-propanol into an organic solvent, stirring and reacting for 6-8 hours at 50-70 ℃, then performing rotary evaporation to remove the solvent, washing the product for 3-6 times by using diethyl ether, and finally performing rotary evaporation to remove the residual solvent and the diethyl ether to obtain the cyanoimidazole base diol polycondensation monomer;
step S2, preparation of functional polycondensate: adding the cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer prepared in the step S1, benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid and a catalyst into a high boiling point solvent to form a solution, adding the solution into a polymerization reaction kettle, replacing air in the kettle with inert gas, sealing, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 230-250 ℃ under 0.1-0.3MPa for 2-3 hours to perform esterification reaction, then reducing the pressure to 100-300Pa, performing polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 260-280 ℃ for 10-13 hours, then cooling to room temperature, adjusting to normal pressure, discharging, precipitating a crude product in water, washing the precipitated polymer with ethylene glycol for 4-8 times, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 85-95 ℃ to dry to constant weight to obtain a functional polycondensate;
step S3, preparation of functional copolymer: adding 4-methacrylamide salicylic acid, 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone, 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid and an initiator into N-methylpyrrolidone, stirring and reacting for 3-5 hours at 75-85 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, then precipitating in water, washing the precipitated polymer with ethanol for 3-7 times, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven for drying at 85-98 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a functional copolymer;
step S4, forming a backsheet film: and (4) adding the functional polycondensate prepared in the step S2 and the functional copolymer prepared in the step S3 into a double-screw extruder for melting, preparing a film material through a clothes-hanger type T-die, a chrome-plated calendering roller, a drying roller and other equipment, and then placing the film material in a radiation environment for surface radiation crosslinking to prepare a solar cell backboard film finished product.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole, the 3-chloro-1-propanol and the organic solvent in the step S1 is 1:2 (9-15).
Preferably, the organic solvent is any one of diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, acetone and tetrahydrofuran.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer, the benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid, the catalyst and the high boiling point solvent in the step S2 is 1:1 (0.8-1.2): 10-16.
Preferably, the catalyst is one or two of ethylene glycol antimony and antimony acetate.
Preferably, the high boiling point solvent is at least one of dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide and N-methylpyrrolidone.
Preferably, the inert gas is any one of helium, neon, argon and nitrogen.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the 4-methacrylamidosalicylic acid, the 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxydiphenylketone, the 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid, the initiator and the N-methylpyrrolidone in the step S3 is 1 (2-3):1 (0.02-0.03): 9-15).
Preferably, the initiator is at least one of azobisisobutyronitrile and azobisisoheptonitrile.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the functional polycondensate to the functional copolymer in step S4 is 1 (0.4-0.6).
Preferably, the melting temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 230-250 ℃.
Preferably, the radiation source for radiation crosslinking is an electron beam, the radiation energy is 4 MeV-13 MeV, and the radiation dose is 50 KGy-220 KGy.
The invention also aims to provide the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film prepared according to the preparation method of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film.
The invention further aims to provide application of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film in packaging solar cell modules.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the preparation method of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film provided by the invention is simple in process, low in cost, high in production efficiency and suitable for continuous large-scale production.
(2) The ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film overcomes the defects that the traditional solar cell back panel film is expensive, the production process is complex, the surface free energy is very low, the bonding performance with other materials is very poor, the interlayer peeling strength with a core layer material is poor, the back panel is easy to fall off, the prepared back panel is poor in bonding performance, low in electric insulation, easy to embrittle and tear, and the layers are bonded by an adhesive, but the ester bonding layer is large in ultraviolet weather resistance and easy to hydrolyze, the performance attenuation after aging is serious, and the environment is greatly influenced after abandonment.
(3) The invention provides an ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film, which adopts a functional condensation polymer prepared by condensation polymerization reaction of cyano imidazole base diol condensation monomers and benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid as a part of a film substrate, and can effectively improve the flame retardance, weather resistance and ultraviolet aging resistance of the film, improve the antistatic property and antibacterial property of the film and further effectively prolong the service life of the film while ensuring excellent mechanical property due to introduction of imidazole salt and benzophenone structures on a molecular main chain.
(4) According to the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film, 4-methylacrylamidosalicylic acid, 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone and 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid are copolymerized to prepare a functional copolymer, and due to the multiple effects of the electronic effect, the steric effect and the conjugation effect of each comonomer, the prepared film material is good in comprehensive performance, excellent in ultraviolet aging resistance and good in performance stability; the introduced fluorobenzene structure can further improve the comprehensive performance, and can obtain better performance of the traditional fluorine-containing back plate film with lower cost.
(5) According to the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film provided by the invention, imidazolium salt cations on the functional condensation polymer are connected with carboxyl on the functional copolymer through ionic bonds to form a three-dimensional network structure, so that the comprehensive performance is effectively improved; the introduced ionic bond structures can not reduce the electrical insulation of the material, but can improve the surface activity of the film, enhance the connection performance of the film and other materials, facilitate the packaging of the solar cell and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and normal working stability of the solar cell; the film layer is further crosslinked through radiation, and the comprehensive performance is improved.
(6) The ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film provided by the invention is an integrated film material, and simultaneously has the weather resistant and blocking effects in one film, so that the adverse effect of delamination among multiple films on a solar cell is effectively avoided, meanwhile, the cost is reduced, the durability of the back panel film is improved, and the service life of the back panel film is prolonged.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention will be made.
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Embodiment 1 provides a method for preparing an ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, preparation of a cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer: adding 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole and 3-chloro-1-propanol into an organic solvent, stirring and reacting for 6 hours at 50 ℃, then performing rotary evaporation to remove the solvent, washing the product for 3 times by using diethyl ether, and finally performing rotary evaporation to remove the residual solvent and the diethyl ether to obtain the cyanoimidazolate base diol polycondensation monomer;
step S2, preparation of functional polycondensate: adding the cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer prepared in the step S1, benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid and a catalyst into a high boiling point solvent to form a solution, adding the solution into a polymerization reaction kettle, replacing air in the kettle with inert gas, sealing, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 230 ℃ under 0.1MPa for 2 hours to perform esterification reaction, then reducing the pressure to 100Pa, performing polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 260 ℃ for 10 hours, then cooling to room temperature, adjusting to normal pressure, discharging, precipitating a crude product in water, washing the precipitated polymer with ethylene glycol for 4 times, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 85 ℃ to dry to constant weight to obtain a functional polycondensate;
step S3, preparation of functional copolymer: adding 4-methacrylamide salicylic acid, 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone, 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid and an initiator into N-methylpyrrolidone, stirring and reacting for 3 hours at 75 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, then precipitating in water, washing the precipitated polymer for 3 times by using ethanol, and then placing the washed polymer in a vacuum drying oven at 85 ℃ for drying until the weight is constant to obtain a functional copolymer;
step S4, forming a backsheet film: and (4) adding the functional polycondensate prepared in the step S2 and the functional copolymer prepared in the step S3 into a double-screw extruder for melting, preparing a film material through a clothes-hanger type T-die, a chrome-plated calendering roller, a drying roller and other equipment, and then placing the film material in a radiation environment for surface radiation crosslinking to prepare a solar cell backboard film finished product.
The molar ratio of the 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole, the 3-chloro-1-propanol and the organic solvent in the step S1 is 1:2: 9; the organic solvent is diethyl ether.
In the step S2, the molar ratio of the cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer to the benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid to the catalyst to the high-boiling solvent is 1:1:0.8: 10; the catalyst is ethylene glycol antimony; the high boiling point solvent is dimethyl sulfoxide; the inert gas is helium.
In the step S3, the mass ratio of the 4-methacrylamide salicylic acid to the 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone to the 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid to the initiator to the N-methylpyrrolidone is 1:2:1:0.02: 9; the initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile.
The mass ratio of the functional polycondensate to the functional copolymer in the step S4 is 1: 0.4; the melting temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 230 ℃; the radiation source for radiation crosslinking is an electron beam, the radiation energy is 4MeV, and the radiation dose is 50 KGy.
The ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film is prepared according to the preparation method of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film.
The application of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film in packaging solar cell modules.
Example 2
Embodiment 2 provides a method for preparing an ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, preparation of a cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer: adding 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole and 3-chloro-1-propanol into an organic solvent, stirring and reacting for 6.5 hours at 55 ℃, then performing rotary evaporation to remove the solvent, washing the product for 4 times by using diethyl ether, and finally performing rotary evaporation to remove the residual solvent and the diethyl ether to obtain the cyanoimidazolate base diol polycondensation monomer;
step S2, preparation of functional polycondensate: adding the cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer prepared in the step S1, benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid and a catalyst into a high boiling point solvent to form a solution, adding the solution into a polymerization reaction kettle, replacing air in the kettle with inert gas, sealing, stirring and reacting at 235 ℃ under 0.15MPa for 2.3 hours to perform esterification reaction, then reducing the pressure to 150Pa, performing polycondensation reaction at 265 ℃ for 11 hours, cooling to room temperature, adjusting to normal pressure, discharging, precipitating a crude product in water, washing the precipitated polymer with ethylene glycol for 5 times, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven at 87 ℃ to dry to constant weight to obtain a functional condensation polymer;
step S3, preparation of functional copolymer: adding 4-methacrylamide salicylic acid, 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone, 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid and an initiator into N-methylpyrrolidone, stirring and reacting for 3.5 hours at 77 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, then precipitating in water, washing the precipitated polymer for 4 times by using ethanol, and then placing the polymer in a vacuum drying oven for drying at 87 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a functional copolymer;
step S4, forming a backsheet film: and (4) adding the functional polycondensate prepared in the step S2 and the functional copolymer prepared in the step S3 into a double-screw extruder for melting, preparing a film material through a clothes-hanger type T-die, a chrome-plated calendering roller, a drying roller and other equipment, and then placing the film material in a radiation environment for surface radiation crosslinking to prepare a solar cell backboard film finished product.
The molar ratio of the 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole, the 3-chloro-1-propanol and the organic solvent in the step S1 is 1:2: 11; the organic solvent is ethyl acetate.
In the step S2, the molar ratio of the cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer to the benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid to the catalyst to the high-boiling solvent is 1:1:0.9: 12; the catalyst is antimony acetate; the high boiling point solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide; the inert gas is neon.
In the step S3, the mass ratio of the 4-methacrylamidosalicylic acid to the 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone to the 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid to the initiator to the N-methylpyrrolidone is 1:2.3:1:0.023: 11; the initiator is azobisisoheptonitrile.
The mass ratio of the functional polycondensate to the functional copolymer in the step S4 is 1: 0.45; the melting temperature of the double-screw extruder is 235 ℃; the radiation source for radiation crosslinking is an electron beam, the radiation energy is 6MeV, and the radiation dose is 90 KGy.
The ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film is prepared according to the preparation method of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film.
The application of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film in packaging solar cell modules.
Example 3
Embodiment 3 provides a method for preparing an ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, preparation of a cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer: adding 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole and 3-chloro-1-propanol into an organic solvent, stirring and reacting for 7 hours at 60 ℃, then performing rotary evaporation to remove the solvent, washing the product for 4 times by using diethyl ether, and finally performing rotary evaporation to remove the residual solvent and the diethyl ether to obtain the cyanoimidazolate base diol polycondensation monomer;
step S2, preparation of functional polycondensate: adding the cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer prepared in the step S1, benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid and a catalyst into a high boiling point solvent to form a solution, adding the solution into a polymerization reaction kettle, replacing air in the kettle with inert gas, sealing, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 240 ℃ under 0.2MPa for 2.5 hours to perform esterification reaction, then reducing the pressure to 200Pa, performing polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 270 ℃ for 11.5 hours, then cooling to room temperature, adjusting to normal pressure, discharging, precipitating a crude product in water, washing the precipitated polymer with ethylene glycol for 6 times, and then drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 90 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a polycondensate function;
step S3, preparation of functional copolymer: adding 4-methacrylamide salicylic acid, 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone, 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid and an initiator into N-methylpyrrolidone, stirring and reacting for 4 hours at 80 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, then precipitating in water, washing the precipitated polymer for 5 times by using ethanol, and then drying the washed polymer in a vacuum drying oven at 90 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a functional copolymer;
step S4, forming a backsheet film: and (4) adding the functional polycondensate prepared in the step S2 and the functional copolymer prepared in the step S3 into a double-screw extruder for melting, preparing a film material through a clothes-hanger type T-die, a chrome-plated calendering roller, a drying roller and other equipment, and then placing the film material in a radiation environment for surface radiation crosslinking to prepare a solar cell backboard film finished product.
The molar ratio of the 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole, the 3-chloro-1-propanol and the organic solvent in the step S1 is 1:2: 12; the organic solvent is acetone.
In the step S2, the molar ratio of the cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer to the benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid to the catalyst to the high-boiling solvent is 1:1:1: 14; the catalyst is ethylene glycol antimony; the high boiling point solvent is N, N-dimethylacetamide; the inert gas is argon.
In the step S3, the mass ratio of the 4-methacrylamide salicylic acid to the 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone to the 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid to the initiator to the N-methylpyrrolidone is 1:2.5:1:0.025: 13; the initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile.
The mass ratio of the functional polycondensate to the functional copolymer in the step S4 is 1: 0.5; the melting temperature of the double-screw extruder is 240 ℃; the radiation source for radiation crosslinking is an electron beam, the radiation energy is 10MeV, and the radiation dose is 150 KGy.
The ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film is prepared according to the preparation method of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film.
The application of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film in packaging solar cell modules.
Example 4
Embodiment 4 provides a method for preparing an ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, preparation of a cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer: adding 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole and 3-chloro-1-propanol into an organic solvent, stirring and reacting for 7.5 hours at 65 ℃, then performing rotary evaporation to remove the solvent, washing the product for 5 times by using diethyl ether, and finally performing rotary evaporation to remove the residual solvent and the diethyl ether to obtain the cyanoimidazolate base diol polycondensation monomer;
step S2, preparation of functional polycondensate: adding the cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer prepared in the step S1, benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid and a catalyst into a high boiling point solvent to form a solution, adding the solution into a polymerization reaction kettle, replacing air in the kettle with inert gas, sealing, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 0.25MPa and 245 ℃ for 2.8 hours to perform esterification reaction, then reducing the pressure to 250Pa, performing polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 275 ℃ for 12.5 hours, then cooling to room temperature, adjusting to normal pressure, discharging, precipitating a crude product in water, washing the precipitated polymer with ethylene glycol for 7 times, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 93 ℃ to dry to constant weight to obtain a polycondensate function;
step S3, preparation of functional copolymer: adding 4-methacrylamide salicylic acid, 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone, 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid and an initiator into N-methylpyrrolidone, stirring and reacting for 4.5 hours at 83 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, then precipitating in water, washing the precipitated polymer for 6 times by using ethanol, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven for drying at 96 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a functional copolymer;
step S4, forming a backsheet film: and (4) adding the functional polycondensate prepared in the step S2 and the functional copolymer prepared in the step S3 into a double-screw extruder for melting, preparing a film material through a clothes-hanger type T-die, a chrome-plated calendering roller, a drying roller and other equipment, and then placing the film material in a radiation environment for surface radiation crosslinking to prepare a solar cell backboard film finished product.
The molar ratio of the 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole, the 3-chloro-1-propanol and the organic solvent in the step S1 is 1:2: 14; the organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran.
In the step S2, the molar ratio of the cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer to the benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid to the catalyst to the high-boiling solvent is 1:1:1.1: 15; the catalyst is formed by mixing ethylene glycol antimony and antimony acetate according to the mass ratio of 3: 5; the high-boiling-point solvent is formed by mixing dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide and N-methylpyrrolidone according to a mass ratio of 1:2:3: 2; the inert gas is nitrogen.
In the step S3, the mass ratio of the 4-methacrylamide salicylic acid to the 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone to the 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid to the initiator to the N-methylpyrrolidone is 1:2.8:1:0.028: 14; the initiator is formed by mixing azodiisobutyronitrile and azodiisoheptonitrile according to the mass ratio of 3: 5.
The mass ratio of the functional polycondensate to the functional copolymer in the step S4 is 1: 0.55; the melting temperature of the double-screw extruder is 245 ℃; the radiation source for radiation crosslinking is an electron beam, the radiation energy is 12MeV, and the radiation dose is 200 KGy.
The ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film is prepared according to the preparation method of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film.
The application of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film in packaging solar cell modules.
Example 5
Embodiment 5 provides a method for preparing an ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back sheet film, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, preparation of a cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer: adding 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole and 3-chloro-1-propanol into an organic solvent, stirring and reacting for 8 hours at 0 ℃, then performing rotary evaporation to remove the solvent, washing the product for 6 times by using diethyl ether, and finally performing rotary evaporation to remove the residual solvent and the diethyl ether to obtain the cyanoimidazolate base diol polycondensation monomer;
step S2, preparation of functional polycondensate: adding the cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer prepared in the step S1, benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid and a catalyst into a high boiling point solvent to form a solution, adding the solution into a polymerization reaction kettle, replacing air in the kettle with inert gas, sealing, stirring and reacting at 0.3MPa and 250 ℃ for 3 hours to perform esterification reaction, then reducing the pressure to 300Pa, performing polycondensation reaction at 280 ℃ for 13 hours, then cooling to room temperature, adjusting to normal pressure, discharging, precipitating a crude product in water, washing the precipitated polymer with ethylene glycol for 8 times, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven at 95 ℃ to dry to constant weight to obtain a functional polycondensate;
step S3, preparation of functional copolymer: adding 4-methacrylamide salicylic acid, 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone, 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid and an initiator into N-methylpyrrolidone, stirring and reacting for 5 hours at 85 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, then precipitating in water, washing the precipitated polymer with ethanol for 7 times, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven for drying at 98 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a functional copolymer;
step S4, forming a backsheet film: and (4) adding the functional polycondensate prepared in the step S2 and the functional copolymer prepared in the step S3 into a double-screw extruder for melting, preparing a film material through a clothes-hanger type T-die, a chrome-plated calendering roller, a drying roller and other equipment, and then placing the film material in a radiation environment for surface radiation crosslinking to prepare a solar cell backboard film finished product.
The molar ratio of the 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole, the 3-chloro-1-propanol and the organic solvent in the step S1 is 1:2: 15; the organic solvent is diethyl ether.
In the step S2, the molar ratio of the cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer to the benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid to the catalyst to the high-boiling solvent is 1:1:1.2: 16; the catalyst is ethylene glycol antimony; the high boiling point solvent is N-methyl pyrrolidone; the inert gas is nitrogen.
In the step S3, the mass ratio of the 4-methacrylamide salicylic acid to the 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone to the 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid to the initiator to the N-methylpyrrolidone is 1:3:1:0.03: 15; the initiator is azobisisoheptonitrile.
The mass ratio of the functional polycondensate to the functional copolymer in the step S4 is 1: 0.6; the melting temperature of the double-screw extruder is 250 ℃; the radiation source for radiation crosslinking is an electron beam, the radiation energy is 13MeV, and the radiation dose is 220 KGy.
The ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film is prepared according to the preparation method of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film.
The application of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film in packaging solar cell modules.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 provides a uv aging resistant solar cell back sheet film, the formulation and preparation method of which are substantially the same as those of example 1, except that no functional polycondensate is added during the formation of the back sheet film at step S4.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 provides an ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back sheet film, the formulation and preparation method of which are substantially the same as those of example 1, except that no functional copolymer is added during the formation of the back sheet film at step S4.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 provides an ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back sheet film, the formulation and preparation method of which are substantially the same as those of example 1, except that 4-methacrylamidosalicylic acid is not added during the preparation of the functional copolymer.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 provides an ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back sheet film, the formulation and preparation method of which are substantially the same as those of example 1, except that 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid is not added during the preparation of the functional copolymer.
The uv aging resistant solar cell backsheet films obtained in the above examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to the relevant performance tests, and the test results and the test methods are shown in table 1. Wherein the anti-UV aging performance is measured by the retention rate of the mechanical strength of the test sample after being irradiated by ultraviolet light for 72 hours in an ultraviolet light aging test box.
TABLE 1
| Item | Anti UV aging | Tensile strength | Weather resistance | Insulating property | Water vapor transmission rate |
| Unit of | % | MPa | 85℃×85%RH, h | KV/mm | g/m2.d |
| Standard of merit | — | GB/T1040-1992 | IEC61215 | ASTMD149 | ASTMF1249 |
| Example 1 | 97.5 | 25.8 | 2370 | 104 | 0.01 |
| Example 2 | 98.2 | 27.2 | 2394 | 106 | 0.01 |
| Example 3 | 98.6 | 29.0 | 2412 | 109 | 0.01 |
| Example 4 | 99.1 | 30.7 | 2428 | 112 | 0.01 |
| Example 5 | 99.4 | 31.5 | 2435 | 113 | 0.01 |
| Comparative example 1 | 90.2 | 19.5 | 1904 | 86 | 0.54 |
| Comparative example 2 | 89.6 | 20.2 | 1883 | 80 | 1.03 |
| Comparative example 3 | 93.1 | 22.6 | 2122 | 93 | 0.16 |
| Comparative example 4 | 92.8 | 22.4 | 2134 | 95 | 0.21 |
As can be seen from table 1, the solar cell back sheet film disclosed in the examples of the present invention has better ultraviolet aging resistance, weather resistance and insulating property than the comparative example product, and has lower water vapor transmission rate, which is a result of the synergistic effect of the components.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back panel film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, preparation of a cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer: adding 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole and 3-chloro-1-propanol into an organic solvent, stirring and reacting for 6-8 hours at 50-70 ℃, then performing rotary evaporation to remove the solvent, washing the product for 3-6 times by using diethyl ether, and finally performing rotary evaporation to remove the residual solvent and the diethyl ether to obtain the cyanoimidazole base diol polycondensation monomer;
step S2, preparation of functional polycondensate: adding the cyano imidazole base diol polycondensation monomer prepared in the step S1, benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid and a catalyst into a high boiling point solvent to form a solution, adding the solution into a polymerization reaction kettle, replacing air in the kettle with inert gas, sealing, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 230-250 ℃ under 0.1-0.3MPa for 2-3 hours to perform esterification reaction, then reducing the pressure to 100-300Pa, performing polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 260-280 ℃ for 10-13 hours, then cooling to room temperature, adjusting to normal pressure, discharging, precipitating a crude product in water, washing the precipitated polymer with ethylene glycol for 4-8 times, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 85-95 ℃ to dry to constant weight to obtain a functional polycondensate;
step S3, preparation of functional copolymer: adding 4-methacrylamide salicylic acid, 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone, 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid and an initiator into N-methylpyrrolidone, stirring and reacting for 3-5 hours at 75-85 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, then precipitating in water, washing the precipitated polymer with ethanol for 3-7 times, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven for drying at 85-98 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a functional copolymer;
step S4, forming a backsheet film: and (4) adding the functional polycondensate prepared in the step S2 and the functional copolymer prepared in the step S3 into a double-screw extruder for melting, preparing a film material through a clothes-hanger type T-die, a chrome-plated calendering roller, a drying roller and other equipment, and then placing the film material in a radiation environment for surface radiation crosslinking to prepare a solar cell backboard film finished product.
2. The method for preparing the solar cell back plate film with the ultraviolet aging resistance, which is characterized in that, in the step S1, the molar ratio of the 4, 5-dicyanoimidazole, the 3-chloro-1-propanol and the organic solvent is 1:2 (9-15); the organic solvent is any one of diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, acetone and tetrahydrofuran.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the cyanoimidazole based diol polycondensation monomer, benzophenone-4, 4' -dicarboxylic acid, catalyst, and high boiling point solvent in step S2 is 1:1 (0.8-1.2): 10-16).
4. The method for preparing the solar cell back plate film with the ultraviolet aging resistance, according to claim 1, characterized in that the catalyst is one or two of ethylene glycol antimony and antimony acetate.
5. The method for preparing the solar cell back plate film with the ultraviolet aging resistance, according to claim 1, characterized in that the high boiling point solvent is at least one of dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide and N-methylpyrrolidone; the inert gas is any one of helium, neon, argon and nitrogen.
6. The method for preparing the back plate film of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the 4-methacrylamidosalicylic acid, the 2-trimethylsiloxy-4-allyloxy diphenyl ketone, the 3, 4-difluorocinnamic acid, the initiator and the N-methylpyrrolidone in step S3 is 1 (2-3):1 (0.02-0.03): 9-15); the initiator is at least one of azobisisobutyronitrile and azobisisoheptonitrile.
7. The method for preparing the back plate film of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the functional polycondensate to the functional copolymer in step S4 is 1 (0.4-0.6).
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the melting temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 230-250 ℃; the radiation source for radiation crosslinking is electron beam, the radiation energy is 4 MeV-13 MeV, and the radiation dose is 50 KGy-220 KGy.
9. The ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back plate film prepared by the preparation method of the ultraviolet aging resistant solar cell back plate film according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of the uv aging resistant solar cell backsheet film of claim 9 for encapsulating a solar cell module.
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