CN112114084A - Method for rapidly detecting concentration of chloride ions in concrete mixture - Google Patents
Method for rapidly detecting concentration of chloride ions in concrete mixture Download PDFInfo
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- CN112114084A CN112114084A CN202010836397.3A CN202010836397A CN112114084A CN 112114084 A CN112114084 A CN 112114084A CN 202010836397 A CN202010836397 A CN 202010836397A CN 112114084 A CN112114084 A CN 112114084A
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- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
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- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly detecting the concentration of chloride ions in a concrete mixture, which comprises the following steps: step 1, sampling from a uniformly stirred concrete mixture to be detected; step 2, screening the concrete mixture obtained by sampling, and removing coarse aggregate to obtain mortar; step 3, screening the mortar sample, washing coarse sand on the screen with distilled water, collecting a mixture of fine mortar and distilled water passing through the screen, and collecting coarse sand on the screen; then grinding coarse sand; uniformly mixing and stirring the ground coarse sand and the mixture of the collected fine mortar and distilled water, precipitating, and detecting the molar concentration of chloride ions in supernatant; and 4, calculating the mass concentration of the chloride ions in each sample, and then taking the average value of the mass concentration of the chloride ions. The detection method can quickly release chloride ions in sand grains, so that the real content of the chloride ions in the concrete mixture can be obtained in a short time, and the compliance of the concrete material is ensured while the normal construction progress is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to detection of chloride ion concentration in concrete mixture, in particular to a method for rapidly detecting chloride ion concentration in concrete mixture.
Background
With the continuous increase of the demand of construction sand and the gradual depletion of river sand resources, people shift the attention to low-price and abundant-stock sea sand. Due to the existence of chloride ions in the sea sand, the durability of the reinforced concrete structure can be greatly reduced when the sea sand is applied to the field of building engineering. Chloride ions carried by sea sand can permeate into the surface of the steel bar to damage a passive film on the surface of the steel bar, so that the corrosion and expansion of the steel bar are accelerated, and the problems of cracking, peeling and the like of a concrete structure are caused.
In order to prevent the corrosion of the steel bars in the concrete structure, the content of chloride ions in the concrete should be limited. In the design specification of the GB 50010-2010 concrete structure in China, the environmental conditions of the concrete material are divided into five grades, and the maximum chloride ion content (percentage of the total mass of the cementing material) in the concrete under each environmental grade is respectively specified. In order to ensure the compliance of concrete used in construction, it is necessary to measure the chloride ion content of the concrete mixture entering the construction site. Because the hydration characteristic of the concrete mixture requires that the concrete mixture must be poured within a certain time, a detection method which is convenient to be developed on a construction site and can quickly and accurately measure the content of chloride ions in the concrete mixture is urgently needed.
The detection method of the chloride ion content in the concrete mixture in the current domestic standards (such as JGJT 322-2013 concrete chloride ion content detection technical specification and JTJ 270-1998 concrete test specification of water transportation engineering) is to screen out coarse aggregate in the concrete by adopting a screen to obtain a certain amount of mortar, and then measure the chloride ion concentration in the mortar. While the national specifications (such as GB 14684-2001 building sand) require that the sand sample is soaked for more than 2 hours to ensure that the chloride ions in the sand sample are fully released when the content of the chloride ions in the sand sample is measured. Therefore, the existing method for detecting the content of chloride ions in the concrete mixture has a contradiction which is difficult to solve: on one hand, after the concrete mixture enters a construction site, pouring must be finished within a certain time, and the time for detecting chloride ions is short; on the other hand, the chlorine ions in the sand or other components need a certain time to be fully released into the concrete, the insufficient release time can cause the measured concentration of the chlorine ions to be lower, and the concentration of the chlorine ions in the concrete at the later stage can still exceed the specification limit.
Due to the above-mentioned contradictions, it is difficult for the current methods to accurately measure chloride ions in concrete mixtures within a limited time. In order to ensure that the chloride ion content of concrete mixtures meets the specification requirements, a method is needed to quickly and accurately detect the chloride ion concentration of fresh concrete within a limited time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for quickly detecting the concentration of chloride ions in a concrete mixture, which can quickly, accurately and conveniently detect the content of the chloride ions in the concrete mixture.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for rapidly detecting the concentration of chloride ions in a concrete mixture comprises the following steps:
step 1, sampling: sampling from the uniformly stirred concrete mixture to be detected;
step 2, preparing a sample: screening the concrete mixture obtained by sampling by using a first screen, and screening out coarse aggregate to obtain n parts of mortar samples, wherein n is more than or equal to 1;
and 3, detecting the chloride ion concentration of each sample: screening the mortar sample by using a second sieve, washing coarse sand on the sieve by using distilled water, collecting a mixture of the fine mortar passing through the sieve and the distilled water, collecting the coarse sand on the sieve, then grinding the coarse sand, uniformly mixing the ground coarse sand and the mixture of the collected fine mortar and the distilled water, stirring, precipitating, and detecting the mole concentration of chloride ions in the supernatant;
step 4, calculating the chloride ion concentration: and calculating the mass concentration of the chloride ions in each sample according to the molar concentration of the chloride ions in the supernatant of each sample, and taking the average value of the mass concentration of the chloride ions to obtain the mass concentration of the chloride ions in the concrete mixture to be measured.
Preferably, the sampling method in step 1 is random sampling.
Preferably, the first sieve has a nominal diameter of the mesh of 5.00 mm.
Preferably, n is 2 to 4.
Preferably, the second sieve has a nominal diameter of the sieve openings of 0.63 mm.
Preferably, the quality of the distilled water used in step 3 is the same as the quality of the mortar sample.
Preferably, the coarse sand is ground in step 3 to a particle size smaller than the mesh diameter of the second sieve.
Preferably, the precipitation time in step 3 is 5 minutes.
Preferably, the method for detecting the concentration of chloride ions in the supernatant in the step 3 comprises the following steps: silver nitrate titration, chloride ion selective electrode methods or chloride ion test paper.
Has the advantages that:
the method can quickly release chloride ions in sand grains, so that the real content of the chloride ions in the concrete mixture can be obtained in a short time. After the concrete mixture enters a construction site, whether the content of chloride ions in the concrete mixture meets the standard requirement or not can be detected in a short time, and the compliance of concrete materials is ensured while the normal construction progress is ensured.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the invention thereto.
Example 1
Step 1, randomly sampling from the uniformly stirred concrete mixture to be detected (the concrete mixture to be detected adopts sea sand to prepare concrete, and the mass ratio of the concrete components is cement to the sea sand to coarse aggregate =1: 1.55: 2.87: 0.52.);
step 2, screening the concrete mixture obtained by sampling by using a screen with the nominal diameter of a screen hole of 5.00 mm, removing coarse aggregate by using the screen to obtain 1000 g of mortar, weighing two parts of 500 g of mortar samples from the mortar samples, and respectively carrying out the step 3;
step 3, screening the mortar sample by using a sieve with the nominal diameter of the sieve pore of 0.63 mm, washing coarse sand on the sieve by using 500 g of distilled water, collecting a mixture of fine mortar and distilled water which pass through the sieve, and collecting the coarse sand on the sieve; grinding coarse sand for 10 minutes by using a ball mill until the particle size of the coarse sand can pass through a sieve with the nominal diameter of a sieve pore of 0.63 mm; uniformly mixing and stirring the ground coarse sand and the mixture of the collected fine mortar and distilled water, and precipitating for 5 minutes; taking the supernatant, and measuring the chloride ion concentration (unit is mol/L) in the supernatant by using a chloride ion selective electrode;
and 4, calculating the mass concentration of the water-soluble chloride ions of each sample according to the concentration of the chloride ions in the supernatant of 2 samples, and averaging the mass concentrations of the 2 water-soluble chloride ions to obtain the mass concentration of the chloride ions of the concrete mixture to be measured.
For the concrete mixture to be measured, the mass of the chloride ions measured by adopting a rapid detection method specified in JGJT 322-2013 technical specification for detecting the content of the chloride ions in the concrete accounts for 0.059 percent of the mass of the cement, the mass of the chloride ions measured by adopting a detection method specified in GB 14684-2001 building sand accounts for 0.227 percent of the mass of the cement, and the mass of the chloride ions measured by adopting the method disclosed by the invention accounts for 0.279 percent of the mass of the cement. It is shown that the concentration of the chloride ions in the concrete cannot be sufficiently measured by the method specified in the technical specification of detecting the content of the chloride ions in the JGJT 322-2013 concrete. The measurement result of the method disclosed by the invention is close to the detection result in GB 14684-2001 building sand, so that the method disclosed by the invention can fully release chloride ions in the sea sand within a limited time, and the real chloride ion concentration in the concrete can be more accurately measured.
Example 2
Step 1, randomly sampling from the uniformly stirred concrete mixture to be detected (the concrete mixture to be detected adopts sea sand to prepare concrete, and the mass ratio of the concrete components is cement to the sea sand to coarse aggregate =1: 1.45: 2.87: 0.52.);
step 2, screening the concrete mixture obtained by sampling by using a screen with the nominal diameter of a screen hole of 5.00 mm, removing coarse aggregate by using the screen to obtain 1500 g of mortar, weighing 3 parts of 500 g of mortar samples from the mortar samples, and respectively carrying out the step 3;
step 3, screening the mortar sample by using a sieve with the nominal diameter of the sieve pore of 0.63 mm, washing coarse sand on the sieve by using 500 g of distilled water, collecting a mixture of the fine mortar and the distilled water which pass through the sieve, collecting the coarse sand on the sieve, manually grinding the coarse sand by using a mortar for 10 minutes until the particle size of the coarse sand can pass through the sieve with the nominal diameter of the sieve pore of 0.63 mm, uniformly mixing and stirring the ground coarse sand and the mixture of the collected fine mortar and the distilled water, and precipitating for 5 minutes; taking the supernatant, and measuring the molar concentration of chloride ions in the supernatant by using chloride ion detection test paper;
and 4, calculating the mass concentration of the water-soluble chloride ions of each sample according to the molar concentration of the chloride ions in the 3 parts of supernatant, and averaging the mass concentrations of the 3 parts of the water-soluble chloride ions to obtain the mass concentration of the chloride ions in the concrete mixture to be detected.
For the concrete mixture to be measured, the mass of the chloride ions measured by adopting the detection method specified in JGJT 322-2013 technical specification for detecting the content of the chloride ions in the concrete accounts for 0.055% of the mass of the cement, the mass of the chloride ions measured by adopting the detection method specified in GB 14684-2001 building sand accounts for 0.212% of the mass of the cement, and the mass of the chloride ions measured by adopting the method disclosed by the invention accounts for 0.261% of the mass of the concrete mixture. The method disclosed by the invention can fully release the chloride ions in the sea sand within a limited time, so that the real chloride ion concentration in the concrete can be measured more accurately.
Example 3
Step 1, randomly sampling from the uniformly stirred concrete mixture to be detected (the concrete mixture to be detected adopts sea sand to prepare concrete, and the mass ratio of the concrete components is cement to the sea sand to coarse aggregate =1: 1.65: 2.87: 0.52.);
step 2, screening the concrete mixture obtained by sampling by using a sieve with the nominal diameter of 5.00 mm, removing coarse aggregate by using the sieve to obtain 2000 g of mortar, weighing 4 parts of 500 g of mortar samples from the mortar samples, and respectively carrying out the step 3;
step 3, screening the mortar sample by using a sieve with the nominal diameter of the sieve pore of 0.63 mm, washing coarse sand on the sieve by using 500 g of distilled water, collecting a mixture of the fine mortar and the distilled water which pass through the sieve, collecting the coarse sand on the sieve, manually grinding the coarse sand by using a mortar for 10 minutes until the particle size of the coarse sand can pass through the sieve with the nominal diameter of the sieve pore of 0.63 mm, uniformly mixing and stirring the ground coarse sand and the mixture of the collected fine mortar and the distilled water, and precipitating for 5 minutes; taking the supernatant, and measuring the chloride ion molar concentration in the supernatant by using a silver nitrate titration method;
and 4, calculating the mass concentration of the water-soluble chloride ions of each sample according to the concentration molar ratio of the chloride ions in the 4 parts of supernatant, and averaging the mass concentrations of the 4 parts of water-soluble chloride ions to obtain the mass concentration of the chloride ions in the concrete mixture to be detected.
For the concrete mixture to be measured, the mass of the chloride ions measured by adopting the detection method specified in JGJT 322-2013 specification for detecting the content of the chloride ions in the concrete accounts for 0.063% of the mass of the cement, the mass of the chloride ions measured by adopting the detection method specified in GB 14684-2001 building sand accounts for 0.242% of the mass of the cement, and the mass of the chloride ions measured by adopting the method disclosed by the invention accounts for 0.297% of the mass of the concrete mixture. The method disclosed by the invention can fully release the chloride ions in the sea sand within a limited time, so that the real chloride ion concentration in the concrete can be measured more accurately.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for rapidly detecting the concentration of chloride ions in a concrete mixture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, sampling: sampling from the uniformly stirred concrete mixture to be detected;
step 2, preparing a sample: screening the concrete mixture obtained by sampling by using a first screen, and screening out coarse aggregate to obtain n parts of mortar samples, wherein n is more than or equal to 1;
and 3, detecting the chloride ion concentration of each sample: screening the mortar sample by using a second sieve, washing coarse sand on the sieve by using distilled water, collecting a mixture of the fine mortar passing through the sieve and the distilled water, collecting the coarse sand on the sieve, then grinding the coarse sand, uniformly mixing the ground coarse sand and the mixture of the collected fine mortar and the distilled water, stirring, precipitating, and detecting the mole concentration of chloride ions in the supernatant;
step 4, calculating the chloride ion concentration: and calculating the mass concentration of the chloride ions in each sample according to the molar concentration of the chloride ions in the supernatant of each sample, and taking the average value of the mass concentration of the chloride ions to obtain the mass concentration of the chloride ions in the concrete mixture to be measured.
2. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1, the sampling mode is random sampling.
3. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2, the nominal diameter of the sieve holes of the first sieve is 5.00 mm.
4. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2, n is 2-4.
5. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3, the nominal diameter of the sieve holes of the second sieve is 0.63 mm.
6. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3, the quality of the distilled water is the same as that of the mortar sample.
7. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3, the coarse sand is ground until the particle size is smaller than the mesh diameter of the second sieve.
8. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3, the precipitation time is 5 minutes.
9. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3, the method for detecting the concentration of chloride ions in the supernatant comprises the following steps: silver nitrate titration, chloride ion selective electrode methods or chloride ion test paper.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113074998A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-06 | 毛江鸿 | Method for detecting concentration of chloride ions in concrete mixture or sea sand |
| CN115415148A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-12-02 | 佛山市南海正业建设工程质量检测有限公司 | Chloride ion content sampling device in concrete mixture |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113074998A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-06 | 毛江鸿 | Method for detecting concentration of chloride ions in concrete mixture or sea sand |
| CN113074998B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2024-01-09 | 毛江鸿 | Method for detecting concentration of chloride ions in concrete mixture or sea sand |
| CN115415148A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-12-02 | 佛山市南海正业建设工程质量检测有限公司 | Chloride ion content sampling device in concrete mixture |
| CN115415148B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2024-03-26 | 佛山市南海正业建设工程质量检测有限公司 | Sampling device for chloride ion content in concrete mixture |
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