CN112113398B - Coal slime drying and dewatering device and drying and dewatering method - Google Patents

Coal slime drying and dewatering device and drying and dewatering method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112113398B
CN112113398B CN202010897888.9A CN202010897888A CN112113398B CN 112113398 B CN112113398 B CN 112113398B CN 202010897888 A CN202010897888 A CN 202010897888A CN 112113398 B CN112113398 B CN 112113398B
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China
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drying
coal slime
plate
crushing
extrusion
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CN112113398A (en
Inventor
万克记
贺琼琼
刘炯天
苗真勇
许恩乐
高明强
李欣源
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
    • F26B1/005—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids by means of disintegrating, e.g. crushing, shredding, milling the materials to be dried
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/13—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and combined with sifting devices, e.g. for making powdered fuel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
    • B28B3/24—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded by reciprocating plunger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/001—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement the material moving down superimposed floors
    • F26B17/006—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement the material moving down superimposed floors the movement being imparted by oscillation or vibration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
    • F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • F26B25/14—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction
    • F26B25/16—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction mainly closed, e.g. drum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • F26B25/14—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction
    • F26B25/18—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction mainly open, e.g. dish, tray, pan, rack
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/14—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by applying pressure, e.g. wringing; by brushing; by wiping

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal slime drying and dewatering device and a drying and dewatering method, belongs to the technical field of coal slime drying, and solves the problem that the coal slime particles cannot be fully dried on the basis of ensuring that the surfaces of the coal slime particles are not subjected to thermal decomposition in the prior art. The device includes system strip unit, coal slime collecting unit, drying cylinder, primary drying guipure, breaker and secondary drying guipure, and the discharge gate of system strip unit is located the top of primary drying guipure one end, and the other end of primary drying guipure is connected with the feed inlet of breaker, and the discharge gate of breaker is located the top of secondary drying guipure one end, and the other end and the coal slime collecting unit of secondary drying guipure are connected. The method comprises the steps of preparing strips from a coal slime filter cake; conveying the coal slime strips to a drying and crushing unit for primary drying; conveying the primarily dried coal slime strips to a crusher for crushing; and (4) carrying out secondary drying on the coal slime particles. The device and the method can be used for drying and dewatering the coal slime.

Description

Coal slime drying and dewatering device and drying and dewatering method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal slime drying, and particularly relates to a coal slime drying and dehydrating device and a drying and dehydrating method.
Background
Coal slime is a byproduct generated in the coal washing process, and is a semi-solid substance formed by coal dust and water essentially. Coal slime has low economic benefit due to high water content and low heat value, so the coal industry tries to reduce the water content of the coal slime and improve the heat value of the coal slime by various methods.
In the prior art, when conventional drying technology is adopted to dry the coal slime particles, drying time can be shortened usually in order to avoid the surface overheating decomposition of the coal slime particles, but the drying time is short, so that the temperature inside the coal slime particles is lower, and sufficient drying of the coal slime cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention provides a coal slurry drying and dewatering device, which solves the problem that the prior art cannot fully dry coal slurry particles on the basis of ensuring that the surfaces of the coal slurry particles are not thermally decomposed.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a coal slime drying and dewatering device which comprises a strip making unit, a drying and crushing unit and a coal slime collecting unit which are sequentially connected, wherein the coal slime drying and crushing unit comprises a drying cylinder, a primary drying mesh belt, a crusher and a secondary drying mesh belt, the primary drying mesh belt, the crusher and the secondary drying mesh belt are arranged in the drying cylinder, drying gas is introduced into the drying cylinder, a discharge port of the strip making unit is positioned above one end of the primary drying mesh belt, the other end of the primary drying mesh belt is connected with a feed port of the crusher, a discharge port of the crusher is positioned above one end of the secondary drying mesh belt, and the other end of the secondary drying mesh belt is connected with the coal slime collecting unit.
Further, the coal slime drying and crushing device is suitable for high-viscosity coal slime, and the water content of the high-viscosity coal slime is 24-28 wt.%.
Further, the crusher comprises a casing, a crushing assembly and a crushing sieve plate, wherein the crushing assembly and the crushing sieve plate are located in the casing, a crushing feeding hole and a crushing discharging hole are formed in the casing, and the crushing sieve plate is located below the crushing assembly.
Further, the crushing assembly comprises a rotor disc and a plurality of hammer heads fixedly connected with the rotor disc.
Further, the plurality of hammers are coupled to the rotor disc by screws.
Further, the hammers are arranged in a radial direction of the rotor disk.
Further, the crusher also comprises a crushing motor for driving the rotor disc to rotate, and the output end of the crushing motor is fixedly connected with the rotor disc through the rotor shaft.
Further, the crusher also comprises a baffle which is arranged at the crushing feed inlet and inclines downwards.
Furthermore, the crusher also comprises a reaction plate arranged on the inner wall of the shell, and the coal slime with larger particles is brought up by the hammer head and impacts on the reaction plate.
Furthermore, the crusher also comprises a guard plate arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the front end of the machine shell.
Furthermore, the crusher also comprises dust isolating rings arranged at two ends of the rotor shaft.
Furthermore, the coal slime drying and dewatering device also comprises a primary rotating roller for driving the primary drying mesh belt to move and a secondary rotating roller for driving the secondary drying mesh belt to move.
Furthermore, the strip making unit comprises an extrusion assembly positioned above the drying cylinder and a strip making pore plate positioned between the extrusion assembly and the drying cylinder, the extrusion assembly comprises an extrusion cylinder and a piston positioned in the extrusion cylinder, the space between the piston in the extrusion cylinder and the strip making pore plate is an extrusion cavity, and the extrusion cavity is communicated with the feeding pipe.
Further, along the vertical direction, piston, extrusion chamber, system orifice plate and drying cylinder arrange in proper order.
Further, the strip making unit also comprises a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the coal slurry in the extrusion cavity.
Further, the pressure sensor is positioned at the bottom of the extrusion cavity and on the strip making hole plate.
Further, the strip making unit also comprises an exciter for driving the extrusion cylinder and the feeding pipe to vibrate.
Further, the vibration exciter is arranged below the feeding pipe and is in contact with the side wall of the feeding pipe.
Furthermore, the strip making unit also comprises a material distribution assembly positioned in the extrusion cavity, the material distribution assembly comprises a material conveying plate and a material distribution plate, one end of the material conveying plate is a connecting end, the other end of the material conveying plate is a hanging end, the connecting end of the material conveying plate is rotatably connected with the side wall of the extrusion cavity, and the material distribution plate is hung at the hanging end of the material conveying plate.
Further, the free end extends to the axis of the extrusion chamber.
Furthermore, the material conveying plate is in a downward inclined flat plate shape, and the material distributing plate is in an umbrella shape.
Furthermore, the cloth component also comprises a lifting belt, one end of the lifting belt is connected with the suspended end of the material conveying plate, and the other end of the lifting belt penetrates through the feeding pipe to be connected with the upper end face of the piston, so that the suspended end of the material conveying plate is opposite to the movement direction of the piston.
Furthermore, the connecting end of the material conveying plate is rotationally connected with the side wall of the extrusion cavity through a torsion spring; or the suspended end of the material conveying plate faces one side of the strip making hole plate and is connected with the side wall of the extrusion cavity through a spiral tension spring.
Further, the strip making unit further comprises a driving assembly, the driving assembly comprises a lever, a reciprocating motor, a bearing and a bearing seat, one end of the lever is connected with an output shaft of the reciprocating motor, and the other end of the lever is connected with the piston rod.
Further, the lever is rotatably connected with the bearing seat through a bearing.
Further, the coal slime drying and dewatering device further comprises an air supply unit, the air supply unit comprises a drying gas pump, a main gas pipe and a main gas flow disperser, the main gas flow disperser is located on one side of the drying cylinder, and the drying gas pump, the main gas pipe, the main gas flow disperser and the drying cylinder are sequentially connected.
Further, the air supply unit also comprises an auxiliary air pipe and an auxiliary air flow disperser communicated with the auxiliary air pipe, and the drying air pump, the auxiliary air pipe, the auxiliary air flow disperser and the drying cylinder are sequentially connected.
Further, the main air disperser and the auxiliary air disperser are respectively positioned at two sides of the drying cylinder.
Further, the main air disperser and the auxiliary air disperser are located on the same horizontal line, and are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the drying cylinder.
Further, the dry gas is tail gas obtained by burning natural gas.
Further, the gas supply unit also comprises a controller, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the drying gas pump and the gas supply flow.
Further, the controller is a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC).
Further, the coal slime collection unit comprises a coal slime collection port and a coal slime collection chamber, and the coal slime collection chamber is connected with the discharge port of the drying cylinder through the coal slime collection port.
The invention also provides a coal slime drying and dewatering method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: conveying the coal slime filter cake to a strip making unit for strip making to obtain coal slime strips;
step 2: conveying the coal mud strips to a drying and crushing unit, and performing primary drying on a primary drying mesh belt;
and step 3: conveying the primarily dried coal slime strips to a crusher, and crushing the coal slime strips by the crusher to obtain coal slime particles;
and 4, step 4: and (4) carrying out secondary drying on the coal slime particles on a secondary drying mesh belt to complete drying and dewatering of the coal slime.
Further, the strip making unit comprises an extrusion cylinder, a piston and a strip making pore plate, and the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 11: the piston moves towards the direction of the strip making hole plate, and the volume of an extrusion cavity of the extrusion cylinder is reduced;
step 12: the piston extrudes the coal slime filter cake, the coal slime filter cake passes through the strip-making holes of the strip-making hole plate under the action of pressure, compression cutting and extrusion drying of the coal slime filter cake are completed, coal slime strips are obtained, and the piston resets.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:
a) in the coal slime drying and dewatering device provided by the invention, the primary drying mesh belt, the crusher and the secondary drying mesh belt are arranged in the drying cylinder, and the coal slime strips (large-particle coal slime strips or small-particle coal slime strips) are always subjected to mass transfer and heat transfer with the drying gas in the process of being conveyed to the crusher from the strip making unit and in the process of being conveyed to the coal slime collecting unit from the crusher, so that the drying effect of the coal slime strips can be improved.
b) In the coal slime drying and dewatering device provided by the invention, large-particle coal slime is subjected to primary mass and heat transfer in the primary drying mesh belt, so that moisture on the surfaces of large-particle coal slime strips can be dried in a short time, and the surfaces of the coal slime strips are not subjected to overheating decomposition; the large-particle coal slime subjected to primary mass and heat transfer is directly crushed in the drying cylinder to obtain small-particle coal slime strips, and the surfaces and the insides of the small-particle coal slime strips are dried through secondary mass and heat transfer, so that the coal slime strips can be sufficiently dried on the basis of ensuring that the surfaces of the coal slime strips are not subjected to thermal decomposition.
c) The coal slime drying and dewatering device provided by the invention is simple in structure, convenient and fast to operate, easy to implement, high in drying efficiency, good in quality of the obtained coal slime product and suitable for large-scale production.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal slurry drying and dewatering device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a crusher in a coal slurry drying and dewatering device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a strip making unit in the coal slime drying and dewatering device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a perforated plate and an extrusion cylinder in the coal slime drying and dewatering device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-an extrusion cylinder; 2-a piston; 3-making a strip hole plate; 4-a crusher; 41-a housing; 42-crushing the sieve plate; 43-dust-proof ring; 44-a rotor disk; 45-hammer head; 46-a baffle; 47-counterattack plate; 48-guard board; 5-feeding pipe; 6-a pressure sensor; 7-a vibration exciter; 8-a cloth component; 81-a material conveying plate; 82-a cloth plate; 83-a lifting belt; 9-main trachea; 10-main gas flow disperser; 11-auxiliary trachea; 12-an auxiliary airflow disperser; 13-a drying cylinder; 14-primary drying mesh belt; 15-secondary drying of the mesh belt; 16-one rotation of the drum; 17-rotating the drum twice; 18-a coal slurry collection port; 19-a coal slurry collection chamber; 20-dry gas pump; 21-a lever; 22-a bearing; 23-bearing seat.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the invention serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Example one
This embodiment provides a coal slime drying and dewatering device, refer to fig. 1 to 4, including the system strip unit that connects gradually, dry broken cell and coal slime collection unit, wherein, the dry broken cell of coal slime includes drying cylinder 13 and locates the dry mesh belt 14 of a time in the drying cylinder 13, breaker and secondary drying mesh belt 15, let in dry gas in the drying cylinder 13, the discharge gate of system strip unit is located the top of the dry mesh belt 14 one end of a time, the other end of the dry mesh belt 14 of a time is connected with the feed inlet of breaker, the discharge gate of breaker is located the top of the dry mesh belt 15 one end of secondary, the other end and the coal slime collection unit of secondary drying mesh belt 15 are connected.
It should be noted that the coal slime drying and crushing device provided by the embodiment is suitable for high-viscosity coal slime with the water content of 24-28 wt.%.
It should also be noted that the large-particle coal slime and the small-particle coal slime are both relative and have no quantification on particle size, that is, the particle size of the large-particle coal slime is larger than that of the small-particle coal slime, and the small-particle coal slime is obtained by crushing the large-particle coal slime.
During implementation, the coal slime filter cake is conveyed to a strip making unit, the coal slime filter cake is made into large-particle coal slime strips in the strip making unit, the large-particle coal slime strips enter a drying cylinder 13 of a drying and crushing unit and fall on a primary drying mesh belt 14, and in the process of running on the primary drying mesh belt 14, the large-particle coal slime and drying gas perform primary mass and heat transfer to dry moisture on the surfaces of the large-particle coal slime strips; the primary drying mesh belt 14 conveys the large-particle coal slime strips into a crusher, and the crusher crushes the large-particle coal slime strips to obtain small-particle coal slime; the small-particle coal slime falls on the secondary drying mesh belt 15, and in the process of running on the secondary drying mesh belt 15, the small-particle coal slime and the drying gas perform secondary mass and heat transfer to dry the surface and the internal moisture of the small-particle coal slime.
Compared with the prior art, in the coal slime drying and dewatering device provided by the embodiment, the primary drying mesh belt 14, the crusher and the secondary drying mesh belt 15 are arranged in the drying cylinder 13, and in the process of conveying the coal slime strips from the strip making unit to the crusher and in the process of conveying the coal slime strips from the crusher to the coal slime collecting unit, the coal slime strips (large-particle coal slime strips or small-particle coal slime strips) always perform mass and heat transfer with the drying gas, so that the drying effect of the coal slime strips can be improved.
Meanwhile, the large-particle coal slime is subjected to primary mass and heat transfer in the primary drying mesh belt 14, so that the moisture on the surfaces of the large-particle coal slime strips can be dried in a short time, and the overheating decomposition of the surfaces of the coal slime strips cannot be caused; the large-particle coal slime subjected to primary mass and heat transfer is directly crushed in the drying cylinder 13 to obtain small-particle coal slime strips, and the surfaces and the interiors of the small-particle coal slime strips are dried through secondary mass and heat transfer, so that the coal slime strips can be sufficiently dried on the basis of ensuring that the surfaces of the coal slime strips are not subjected to thermal decomposition.
In addition, the coal slime drying and dewatering device is simple in structure, convenient and fast to operate, easy to achieve, high in drying efficiency, good in quality of obtained coal slime products and suitable for large-scale production.
The structure of the crusher 4 specifically comprises a casing 41, and a crushing assembly and a crushing sieve plate 42 which are located in the casing 41, wherein a crushing feed port and a crushing discharge port are formed in the casing 41, the crushing sieve plate 42 is located below the crushing assembly, the crushing assembly comprises a rotor disc 44 and a plurality of hammers 45 fixedly connected with the rotor disc 44, the hammers 45 are connected with the rotor disc 44 through screws, the hammers 45 are radially arranged along the rotor disc 44, and the inside of the casing 41 is in a relatively closed state, so that coal dust cannot be discharged outwards. In large granule coal slime got into casing 41 from broken feed inlet, rotor dish 44 drove tup 45 high-speed rotation, impacted the breakage to the large granule coal slime that gets into in casing 41, broken sieve 42 separates the coal slime that the granularity is different, reaches passing the sieve and discharging that the granularity required, if not meeting the requirement then continues to carry out the breakage in breaker 4.
It will be appreciated that, in order to achieve rotation of the rotor disc 44, the above-described crusher 4 further comprises a crushing motor for driving the rotor disc 44 to rotate, and an output end of the crushing motor is fixedly connected with the rotor disc 44 through a rotor shaft.
Considering that the initial velocity of the large-particle coal slurry entering the casing 41 is high and the impact force generated to the casing 41 is high, the crusher 4 further includes a baffle 46 disposed at the crushing inlet and inclined downward to buffer the large-particle coal slurry. After the large granule coal slime got into broken feed inlet, can act on baffle 46 earlier with baffle 46 and can absorb most power potential energy of large granule coal slime, reduce the velocity of motion of large granule coal slime to can effectively reduce the impact force of large granule coal slime to casing 41 inner wall.
In order to further crush the coal slime with larger particles after the impact crushing of the hammer head 45, the crusher 4 further comprises an impact plate 47 arranged on the inner wall of the casing 41, the coal slime with larger particles is brought up by the hammer head 45 and impacts on the impact plate 47, and the coal slime with larger particles and the impact plate 47 interact with each other to further crush the coal slime with larger particles.
It should be noted that, after the hammer head 45 crushes the large-particle coal slurry, the crushed coal slurry may collide with the front end of the casing 41, and in order to improve the strength and the wear resistance of the front end of the casing 41, the crusher 4 further includes a guard plate 48 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the front end of the casing 41, where the guard plate 48 is equivalent to a reinforcing plate of the casing 41, and can effectively protect the casing 41, enhance the strength and the wear resistance of the casing 41, and thus prolong the service life of the crusher 4.
In order to avoid that the dust generated by the large-particle coal slime in the crushing process enters the rotor shaft to affect the rotation of the rotor disc 44, the crusher 4 further comprises dust isolating rings 43 arranged at two ends of the rotor shaft, the dust isolating rings 43 can seal the space between the rotor disc 44 and the rotor shaft, and the dust is prevented from entering the space between the rotor disc 44 and the rotor shaft, so that the abrasion of the rotor shaft can be reduced, and the service life of the crusher 4 is prolonged.
It will be appreciated that in order to effect movement of the primary and secondary drying wire belts 14, 15, the above-described coal slurry dewatering and drying apparatus further includes a primary rotating drum 16 for driving movement of the primary drying wire belt 14 and a secondary rotating drum 17 for driving movement of the secondary drying wire belt 15.
The structure of the strip making unit comprises a squeezing assembly positioned above a drying cylinder 13 and a strip making orifice plate 3 positioned between the squeezing assembly and the drying cylinder 13, wherein the squeezing assembly comprises a squeezing cylinder 1 and a piston 2 positioned in the squeezing cylinder 1, the space between the piston 2 and the strip making orifice plate 3 in the squeezing cylinder 1 is a squeezing cavity, and the squeezing cavity is communicated with a feeding pipe 5; that is, the piston 2, the extrusion chamber, the louver 3, and the drying cylinder 13 are arranged in this order in the vertical direction. The coal slime filter cake enters an extrusion cavity, when the coal slime in the extrusion cavity reaches a certain amount, the conveying of the coal slime filter cake is stopped, a piston 2 moves towards a strip making pore plate 3, the volume of the extrusion cavity is gradually reduced, the piston 2 extrudes the coal slime filter cake, under the action of pressure, the coal slime filter cake passes through the strip making pores of the strip making pore plate 3, the compression cutting and the extrusion drying of the coal slime filter cake are completed, when the piston 2 is compressed to a certain distance, the compression is stopped, and the piston 2 is reset; the coal slime strips formed by extrusion are vertically suspended below the strip making pore plate 3 and in the drying cylinder 13, so that the strip making of the coal slime is completed. Like this, extrude and system strip through piston 2 to the coal slime filter cake, can extrude the moisture in the coal slime among the extrusion process, accomplish simultaneously and make strip and dry. In addition, press into the strip through piston 2 with the coal slime, not only can prevent that the fine particle from contacting high temperature flue gas direct combustion, can also reduce the dust pollution that the dry back powder phenomenon of coal slime caused, the environmental protection.
Considering that the pressure in the extrusion chamber affects the extrusion efficiency of the coal slime strips, the strip making unit further comprises a pressure sensor 6 for detecting the pressure of the coal slime in the extrusion chamber, and the pressure sensor 6 is exemplarily positioned at the bottom of the extrusion chamber and on the strip making orifice plate 3. The pressure of the coal slime in the extrusion cavity can be monitored in real time through the pressure sensor 6, and the running distance of the piston 2 is adjusted according to the pressure of the coal slime, so that the extrusion efficiency is regulated and controlled.
In order to promote the dispersion and filling of the coal slurry in the extrusion chamber, the rod making unit further comprises an exciter 7 for driving the extrusion cylinder 1 and the feeding pipe 5 to vibrate, and the exciter 7 is exemplarily arranged below the feeding pipe 5 and is in contact with the side wall of the feeding pipe 5. Under the effect of vibration exciter 7, the coal slime is automatic to be got into the extrusion chamber from inlet pipe 5 to the dispersion is filled in the bottom in extrusion chamber, also be exactly on system strip orifice plate 3, after the further vibration of vibration exciter 7, the coal slime volume in the extrusion chamber reaches certain thickness and degree of fullness, and the thickness homogeneity improves to some extent, realizes even pan feeding, extrudees the coal slime in-process at piston 2, and the coal slime atress is even, is favorable to the extrusion of piston 2 to the coal slime more.
Similarly, in order to promote the dispersion of the coal slurry in the extrusion chamber, the strip making unit further includes a material distribution assembly 8 located in the extrusion chamber, and for the structure of the material distribution assembly 8, specifically, the material distribution assembly includes a material conveying plate 81 and a material distribution plate 82, one end of the material conveying plate 81 is a connecting end, and the other end is a free end, illustratively, the free end extends to the axis of the extrusion chamber, the connecting end is rotatably connected with the side wall of the extrusion chamber (i.e., the side wall of the extrusion cylinder 1 located below the piston 2), the material distribution plate 82 is hung at the free end of the material conveying plate 81, the material conveying plate 81 is in a downward inclined flat plate shape, and the material distribution plate 82 is in an umbrella shape. Thus, after the coal slurry enters the extrusion chamber from the feeding pipe 5, the coal slurry firstly falls on the material conveying plate 81, then moves downwards along the material conveying plate 81 to the material distributing plate 82, and is uniformly dispersed to the bottom of the extrusion chamber along the umbrella-shaped material distributing plate 82, so that the dispersion uniformity of the coal slurry in the extrusion chamber is improved.
It should be noted that, in order to complete the extrusion of the coal slurry, the piston 2 needs to reciprocate in the extrusion cylinder 1, and the existence of the distribution assembly 8 should not affect the reciprocating motion of the piston 2, therefore, the distribution assembly 8 further includes a lifting belt 83, one end of the lifting belt 83 is connected with the free end of the material conveying plate 81, and the other end of the lifting belt 83 passes through the feeding pipe 5 to be connected with the upper end face of the piston 2, so that the free end of the material conveying plate 81 is opposite to the moving direction of the piston 2. Specifically, when the piston 2 moves towards the direction close to the strip making orifice plate 3, the part of the lifting belt 83 connected with the piston 2 is extended, and the part of the lifting belt 83 connected with the suspended end of the material conveying plate 81 is shortened, so that the suspended end of the material conveying plate 81 moves towards the direction far away from the strip making orifice plate 3, that is, the material conveying plate 81 rotates clockwise by taking the connected end of the material conveying plate 81 as a rotating shaft, and the suspended end of the material conveying plate 81 and the material distributing plate 82 enter the material feeding pipe 5 and leave the extrusion cavity, so that the reciprocating motion of the piston 2 is not interfered; when the piston 2 moves in the direction away from the strip making orifice plate 3, the part of the lifting belt 83 connected with the piston 2 is shortened, the part of the lifting belt 83 connected with the suspension end of the material conveying plate 81 is prolonged, so that the suspension end of the material conveying plate 81 moves in the direction close to the strip making orifice plate 3, namely, the connecting end of the material conveying plate 81 is used as a rotating shaft of the material conveying plate 81 to rotate anticlockwise, the suspension end of the material conveying plate 81 and the material distributing plate 82 enter the extrusion cavity, and material distribution is continued. It should be noted that when the material transfer plate 81 and the material distribution plate 82 enter the material feeding pipe 5, the material feeding pipe 5 can be closed, so as to further ensure that no coal slurry enters the extrusion chamber during the extrusion process of the piston 2.
It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the material conveying plate 81 and the material distributing plate 82 can return to the extrusion cavity again, the connecting end of the material conveying plate 81 may be rotationally connected to the side wall of the extrusion cavity through a torsion spring, and the material conveying plate 81 and the material distributing plate 82 are urged to return to the extrusion cavity again through the torsional force of the torsion spring; or, the free end of the material conveying plate 81 is connected with the side wall of the extrusion cavity through a spiral tension spring towards the side of the strip making orifice plate 3, and the material conveying plate 81 and the material distributing plate 82 can be restored into the extrusion cavity again through the tension force of the spiral tension spring.
In order to realize the reciprocating motion of the piston, the bar making unit further comprises a driving assembly, the driving assembly comprises a lever 21, a reciprocating motor (not shown in the figure), a bearing 22 and a bearing seat 23, one end of the lever 21 is connected with an output shaft of the reciprocating motor, the other end of the lever 21 is connected with the piston rod, and the lever 21 is rotatably connected with the bearing seat 23 through the bearing 22. Illustratively, an output shaft of the reciprocating motor drives one end of a lever 21 to move upwards, and the other end of the lever 21 moves downwards, so that a piston rod and a piston are driven to move downwards to extrude the coal slime filter cake; on the contrary, the output shaft of the reciprocating motor drives one end of the lever 21 to move downwards, and the other end of the lever 21 moves upwards, so that the piston rod and the piston are driven to move upwards, and the piston is reset.
In order to convey the drying gas into the drying cylinder 13, the coal slime drying and dewatering device further comprises a gas supply unit, wherein the gas supply unit comprises a drying gas pump 20, a main gas pipe 9 and a main gas flow disperser 10, the main gas flow disperser 10 is positioned on one side of the drying cylinder 13, and the drying gas pump 20, the main gas pipe 9, the main gas flow disperser 10 and the drying cylinder 13 are sequentially connected. The dry gas gets into the air current deconcentrator through main trachea 9, forms even stable dry gas through the equipartition board of air current deconcentrator, blows in drying cylinder 13, dries the coal slime strip that hangs in drying cylinder 13.
In order to ensure the drying uniformity of the coal slime strips in the drying cylinder 13, the gas supply unit further includes an auxiliary gas pipe 11 and an auxiliary gas flow disperser 12 communicated with the auxiliary gas pipe 11, the drying gas pump 20, the auxiliary gas pipe 11, the auxiliary gas flow disperser 12 and the drying cylinder 13 are sequentially connected, the main gas flow disperser 10 and the auxiliary gas flow disperser 12 are respectively located at two sides of the drying cylinder 13, exemplarily, the main gas flow disperser 10 and the auxiliary gas flow disperser 12 are located on the same horizontal line, and are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the drying cylinder 13. This is because the main air disperser 10 is located on one side of the drying cylinder 13, and blows in the drying gas from the side, the coal slime strips close to the main air disperser 10 first transfer heat with the drying gas, the temperature of the drying gas after the heat transfer is reduced, the drying capacity is gradually reduced, and the coal slime strips far away from the main air disperser 10 are not completely dried, and the auxiliary air pipe 11 and the auxiliary air flow disperser 12 are arranged on the other side of the drying cylinder 13, so that the coal slime strips far away from the main air disperser 10 can be further dried, and the drying uniformity of the coal slime strips in the drying cylinder 13 is ensured.
Illustratively, the drying gas is tail gas obtained by burning natural gas, and as the components of the drying gas are free of harmful gas, the drying gas can be directly discharged outdoors without generating smoke dust deposition, so that the dust removal device can be simplified, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection are realized.
In order to realize the automatic supply of the drying gas, the gas supply unit further includes a controller (e.g., PLC) that controls the on/off of the drying gas pump 20 and the supply flow rate of the gas.
To the structure of coal slime collection unit, specifically, it includes that the coal slime collects mouth 18 and coal slime and collects room 19, and coal slime is collected room 19 and is connected with the discharge gate of dry section of thick bamboo 13 through coal slime collection mouth 18.
Example two
The embodiment provides a coal slime drying and dewatering method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: conveying the coal slime filter cake to a strip making unit for strip making to obtain coal slime strips;
step 2: conveying the coal mud strips to a drying and crushing unit, and performing primary drying on a primary drying mesh belt 14;
and step 3: conveying the primarily dried coal slime strips to a crusher, and crushing the coal slime strips by the crusher to obtain coal slime particles;
and 4, step 4: and (3) carrying out secondary drying on the coal slime particles on a secondary drying mesh belt 15 to complete drying and dewatering of the coal slime.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the coal slime drying and dewatering method provided by the embodiment are basically the same as the beneficial effects of the coal slime drying and dewatering device provided by the first embodiment, and are not repeated herein.
The strip making unit comprises an extrusion cylinder 1, a piston 2 and a strip making orifice plate 3, and the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 11: the piston 2 moves towards the direction of the strip-making orifice plate 3, and the volume of the extrusion cavity of the extrusion cylinder 1 is reduced;
step 12: the piston 2 extrudes the coal slime filter cake, the coal slime filter cake passes through the strip-making holes of the strip-making hole plate 3 under the action of pressure, the coal slime filter cake is compressed, cut, extruded and dried, coal slime strips are obtained, and the piston resets.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A coal slime drying and dewatering device is characterized by comprising a strip making unit, a drying and crushing unit and a coal slime collecting unit which are sequentially connected, wherein the coal slime drying and crushing unit comprises a drying cylinder, and a primary drying mesh belt, a crusher and a secondary drying mesh belt which are arranged in the drying cylinder;
introducing dry gas into the drying cylinder;
the discharge port of the strip making unit is positioned above one end of the primary drying mesh belt, the other end of the primary drying mesh belt is connected with the feed port of the crusher, the discharge port of the crusher is positioned above one end of the secondary drying mesh belt during implementation, and the other end of the secondary drying mesh belt is connected with the coal slime collecting unit;
the crusher also comprises a baffle plate which is arranged at the crushing feed inlet and inclines downwards, a reaction plate which is arranged on the inner wall of the shell and a guard plate which is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the front end of the shell;
the strip making unit comprises an extrusion assembly positioned above the drying cylinder and a strip making pore plate positioned between the extrusion assembly and the drying cylinder, the extrusion assembly comprises an extrusion cylinder and a piston positioned in the extrusion cylinder, a space between the piston in the extrusion cylinder and the strip making pore plate is an extrusion cavity, and the side wall of the extrusion cavity is communicated with the feeding pipe;
the strip making unit also comprises a material distribution assembly positioned in the extrusion cavity, the material distribution assembly comprises a material conveying plate and a material distribution plate, the connecting end of the material conveying plate is rotatably connected with the side wall of the extrusion cavity, and the material distribution plate is hung at the suspended end of the material conveying plate; the free end extends to the axis of the extrusion cavity; the material conveying plate is in a downward inclined flat plate shape, and the material distributing plate is in an umbrella shape;
the cloth component further comprises a lifting belt, one end of the lifting belt is connected with the free end of the material conveying plate, and the other end of the lifting belt penetrates through the feeding pipe to be connected with the upper end face of the piston, so that the free end of the material conveying plate is opposite to the movement direction of the piston.
2. The coal slime drying and dewatering device according to claim 1, wherein the crusher comprises a casing, and a crushing assembly and a crushing screen plate which are arranged in the casing, wherein a crushing inlet and a crushing outlet are formed in the casing, and the crushing screen plate is arranged below the crushing assembly.
3. The coal slurry drying and dewatering device of claim 2, wherein the crushing assembly comprises a rotor disc and a plurality of hammers fixedly connected with the rotor disc.
4. The coal slurry drying and dewatering device of claim 1, further comprising a primary rotating drum for driving the primary drying mesh belt to move and a secondary rotating drum for driving the secondary drying mesh belt to move.
5. The coal slime drying and dewatering device according to claim 1, wherein the strip making unit further comprises a driving assembly, the driving assembly comprises a lever, a reciprocating motor, a bearing and a bearing seat, one end of the lever is connected with an output shaft of the reciprocating motor, and the other end of the lever is connected with a piston rod.
6. The coal slime drying and dewatering device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a gas supply unit, wherein the gas supply unit comprises a drying gas pump, a main gas pipe and a main gas flow disperser, the main gas flow disperser is located on one side of the drying cylinder, and the drying gas pump, the main gas pipe, the main gas flow disperser and the drying cylinder are sequentially connected.
7. A method for drying and dewatering coal slurry, which is characterized by adopting the device for drying and dewatering coal slurry as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: conveying the coal slime filter cake to a strip making unit for strip making to obtain coal slime strips;
step 2: conveying the coal mud strips to a drying and crushing unit, and performing primary drying on a primary drying mesh belt;
and step 3: conveying the primarily dried coal slime strips to a crusher, and crushing the coal slime strips by the crusher to obtain coal slime particles;
and 4, step 4: and (4) carrying out secondary drying on the coal slime particles on a secondary drying mesh belt to complete drying and dewatering of the coal slime.
8. The coal slurry drying and dewatering method according to claim 7, wherein the strip making unit comprises an extrusion cylinder, a piston and a strip making hole plate, and the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 11: the piston moves towards the direction of the strip making hole plate, and the volume of an extrusion cavity of the extrusion cylinder is reduced;
step 12: the piston extrudes the coal slime filter cake, the coal slime filter cake passes through the strip-making holes of the strip-making hole plate under the action of pressure, compression cutting and extrusion drying of the coal slime filter cake are completed, coal slime strips are obtained, and the piston resets.
CN202010897888.9A 2020-08-31 2020-08-31 Coal slime drying and dewatering device and drying and dewatering method Active CN112113398B (en)

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