CN112108245A - Automatic crushing and slurrying process for kitchen garbage - Google Patents
Automatic crushing and slurrying process for kitchen garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN112108245A CN112108245A CN202010871370.8A CN202010871370A CN112108245A CN 112108245 A CN112108245 A CN 112108245A CN 202010871370 A CN202010871370 A CN 202010871370A CN 112108245 A CN112108245 A CN 112108245A
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- pulping
- crushing
- kitchen waste
- support
- storage container
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/26—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with knives which both reciprocate and rotate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
- B02C18/0092—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage for waste water or for garbage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/02—Feeding devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automatic crushing and slurrying process for kitchen garbage. The process is realized by a kitchen waste automatic crushing and slurrying system, and the system comprises a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism and a kitchen waste crushing and slurrying device. The device comprises a support, a container fixing mechanism, a crushing slurrying mechanism and a lifting mechanism. The bracket comprises a bracket body arranged horizontally and a vertical track; the container fixing mechanism is arranged on the bracket body to fix the container; the crushing and pulping mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a power part and two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies; the fixing frame is arranged on the bracket body in parallel and is connected with the rail in a sliding way; the two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies are arranged in parallel and can axially rotate relative to the fixed frame, and the power part drives the pulping cutter shaft assemblies to rotate; the lifting mechanism drives the fixing frame to move up and down to crush the garbage in the container. The first and second transport mechanisms are used for transporting the containers. The invention has the advantages of assembly line operation, large treatment capacity, difficult winding of garbage fibers and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of household garbage classification treatment equipment, in particular to an automatic crushing and slurrying process for kitchen garbage.
Background
The kitchen waste refers to waste generated in daily life and food processing, food service, unit catering and other activities of residents, and comprises abandoned vegetable leaves, leftovers, fruit peels, egg shells, tea leaves, bones and the like, and the main sources of the kitchen waste are household kitchens, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other industries related to food processing. The kitchen waste contains extremely high moisture and organic matters, is easy to rot and generates stink. After proper treatment and processing, the biomass can be converted into new resources, the characteristics of high organic matter content enable the biomass to be used as fertilizer and feed after strict treatment, methane can be generated to be used as fuel or power generation, and the grease part can be used for preparing biofuel.
The weight of kitchen waste in household waste generated by residents can reach 40% -60%, at present, a waste classification mode that the household waste is classified by the residents and then put in a classified mode is adopted in some places, the characteristics that the kitchen waste is easy to rot and is mixed with solid and liquid are not considered, a special container is not used for storing the kitchen waste in the classification putting process, the residents usually adopt plastic bags to collect the kitchen waste, the plastic bags belong to other waste, and the problem of bag breaking caused by the fact that the plastic bags are opened (or broken) to dump the kitchen waste and then put in the plastic bags in another mode is solved.
The kitchen waste is generally crushed after being collected and then is subjected to subsequent resource utilization, the kitchen waste crushing equipment on the market at present mainly comprises two types, one type is arranged in a sewer of a kitchen sink, and the equipment is common in western countries such as the United states at present, but is not suitable for the current situation of processing the kitchen waste in China due to the dietary habits of residents in China, the types of kitchen waste, the caliber of a drainage pipeline and the like; the other type is fixed equipment which is used for units with large kitchen waste generation amount such as restaurants, dining halls and the like, has strong treatment capacity but narrow application range and can not meet the kitchen waste treatment requirement of urban resident families.
In the working scheme of classifying and disposing domestic garbage of Sichuan province, the resident is encouraged to filter out water in the kitchen garbage, and the kitchen garbage is placed in a special container, so that the kitchen garbage is gradually free from glass, ceramics, metal impurities, plastic rubber and napkin paper. At present, the classified collection mode of collecting and containing kitchen waste by adopting a special container in the market is rare, and special matching equipment for carrying out on-site secondary crushing and slurrying treatment on the kitchen waste after collection so as to facilitate transportation is lacked.
The kitchen waste crushing and slurrying process matched with the special container is necessary to be developed, the collected kitchen waste can be crushed and slurried, and later transportation and resource utilization are facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to address at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. For example, the invention aims to provide an automatic kitchen waste crushing and pulping process which has the advantages that the equipment runs stably, kitchen waste fibers are not easy to wind on a pulping shaft, and the production line is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an automatic crushing and slurrying process for kitchen garbage. The kitchen waste automatic crushing and slurrying process is realized through a kitchen waste automatic crushing and slurrying system, the system comprises a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism and a kitchen waste crushing and slurrying device, the kitchen waste automatic crushing and slurrying device comprises a support, a storage container fixing mechanism, a crushing and slurrying mechanism and a lifting mechanism, the support comprises a support body and a track, the support body is horizontally arranged, the track is fixedly arranged on the support body and is vertical to the support body, and the support can support the upper structure of the crushing and slurrying device; the material storage container fixing mechanism is fixedly arranged on the support body and comprises a holding mechanism, a holding clamp speed reducer and a first power component, and the first power component is connected with the holding mechanism through the holding clamp speed reducer so as to drive the holding mechanism to fix the material storage container; the crushing and pulping mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a second power part and two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies, wherein the fixed frame is arranged in parallel with the support body and is positioned on the support body, and the fixed frame is connected with the track in a sliding manner; the two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies comprise pulping shafts and pulping cutters, the pulping shafts are arranged in parallel with the rails, the upper ends of the pulping shafts are connected with the fixed frame, the pulping shafts can axially rotate along the pulping shafts relative to the fixed frame, and the pulping cutters are detachably arranged on the pulping shafts; the second power part is fixedly arranged on the fixing frame and connected with the upper end of the pulping shaft so as to drive the pulping shaft to rotate and drive the pulping cutter to rotate; one end of the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected with the support body, and the other end of the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected with the fixing frame so as to drive the pulping cutter shaft assembly to move up and down along the track to crush and pulp kitchen waste in the storage container; the first conveying mechanism is connected with one side of the support body and can convey the material storage container to the material storage container fixing mechanism; the second conveying mechanism is connected with the other side, opposite to one side of the support body, of the support body and can convey the storage container subjected to crushing and slurrying treatment of the kitchen waste to a subsequent working section from the storage container fixing mechanism; and the automatic crushing and slurrying process of the kitchen garbage comprises the following steps: the storage container filled with the kitchen waste is conveyed to the first conveying mechanism and conveyed to the automatic kitchen waste crushing and pulping device by the first conveying mechanism to be crushed and pulped, and then the storage container is conveyed to the next procedure by the second conveying mechanism.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus may further include a base fixedly disposed on a plane, and the stand is disposed on the base and is hinged to the base so that the stand can be disposed obliquely or vertically with respect to the base.
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the base may include a bottom plate, a support plate and a support member, wherein the bottom plate is fixedly arranged on a plane, the support plate is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, two inclined planes are symmetrically arranged on the upper portion of the support plate, a tangent plane of the support plate along a vertical direction is an isosceles triangle, and an inclined plane of the isosceles triangle is parallel to the bottom plate; the support plate is hinged with the bracket body so that the bracket can incline leftwards or rightwards relative to the bottom plate; the supporting piece comprises two supporting blocks, and the two supporting blocks are fixedly connected with the left end and the right end of the bracket body respectively.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus may further include a pulley disposed at an upper end of the pulping shaft, and the first power member is connected to the pulley via a belt to rotate the pulping shaft.
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the lifting mechanism may include two sets of lifting cylinders, the two sets of lifting cylinders are symmetrically arranged, each lifting cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston, the lower end of the cylinder body is fixedly connected with the bracket body, the piston is arranged in the cylinder body, and the upper end of the piston is fixedly connected with the fixing frame.
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies can be arranged side by side along the left-right direction, the two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies rotate in the same direction, and the tangential directions of the pulping cutters always move in opposite directions at the positions where the two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies are close to each other to crush and pulp kitchen waste, so that fibers are prevented from being wound on the pulping shafts.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus may further include a speed reduction part disposed on the fixing frame between the second power part and the pulping cutter shaft assembly, and the rotation speed of the second power part is reduced by the speed reduction part.
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, each of the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism may include a conveying support, a plurality of rollers, a conveying belt, a main motor and a speed reducer, wherein the conveying support is horizontally arranged on the ground, the plurality of rollers are arranged on the support in parallel, and the upper end surfaces of the rollers and the upper end surface of the storage container fixing mechanism are located on the same plane; the conveying belt is sleeved on the rollers and can convey along with the rotation of the rollers; the main motor and the speed reducer are fixedly arranged on the conveying support, the main motor is connected with the speed reducer through a belt to drive the speed reducer to rotate, the speed reducer is connected with at least one idler wheel in the plurality of idler wheels to drive the idler wheel to rotate, and the material storage container is arranged on the upper end face of the conveying mechanism.
In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the rotation speed of the pulping cutter shaft assembly during the pulping crushing can be 150-1500 rpm, and the crushing time can be 1-15 min.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus may further include a limiting member disposed on the rail to limit an extreme position at which the fixing frame moves up and down in a vertical direction on the rail.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention can comprise at least one of the following:
(1) the kitchen waste collected by the special container can be crushed and pulped and then directly pumped to a tank truck or a storage facility with larger volume, so that the efficiency of later-period transportation and resource utilization is improved;
(2) the bracket is hinged with the base, the whole machine works in a vertical state when the bracket is used, and works in an inclined state when the bracket is not used, and the crushed pulping materials are easier to fully turn over for pulping;
(3) the two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies rotate in the same direction, and the tangential directions of the pulping cutters always move in opposite directions at the positions where the two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies are close to each other to crush and pulp kitchen garbage, so that fibers are prevented from being wound on the pulping shafts to influence the crushing and pulping effects;
(4) the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism are arranged to form assembly line work, and large handling capacity is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a kitchen waste auto-fragmentation slurrying system for use in a kitchen waste auto-fragmentation slurrying process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram (without a support) of the kitchen waste shredder-slurrying apparatus of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 shows a side view of fig. 2.
The reference numerals are explained below:
the automatic pulping machine comprises a base 1, a bottom plate 1a, a support plate 1b, a support 2a, a support body 2b, a track 3, a clamp holding speed reducer 4, a clamping mechanism 5, a material storage container 6, a lifting mechanism 7, a fixing frame 8, a limiting component 9, a second power component 10, a belt pulley 10, a pulping shaft 11, a pulping cutter 12, a first power component 13, a conveying support 14, a main motor 15 and a conveying belt 16.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the automatic crushing and pulping process of kitchen garbage according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a kitchen waste auto-fragmentation slurrying system for use in a kitchen waste auto-fragmentation slurrying process according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram (without a support) of the kitchen waste shredder-slurrying apparatus of FIG. 1; fig. 3 shows a side view of fig. 2.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the process of automatically crushing and pulping the kitchen waste is realized by an automatic crushing and pulping system for the kitchen waste, which may include a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism and a crushing and pulping device for the kitchen waste. The first conveying mechanism is connected with one side of the support body and can convey the material storage container to the material storage container fixing mechanism; the second conveying mechanism is connected with the other side, opposite to one side of the support body, and can convey the storage container subjected to kitchen waste crushing and slurrying treatment to a subsequent working section from the storage container fixing mechanism. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the automatic crushing and slurrying system for kitchen waste comprises a first conveying mechanism arranged on the left side, a middle crushing and slurrying device for kitchen waste and a second conveying mechanism arranged on the right side. The right-hand member of first transport mechanism is connected with the left side of the broken slurrying device of kitchen garbage's support body, and the storage container who will be equipped with kitchen garbage conveys storage container fixed establishment. The left end of the second conveying mechanism is connected with the right side of the support body of the kitchen waste crushing and slurrying device, and the storage container processed by the kitchen waste crushing and slurrying device is conveyed to a downstream or next procedure. For example, as shown in fig. 1, each of the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism may include a conveying support 14, a plurality of rollers, a conveyor belt 16, a main motor 15, and a speed reducer, wherein the conveying support 14 is horizontally disposed on the ground, the plurality of rollers are disposed side by side on the conveying support 14, and the upper end surfaces thereof and the upper end surfaces of the magazine fixing mechanisms 2a are located on the same plane; the conveying belt 16 is sleeved on the plurality of rollers and can convey along with the rotation of the rollers; the main motor 15 and the speed reducer are fixedly arranged on the conveying support 14, the main motor 15 is connected with the speed reducer through a belt to drive the speed reducer to rotate, the speed reducer is connected with at least one roller in the plurality of rollers to drive the rollers to rotate, and the material storage container 5 is arranged on the upper end face of the conveying mechanism. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism may be of other structures as long as they can cooperate with the kitchen waste crushing and slurrying device to convey the storage container.
In this embodiment, the kitchen waste crushing and slurrying device may include a support, a storage container fixing mechanism, a crushing and slurrying mechanism, and a lifting mechanism. The support comprises a support body and a track, wherein the support body is horizontally arranged, the track is fixedly arranged on the support body and is vertical to the support body, and the support can support the upper structure of the crushing and slurrying device. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the bracket 2 includes a bracket body 2a arranged horizontally and a rail 2b arranged vertically, the bracket body 2a is a rectangular frame structure as a whole, the bottom of the frame is a flat plate, and the rail 2b can be fixedly arranged with the flat plate. The support 2 is used for supporting and fixing structures of the kitchen waste automatic crushing and slurrying device except the support 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the support frame 2 may have other structures as long as it can support the upper structure of the automatic disintegrating and slurrying device for kitchen waste.
The storage container fixing mechanism is fixedly arranged on the support body and comprises an enclasping mechanism, an enclasping clamp speed reducer and a first power component, wherein the first power component is connected with the enclasping mechanism through the enclasping clamp speed reducer so as to drive the enclasping mechanism to fix the storage container. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the magazine fixing mechanism is fixedly disposed in the holder body 2a, and may include a clasping mechanism 4, a clasping speed reducer 3, and a first power member 13. Wherein, hold the vertical upwards setting of mechanism 4, hold mechanism 4 and can move and hold or loosen the bottom of storage container 5 tightly. For example, the clasping mechanism 4 may be a hoop. The first power component 13 is connected with the clasping mechanism 4 through the clasping speed reducer 3 to drive the clasping mechanism 4 to act. For example, the storage container can be a storage tank, the storage tank is vertically fixed in the clasping mechanism, and the storage tank can hermetically store kitchen garbage for fermentation. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the magazine fixing mechanism may be of other structures as long as the magazine can be fixed or released.
The crushing and pulping mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a second power part and two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies, wherein the fixed frame is arranged in parallel with the support body and is positioned on the support body, and the fixed frame is connected with the track in a sliding manner. The two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies comprise pulping shafts and pulping cutters, the pulping shafts are arranged in parallel with the rails, the upper ends of the pulping shafts are connected with the fixed frame, the pulping shafts can axially rotate along the pulping shafts relative to the fixed frame, and the pulping cutters are detachably arranged on the pulping shafts; the second power component is fixedly arranged on the fixing frame, and the second power component is connected with the upper end of the pulping shaft to drive the pulping shaft to rotate and drive the pulping cutter to rotate. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the crushing and pulping mechanism mainly comprises a fixed frame 7, and a second power component 9 and two groups of pulping knife shaft assemblies which are arranged on the fixed frame. Mount 7 parallel arrangement is in support body 2a top, and mount 7 and track 2b sliding connection can drive slurrying arbor subassembly and reciprocate along track 2 b. The pulping cutter shaft assembly comprises a pulping shaft 11 and a plurality of pulping cutters 12, the pulping cutters 12 are axially sleeved on the pulping shaft 11, and blades of the pulping cutters 12 are radially arranged and staggered with each other on the circumference of a rotary shaft of the pulping shaft. For example, the two pulping cutter shaft assemblies can be arranged in parallel along the left and right directions, the two pulping cutter shaft assemblies rotate in the same direction, and at the position where the two pulping cutter shaft assemblies are close to each other, the pulping cutter 12 always moves in the opposite direction along the tangential direction to crush and pulp kitchen waste, so that fibers are prevented from being wound on the pulping shaft 11. Further, as shown in fig. 2, the blades of the pulping cutter 12 on the lower end face of the pulping shaft 11 are arranged downward at an angle to the axis of the pulping shaft 11. For example, the first and second power components may each be a power motor. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and other power units are possible. As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the crushing and slurrying mechanism further comprises a sleeve head arranged at the lower part of the fixing frame, and the sleeve head can be matched with an opening on the storage container to prevent kitchen waste in the storage container from splashing when the kitchen waste is crushed and slurried.
One end of the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected with the support body, and the other end of the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected with the fixing frame so as to drive the pulping cutter shaft assembly to move up and down along the track to crush and pulp kitchen garbage in the storage container. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the lower end of the lifting mechanism 6 is fixedly connected with the bracket body 2a, the upper end of the lifting mechanism 6 is connected with the fixed frame 7, and the lifting mechanism 6 acts to push the fixed frame 7 to move up and down along the rail 2b, so as to drive the two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies to move up and down. For example, the lifting mechanism 6 may include two sets of lifting cylinders, the two sets of lifting cylinders are arranged in bilateral symmetry, each lifting cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston, the lower end of the cylinder body is fixedly connected with the support body, the piston is arranged in the cylinder body, and the upper end of the piston is fixedly connected with the fixing frame. However, the invention is not limited to this, and the lifting mechanism may have other structures as long as the lifting mechanism can push the crushing and pulping mechanism to move up and down along the track.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the apparatus may further include a base 1, the base 1 is fixedly disposed on a plane, and the bracket 2 is disposed on the base 1 and is hinged to the base 1, so that the bracket 2 can be disposed in an inclined or vertical manner with respect to the base 1. For example, the base 1 may include a bottom plate 1a, a support plate 1b and a support member, wherein the bottom plate 1a is fixedly disposed on a plane, the support plate 1b is fixedly disposed on the bottom plate 1a, the upper portion of the support plate 1b is two symmetrically disposed inclined planes, a tangent plane of the support plate 1b along a vertical direction is an isosceles triangle, and an oblique side of the isosceles triangle is parallel to the bottom plate; the support plate 1b is hinged with the bracket body 2a, so that the bracket 2 can incline leftwards or rightwards relative to the bottom plate 1 a; the supporting piece comprises two supporting blocks, and the two supporting blocks are fixedly connected with the left end and the right end of the bracket body 2a respectively. When the support is not used, the support 2 and the base are arranged in an inclined mode, the whole crushing and slurrying device is also in an inclined state, and kitchen garbage in the storage tank is more easily turned by the slurrying cutter shaft assembly to be slurried fully. When the support is used, the support 2 is kept parallel to the ground, so that the crushing and slurrying device is arranged vertically to the ground. However, the invention is not limited to this, and the base may be other mechanisms as long as the base can be hinged with the bracket to enable the kitchen waste automatic crushing and slurrying device to be obliquely arranged.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the device may further include a belt pulley 10, the belt pulley 10 is disposed at the upper end of the pulping shaft, and the second power member 9 is connected with the belt pulley 10 via a belt to drive the pulping shaft to rotate. The torque is transmitted to the pulping shaft 11 through the belt and the belt pulley 10, so that the noise can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the equipment runs stably. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the apparatus may further include a speed reduction member disposed on the fixing frame and between the second power member and the pulping cutter shaft assembly, and the rotation speed of the second power member is reduced by the speed reduction member.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the apparatus may further include a limiting member 8, and the limiting member 8 is disposed on the rail 2b to limit the limit position at which the fixing frame 7 moves up and down on the rail 2b in the vertical direction. As shown in fig. 2, the limiting member 8 includes two sets of limiting wheels, which are respectively disposed on the rail 2b and located at the upper and lower predetermined positions above and below the fixing frame 7, and when the fixing frame 7 moves upward or downward on the rail 2b to a position where the two sets of limiting wheels contact, the fixing frame cannot move upward or downward, so that the upper limit position and the lower limit position of the movement of the crushing and slurrying mechanism on the rail 2b are limited.
During operation, the special storage container for kitchen waste is conveyed to the storage container fixing mechanism through the first conveying mechanism, the first power component in the storage container fixing mechanism works to drive the holding mechanism (hoop) to hold the storage container tightly, and then the holding mechanism is locked.
The pulping shaft and the pulping cutter of the crushing and pulping mechanism are positioned right above the material storage container, and then the power motor of the crushing and pulping mechanism is started, and the power motor drives the two groups of pulping shafts to rotate in the same direction through the speed reducer and the belt.
The lifting cylinder drives the crushing and pulping mechanism to move downwards, the pulping shaft drives the pulping cutter to rotate in the same direction, and kitchen garbage dug at normal temperature is crushed and pulped at the meshing position.
When the crushing pulping mechanism moves downwards to the lower limit, the lifting cylinder works reversely, the crushing pulping mechanism moves upwards to the upper limit and is locked, the motor stops working, the pulping shaft stops working, and the primary pulping process is completed.
The special storage container for kitchen waste is conveyed away by the second conveying mechanism, and the first conveying mechanism continues to convey the special storage container for kitchen waste which is not pulped to the storage container fixing mechanism for pulping next time.
In this embodiment, the auto-fragmentation pulping process may include the steps of:
firstly, kitchen waste is placed in a storage container to be subjected to open fermentation at normal temperature for 10-20 days, facultative anaerobic compound bacteria (see patent number CN110525839A) are added into the storage container in advance, and the kitchen waste is fermented by microorganisms to prepare a biological organic fertilizer, so that organic matters can be decomposed, phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen are dissolved, the nutrient content of the organic fertilizer is improved, and odor and harmful bacteria are greatly reduced. Specifically, 5-15 kg of kitchen waste is added into a special container (namely a storage container) for the kitchen waste to be fermented for 10-20 days, a facultative anaerobic composite microbial inoculum is added into the storage container in advance, the kitchen waste is fermented and completely decomposed, the facultative anaerobic composite microbial inoculum decomposes organic matters in the kitchen waste, and the organic matters, phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen are dissolved, so that 15-40% of nutrient components are improved, and the odor and harmful bacteria in the kitchen waste can be greatly reduced. The organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting the kitchen garbage contains a large amount of functional microorganisms, can promote the growth of crop roots, improve soil and establish soil micro-ecological balance.
And then, conveying the storage container filled with the kitchen waste to a first conveying mechanism, conveying the storage container to an automatic kitchen waste crushing and slurrying device by the first conveying mechanism for crushing and slurrying, and conveying the storage container to the next process by a second conveying mechanism. The fermented kitchen garbage is crushed into slurry, and the particle size of the particles is below 5 mm. The rotation speed of the pulping cutter shaft assembly during crushing pulping can be 150-1500 rpm, and the crushing time can be 1-15 min.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the invention include at least one of the following:
(1) the kitchen waste collected by the special container can be crushed and pulped and then directly pumped to a tank truck or a storage facility with larger volume, so that the efficiency of later-period transportation and resource utilization is improved;
(2) the bracket is hinged with the base, the whole machine works in a vertical state when the bracket is used, and works in an inclined state when the bracket is not used, and the crushed pulping materials are easier to fully turn over for pulping;
(3) the two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies rotate in the same direction, and the tangential directions of the pulping cutters always move in opposite directions at the positions where the two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies are close to each other to crush and pulp kitchen garbage, so that fibers are prevented from being wound on the pulping shafts to influence the crushing and pulping effects;
(4) the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism are arranged to form assembly line work, and large handling capacity is achieved.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with the exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The automatic kitchen waste crushing and pulping process is realized by a kitchen waste automatic crushing and pulping system, the system comprises a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism and a kitchen waste crushing and pulping device, wherein,
the kitchen waste crushing and slurrying device comprises a support, a storage container fixing mechanism, a crushing and slurrying mechanism and a lifting mechanism, wherein,
the support comprises a support body which is horizontally arranged and a track which is fixedly arranged and vertical to the support body, and can support the upper structure of the crushing and slurrying device;
the material storage container fixing mechanism is fixedly arranged on the support body and comprises a holding mechanism, a holding clamp speed reducer and a first power component, and the first power component is connected with the holding mechanism through the holding clamp speed reducer so as to drive the holding mechanism to fix the material storage container;
the crushing pulping mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a second power part and two groups of pulping cutter shaft components, wherein,
the fixing frame is arranged in parallel with the bracket body and is positioned on the bracket body, and the fixing frame is connected with the track in a sliding manner;
the two groups of pulping cutter shaft assemblies comprise pulping shafts and pulping cutters, the pulping shafts are arranged in parallel with the rails, the upper ends of the pulping shafts are connected with the fixed frame, the pulping shafts can axially rotate along the pulping shafts relative to the fixed frame, and the pulping cutters are detachably arranged on the pulping shafts;
the second power part is fixedly arranged on the fixing frame and connected with the upper end of the pulping shaft so as to drive the pulping shaft to rotate and drive the pulping cutter to rotate;
one end of the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected with the support body, and the other end of the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected with the fixing frame so as to drive the pulping cutter shaft assembly to move up and down along the track to crush and pulp kitchen waste in the storage container;
the first conveying mechanism is connected with one side of the support body and can convey the material storage container to the material storage container fixing mechanism;
the second conveying mechanism is connected with the other side, opposite to one side of the support body, of the support body and can convey the storage container subjected to crushing and slurrying treatment of the kitchen waste to a subsequent working section from the storage container fixing mechanism;
and the automatic crushing and slurrying process of the kitchen garbage comprises the following steps:
the storage container filled with the kitchen waste is conveyed to the first conveying mechanism and conveyed to the automatic kitchen waste crushing and pulping device by the first conveying mechanism to be crushed and pulped, and then the storage container is conveyed to the next procedure by the second conveying mechanism.
2. The kitchen waste automatic crushing and pulping process according to claim 1, wherein the device further comprises a base, the base is fixedly arranged on a plane, and the support is arranged on the base and is hinged with the base, so that the support can be inclined or vertically arranged relative to the base.
3. The kitchen waste auto-fragmentation and pulping process of claim 2, wherein the base comprises a bottom plate, a support plate and a support member, wherein,
the bottom plate is fixedly arranged on a plane, the support plate is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, two inclined planes are symmetrically arranged at the upper part of the support plate, the tangent plane of the support plate along the vertical direction is an isosceles triangle, and the inclined edge of the isosceles triangle is parallel to the bottom plate;
the support plate is hinged with the bracket body so that the bracket can incline leftwards or rightwards relative to the bottom plate;
the supporting piece comprises two supporting blocks, and the two supporting blocks are fixedly connected with the left end and the right end of the bracket body respectively.
4. The kitchen waste automatic crushing and pulping process according to claim 1, wherein the device further comprises a belt pulley, the belt pulley is arranged at the upper end of the pulping shaft, and the first power part is connected with the belt pulley through a belt to drive the pulping shaft to rotate.
5. The kitchen waste automatic crushing and slurrying process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises two sets of lifting cylinders, the two sets of lifting cylinders are arranged in bilateral symmetry, each lifting cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a piston, the lower end of each cylinder body is fixedly connected with the support body, the piston is arranged in the cylinder body, and the upper end of the piston is fixedly connected with the fixing frame.
6. The automatic kitchen waste crushing and pulping process according to claim 1, wherein the two pulping cutter shaft assemblies are arranged in parallel in the left-right direction, the two pulping cutter shaft assemblies rotate in the same direction, and the tangential directions of the pulping cutters always move in opposite directions at the positions where the two pulping cutter shaft assemblies are close to each other to crush and pulp the kitchen waste so as to prevent fibers from winding on the pulping shafts.
7. The kitchen waste automatic crushing and pulping process according to claim 1, wherein the device further comprises a speed reducing component, the speed reducing component is arranged on the fixed frame and is positioned between the second power component and the pulping cutter shaft assembly, and the rotating speed of the second power component is reduced through the speed reducing component.
8. The kitchen waste automatic crushing and pulping process according to claim 1, wherein the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism comprise a conveying support, a plurality of rollers, a conveying belt, a main motor and a speed reducer, wherein,
the conveying support is horizontally arranged on the ground, the plurality of rollers are arranged on the support in parallel, and the upper end surfaces of the rollers and the upper end surface of the material storage container fixing mechanism are positioned on the same plane;
the conveying belt is sleeved on the rollers and can convey along with the rotation of the rollers;
the main motor and the speed reducer are fixedly arranged on the conveying support, the main motor is connected with the speed reducer through a belt to drive the speed reducer to rotate, the speed reducer is connected with at least one idler wheel in the plurality of idler wheels to drive the idler wheel to rotate, and the material storage container is arranged on the upper end face of the conveying mechanism.
9. The kitchen waste automatic crushing and pulping process according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the pulping cutter shaft assembly during crushing and pulping is 150-1500 rpm, and the crushing time is 1-15 min.
10. The kitchen waste automatic crushing and pulping process according to claim 1, wherein the device further comprises a limiting component which is arranged on the rail to limit the limit position of the fixing frame moving up and down along the rail in the vertical direction.
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| CN202010871370.8A CN112108245B (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Automatic crushing and slurrying process for kitchen garbage |
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