CN112108002A - Ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112108002A CN112108002A CN202010953857.0A CN202010953857A CN112108002A CN 112108002 A CN112108002 A CN 112108002A CN 202010953857 A CN202010953857 A CN 202010953857A CN 112108002 A CN112108002 A CN 112108002A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0006—Organic membrane manufacture by chemical reactions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/40—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. salts, amides, imides, nitriles, anhydrides, esters
- B01D71/42—Polymers of nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/24—Mechanical properties, e.g. strength
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/30—Chemical resistance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/36—Hydrophilic membranes
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ultrafiltration membrane is prepared from the following components: chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, modified polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether and dimethylformamide; the ultrafiltration membrane is subjected to hydrophilic modification, so that the infiltration rate of the ultrafiltration membrane is high, the water flux of the ultrafiltration membrane is increased, and the rejection rate of the ultrafiltration membrane is improved; after the polyvinyl chloride is subjected to chlorination modification, the chlorine content of the material is improved, so that the molecular bond polarity of the material is increased, the intermolecular force is enhanced, the chemical stability is increased, and the mechanical property, the chemical corrosion resistance and the heat resistance of the material are all greatly improved; by modifying polyacrylonitrile, noble metal and rare metal ions of polyacrylonitrile have high adsorption capacity; the ultrafiltration membrane has good wastewater treatment effect, good physical property and mechanical property, low loss and low wastewater treatment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, in particular to an ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The membrane is a material with selective separation function, and the process of separating, purifying and concentrating different components of feed liquid by utilizing the selective separation of the membrane is called as a membrane separation technology. The membrane separation technology has been widely used in gas separation, material separation and water treatment as a novel separation technology, wherein the water treatment field has the largest demand for membrane products, which is different from the conventional filtration in that the membrane can perform separation in a molecular range, and the process is a physical process without phase change and addition of an auxiliary agent.
In the application field of membrane separation, polyvinyl chloride has the advantages of excellent acid and alkali resistance, high temperature resistance, fungus resistance, low price, easily-bought raw materials and the like, and can be prepared into an ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment, but the polyvinyl chloride ultrafiltration membrane has poor hydrophilicity, lower flux, poorer toughness, poor chemical corrosion resistance and poor adsorptivity.
Therefore, how to improve the problems of poor hydrophilicity, lower flux, poorer toughness, poor chemical corrosion resistance and poor adsorptivity of the existing polyvinyl chloride ultrafiltration membrane is the problem to be solved by the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention aims to provide an ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ultrafiltration membrane comprises the following steps: (1) the method comprises the steps of putting chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, modified polyacrylonitrile and polyethylene glycol into dimethylformamide, uniformly mixing, defoaming in vacuum to obtain a raw material solution, spinning the raw material solution through a spinning machine to obtain a fiber membrane, immersing the fiber membrane into a deionized water coagulation bath, stretching the coagulated fiber membrane to obtain a fiber ultrafiltration membrane, adding deionized water into polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, completely dissolving to form a polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution, immersing the fiber ultrafiltration membrane into the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution, performing hydrophilization treatment, taking out the fiber ultrafiltration membrane after the hydrophilization treatment, and airing at room temperature to obtain the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment, so that the problems of poor hydrophilicity and low flux of the existing polyvinyl chloride ultrafiltration membrane are solved; (2) polyvinyl chloride, deionized water, concentrated hydrochloric acid, vinyltrimethylsilane, (perfluorohexyl) phenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate and alkyl glucoside are put into a reaction kettle, chlorine is introduced for reaction, the reaction kettle is washed by distilled water and then filtered, filtrate is removed, and a filter cake is dried to obtain chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, so that the problems of poor toughness and poor chemical corrosion resistance of the conventional polyvinyl chloride ultrafiltration membrane are solved; (3) the modified polyacrylonitrile is obtained by washing polyacrylonitrile with a sodium carbonate aqueous solution and a soap flake solution, then washing with deionized water, then drying the polyacrylonitrile, putting the dried polyacrylonitrile into a hydroxylamine hydrochloride aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value with sodium hydroxide, then stirring for reaction, cooling after the reaction is finished, then taking out a product, and washing the product with an ethanol solution and distilled water.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
an ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
20-40 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 2-5 parts of modified polyacrylonitrile, 10-20 parts of polyethylene glycol, 1-3 parts of polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether and 40-60 parts of dimethylformamide;
the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, modified polyacrylonitrile and polyethylene glycol into dimethylformamide, stirring and mixing at 50-100 deg.C and 50-200r/min, mixing, and vacuum defoaming to obtain raw material solution;
step two: spinning the raw material solution by a spinning machine to obtain a fiber membrane, immersing the fiber membrane into deionized water coagulation bath at the temperature of 30-60 ℃, and then stretching the coagulated fiber membrane to 1.5-2 times of the original length to obtain a fiber ultrafiltration membrane;
step three: adding deionized water with the weight being 10-20 times that of the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether into the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, forming a polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution after complete dissolution, putting the fiber ultrafiltration membrane into the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution for soaking, and performing hydrophilization treatment;
step four: and taking out the fiber ultrafiltration membrane subjected to hydrophilization treatment, and airing at room temperature to obtain the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment.
As a further scheme of the invention: the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following steps:
s21, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 500-700 parts of deionized water, 50-80 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 0.01-0.1 part of vinyl trimethylsilane, 0.1-0.4 part of (perfluorohexyl) phenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate and 0.1-0.4 part of alkyl glucoside;
s22, putting polyvinyl chloride, deionized water, concentrated hydrochloric acid, vinyltrimethylsilane, (perfluorohexyl) phenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate and alkyl glucoside into a reaction kettle, introducing chlorine gas at the temperature of 60-100 ℃, controlling the flow rate of the chlorine gas at 350g/h, reacting for 2-3h, washing with distilled water until the pH value is 6-8, filtering, removing filtrate, and drying filter cakes to obtain the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride.
As a further scheme of the invention: the modified polyacrylonitrile is prepared by the following steps:
s31, washing polyacrylonitrile with 1.0g/L sodium carbonate aqueous solution for 20-40min at 50-70 ℃, then washing with 2.0g/L soap flake solution for 20-40min, then washing with deionized water for 1-2h, and then taking out the polyacrylonitrile and drying in vacuum at 40-60 ℃; the soap flakes are common soaps in the market and are obtained by drying;
s32, putting the dried polyacrylonitrile into 0.4mol/L hydroxylamine hydrochloride water solution, adjusting the pH to 5-7 by using sodium hydroxide, stirring and reacting for 2-3h at 70-80 ℃, cooling, taking out a product, washing the product for 5-10min by using an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 75%, and then washing for 10-20min by using distilled water to obtain the modified polyacrylonitrile.
As a further scheme of the invention: the dosage of the polyacrylonitrile, the hydroxylamine hydrochloride and the sodium hydroxide is 1: 1-2:0.5-1.
As a further scheme of the invention: a preparation method of an ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, modified polyacrylonitrile and polyethylene glycol into dimethylformamide, stirring and mixing at 50-100 deg.C and 50-200r/min, mixing, and vacuum defoaming to obtain raw material solution;
step two: spinning the raw material solution by a spinning machine to obtain a fiber membrane, immersing the fiber membrane into deionized water coagulation bath at the temperature of 30-60 ℃, and then stretching the coagulated fiber membrane to 1.5-2 times of the original length to obtain a fiber ultrafiltration membrane;
step three: adding deionized water with the weight being 10-20 times that of the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether into the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, forming a polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution after complete dissolution, putting the fiber ultrafiltration membrane into the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution for soaking, and performing hydrophilization treatment;
step four: and taking out the fiber ultrafiltration membrane subjected to hydrophilization treatment, and airing at room temperature to obtain the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention relates to an ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment and a preparation method thereof, wherein chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, modified polyacrylonitrile and polyethylene glycol are put into dimethylformamide, and are uniformly mixed and defoamed in vacuum to obtain a raw material solution, the raw material solution is spun by a spinning machine to obtain a fiber membrane, the fiber membrane is immersed into a deionized water coagulation bath, then the coagulated fiber membrane is stretched to obtain a fiber ultrafiltration membrane, deionized water is added into polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether to form a polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution after complete dissolution, the fiber ultrafiltration membrane is immersed into the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution to carry out hydrophilic alcohol ether treatment, the fiber ultrafiltration membrane after hydrophilic treatment is taken out and dried at room temperature to obtain the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment; the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment synthesizes the amphiphilic graft blend through the polymer, and the membrane can be quickly soaked by water due to amphiphilic modification, because the amphiphilic graft copolymer forms a more compact gel layer of hundreds of nanometers on the surface of the membrane and the membrane when the membrane is formed by phase inversion, and the gel layer is hydrated with water molecules to form a water molecule channel, so that the water flux of the ultrafiltration membrane is increased, and the rejection rate of the ultrafiltration membrane is improved;
(2) the invention relates to an ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment and a preparation method thereof.A polyvinyl chloride, deionized water, concentrated hydrochloric acid, vinyltrimethylsilane, (perfluorohexyl) phenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate and alkyl glucoside are put into a reaction kettle, chlorine is introduced for reaction, the reaction kettle is washed by distilled water and then filtered, filtrate is removed, and a filter cake is dried to obtain chlorinated polyvinyl chloride; after the polyvinyl chloride is subjected to chlorination modification, the chlorine content of the material is increased from 56.7% to 63% -68%, so that the molecular bond polarity of the material is increased, the intermolecular force is enhanced, the chemical stability is increased, and the mechanical property, the chemical corrosion resistance and the heat resistance of the material are greatly improved;
(3) the invention relates to an ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment and a preparation method thereof.A polyacrylonitrile is washed by a sodium carbonate aqueous solution and a soap piece solution, then washed by deionized water, then dried, put into a hydroxylamine hydrochloride aqueous solution, adjust the pH value by using sodium hydroxide, then stir for reaction, cool after the reaction is finished, then take out a product, and wash the product by an ethanol solution and distilled water to obtain modified polyacrylonitrile; the modified polyacrylonitrile contains amidoxime group which has N and O atoms with non-bonding lone electrons, and these atoms can form coordinate bond with metal by one lone electron pair to form stable structure similar to small molecule chelate fiber, so that the prepared ultrafiltration membrane for treating waste water has high adsorption capacity to noble metal and rare metal ions, and has high selectivity3+、Pt4+And Ag+When noble metal ions are reduced into elemental metal, the adsorption capacity is large, the selectivity is high, and the reduced noble metal product can be crystallized and precipitated on ultrafiltration membrane fibers, so that the separation and recovery are quick and simple, and the noble metal ion has a good application prospect in the aspect of extracting and recovering the noble metal from waste liquid;
therefore, the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment has the advantages of high selectivity, high adsorption speed, easiness in elution and regeneration and the like, has a good wastewater treatment effect, has good physical and mechanical properties, is not easy to lose, and reduces the cost of wastewater treatment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the embodiment is an ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
20 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 2 parts of modified polyacrylonitrile, 10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 1 part of polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether and 40 parts of dimethylformamide;
the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, modified polyacrylonitrile and polyethylene glycol into dimethylformamide, stirring and mixing at 50 ℃ and 50r/min, uniformly mixing, and performing vacuum defoaming to obtain a raw material solution;
step two: spinning the raw material solution by a spinning machine to obtain a fiber membrane, immersing the fiber membrane into deionized water coagulation bath at 30 ℃, and then stretching the coagulated fiber membrane to 1.5 times of the original length to obtain a fiber ultrafiltration membrane;
step three: adding 10 times of deionized water by weight into polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, forming a polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution after complete dissolution, putting the fiber ultrafiltration membrane into the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution for soaking, and performing hydrophilization treatment;
step four: and taking out the fiber ultrafiltration membrane subjected to hydrophilization treatment, and airing at room temperature to obtain the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment.
The chlorinated polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following steps:
s21, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 500 parts of deionized water, 50 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 0.01 part of vinyl trimethylsilane, 0.1 part of (perfluorohexyl) phenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate and 0.1 part of alkyl glucoside;
s22, putting polyvinyl chloride, deionized water, concentrated hydrochloric acid, vinyltrimethylsilane, (perfluorohexyl) phenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate and alkyl glucoside into a reaction kettle, introducing chlorine gas at 60 ℃, controlling the flow rate of the chlorine gas at 150g/h, reacting for 2, washing with distilled water until the pH value is 6, filtering, removing filtrate, and drying filter cakes to obtain the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride.
The modified polyacrylonitrile is prepared by the following steps:
s31, washing polyacrylonitrile for 20min by using a sodium carbonate aqueous solution of 1.0g/L at the temperature of 50 ℃, then washing for 20min by using a soap flake solution of 2.0g/L, then washing for 1h by using deionized water, and then taking out the polyacrylonitrile and drying in vacuum at the temperature of 40 ℃;
s32, putting the dried polyacrylonitrile into 0.4mol/L hydroxylamine hydrochloride water solution, adjusting the pH to 5 by using sodium hydroxide, stirring and reacting for 2h at 70-80 ℃, cooling, taking out a product, washing the product for 5min by using ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 75%, and then washing for 10min by using distilled water to obtain the modified polyacrylonitrile.
The dosage of the polyacrylonitrile, the hydroxylamine hydrochloride and the sodium hydroxide is 1: 1:0.5.
Example 2:
the embodiment is an ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
30 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 4 parts of modified polyacrylonitrile, 15 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2 parts of polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether and 50 parts of dimethylformamide;
the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, modified polyacrylonitrile and polyethylene glycol into dimethylformamide, stirring and mixing at 75 ℃ and the rotation speed of 125r/min, uniformly mixing, and performing vacuum defoaming to obtain a raw material solution;
step two: spinning the raw material solution by a spinning machine to obtain a fiber membrane, immersing the fiber membrane into deionized water coagulation bath at 45 ℃, and then stretching the coagulated fiber membrane to 1.8 times of the original length to obtain a fiber ultrafiltration membrane;
step three: adding 15 times of deionized water by weight into polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, forming a polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution after complete dissolution, putting the fiber ultrafiltration membrane into the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution for soaking, and performing hydrophilization treatment;
step four: and taking out the fiber ultrafiltration membrane subjected to hydrophilization treatment, and airing at room temperature to obtain the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment.
The chlorinated polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following steps:
s21, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 600 parts of deionized water, 65 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 0.05 part of vinyltrimethylsilane, 0.3 part of (perfluorohexyl) phenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate and 0.2 part of alkyl glucoside;
s22, putting polyvinyl chloride, deionized water, concentrated hydrochloric acid, vinyltrimethylsilane, (perfluorohexyl) phenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate and alkyl glucoside into a reaction kettle, introducing chlorine gas at 80 ℃, controlling the flow rate of the chlorine gas at 250g/h, reacting for 2.5h, washing with distilled water until the pH value is 7, filtering, removing filtrate, and drying a filter cake to obtain the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride.
The modified polyacrylonitrile is prepared by the following steps:
s31, washing polyacrylonitrile by using a 1.0g/L sodium carbonate aqueous solution for 30min at the temperature of 60 ℃, then washing by using a 2.0g/L soap piece solution for 30min, then washing by using deionized water for 1.5h, and then taking out the polyacrylonitrile and drying in vacuum at the temperature of 50 ℃;
s32, putting the dried polyacrylonitrile into 0.4mol/L hydroxylamine hydrochloride water solution, adjusting the pH value to 6 by using sodium hydroxide, stirring and reacting for 2.5h at 75 ℃, cooling, taking out a product, washing the product for 8min by using ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 75%, and then washing for 15min by using distilled water to obtain the modified polyacrylonitrile.
The dosage of the polyacrylonitrile, the hydroxylamine hydrochloride and the sodium hydroxide is 1: 1.5:0.75.
Example 3:
the embodiment is an ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
40 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 5 parts of modified polyacrylonitrile, 20 parts of polyethylene glycol, 3 parts of polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether and 60 parts of dimethylformamide;
the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, modified polyacrylonitrile and polyethylene glycol into dimethylformamide, stirring and mixing at 100 ℃ and the rotation speed of 200r/min, uniformly mixing, and performing vacuum defoaming to obtain a raw material solution;
step two: spinning the raw material solution by a spinning machine to obtain a fiber membrane, immersing the fiber membrane into deionized water coagulation bath at 60 ℃, and then stretching the coagulated fiber membrane to 2 times of the original length to obtain a fiber ultrafiltration membrane;
step three: adding 20 times of deionized water by weight into polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, forming a polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution after complete dissolution, putting the fiber ultrafiltration membrane into the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution for soaking, and performing hydrophilization treatment;
step four: and taking out the fiber ultrafiltration membrane subjected to hydrophilization treatment, and airing at room temperature to obtain the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment.
The chlorinated polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following steps:
s21, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 700 parts of deionized water, 80 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 0.1 part of vinyltrimethylsilane, 0.4 part of (perfluorohexyl) phenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate and 0.4 part of alkyl glucoside;
s22, putting polyvinyl chloride, deionized water, concentrated hydrochloric acid, vinyltrimethylsilane, (perfluorohexyl) phenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate and alkyl glucoside into a reaction kettle, introducing chlorine gas at 100 ℃, controlling the flow rate of the chlorine gas at 350g/h, reacting for 3h, washing with distilled water until the pH value is 8, filtering, removing filtrate, and drying a filter cake to obtain the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride.
The modified polyacrylonitrile is prepared by the following steps:
s31, washing polyacrylonitrile with 1.0g/L sodium carbonate aqueous solution for 40min at 70 ℃, then washing with 2.0g/L soap flake solution for 40min, then washing with deionized water for 2h, and then taking out the polyacrylonitrile and drying in vacuum at 60 ℃;
s32, putting the dried polyacrylonitrile into 0.4mol/L hydroxylamine hydrochloride water solution, adjusting the pH to 7 by using sodium hydroxide, stirring and reacting for 3h at 70-80 ℃, cooling, taking out a product, washing the product for 10min by using ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 75%, and then washing for 20min by using distilled water to obtain the modified polyacrylonitrile.
The dosage of the polyacrylonitrile, the hydroxylamine hydrochloride and the sodium hydroxide is 1: 2:1.
Comparative example:
the comparative example is a common polyvinyl chloride ultrafiltration membrane;
as can be seen from the above table, the tensile strength of the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment prepared in examples 1 to 3 is 56.9 to 58.6MPa, which indicates that the ultrafiltration membrane has high tensile property, high strength and is not easy to damage; the elongation at break is 3535-37.7%, which shows that the ultrafiltration membrane has higher toughness; the water flux is 1178-1286[ L/(m)2·h·0.1mpa)]The ultrafiltration membrane has higher water flux; the retention rate is 95.6-98.2%, which shows that the ultrafiltration membrane has higher retention rate, namely good sewage treatment effect.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. An ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
20-40 parts of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, 2-5 parts of modified polyacrylonitrile, 10-20 parts of polyethylene glycol, 1-3 parts of polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether and 40-60 parts of dimethylformamide;
the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, modified polyacrylonitrile and polyethylene glycol into dimethylformamide, stirring and mixing at 50-100 deg.C and 50-200r/min, mixing, and vacuum defoaming to obtain raw material solution;
step two: spinning the raw material solution by a spinning machine to obtain a fiber membrane, immersing the fiber membrane into deionized water coagulation bath at the temperature of 30-60 ℃, and then stretching the coagulated fiber membrane to 1.5-2 times of the original length to obtain a fiber ultrafiltration membrane;
step three: adding deionized water with the weight being 10-20 times that of the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether into the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, forming a polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution after complete dissolution, putting the fiber ultrafiltration membrane into the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution for soaking, and performing hydrophilization treatment;
step four: and taking out the fiber ultrafiltration membrane subjected to hydrophilization treatment, and airing at room temperature to obtain the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment.
2. The ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, wherein the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride is prepared by the following steps:
s21, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 500-700 parts of deionized water, 50-80 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 0.01-0.1 part of vinyl trimethylsilane, 0.1-0.4 part of (perfluorohexyl) phenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate and 0.1-0.4 part of alkyl glucoside;
s22, putting polyvinyl chloride, deionized water, concentrated hydrochloric acid, vinyltrimethylsilane, (perfluorohexyl) phenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate and alkyl glucoside into a reaction kettle, introducing chlorine gas at the temperature of 60-100 ℃, controlling the flow rate of the chlorine gas at 350g/h, reacting for 2-3h, washing with distilled water until the pH value is 6-8, filtering, removing filtrate, and drying filter cakes to obtain the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride.
3. The ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, wherein the modified polyacrylonitrile is prepared by the following steps:
s31, washing polyacrylonitrile with 1.0g/L sodium carbonate aqueous solution for 20-40min at 50-70 ℃, then washing with 2.0g/L soap flake solution for 20-40min, then washing with deionized water for 1-2h, and then taking out the polyacrylonitrile and drying in vacuum at 40-60 ℃;
s32, putting the dried polyacrylonitrile into 0.4mol/L hydroxylamine hydrochloride water solution, adjusting the pH to 5-7 by using sodium hydroxide, stirring and reacting for 2-3h at 70-80 ℃, cooling, taking out a product, washing the product for 5-10min by using an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 75%, and then washing for 10-20min by using distilled water to obtain the modified polyacrylonitrile.
4. The ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment according to claim 3, wherein the dosage ratio of polyacrylonitrile, hydroxylamine hydrochloride and sodium hydroxide is 1: 1-2:0.5-1.
5. The preparation method of the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, modified polyacrylonitrile and polyethylene glycol into dimethylformamide, stirring and mixing at 50-100 deg.C and 50-200r/min, mixing, and vacuum defoaming to obtain raw material solution;
step two: spinning the raw material solution by a spinning machine to obtain a fiber membrane, immersing the fiber membrane into deionized water coagulation bath at the temperature of 30-60 ℃, and then stretching the coagulated fiber membrane to 1.5-2 times of the original length to obtain a fiber ultrafiltration membrane;
step three: adding deionized water with the weight being 10-20 times that of the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether into the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, forming a polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution after complete dissolution, putting the fiber ultrafiltration membrane into the polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether solution for soaking, and performing hydrophilization treatment;
step four: and taking out the fiber ultrafiltration membrane subjected to hydrophilization treatment, and airing at room temperature to obtain the ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113368704A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-09-10 | 科威天使环保科技集团股份有限公司 | High-performance ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment and preparation method thereof |
| CN114471169A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 德蓝水技术股份有限公司 | PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) membrane for high-pollution wastewater treatment and preparation method thereof |
| CN114538685A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏万邦达环保科技有限公司 | Process for removing low-boiling organic matters in high-concentration wastewater |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113368704A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-09-10 | 科威天使环保科技集团股份有限公司 | High-performance ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatment and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114538685A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏万邦达环保科技有限公司 | Process for removing low-boiling organic matters in high-concentration wastewater |
| CN114538685B (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-12-02 | 江苏万邦达环保科技有限公司 | Process for removing low-boiling organic matters in high-concentration wastewater |
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