CN112106720A - Intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond, control method and application - Google Patents

Intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond, control method and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112106720A
CN112106720A CN202011119936.8A CN202011119936A CN112106720A CN 112106720 A CN112106720 A CN 112106720A CN 202011119936 A CN202011119936 A CN 202011119936A CN 112106720 A CN112106720 A CN 112106720A
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China
Prior art keywords
pond
water
ecological
solid
culture
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Pending
Application number
CN202011119936.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邓晓川
杨长军
仪春彦
林珏
杨焕超
周锦福
陈彦伶
龚全
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nanchong Yingyu Aquatic Technology Co ltd
Institute Of Aquaculture Sichuan Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
Original Assignee
Nanchong Yingyu Aquatic Technology Co ltd
Institute Of Aquaculture Sichuan Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
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Application filed by Nanchong Yingyu Aquatic Technology Co ltd, Institute Of Aquaculture Sichuan Academy Of Agricultural Sciences filed Critical Nanchong Yingyu Aquatic Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN202011119936.8A priority Critical patent/CN112106720A/en
Publication of CN112106720A publication Critical patent/CN112106720A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture and discloses an intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond, a control method and application, wherein the bottom of the culture pond is connected with a precipitation filter pond through a pipeline, the upper part of the precipitation filter pond is connected with a waste collection pond through a pipeline, the lower end of the precipitation filter pond is connected with a solid-liquid separator through a pipeline, and the solid-liquid separator is arranged in the waste collection pond; the intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond is also provided with an ecological purification pond, and one side of the ecological purification pond is provided with a pumping facilityIs communicated with the culture pond. The ecological purification tank is provided with a primary treatment tank, a secondary treatment tank, a tertiary treatment tank and a clean water tank, and one side of the clean water tank is provided with a water taking ditch. The cross section area of the culture pond is 200m2A cylinder with the height of 3m and a conical bottom. The invention has low investment cost and high production benefit; the cultivation density is high, the management is easy, and the feed utilization rate is high; the fish live in the high dissolved oxygen flowing water for a long time, and the survival rate can be greatly improved; solid-liquid separation is adopted, so that the bottom mud pollution of the pond is reduced.

Description

Intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond, control method and application
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond, a control method and application.
Background
At present, with the increasing emphasis of the country on the ecological environment protection work of water areas, the problem of tail water discharge of aquaculture has received high attention from all parties. Relevant policy and regulation all put strict requirements on the discharge of tail water of aquaculture. In recent years, under the situation of high pressure of central environmental supervision, the cleaning and treatment force of aquaculture is increased in various places, and the aquaculture industry is greatly influenced. Under the current situation, in order to promote the sustainable development of aquaculture, an aquaculture tail water treatment method is urgently needed to be found, which can practically reduce the adverse effect on the ecological environment, is convenient and easy to operate and has operability. In addition, excrement and food residues generated by the fishes sink into the bottom of the pond in the pond culture process, are difficult to clean and are very unfavorable for water quality and fish health, and a brand-new fish pond is designed to meet the requirement of a pond industrial production mode.
Pollution sources of aquaculture: 1. 10-20% of the feed is not ingested, but is discharged into the water in the form of pellets and dissolved matter. 2. Only 20-25% of nitrogen and 25-40% of phosphorus in the ingested feed are absorbed and utilized by the cultured fishes, and the rest nitrogen and phosphorus are all discharged into the culture pond. 3. The total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic matter contents in the pond bottom soil are respectively more than 7 times, 1.5 times and 4 times of the natural soil. Aquaculture discharge and substrate deposition contamination are the primary forms of aquaculture.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: excrement and bait residues generated by the fishes during the pond culture process sink into the bottom of the pond and are difficult to clean, so that the water quality and the fish health are very unfavorable.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the majority of the residual baits and fish excretions (called wastes) which are not ingested enter the pond in liquid and solid forms, the wastes can cause eutrophication of the environment of the pond after being decomposed to cause massive growth of plankton, and the plankton can consume a large amount of oxygen when growing, developing and dying in the pond, thereby generating Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), easily causing water quality deterioration and anoxic death of the fishes, and influencing the quality of the fishes.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: saving resources, environment-friendly, intensive culture, convenient operation, controllable production, safe product and multiplied benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond, a control method and application.
The invention is realized in such a way that a novel ecological circulating water is provided with:
a culture pond;
the bottom of the culture pond is connected with a sedimentation and filtration pond through a pipeline, the upper part of the sedimentation pond is connected with a waste collection pond through a pipeline, the lower end of the sedimentation and filtration pond is connected with a solid-liquid separator through a pipeline, and the solid-liquid separator is arranged inside the waste collection pond; the culture pond is provided with a water quality conventional monitoring facility, and can alarm and automatically switch on and off an oxygenation system and a power generation system through monitoring data.
The ecological recirculating aquaculture pond of intelligence still is provided with ecological purification pond, ecological purification pond one side through the facility of drawing water with breed the pond intercommunication.
Further, a sedimentation filtering device is arranged in the sedimentation tank.
Further, the culture pond is communicated with the sedimentation and filtration pond.
Further, ecological purification tank is provided with primary treatment pond, secondary treatment pond, three processing ponds and clean water reservoir, clean water reservoir one side is provided with the ditch of getting water.
Further, the cross-sectional area of the culture pond is 200m2A cylinder with the height of 3m and a conical bottom.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a control method for the intelligent ecological recirculating aquaculture pond, which comprises: the drained water enters a sedimentation and filtration tank through the bottom of the culture tank, a solid-liquid separator is connected to the bottom of the sedimentation and filtration tank to enable solid substances to be precipitated at the bottom, and water flow returns to the sedimentation tank at the upper part of the solid-liquid separator and is recycled;
solid-state filth regularly carries out the manual work every day and discharges in the waste collection pond, and the water that discharges into ecological treatment pond just can get into after circular filter equipment filters, and circular filter equipment is driven by the motor and rotates, and the filter screen mesh is 100 meshes, mainly filters the suspended solid, has automatic washing unit, regularly washes the filth that adsorbs on the net piece, has the filth receiver in the net, flows into the filth collection pond through the pipeline, and the filth is as plant fertilizer after the fermentation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an aquaculture tail water treatment method using the intelligent ecological recirculating aquaculture pond.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for cleaning fish excreta, which uses the intelligent ecological recirculating aquaculture pond.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for cleaning fish food residues, which uses the intelligent ecological recirculating aquaculture pond.
The invention also aims to provide an industrialized production method of the fishpond, which uses the intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
firstly, the invention has simple structure, convenient manufacture and use, low investment cost and high production benefit (the production cost is reduced by about 30 percent compared with the traditional culture); the culture density is high (the total output is 2-3 times of that of pond culture), the culture area is small and the management is easy; the fish live in the high dissolved oxygen flowing water for a long time, the feed utilization rate is high, and the survival rate can be greatly improved; the labor efficiency is improved, the labor cost is reduced, the fishing is easy, and the fishing cost is reduced; solid-liquid separation is adopted, so that bottom mud pollution of the pond and water eutrophication are reduced.
Secondly, the tail water is recycled after being treated by ecology, so that zero emission is basically achieved, and the environmental protection requirement is met; the scale, intensive culture, factory and intelligent management of the outdoor pond are realized, and the concepts of healthy culture and sustainable development of the Chinese aquaculture industry are met; the green development target of the modern aquaculture industry with low carbon, high efficiency, energy conservation, emission reduction, safe quality and environmental protection is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ecological purification tank provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a culture pond; 2. a sedimentation and filtration tank; 3. a waste collection tank; 4. a solid-liquid separator; 5. a primary treatment tank; 6. a secondary treatment tank; 7. a third-stage treatment tank; 8. a clear water tank; 9. taking a ditch.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond, a control method and application thereof, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 2, the intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond provided by the invention comprises: the system comprises a culture pond 1, a sedimentation and filtration pond 2, a waste collection pond 3, a solid-liquid separator 4, a primary treatment pond 5, a secondary treatment pond 6, a tertiary treatment pond 7, a water purification pond 8 and a water taking ditch 9.
The bottom of the culture pond is connected with a precipitation filtering pond through a pipeline, a filter is connected with a waste collection pond through a pipeline, the lower end of the precipitation filtering pond is connected with a solid-liquid separator through a pipeline, and the solid-liquid separator is arranged in the waste collection pond; the ecological recirculating aquaculture pond of intelligence still is provided with ecological purification pond, and ecological purification pond one side is through pumping water facility and breed pond intercommunication. The water changing rate is kept for 8-10 times per day.
In this embodiment, the culture pond is communicated with the sedimentation and filtration pond.
In this embodiment, the area of the sedimentation and filtration tank is about 5% of the area of the culture tank. The interior 2 ponds that divide into, the centre has the isolation, and first pond is depositd for receiving the drainage of breeding the pond to deposit and tail water collection circulation through solid-liquid separator, the water in first pond gets into the second pond from upper portion, and this pond sets up filter equipment. The culture water enters the ecological purification tank after passing through the filtering device.
In this embodiment, ecological purification tank is provided with primary treatment pond, secondary treatment pond, tertiary treatment pond and clean water reservoir, and clean water reservoir one side is provided with the ditch of getting water.
In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the culture pond is 200m2A cylinder with the height of 3m and a conical bottom.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the drained water enters a sedimentation and filtration tank through the bottom of the culture tank, a solid-liquid separator is connected to the bottom of the sedimentation and filtration tank to enable solid substances to be precipitated at the bottom, and water flow returns to the sedimentation tank at the upper part of the solid-liquid separator and is continuously circulated and precipitated by utilizing the action of the water flow. The solid-liquid separator is a conical cylinder with the height of 1.5m and the diameter of 60cm, the bottom of the solid-liquid separator is provided with a solid waste discharge pipe, water in the sedimentation tank enters from the side surface of the bottom of the separator and flows out from the upper part of the separator, and the upper part of the separator is provided with a water flow slowing device for facilitating waste sedimentation. Each tank can be provided with 2 solid-liquid separators.
Solid dirt in the solid-liquid separator is manually discharged into a waste collecting tank every day, and water discharged into the ecological purifying tank can enter after being filtered by a circular filtering device in the precipitation filtering tank. Circular filter equipment is driven by the motor and rotates, and the device diameter is 1m, and length is 2m, and the filter screen is stainless steel, the mesh is 100 meshes, mainly filters solid-state material such as suspended solid, is furnished with automatic washing unit (the nozzle is electric nozzle) and regularly washes the filth that adsorbs on the net piece, has the filth receiver in the filter screen, flows in filth collecting pit through the pipeline. The dirt is fermented to be used as plant fertilizer.
Water in the ecological purification pond enters the culture pond through the water pumping facility in the water inlet ditch, and the culture pond is cylindrical, the bottom of the culture pond is conical, the culture inlet water flows along the direction of the pond wall, the whole water body forms a rotating vortex, and fish excrement and residual bait can be discharged into a middle water outlet of the culture pond along with water flow and enter the sedimentation filter pond (the water outlet of the culture pond is provided with a fish blocking grid). Divide into 2 ponds in the sedimentation filter pond, there is the isolation in the centre, and first pond slows down rivers and deposits solid waste for receiving the drainage of breeding the pond, and the bottom of the pool links to each other with solid-liquid separator and deposits and tail water collection circulation, and the water in first pond gets into the second pond from upper portion, and this pond sets up filter equipment. Circular filter equipment is driven by the motor and rotates, the filter screen is the stainless steel, mainly filter solid state material such as suspended solid, be furnished with automatic washing unit (the nozzle is electric nozzle) and regularly wash the filth that adsorbs on the net piece, there is the filth receiver in the filter screen, flow into filth collecting pit through the pipeline, solid state filth among the solid-liquid separator carries out the manual work every day and discharges in the waste collecting pit, the filth is as plant fertilizer after the fermentation, the breed water gets into ecological purification tank behind through filter equipment. The ecological purification tank is provided with a primary treatment tank, a secondary treatment tank, a tertiary treatment tank and a clean water tank, and one side of the clean water tank is provided with a water taking ditch. Emergent aquatic plants (reed, cattail canna, cane shoots, juncus effuses and the like) are planted in the primary treatment tank, submerged plants (foxtail algae, waterweed, hornworts and the like) are planted in the secondary treatment tank, and the 2 grades mainly reduce the flow rate, precipitate waste and absorb nitrogen and phosphorus. The third stage treatment pond mainly breeds filter-feeding flowers and silver carps and mainly controls the quantity of plankton generated by nutrients generated by wastes. The yield of these fish is about 20% of the yield of the eating fish. And is also part of the economic revenue. An oxygen increasing facility is erected in the pond of the level. The clean water pool is isolated by a fish-blocking fence, and an oxygenation facility is also erected. The water after aeration and oxygenation enters a water taking ditch.
The technical effects of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to experiments.
TABLE 1 ecological purification pond treatment effect table (average data of one month monitoring in California perch culture pond)
Figure BDA0002731632920000061
It can be seen that the transparency is significantly increased after the treatment, and the contents of suspended matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD are significantly reduced. Completely reaches the water for cultivation and discharge standard.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an ecological recirculating water aquaculture pond of intelligence, its characterized in that, ecological recirculating water aquaculture pond of intelligence is provided with:
a culture pond;
the bottom of the culture pond is connected with a precipitation filtering pond through a pipeline, the upper part of the precipitation filtering pond is connected with a waste collection pond through a pipeline, the lower end of the precipitation filtering pond is connected with a solid-liquid separator through a pipeline, and the solid-liquid separator is arranged inside the waste collection pond;
the ecological recirculating aquaculture pond of intelligence still is provided with ecological purification pond, ecological purification pond one side through the facility of drawing water with breed the pond intercommunication.
2. The intelligent ecological recirculating aquaculture pond of claim 1 wherein a sedimentation filter device is arranged in said sedimentation pond filter pond.
3. The intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond according to claim 1, wherein the culture pond is communicated with the sedimentation and filtration pond.
4. The intelligent ecological recirculating aquaculture pond of claim 1, wherein the ecological purification pond is provided with a primary treatment pond, a secondary treatment pond, a triple treatment pond and a clean water pond, and one side of the clean water pond is provided with a water taking ditch.
5. The intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond according to claim 1, wherein the culture pond has a cross-sectional area of 200m2A cylinder with the height of 3m and a conical bottom.
6. The control method of the intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control method of the intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond comprises the following steps: the drained water enters a sedimentation and filtration tank through the bottom of the culture tank, a solid-liquid separator is connected to the bottom of the sedimentation and filtration tank to enable solid substances to be precipitated at the bottom, and water flow returns to the sedimentation tank at the upper part of the solid-liquid separator and is recycled;
solid-state filth regularly carries out the manual work every day and discharges in the waste collection pond, and the water that discharges into ecological purification pond just can get into after circular filter equipment filters, and circular filter equipment is driven by the motor and rotates, and the filter screen mesh is 100 meshes, and main filtration suspended solid has automatic washing unit to regularly wash the filth that adsorbs on the net piece, has the filth receiver in the net, flows into the filth collection pond through the pipeline, and the filth is as plant fertilizer after the fermentation.
7. An aquaculture tail water treatment method, which is characterized in that the intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond of any one of claims 1-5 is used in the aquaculture tail water treatment method.
8. A method for cleaning fish excrement, which is characterized by using the intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond according to any one of claims 1-5.
9. A method for cleaning fish food residues, which is characterized by using the intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond of any one of claims 1-5.
10. An industrial production method of a fishpond, which is characterized in that the intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond of any one of claims 1-5 is used in the industrial production method of the fishpond.
CN202011119936.8A 2020-10-19 2020-10-19 Intelligent ecological circulating water culture pond, control method and application Pending CN112106720A (en)

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CN115417561A (en) * 2022-09-06 2022-12-02 湖南开天新农业科技有限公司 Aquaculture tail water treatment system

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CN113287560A (en) * 2021-05-27 2021-08-24 何海军 Water circulation ecological breeding area and breeding system
CN115417561A (en) * 2022-09-06 2022-12-02 湖南开天新农业科技有限公司 Aquaculture tail water treatment system

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