CN112105112A - BCD-based stroboflash-free alternating-current direct-drive LED driving system and application thereof - Google Patents
BCD-based stroboflash-free alternating-current direct-drive LED driving system and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
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- H05B45/325—Pulse-width modulation [PWM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of LED driving, in particular to a BCD-based stroboflash-free alternating-current direct-drive LED driving system and application thereof, wherein voltage sampling and over-voltage and under-voltage protection are integrated, input voltage is sampled in real time, and voltage protection is carried out through the over-voltage and under-voltage protection; temperature protection is integrated, and the voltage on the triode is compared, so that the module plays a role in temperature change, and temperature compensation and protection of a system are realized; the LED lamp is integrated with PWM control, internal hysteresis voltage is compared with an external input signal to generate a PWM signal, and the power switch tube is controlled to be switched on and switched off, so that the brightness of the LED lamp is controlled. The invention can realize high-low voltage hybrid control and feedback, has high system integration level, high reliability and temperature protection function, solves the low-voltage working state through the capacitance pump type switch and ensures that the current passing through the LED is a constant value. And PWM is supported to adjust the brightness of the external LED, so that the requirement of further energy saving is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of LED driving, in particular to a BCD-based stroboflash-free alternating-current direct-drive LED driving system and application thereof.
Background
At present, the lighting power consumption accounts for about 20% of the total world power consumption, and the lighting power consumption in China is more than 3000 billion kilowatt hours every year and accounts for about 12% of the total power consumption. Under the same lighting effect, the power consumption of the LED is one eighth of that of an incandescent lamp, and the power consumption of the LED is one half of that of a fluorescent lamp. According to doctor JeffNelson who is national laboratory of san diego, usa, if incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps in the world are replaced by white LEDs, the power generation of 38 nuclear power stations is saved.
With the popularity of LED light sources, the main drawback of current solid state lighting solutions is not the LEDs themselves, but the power supply that provides the lighting energy. The life expectancy of these switching power supplies (SMPS) is much shorter than that of LEDs, mainly because of the lifetime of the magnetic elements and electrolytic capacitors they contain. Another disadvantage is that SMPS are generally bulky and are a major source of electromagnetic interference (EMI). Given their size and generally limited lighting mounting space, they are unlikely to be mounted on the same PCB as the LEDs, thus requiring interconnects and leads, which is another potential source of failure.
Although the alternating-current direct-drive LED lamp has the advantages of lower cost, smaller appearance, higher performance, longer system life and the like. However, DACD technology has progressed slowly in this regard, especially in commercial and industrial markets, primarily because of its inherent flicker problem, which occurs when LEDs are turned off briefly. When the alternating current line crosses zero, the LED is turned off or flickers.
The hardware architecture of the current general alternating current direct drive technology on the market comprises a rectifier, a driving chip LED lamp bead and a peripheral circuit. As shown in fig. 1.
One significant solution to eliminate flicker is to keep the LED on when the power is off, which seems to be a simple remedy, but in practice there is a problem. As shown in fig. 2, led is turned off when the voltage signal crosses zero, thereby causing a strobe phenomenon.
To date, other DACD vendors have used traditional methods such as increasing the capacitance to keep the energy storage LED on. While this may solve the flicker problem, it may also cause distortion of the input line current waveform, thereby affecting Power Factor (PF) and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) performance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a BCD-based stroboflash-free alternating-current direct-drive LED driving system and application thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a non-stroboscopic alternating-current direct-drive LED driving system based on a BCD (binary coded decimal) process, which integrates constant-current driving, voltage sampling and over-voltage and under-voltage protection, samples input voltage in real time and protects the voltage through the over-voltage and under-voltage protection;
temperature protection is integrated, and the voltage on the triode is compared, so that the module plays a role in temperature change, and temperature compensation and protection of a system are realized;
the LED lamp is integrated with PWM control, internal hysteresis voltage is compared with an external input signal to generate a PWM signal, and the power switch tube is controlled to be switched on and switched off, so that the brightness of the LED lamp is controlled.
Furthermore, the voltage sampling is performed on the input voltage in real time by a voltage division mode through a sampling resistor, and the sampling voltage is the maximum value and the current value.
Furthermore, in the overvoltage and undervoltage protection, if the voltage is sampled and judged to be too high, the overvoltage protection is started; and when the judgment voltage is too low, starting the capacitor pump to discharge the capacitor and provide follow current for the LED.
Furthermore, in the overvoltage and undervoltage protection, if the voltage of the power grid suddenly rises and exceeds 250V, the voltage stabilizing diode VDW is broken down and conducted; further leading the triode VT to be conducted, and stopping the system; if the voltage of the power grid drops, the triode VT is cut off, the potential of the collector electrode of the triode VT rises, the bidirectional triode thyristor VS is triggered to be conducted, and the system continues to work.
Furthermore, the system sets a constant working current through the resistor R3 and ensures that the LED works in a constant current working state by the constant current drive.
In a second aspect, the invention discloses an application of a BCD (binary coded decimal) process-based stroboflash-free alternating-current direct-drive LED (light-emitting diode) driving system, wherein the application operation uses the BCD process-based stroboflash-free alternating-current direct-drive LED driving system in the first aspect, and when the application operation is used, input voltage is sampled in real time through a sampling resistor;
if the voltage exceeds the working range of the system, the input voltage is cut off, and the rear-stage LED lamp group is ensured not to be burnt out;
under normal voltage, a constant working current is set through R3, and an internal constant current module ensures that the LED works in a constant current working state;
under lower voltage, the capacitor pump is automatically started to charge, the system can still work under the condition of over-low voltage, and the stroboscopic state is eliminated.
Furthermore, in the application, when the input voltage is detected to be lower than Vin <1/2 × Vmax, the capacitance pump starts to work; the capacitor pump works in two stages, so that the voltage at two ends of the LED is improved under the condition of low voltage, and the function of assisting the storage of external capacitor electricity is realized, so that the problem of voltage zero-crossing flicker is avoided.
Further, the two stages are:
the first phases S1 and S4 are closed and S2 and S3 are open, starting the charging of the capacitor;
the second phases S2 and S3 are closed and S1 and S4 are open.
Furthermore, in the first stage, the negative electrode of the capacitor C is grounded, and the voltage of the positive electrode of the capacitor is Vin; in the second phase, the negative capacitor terminal Vin and the positive capacitor terminal Vout are approximately equal to 2 × Vin.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention utilizes the principle of BCD technology, high-voltage and low-voltage devices can be integrated on one chip, high-voltage and low-voltage hybrid control and feedback can be realized, and the system has high integration level and high reliability.
2. The invention integrates the temperature detection and temperature compensation circuit, and once the temperature is overhigh, the system has the function of temperature protection. The LED is driven to work in a constant current state, and the stroboscopic phenomenon caused by the fact that the voltage crosses zero and the LED is eliminated.
3. The invention solves the low-voltage working state through the capacitance pump type switch and ensures that the current passing through the LED is a constant value. And PWM is supported to adjust the brightness of the external LED, so that the requirement of further energy saving is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a common AC direct drive technology in the market;
FIG. 2 is a background art stroboscopic image diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a BCD process-based non-strobe alternating-current direct-drive LED driving system;
FIG. 4 is a functional 1 circuit schematic of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a functional 2 circuit schematic of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a functional 3 circuit schematic of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a functional 4 circuit schematic of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a functional 5 circuit schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 9 is a functional 6 circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the invention
FIG. 10 is a graph of experimental results of dissipated power in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph of output power experimental results according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a non-stroboscopic alternating-current direct-drive LED driving system based on a BCD (binary-coded decimal) process, which is shown in FIG. 1, wherein the system is integrated with constant-current drive, voltage sampling and over-voltage and under-voltage protection, carries out real-time sampling on input voltage, and carries out voltage protection through the over-voltage and under-voltage protection;
temperature protection is integrated, and the voltage on the triode is compared, so that the module plays a role in temperature change, and temperature compensation and protection of a system are realized;
the LED lamp is integrated with PWM control, internal hysteresis voltage is compared with an external input signal to generate a PWM signal, and the power switch tube is controlled to be switched on and switched off, so that the brightness of the LED lamp is controlled.
The voltage sampling is carried out on the input voltage in real time by a sampling resistor in a voltage division mode, and the sampling voltage is the maximum value and the current value.
In the overvoltage and undervoltage protection, if the voltage is sampled and judged to be too high, the overvoltage protection is started; and when the judgment voltage is too low, starting the capacitor pump to discharge the capacitor and provide follow current for the LED.
If the voltage of the power grid suddenly rises and exceeds 250V, the voltage stabilizing diode VDW is broken down and conducted at the moment; further leading the triode VT to be conducted, and stopping the system; if the voltage of the power grid drops, the triode VT is cut off, the potential of the collector electrode of the triode VT rises, the bidirectional triode thyristor VS is triggered to be conducted, and the system continues to work.
The system of the embodiment sets a constant working current through the resistor R3, and ensures that the LED works in a constant current working state through the constant current driving.
In this embodiment, after the 220V (380V) mains supply is connected, the original 50Hz sinusoidal ac signal is rectified into a 100Hz near steamed bun wave signal (see fig. 2) by a simple omnidirectional rectifying circuit.
The BCD process alternating current direct drive chip firstly samples input voltage in real time through a sampling resistor, and the sampling voltage is the maximum value and the current value.
If the voltage is found to exceed the working range of the system, the input voltage is cut off, and the LED lamp set at the rear stage is ensured not to be burnt out.
Under normal voltage, the driving chip sets constant working current through R3, and an internal constant current module ensures that the LED works in a constant current working state. Under lower voltage, the system can open the capacitive pump automatically and charge, ensures that the system still can work under the condition of excessively low voltage, and eliminates the stroboscopic state.
Because LED during operation is hot badly, this chip internal integration temperature detects and temperature compensation and excess temperature protection circuit, guarantees that chip and LED can not burn out because of the high temperature. Meanwhile, the PWM interface is reserved for customers to use, and the customers can select to adjust the working brightness of the LED through analog signals so as to achieve further energy-saving effect.
Example 2
The present embodiment discusses the functions of the system, as shown in fig. 4, function 1, which uses a R1R 2 voltage division mode to sample real-time voltage, and starts overvoltage protection when the voltage is too high. When the voltage is too low, the capacitor pump is started to discharge the capacitor and provide follow current for the LED.
As shown in fig. 5, in function 2, if the grid voltage suddenly rises and exceeds 250V, the voltage at the midpoint of RP causes the zener diode VDW to break down and conduct, the zener diode conducts the transistor VT, and after the VT conducts, the voltage drop between the collector and the emitter is small and is not enough to trigger VS, and the triac VS turns off, and the system stops working, thereby achieving the purpose of protection. Once the grid voltage drops, VT is cut off, the collector potential of VT rises, VS is triggered to be turned on again, and the system continues to work.
As shown in FIG. 6, function 3 operates on the principle that the voltage across R1 is constant at 0.6V, and the amplification factor of Q1 is β, so that the current flowing through the LED is
0.6 × β/R1 is a constant value, and R1 in the lower graph is R3 (outside the chip) in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 7, function 4, temperature compensation and protection, the temperature of the working environment of the chip is too high or the temperature is increased due to large dissipation power, which easily causes some tubes to be damaged due to too high temperature, and further causes the whole circuit to be in a breakdown state and unable to work normally. In order to prevent the power supply chip from operating at an excessive temperature, an over-temperature protection circuit needs to be designed. The comparator of the over-temperature protection module mainly functions to compare two voltages, namely the voltage Vq and the bias2 on the Ql, so that the module plays a role in temperature change.
As shown in fig. 8, function 5, PWM control to adjust LED brightness the PWM comparator circuit structure designed herein is shown as follows, and mainly functions as: and comparing the internal hysteresis voltage with an external input signal to generate a PWM signal, and controlling the on-off of the power switch tube so as to control the brightness of the LED lamp.
As shown in fig. 9, function 6, the capacitive pump boosts the voltage near the zero crossing, and starts to operate when the input voltage is detected to be low, Vin <1/2 × Vmax. In the first phase S1 and S4 are closed and S2 and S3 are open, allowing the capacitor to start charging. In the second phase S2 and S3 are closed and S1 and S4 are open. In the first stage, the negative electrode of the capacitor C is grounded, the voltage of the positive electrode of the capacitor is Vin, and in the second stage, the negative electrode of the capacitor is Vin, and the positive electrode Vout of the capacitor is approximately equal to 2 Vin. The voltage at two ends of the LED can be improved under the condition of low voltage through the capacitance pump, and the flicker problem of voltage zero crossing is avoided by the aid of the function of assisting external capacitance electric quantity storage.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the experimental result of the system is discussed, and when the output current is constant, the capacity of the external capacitor of the charge pump converter is related to the operating frequency of the oscillator: the higher the operating frequency, the smaller the capacitance. When the working frequency is from several kHz to dozens of kHz, a pump capacitor of 10 mu F is usually required to be externally connected; the working frequency of the novel device is improved to hundreds of kHz, even to 1MHz, and the capacitance of an external pump can be reduced to 1-0.22 muF. The working frequency of the invention is set to 500kHz, and because the current of the LED is 100mA, the external capacitance only needs 0.1 uF.
Since the capacitor is a non-energy-consuming element, the power conversion efficiency of the electrical switching converter can reach 100% in theory, and actually, due to various non-ideal factors, the power conversion efficiency is reduced, but still can be higher than 90%, and through proper element selection, the power conversion efficiency can reach more than 95%.
These non-ideal factors include: conduction loss of a switching MOS tube: mainly related to the duty cycle and the on-resistance of the MOSFET.
Second, dynamic loss: when the synchronous rectification mode is used, the synchronous rectification tube and the switching tube are conducted simultaneously to generate a switching loss, and the switching capacitor for driving the MOSFET also has a dynamic loss.
③ static loss: the various control circuits in the chip also require a certain power consumption, which is called static dissipation.
Both the first and second points mentioned above, when the external load is large, these losses are relatively small, so that the capacitive pump can achieve 95% efficiency. However, at lower loads, these losses become relatively large, affecting efficiency. And the third point can control the loss at the minimum part through the means of design.
In the above equation, Pout is the output power as shown in fig. 11, and Pd is the dissipation power as shown in fig. 10.
When the switch is switched on, the capacitor is charged, energy is transferred from the input to the output, the current is in ramp-up, when the voltage is higher, the switch is switched off, at the moment, the capacitor, the load and the diode form a natural follow current loop, and the current starts to linearly decrease; when the voltage is low to a certain degree, the switch is turned on again; by such a high frequency switching on and off, a stable output voltage is formed.
1. High and low voltage mosfets can be fabricated on a chip
2. The MOS on-resistance will be relatively small, typically around 0.2ohm, and the total value of Rd, plus various other impedances, will also be less than 100 ohm.
Because the system working current is about 100mA, when D is 0.5, Pd is 0.5W; when D is close to 1, Pd ═ 1 watt. Pout is designed around 60 watts, so the efficiency value of the overall system is very high.
In conclusion, the invention utilizes the principle of BCD process, high-voltage and low-voltage devices can be integrated on one chip, high-voltage and low-voltage hybrid control and feedback can be realized, and the system has high integration level and high reliability.
The invention integrates the temperature detection and temperature compensation circuit, and once the temperature is overhigh, the system has the function of temperature protection. The LED is driven to work in a constant current state, and the stroboscopic phenomenon caused by the fact that the voltage crosses zero and the LED is eliminated.
The invention solves the low-voltage working state through the capacitance pump type switch and ensures that the current passing through the LED is a constant value. And PWM is supported to adjust the brightness of the external LED, so that the requirement of further energy saving is met.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A non-stroboscopic alternating-current direct-drive LED driving system based on a BCD process is integrated with constant-current driving and is characterized in that the system is integrated with voltage sampling and over-voltage and under-voltage protection, carries out real-time sampling on input voltage and carries out voltage protection through the over-voltage and under-voltage protection;
temperature protection is integrated, and the voltage on the triode is compared, so that the module plays a role in temperature change, and temperature compensation and protection of a system are realized;
the LED lamp is integrated with PWM control, internal hysteresis voltage is compared with an external input signal to generate a PWM signal, and the power switch tube is controlled to be switched on and switched off, so that the brightness of the LED lamp is controlled.
2. The BCD process-based stroboflash-free alternating current direct drive LED driving system according to claim 1, wherein the voltage sampling samples input voltage in real time through a sampling resistor in a voltage division mode, and the sampling voltage is a maximum value and a current value.
3. The BCD process-based stroboflash-free alternating-current direct-drive LED driving system according to claim 1, wherein in the overvoltage and undervoltage protection, if the voltage sampling determines that the voltage is too high, the overvoltage protection is started; and when the judgment voltage is too low, starting the capacitor pump to discharge the capacitor and provide follow current for the LED.
4. The BCD process-based stroboflash-free alternating-current direct-drive LED driving system according to claim 2, wherein in the overvoltage and undervoltage protection, if the voltage of a power grid suddenly rises and exceeds 250V, a voltage stabilizing diode VDW is broken down and conducted; further leading the triode VT to be conducted, and stopping the system; if the voltage of the power grid drops, the triode VT is cut off, the potential of the collector electrode of the triode VT rises, the bidirectional triode thyristor VS is triggered to be conducted, and the system continues to work.
5. The BCD process-based non-strobe alternating-current direct-drive LED driving system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system sets a constant working current through a resistor R3, and the constant current drive ensures that the LED works in a constant current working state.
6. The application of the BCD process-based stroboflash-free alternating current direct-drive LED driving system is characterized in that when the BCD process-based stroboflash-free alternating current direct-drive LED driving system is used, the stroboflash-free alternating current direct-drive LED driving system is used, as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, and when the BCD process-based stroboflash-free alternating current direct-drive LED driving system is used, firstly, input voltage is sampled in real time through a sampling resistor;
if the voltage exceeds the working range of the system, the input voltage is cut off, and the rear-stage LED lamp group is ensured not to be burnt out;
under normal voltage, a constant working current is set through R3, and an internal constant current module ensures that the LED works in a constant current working state;
under lower voltage, the capacitor pump is automatically started to charge, the system can still work under the condition of over-low voltage, and the stroboscopic state is eliminated.
7. The application of the BCD process-based non-strobe AC direct drive LED driving system according to claim 6, wherein in the application, when the input voltage is detected to be lower than Vin <1/2 Vmax, the capacitive pump starts to work; the capacitor pump works in two stages, so that the voltage at two ends of the LED is improved under the condition of low voltage, and the function of assisting the storage of external capacitor electricity is realized, so that the problem of voltage zero-crossing flicker is avoided.
8. The application of the BCD process-based non-strobe alternating current direct drive LED driving system according to claim 7, wherein the two stages are:
the first phases S1 and S4 are closed and S2 and S3 are open, starting the charging of the capacitor;
the second phases S2 and S3 are closed and S1 and S4 are open.
9. The application of the BCD process-based non-stroboscopic AC direct-drive LED driving system according to claim 7, wherein in the first stage, the negative electrode of the capacitor C is grounded, and the voltage of the positive electrode of the capacitor is Vin; in the second phase, the negative capacitor terminal Vin and the positive capacitor terminal Vout are approximately equal to 2 × Vin.
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