CN112097978B

CN112097978B - Gelation solid-liquid gas phase mixed material body expansion pressure testing device

Info

Publication number: CN112097978B
Application number: CN202010863344.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许志峰; 王世英; 郭双锋; 蒋忠亮; 周涛
Original assignee: Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute
Current assignee: Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute
Priority date: 2020-08-25
Filing date: 2020-08-25
Publication date: 2022-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-25
Also published as: CN112097978A

Abstract

The invention discloses a gelation solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material body expansion pressure testing device.A heat insulating layer is bonded inside a fourth cavity cylinder of a spring cavity, the heat insulating layer separates isobaric liquid from the spring cavity, and the heat insulating layer blocks the heat transfer between the isobaric liquid and a lower end cover; the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity is made of spring steel 60Si2Mn, and the wall thickness of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity is 0.7-1.1 mm; the upper end face of the isobaric liquid is 15-20 mm higher than the second upper end concentric annular surface of the upper end cover; the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston is 50-60 mm higher than the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid; the seventh upper end circular plane of the piston is 70-80 mm higher than the concentric circular ring surface of the fourth upper end of the spring cavity; the invention converts the volume expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture into the pressure of the elemental liquid, then converts the pressure of the elemental gas, and further obtains the pressure through calculation, thereby realizing the measurement of the volume expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture.

Description

Gelation solid-liquid gas phase mixed material body expansion pressure testing device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of testing devices, relates to a body expansion pressure testing device, and particularly relates to a gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material body expansion pressure testing device.

Background

The high-energy fuel is filled in the solid-liquid phase mixed fuel charging warhead, the high-energy fuel and air are mixed to form the detonation fuel air explosive through the explosive explosion and throwing effect, large-range cloud and mist detonation is formed after detonation, and a target is damaged through damage modes such as shock wave damage, thermal damage, oxygen-poor damage and the like, so that the high-efficiency surface-killing weapon is long in detonation time, high in released energy and wide in reaching range.

The explosive power of the solid-liquid mixed fuel charging warhead is enhanced along with the increase of the diameter of fuel throwing, and the shell is usually of a thin-wall structure in order to not influence the fuel throwing range, so that the strength design of the shell is not excessively redundant.

The high-energy fuel in the solid-liquid phase mixed fuel charging warhead is a solid-liquid mixed material, and due to the fact that the densities of all components are different, the density of the solid-liquid phase material is high, the density of the liquid-phase material is low, the solid-liquid mixed material can be layered under the action of gravity, the material with high density can be settled to the lower portion, and the material with low density can be lifted to the upper portion. Once layered, the components cannot participate in the subsequent cloud detonation in a set proportion, and the battle force is reduced.

In order to solve the problem of layering of solid-liquid phase mixed materials under the action of gravity, gelling agent is added in the process of mixing the high-energy fuel, so that the high-energy fuel is gelled. The gelled state is viscous, the different components are stuck together, and no sedimentation occurs despite the different densities. The high-energy fuel and the gelling agent are inevitably taken in during the stirring and mixing process, and the air is also remained in the high-energy fuel after the gelling, so that the final state of the high-energy fuel is a gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture.

The structure of the solid-liquid phase mixed fuel charging warhead is a thin-wall shell structure filled with solid-liquid gas phase gelation mixed materials. In the actual use process of the solid-liquid mixed fuel charging warhead, the condition of-40 ℃ to 70 ℃ needs to be met, when the temperature rises, the volume expansion coefficient (1E-5) of the shell is small, and the volume expansion coefficient (1E-3) of the high-energy fuel is large, so that the high-energy fuel can cause large internal stress to the shell after expansion. If the shell is damaged, the solid-liquid mixed fuel charging warhead can be caused to fail. Therefore, it is necessary to test the volume expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixture material as a basis for designing the strength of the casing.

The testing of the expansion pressure of gas and liquid mainly adopts a spring type pressure gauge, and Diyu is reported in the literature, "shallow analysis general pressure gauge error source and solution thereof" (equipment management, 2016, 8 months): the spring type pressure gauge can test the pressure of gas and liquid. The principle is as follows: under the action of fluid medium pressure, the displacement of spring tube is used to drive gear to rotate, so driving pointer to drive rotating angle and displaying pressure value on dial. It is also reported in this document that when a foreign object appears in the pressure gauge, the reading of the pressure gauge will deviate, and the foreign object should be cleaned and the parts should be replaced. Therefore, the pressure gauge can be used only for pressure testing of gas and liquid, solid powder is equivalent to foreign matter, and the expansion pressure of the solid powder cannot be tested by the pressure gauge.

The expansion pressure test of the solid is mainly carried out by measuring the volume expansion coefficient of the solid and then calculating according to the elastic modulus of the solid. Whereas the bulk expansion coefficient of a solid is measured mainly by strain gauges. Huang Yonghua et al reported in the literature "simple device development for measuring thermal expansion coefficient and several material measurements" (chemical industry report, 2016 12 months, volume 67, page S2): the volume expansion coefficient of solid is mainly measured through the foil gage method, and the foil gage is as feeling original paper, and the dimensional change through the foil gage brings resistance change, and then turns into the signal of telecommunication, obtains through the instrument. This principle is not applicable to gases and liquids, and strain gauges cannot be used for measurement of gas and liquid volume expansion coefficients.

Therefore, no method for measuring the expansion pressure of a solid-liquid-gas three-phase mixture exists in China.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a device for testing the bulk expansion pressure of a gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material.

The invention provides a gelation solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material volume expansion pressure testing device, which comprises a solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 and is characterized by also comprising a shell 1, an upper end cover 2, a lower end cover 3, a spring cavity 4, an isobaric liquid 6, a piston 7, isobaric gas 8 and a heat insulating layer 9;

the shell 1 is a first cylinder, the first cylinder of the shell 1 is a revolving body, the upper end surface of the first cylinder of the shell 1 is a first upper end concentric circular ring surface, and the lower end surface of the first cylinder of the shell 1 is a first lower end concentric circular ring surface;

the axis of the revolution body of the shell 1 is vertical to the ground, and the shell 1 is filled with a gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture;

the upper end cover 2 is a second concentric circular plate, the second concentric circular plate of the upper end cover 2 is a revolving body, the upper end surface of the second concentric circular plate of the upper end cover 2 is a second upper end concentric torus, the lower end surface of the second concentric circular plate of the upper end cover 2 is a second lower end concentric torus, and the inner cylindrical surface of the second concentric circular plate of the upper end cover 2 is a second inner cylindrical surface;

the axis of the revolving body of the upper end cover 2 is superposed with the axis of the revolving body of the shell 1, the upper end cover 2 is positioned at the upper end of the shell 1, and the lower end edge of the second lower end concentric circular ring surface of the upper end cover 2 is hermetically connected with the first upper end concentric circular ring surface of the shell 1;

the lower end cover 3 is a third circular plate, the third circular plate of the lower end cover 3 is a revolving body, and the upper end surface of the third circular plate of the lower end cover 3 is a third upper end circular plane;

the axis of the revolving body of the lower end cover 3 is superposed with the axis of the revolving body of the shell 1, the lower end cover 3 is positioned at the lower end of the shell 1, and the edge of a third upper end circular plane of the lower end cover 3 is hermetically connected with a first lower end concentric circular ring surface of the shell 1;

the spring cavity 4 is a revolving body, the spring cavity 4 is formed by combining an upper part and a lower part, the upper part of the spring cavity 4 is a fourth cylinder, the upper end surface of the fourth cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is a fourth upper end concentric circular ring surface, the outer side surface of the fourth cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is a fourth outer cylindrical surface, the inner side surface of the fourth cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is a fourth inner cylindrical surface, the upper half part of the fourth inner cylindrical surface of the spring cavity 4 is provided with a fourth internal thread, the lower part of the spring cavity 4 is a fourth cavity cylinder, the lower end surface of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is a fourth lower end circular plane, the side surface of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is a fourth lower end outer cylindrical surface, the middle part of the fourth lower end surface of the spring cavity 4 is provided with a fourth annular groove, a bus of the fourth annular groove of the spring cavity 4 is semicircular, and the middle part of the fourth lower end circular plane of the spring cavity 4 is provided with a fourth hemispherical groove;

the axis of the revolving body of the spring cavity 4 is superposed with the axis of the revolving body of the shell 1, the lower part of the spring cavity 4 is positioned in the shell 1, and the middle part of the fourth outer cylindrical surface of the spring cavity 4 is hermetically connected with the second inner cylindrical surface of the upper end cover 2;

the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 is a gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixture, and the volume expansion pressure of the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 is obtained by the test of the invention;

the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 is filled in a closed space formed by the shell 1, the upper end cover 2, the lower end cover 3 and the spring cavity 4;

the isobaric liquid 6 is simple substance liquid, and the isobaric liquid 6 is an incompressible material;

an isobaric liquid 6 is filled inside the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5.

The piston 7 is a seventh cylinder, the seventh cylinder of the piston 7 is a revolving body, the outer side surface of the seventh cylinder of the piston 7 is a seventh outer cylindrical surface, the lower end surface of the seventh cylinder of the piston 7 is a seventh lower end circular plane, the upper end surface of the seventh cylinder of the piston 7 is a seventh upper end circular plane, and the upper half part of the seventh outer cylindrical surface of the piston 7 is provided with a seventh external thread;

the axis of the revolving body of the piston 7 coincides with the axis of the revolving body of the shell 1, the seventh outer cylindrical surface of the piston 7 is in relatively movable sealing contact with the fourth inner cylindrical surface of the spring cavity 4, and the seventh external thread of the piston 7 is in spiral fit contact with the fourth internal thread of the spring cavity 4;

the isobaric gas 8 is an elemental gas, and the isobaric gas 8 is insoluble in the isobaric liquid 6;

the isobaric gas 8 is filled in a cylindrical closed space formed by the fourth inner cylindrical surface of the spring cavity 4, the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston 7 and the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6;

the heat insulating layer 9 is a heat insulating material;

the heat insulating layer 9 is bonded inside the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4, the heat insulating layer 9 separates the isobaric liquid 6 from the spring cavity 4, and the heat insulating layer 9 blocks the heat transfer between the isobaric liquid 6 and the lower end cover 3;

the material of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is spring steel 60Si2Mn, and the wall thickness of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is 0.7-1.1 mm;

the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 is 15-20 mm higher than the second upper concentric annular surface of the upper end cover 2;

the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston 7 is 50-60 mm higher than the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6;

the seventh upper end circular plane of the piston 7 is 70-80 mm higher than the fourth upper end concentric circular ring surface of the spring cavity 4;

the gelation solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material volume expansion pressure testing device comprises the following steps:

step 1: bonding the heat insulation layer 9 on the inner surface of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4;

step 2: pouring an isostatic liquid 6 into the interior of the spring chamber 4;

and step 3: assembling the piston 7 with the spring chamber 4 and leaving the isobaric gas 8 inside the spring chamber 4;

and 4, step 4: assembling the spring cavity 4 with the upper end cover 2;

and 5: placing the lower end cover 3 on a horizontal table;

step 6: assembling the shell 1 with the lower end cover 3;

and 7: pouring the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 into the inner cavity formed by assembling the shell 1 and the lower end cover 3;

and 8: assembling the upper end cap 2 with the housing 1;

and step 9: marking the position of the upper end face of the isobaric liquid 6, heating the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 to a set temperature, at the moment, gradually moving the upper end face of the isobaric liquid 6 upwards, rotating the piston 7 to enable the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston 7 to move downwards, compressing the space of the isobaric gas 8, gradually moving the upper end face of the isobaric liquid 6 downwards along with the movement of the piston 7 until the upper end face of the isobaric liquid 6 is the same as the initial position, and setting the volume expansion pressure of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 at the temperature as P, wherein the value of P is as follows:

p is the expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material body, and the unit is: pa; t is the isobaric gas 8 initial state pressure value, unit: pa; l is the initial state length of the isobaric gas 8, i.e. the distance between the seventh lower circular plane of the initial state piston 7 and the upper end face of the isobaric liquid 6, in units: m; l is the final state length of the isobaric gas 8, i.e. the distance between the seventh lower circular plane of the final state piston 7 and the upper end face of the isobaric liquid 6, in units: m; a is an empirical coefficient, and the value range of a is 0.81-0.87.

The temperature testing system is arranged outside the device, the temperature of each part of the device is measured and displayed on a screen, and when the temperature of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 is set and the temperature of the isobaric liquid 6 and the isobaric gas 8 is at normal temperature, the expansion pressure of the internal material body is tested by the device;

the heat treatment method of the spring cavity 4 comprises the steps of heating the spring cavity 4 to 750-760 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5-2 hours, cooling in oil, heating the spring cavity 4 to 460-470 ℃, preserving heat for 2-2.5 hours, and cooling in air.

The automatic control system is arranged outside the device, can automatically observe the position of the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6, can automatically observe the position of the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston 7, is connected with the piston 7 and can control the piston 7 to move up and down, correspondingly adjusts the position of the piston 7 according to the position of the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 and the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston 7, and automatically calculates the pressure of the isobaric gas 8;

the spring cavity 4 is formed by connecting through a consumable electrode argon arc welding method, the upper part of the spring cavity 4 and the lower part of the spring cavity 4 are formed by machining respectively, after assembly, a tool is used for fixing the position, argon is used as protective gas, the spring cavity 4 is connected with a power supply anode, a welding wire is connected with a power supply cathode, the upper part of the spring cavity 4 and the lower part of the spring cavity 4 are connected in a welding mode, the welding energy density is 3400-3700 watts per square centimeter, after welding is completed, stress-relief annealing heat treatment is adopted, and then the fixing tool is loosened.

The monitoring system can monitor the position change of the lower surface of the isobaric gas 8 in the device for a long time, the monitoring system transmits data to the adjusting system, the adjusting system is connected with the piston 7, the adjusting system adjusts the position of the piston 7, the pressure of the isobaric gas 8 is measured at any time, the adjusting system transmits the relation between the pressure value of the isobaric gas 8 and the time change to the recording system, and the recording system stores the data;

the processing method of the spring cavity 4 is as follows:

the base material of the spring cavity 4 is a bar material, the lower end of the base material of the spring cavity 4 is clamped on a lathe, the fourth inner cylindrical surface of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the inner surface of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the fourth internal thread of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the fourth upper concentric circular ring surface of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the fourth outer cylindrical surface of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the clamping of the lower end of the base material of the spring cavity 4 is released, the fourth outer cylindrical surface of the spring cavity 4 is clamped again, the fourth lower circular plane of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the fourth lower outer cylindrical surface of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the fourth circular groove of the spring cavity 4 is machined, and finally, the fourth hemispherical groove of the spring cavity 4 is machined by using a forming cutter, so that the machining of the spring cavity 4 is completed.

A boss is connected to the seventh upper end circular plane upper end of piston 7, and the boss side has the external gear, and internal gear of piston 7's left side installation, internal gear can be around the fixed axle rotation, and internal gear and external gear constitute internal gear transmission system, through rotating the external gear, can drive the internal gear and rotate, and the drive ratio is 1: 13-18;

the invention is externally provided with a temperature measuring system, a control system, an observation system and an adjusting system, wherein a sensor of the temperature measuring system is contacted with a solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 to measure the temperature of the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 in real time, the temperature measuring system is connected with the control system and transmits the temperature data of the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 to the control system, the observation system is used for observing the seventh lower end circular plane of a piston 7 and the position of the upper end face of an isobaric liquid 6, the observation system is connected with the control system, the observation system transmits the observation result to the control system, the control system is connected with the adjusting system, the adjusting system is connected with an inner meshing gear transmission system, the control system correspondingly outputs a signal to the adjusting system according to the observation result of the observation system and adjusts the position of the piston 7 through the inner meshing gear transmission system, and simultaneously, the control system records the real-time corresponding relation of the temperature of the isobaric gas 8 and the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5, and then, the temperature of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 is subjected to raising and lowering cyclic regulation, and the result of the change of the internal stress of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 at the cyclic temperature along with the time is obtained and recorded.

A perspective device is arranged outside the spring cavity, the deformation of the internal parts of the spring cavity can be observed, the deformed shape is displayed on a three-dimensional projection, the expansion pressure of the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 is measured by the spring cavity, the piston 7 needs to be adjusted, the final shape of the spring cavity 4 is the same as the initial shape, and then the measurement result data is read;

the processing method of the piston 7 is as follows: the blank of the piston 7 is a bar, the blank upper end of the piston 7 is clamped on a lathe, the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston 7 is machined, the seventh outer cylindrical surface of the piston 7 is machined, the clamping of the blank of the piston 7 is released, the seventh outer cylindrical surface lower end of the piston 7 is clamped again, the seventh upper end circular plane of the piston 7 is machined, a center hole is machined in the center of the seventh upper end circular plane of the piston 7 through center drilling, a live center is used for propping against the center hole, a tool withdrawal groove of the seventh external thread of the piston 7 is machined, and the seventh external thread of the piston 7 is machined, so far, the machining of the piston 7 is completed.

The invention relates to a device for testing the volume expansion pressure of a gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material, which brings the following technical effects:

according to the invention, a gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture is placed in a closed space, a spring cavity is placed in the center of the gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture, elemental liquid is filled in the spring cavity, thermal expansion stress is transmitted to the elemental liquid through the spring cavity after the temperature of the gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture is raised, and the internal pressure of the elemental liquid is the same as the pressure of the gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture by adjusting the deformation of the spring cavity. At this time, the volume expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixture is the same as the pressure of the simple substance liquid. The upper end of the simple substance liquid is simple substance gas, the pressure of the simple substance gas is the same as the pressure of the simple substance liquid through the pressure balance effect, and the gas pressure is obtained through calculation, wherein the pressure is the internal stress of the simple substance liquid, namely the volume expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture. The invention converts the volume expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture into the pressure of the elemental liquid, then converts the pressure of the elemental gas, and further obtains the pressure through calculation, thereby realizing the measurement of the volume expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gelation solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material volume expansion pressure testing device. 1. The device comprises a shell, 2, an upper end cover, 3, a lower end cover, 4, a spring cavity, 5, a solid-liquid-gas phase mixture, 6, isobaric liquid, 7, a piston, 8, isobaric gas, 9 and a heat insulating layer.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and equivalent changes based on the technical scheme of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material volume expansion pressure testing device, which comprises a solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5, and is characterized by further comprising a shell 1, an upper end cap 2, a lower end cap 3, a spring cavity 4, an isobaric liquid 6, a piston 7, an isobaric gas 8, and a heat insulating layer 9;

the shell 1, the upper end cover 2 and the lower end cover 3 are all thick-walled materials, and when the temperature rises and the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 expands, the expansion force of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 acts on the shell 1, the upper end cover 2 and the lower end cover 3, the deformation of the shell 1, the upper end cover 2 and the lower end cover 3 is small enough to be ignored.

the isobaric liquid 6 is simple substance liquid, the isobaric liquid 6 is non-compressible material, the volume deformation of the isobaric liquid 6 under the action of pressure is small to be ignored, the volume expansion coefficient of the isobaric liquid 6 is extremely low, and after the temperature is increased, the volume change of the isobaric liquid 6 along with the temperature is small to be ignored;

an isobaric liquid 6 is filled inside the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5.

the isobaric gas 8 is simple substance gas, the isobaric gas 8 can not be dissolved in the isobaric liquid 6, and the isobaric gas 8 is kept in a normal temperature state;

the heat insulation layer 9 is a heat insulation material, and the heat insulation layer 9 can not conduct heat transfer to the temperature;

the material of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is spring steel 60Si2Mn, the material of the spring cavity 4 is spring steel, because spring steel has better elasticity, when there is pressure outside the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4, the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 can be elastically deformed well, and when there is pressure inside the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4, the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 can be restored to the original shape well, after the shape of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is restored to the original shape, the internal and external pressures of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 are the same, at this time, the pressure outside the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 has been equivalently converted into the pressure inside the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4.

Regarding the wall thickness of the fourth hollow cylinder of the spring chamber 4, the following aspects are mainly considered: the strength of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4, the fourth cavity cylinder deformation sensitivity of the spring cavity 4, the lifetime of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4, and the manufacturing cost of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4.

The wall thickness of the fourth hollow cylinder of the spring chamber 4 is selected from the following intervals: 0.3 to 0.5mm, 0.5 to 0.7mm, 0.7 to 0.9mm, 0.9 to 1.1mm, 1.1 to 1.3mm, 1.3 to 1.5mm, 1.5 to 1.7mm, 1.7 to 1.9mm, 1.9 to 2.1 mm. And (3) respectively carrying out experiments on the parameters of each interval, examining the performances of the above aspects, and scoring, wherein the scoring standards are as follows:

regarding the strength of the fourth hollow cylinder of the spring cavity 4, when there is a pressure outside the fourth hollow cylinder of the spring cavity 4, the fourth hollow cylinder of the spring cavity 4 cannot be damaged, and the fourth hollow cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is divided into the following several criteria according to the bearable pressure, and is respectively given a certain score:

the cylinder of the fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4 can only bear the pressure of 0.3MPa for 3 minutes;

the cylinder of the fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4 can only bear the pressure of 0.7MPa for 8 minutes;

the cylinder of the fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4 can only bear the pressure of 1.5MPa for 15 minutes;

the cylinder of the fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4 can only bear the pressure of 3.0MPa for 25 minutes;

regarding the fourth cavity cylinder deformation sensitivity of spring chamber 4, when there is pressure in the fourth cavity cylinder outside of spring chamber 4, the fourth cavity cylinder of spring chamber 4 needs to reflect outside pressure through elastic deformation, if there is pressure in the fourth cavity cylinder outside of spring chamber 4 and when not taking place to warp, then can't penetrate inside with outside pressure, then the fourth cavity cylinder of spring chamber 4 will lose due function, the fourth cavity cylinder of spring chamber 4 is according to the sensitivity of bearing the deformation behind the external pressure, divide into following several standards, give certain score value respectively:

the pressure of 0.3MPa exists outside a cylinder of a fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4, so that the spring cavity is obviously deformed for-10 minutes;

the pressure of 0.1MPa exists outside a cylinder of a fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4, so that the spring cavity is obviously deformed for 0 minute;

the pressure of 0.03MPa exists outside a cylinder of a fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4, so that the spring cavity is obviously deformed for 10 minutes;

the pressure of 0.01MPa exists outside a cylinder of a fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4, and the spring cavity is obviously deformed for 20 minutes;

regarding the life of the cylinder of the fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4, since the cylinder of the fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4 needs to be elastically deformed repeatedly and the cylinder of the fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4 needs to have a longer life in the process of measuring the expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixture material inside, if the cylinder of the fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4 is damaged after being deformed several times, the cylinder of the fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4 cannot be used for a long time, and waste is caused. The life of the cylinder of the fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4 is divided into the following criteria, which are respectively assigned a certain score:

the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 can be used for ten times to be destroyed for 0 min;

the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 can be used for thirty times to be destroyed for 10 minutes;

the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 can be used for one hundred times and is destroyed for 20 minutes;

regarding the processing cost of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4, when the wall thickness of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is large, the processing is simple, the implementation is easy, and the cost is low, and when the wall thickness of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is small, the smaller the wall thickness is, the larger the processing difficulty is, the less easy the implementation is, the higher the cost is, and in consideration of economy, the processing cost of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is divided into the following several standards, and is respectively given a certain score:

the processing cost of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 accounts for more than 70 percent of the total cost of the invention, and is 0 minute;

the processing cost of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 accounts for 60-70% of the total cost of the invention and is 2 minutes;

the processing cost of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 accounts for 50-60% of the total cost of the invention and is 10 minutes;

the processing cost of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 accounts for less than 50 percent of the total cost of the invention, and 20 minutes.

And respectively processing the fourth cavity cylinders of the spring cavities 4 with various interval wall thicknesses, carrying out experiments, and scoring according to the above scoring standards to obtain the values as follows:

experiments show that when the wall thickness of the cylinder of the fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4 is 0.7-1.1 mm, the score is the highest, and 65 scores are obtained.

Therefore, the wall thickness of the cylinder of the fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4 is 0.7-1.1 mm;

in this embodiment, the wall thickness of the fourth hollow cylinder of the spring chamber 4 is 0.7 mm.

The heat treatment method of the spring cavity 4 comprises the steps of heating the spring cavity 4 to 750-760 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.5-2 hours when the temperature exceeds an AC3 line, enabling the material 60Si2Mn of a cylinder of a fourth cavity of the spring cavity 4 to be completely austenitized, cooling the cylinder in oil to obtain a martensite structure, heating the spring cavity 4 to 460-470 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-2.5 hours, cooling the cylinder in air to obtain a tempered martensite structure, enabling the material to have high elastic limit and yield limit, and being suitable for being made into a denatured structure with good elasticity and restorability;

the temperature testing system is arranged outside the device, the temperature of each part of the device is measured and displayed on a screen, and when the temperature of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 is set and the temperature of the isobaric liquid 6 and the isobaric gas 8 is at normal temperature, the expansion pressure of the internal material body is tested by the device. The invention transmits the volume expansion pressure of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 to the isobaric gas 8 through the isobaric liquid 6, and then measures the pressure of the isobaric gas 8 to obtain the volume expansion pressure of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5, and the optimal state is that the isobaric liquid 6 and the isobaric gas 8 are normal temperature, so that the isobaric liquid 6 and the isobaric gas 8 can not cause errors to the measurement result, and if the temperature of the isobaric liquid 6 and the isobaric gas 8 is increased, the isobaric liquid itself can generate the volume expansion pressure, which causes errors to the measurement result. By the heating temperature test system and the measurement of the temperature of each part, the test result can be ensured to be performed in an ideal state, and the reliability of the test result is ensured.

Regarding that the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 is higher than the second upper end concentric circular ring surface of the upper end cover 2 by a distance, when the higher distance is too small, the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 is not easy to observe, because in the use process of the invention, the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 needs to be adjusted to be the same as the initial position, therefore, the upper end surface needs to be observed conveniently, and when the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 is higher than the second upper end concentric circular ring surface of the upper end cover 2 by too much, the system space is wasted, the saving is not enough, and experiments show that when the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 is higher than the second upper end concentric circular ring surface of the upper end cover 2 by 15-20 mm, the observation is facilitated, and the space is not wasted.

Therefore, the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 is 15-20 mm higher than the second upper concentric annular ring surface of the upper end cover 2;

in this embodiment, the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 is 15mm higher than the second upper concentric torus of the upper end cap 2.

Regarding that the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston 7 is higher than the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 by a distance, when the higher distance is too small, the error caused by the subsequent experimental result is too large, the expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material body is measured by the method, the main used parameter is the distance between the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston 7 and the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6, the final data is calculated by front-back change, when the higher distance is too small, the error caused by the measurement result is too large, the accuracy of the final data is influenced, when the higher distance is too large, the waste of the system space is caused, and the saving is not enough, and experiments show that when the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston 7 is higher than the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 by 50-60 mm, the excessive error cannot be caused to the measurement, and the space is not wasted.

Therefore, the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston 7 is 50-60 mm higher than the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6;

in this embodiment, the seventh lower circular plane of the piston 7 is higher by 50mm than the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6.

Regarding the distance that the seventh upper end circular plane of the piston 7 is higher than the fourth upper end concentric circular ring of the spring chamber 4, when the height is too much, the waste of the system space is caused, which is not economical, and when the height is too little, the moment cannot be applied when the piston 7 rotates to the lower position of the piston 7 during the subsequent rotation and descending of the piston 7 because no handle applies the moment. Experiments show that when the seventh upper end circular plane of the piston 7 is 70-80 mm higher than the fourth upper end concentric circular ring surface of the spring cavity 4, the space is not wasted, and the moment can be applied until the piston 7 rotates and falls to the lowest position.

Therefore, the seventh upper end circular plane of the piston 7 is 70-80 mm higher than the fourth upper end concentric circular ring surface of the spring cavity 4;

in this embodiment, the seventh upper circular plane of the piston 7 is higher than the fourth upper concentric circular ring of the spring chamber 4 by 70 mm.

and 4, step 4: assembling the spring cavity 4 with the upper end cover 2;

and 5: placing the lower end cover 3 on a horizontal table;

step 6: assembling the shell 1 with the lower end cover 3;

and 8: assembling the upper end cap 2 with the housing 1;

and step 9: marking the position of the upper end face of the isobaric liquid 6, marking the upper left mark, then heating the outer part of the device, heating the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 through heat transfer, and heating to a set temperature, wherein at the moment, as the temperature of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 rises, the volume of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 begins to expand, the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 extrudes the spring cavity 4, so that the spring cavity 4 contracts inwards, and after the spring cavity 4 contracts inwards, the isobaric liquid 6 in the inner part is extruded, so that the upper end face of the isobaric liquid 6 gradually moves upwards until the equilibrium is reached. The piston 7 is rotated to move the seventh lower circular plane of the piston 7 downward, the ambient space of the isobaric gas 8 is compressed as the piston 7 moves downward, the space of the isobaric gas 8 is compressed, the internal pressure of the isobaric gas 8 is gradually increased, the isobaric gas 8 compresses the isobaric liquid 6 after the internal pressure of the isobaric gas 8 is gradually increased, and the isobaric gas 8 and the isobaric liquid 6 have the same pressure in the same space because the isobaric gas 8 and the isobaric liquid 6 are in the same space. Along with the movement of the piston 7, the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 gradually moves downwards until the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 is the same as the initial position, at the moment, the spring cavity 4 which is just deformed by external pressure gradually recovers deformation, the isobaric liquid 6 recovers to the original position because the isobaric liquid 6 is an incompressible material, the spring cavity 4 recovers to the initial state, at the moment, the internal pressure and the external pressure of the spring cavity 4 are the same, the pressure outside the spring cavity 4 is transmitted to the isobaric liquid 6 inside, and further transmitted to the isobaric gas 8, and the pressure values of the three are the same. The volume expansion pressure of the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 at the temperature is P, and the value of P is as follows:

p is the expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material body, and the unit is: pa; t is the isobaric gas 8 initial state pressure value, unit: pa; l is the initial state length of the isobaric gas 8, i.e. the distance between the seventh lower circular plane of the initial state piston 7 and the upper end face of the isobaric liquid 6, in units: m; l is the final state length of the isobaric gas 8, i.e. the distance between the seventh lower circular plane of the final state piston 7 and the upper end face of the isobaric liquid 6, in units: m; a is an empirical coefficient, when all parts work in an ideal state, the value of a is 1, but all parts expand with heat and contract with cold, and finally the result has errors, and a value range of a is found to be 0.81-0.87 through a large number of experiments.

The method selects liquid with known volume expansion pressure to carry out calibration experiment, selects different temperatures, respectively calculates theoretical volume expansion pressure values, measures actual volume expansion pressure values through the method, calculates error range with theory, and obtains experimental results as follows:

analysis shows that the error ranges of the measured volume expansion pressure value and the theoretical volume expansion pressure value are within +/-0.5 percent, and the accuracy of the test result is proved.

According to the device for testing the volume expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material, a gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixture is placed in a closed space, a spring cavity is placed in the center of the gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixture, elemental liquid is filled in the spring cavity, the temperature of the gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixture is raised, thermal expansion stress is transmitted to the elemental liquid through the spring cavity, and the internal pressure of the elemental liquid is the same as the pressure of the gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixture by adjusting the deformation of the spring cavity. At this time, the volume expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixture is the same as the pressure of the simple substance liquid. The upper end of the simple substance liquid is simple substance gas, the pressure of the simple substance gas is the same as the pressure of the simple substance liquid through the pressure balance effect, and the gas pressure is obtained through calculation, wherein the pressure is the internal stress of the simple substance liquid, namely the volume expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture. The invention converts the volume expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture into the pressure of the elemental liquid, then converts the pressure of the elemental gas, and further obtains the pressure through calculation, thereby realizing the measurement of the volume expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture. The error range of the measurement results is within ± 0.5%.

Example 2:

an isobaric liquid 6 is filled inside the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5.

The automatic control system is arranged outside the device, can automatically observe the position of the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6, can automatically observe the position of the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston 7, is connected with the piston 7 and can control the piston 7 to move up and down, correspondingly adjusts the position of the piston 7 according to the position of the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 and the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston 7, and automatically calculates the pressure of the isobaric gas 8. By installing the automatic control system, when the expansion pressure of the internal material body is measured, the automatic control system can directly participate without people, after all, in the heating process, the expansion pressure of the internal material body is higher, certain potential safety hazards exist, people and equipment are isolated, the damage to people caused by accidents can be avoided, and the people-oriented design principle is met.

The spring cavity 4 is formed by connecting through a consumable electrode argon arc welding method, the upper part of the spring cavity 4 and the lower part of the spring cavity 4 are formed by machining respectively, after assembly, a tool is used for fixing the position, argon is used as protective gas, the spring cavity 4 is connected with a power supply anode, a welding wire is connected with a power supply cathode, the upper part of the spring cavity 4 and the lower part of the spring cavity 4 are connected in a welding mode, the welding energy density is 3400-3700 watts per square centimeter, after welding is completed, stress-relief annealing heat treatment is adopted, and then the fixing tool is loosened. The upper part of the spring cavity 4 and the spring cavity 4 are respectively processed and welded, so that the cost can be reduced, and the saving design principle is met.

and 4, step 4: assembling the spring cavity 4 with the upper end cover 2;

and 5: placing the lower end cover 3 on a horizontal table;

step 6: assembling the shell 1 with the lower end cover 3;

and 8: assembling the upper end cap 2 with the housing 1;

Example 3:

an isobaric liquid 6 is filled inside the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5.

a monitoring system, an adjusting system and a recording system are arranged outside the pressure-constant valve, the monitoring system can monitor the position change of the lower surface of the isobaric gas 8 in the pressure-constant valve for a long time, the monitoring system transmits data to the adjusting system, the adjusting system is connected with the piston 7, the adjusting system adjusts the position of the piston 7, measures the pressure of the isobaric gas 8 at any time, the adjusting system transmits the relation between the pressure value of the isobaric gas 8 and the time change to the recording system, and the recording system stores the data. By installing a monitoring system, a regulating system and a recording system outside the device, the device can measure the change result of the internal stress of the solid-liquid-gas-phase mixture 5 in volume expansion along with time at a certain temperature, because the solid-liquid-gas-phase mixture 5 is a mixture, slow chemical reaction sometimes occurs along with the change of time, and the volume expansion stress changes along with the reaction, and the result of the change of the internal stress of the solid-liquid-gas-phase mixture 5 along with the change of time is measured by the device. Making the invention suitable for materials where the bulk expansion stress varies with time. So that the application range of the invention is further improved.

The processing method of the spring cavity 4 is as follows:

the base material of the spring cavity 4 is a bar material, the lower end of the base material of the spring cavity 4 is clamped on a lathe, the fourth inner cylindrical surface of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the inner surface of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the fourth internal thread of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the fourth upper concentric circular ring surface of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the fourth outer cylindrical surface of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the clamping of the lower end of the base material of the spring cavity 4 is released, the fourth outer cylindrical surface of the spring cavity 4 is clamped again, the fourth lower circular plane of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the fourth lower outer cylindrical surface of the spring cavity 4 is machined, the fourth circular groove of the spring cavity 4 is machined, and finally, the fourth hemispherical groove of the spring cavity 4 is machined by using a forming cutter, so that the machining of the spring cavity 4 is completed. By arranging the processing sequence of the spring cavity 4, the processing precision of the spring cavity 4 can be improved, so that the consistency of the spring cavity is better, and the working reliability is improved.

and 4, step 4: assembling the spring cavity 4 with the upper end cover 2;

and 5: placing the lower end cover 3 on a horizontal table;

step 6: assembling the shell 1 with the lower end cover 3;

and 8: assembling the upper end cap 2 with the housing 1;

Example 4:

an isobaric liquid 6 is filled inside the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5.

A boss is connected to the seventh upper end circular plane upper end of piston 7, and the boss side has the external gear, and internal gear of piston 7's left side installation, internal gear can be around the fixed axle rotation, and internal gear and external gear constitute internal gear transmission system, through rotating the external gear, can drive the internal gear and rotate, and the drive ratio is 1: 13 to 18. Through designing the internal gear transmission system, the rotation of the piston 7 can be finely adjusted, and the rotation torque of the piston 7 is converted into the rotation of the external gear by reducing the transmission ratio, so that the torque is greatly reduced, the rotation is easy, and the manpower resource is saved.

The invention is externally provided with a temperature measuring system, a control system, an observation system and an adjusting system, wherein a sensor of the temperature measuring system is contacted with a solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 to measure the temperature of the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 in real time, the temperature measuring system is connected with the control system and transmits the temperature data of the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 to the control system, the observation system is used for observing the seventh lower end circular plane of a piston 7 and the position of the upper end face of an isobaric liquid 6, the observation system is connected with the control system, the observation system transmits the observation result to the control system, the control system is connected with the adjusting system, the adjusting system is connected with an inner meshing gear transmission system, the control system correspondingly outputs a signal to the adjusting system according to the observation result of the observation system and adjusts the position of the piston 7 through the inner meshing gear transmission system, and simultaneously, the control system records the real-time corresponding relation of the temperature of the isobaric gas 8 and the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5, and then, the temperature of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 is subjected to raising and lowering cyclic regulation, and the result of the change of the internal stress of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 at the cyclic temperature along with the time is obtained and recorded. Because the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 is different in temperature in the daytime and at night and different in temperature in summer and in winter when in actual use, the storage environment temperature of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 is actually in a high-low temperature circulating state, and the temperature applied to the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 is also set to be in the high-low temperature circulating state, so that the test result of the volume expansion stress of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture 5 is more consistent with the actual condition and is closer to the real state.

and 4, step 4: assembling the spring cavity 4 with the upper end cover 2;

and 5: placing the lower end cover 3 on a horizontal table;

step 6: assembling the shell 1 with the lower end cover 3;

and 8: assembling the upper end cap 2 with the housing 1;

Example 5:

an isobaric liquid 6 is filled inside the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5.

A perspective device is arranged outside the spring cavity, deformation of parts inside the spring cavity can be observed, the deformed shape is displayed on a three-dimensional projection, the expansion pressure of the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 is measured through the perspective device, the piston 7 needs to be adjusted, the final shape of the spring cavity 4 is the same as the initial shape, and then measurement result data are read. The working principle of the invention is that the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid 6 is pressed back to the initial position by compressing the isobaric gas 8, and the deformation of the spring cavity 4 is recovered to the initial position at the same time, and the internal stress of the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture 5 is the same as the internal stress of the isobaric liquid 6. This operation defaults to the fact that after the isobaric liquid 6 returns to the initial position, the deformation of the spring chamber 4 also returns to the initial position. A perspective device is arranged outside the device, the shape of the spring cavity 4 is observed, the deformation of the spring cavity 4 is recovered to the initial position to be confirmed, and the precision of the measuring result is further improved.

The processing method of the piston 7 is as follows: the blank of the piston 7 is a bar, the upper end of the blank of the piston 7 is clamped on a lathe, the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston 7 is processed, the seventh outer cylindrical surface of the piston 7 is processed, the clamping of the blank of the piston 7 is released, the lower end of the seventh outer cylindrical surface of the piston 7 is clamped again, the seventh upper end circular plane of the piston 7 is processed, a center hole is processed in the center of the seventh upper end circular plane of the piston 7 through center drilling, a live center is used for propping against the center hole, a tool withdrawal groove of the seventh external thread of the piston 7 is processed, and the seventh external thread of the piston 7 is processed, so far, the processing of the piston 7 is completed; by standardizing the processing method of the piston 7, the precision and the consistency of the piston 7 can be improved, and the use effect of the invention is further improved.

and 4, step 4: assembling the spring cavity 4 with the upper end cover 2;

and 5: placing the lower end cover 3 on a horizontal table;

step 6: assembling the shell 1 with the lower end cover 3;

and 8: assembling the upper end cap 2 with the housing 1;

Claims

1. A gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material body expansion pressure testing device comprises a solid-liquid-gas phase mixture (5), and is characterized by further comprising a shell (1), an upper end cover (2), a lower end cover (3), a spring cavity (4), isobaric liquid (6), a piston (7), isobaric gas (8) and a heat insulating layer (9);

the shell (1) is a first cylinder, the first cylinder of the shell (1) is a revolving body, the upper end surface of the first cylinder of the shell (1) is a first upper end concentric circular ring surface, and the lower end surface of the first cylinder of the shell (1) is a first lower end concentric circular ring surface;

the axis of the revolution body of the shell (1) is vertical to the ground, and the shell (1) is filled with a gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture;

the upper end cover (2) is a second concentric circular plate, the second concentric circular plate of the upper end cover (2) is a revolving body, the upper end surface of the second concentric circular plate of the upper end cover (2) is a second upper end concentric torus, the lower end surface of the second concentric circular plate of the upper end cover (2) is a second lower end concentric torus, and the inner cylindrical surface of the second concentric circular plate of the upper end cover (2) is a second inner cylindrical surface;

the axis of the revolving body of the upper end cover (2) is superposed with the axis of the revolving body of the shell (1), the upper end cover (2) is positioned at the upper end of the shell (1), and the lower end edge of the second lower end concentric circular ring surface of the upper end cover (2) is hermetically connected with the first upper end concentric circular ring surface of the shell (1);

the lower end cover (3) is a third circular plate, the third circular plate of the lower end cover (3) is a revolving body, and the upper end surface of the third circular plate of the lower end cover (3) is a third upper end circular plane;

the axis of a revolving body of the lower end cover (3) is superposed with the axis of a revolving body of the shell (1), the lower end cover (3) is positioned at the lower end of the shell (1), and the edge of a third upper end circular plane of the lower end cover (3) is hermetically connected with a first lower end concentric circular ring surface of the shell (1);

the spring cavity (4) is a revolving body, the spring cavity (4) is formed by combining an upper part and a lower part, the upper part of the spring cavity (4) is a fourth cylinder, the upper end surface of the fourth cylinder of the spring cavity (4) is a fourth upper end concentric circular ring surface, the outer side surface of the fourth cylinder of the spring cavity (4) is a fourth outer cylindrical surface, the inner side surface of the fourth cylinder of the spring cavity (4) is a fourth inner cylindrical surface, the upper half part of the fourth inner cylindrical surface of the spring cavity (4) is provided with a fourth internal thread, the lower part of the spring cavity (4) is a fourth cavity cylinder, the lower end surface of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity (4) is a fourth lower end circular plane, the side surface of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity (4) is a fourth lower end outer cylindrical surface, the middle part of the fourth lower end outer cylindrical surface of the spring cavity (4) is provided with a fourth annular groove, a bus of the fourth annular groove of the spring cavity (4) is semicircular, the middle part of a fourth lower end circular plane of the spring cavity (4) is provided with a fourth hemispherical groove;

the axis of the revolving body of the spring cavity (4) is superposed with the axis of the revolving body of the shell (1), the lower part of the spring cavity (4) is positioned in the shell (1), and the middle part of the fourth outer cylindrical surface of the spring cavity (4) is hermetically connected with the second inner cylindrical surface of the upper end cover (2);

the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture (5) is a gelled solid-liquid gas-phase mixture, and the volume expansion pressure of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture (5) is obtained by testing the volume expansion pressure testing device;

the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture (5) is filled in a closed space formed by the shell (1), the upper end cover (2), the lower end cover (3) and the spring cavity (4);

the isobaric liquid (6) is simple substance liquid, and the isobaric liquid (6) is an incompressible material;

isobaric liquid (6) is filled in the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture (5);

the piston (7) is a seventh cylinder, the seventh cylinder of the piston (7) is a revolving body, the outer side surface of the seventh cylinder of the piston (7) is a seventh outer cylindrical surface, the lower end surface of the seventh cylinder of the piston (7) is a seventh lower end circular plane, the upper end surface of the seventh cylinder of the piston (7) is a seventh upper end circular plane, and the upper half part of the seventh outer cylindrical surface of the piston (7) is provided with a seventh external thread;

the axis of a revolving body of the piston (7) coincides with the axis of a revolving body of the shell (1), a seventh outer cylindrical surface of the piston (7) is in relative movable sealing contact with a fourth inner cylindrical surface of the spring cavity (4), and a seventh external thread of the piston (7) is in spiral fit contact with a fourth internal thread of the spring cavity (4);

the isobaric gas (8) is an elemental gas, and the isobaric gas (8) is insoluble in the isobaric liquid (6);

the isobaric gas (8) is filled in a cylindrical closed space formed by the fourth inner cylindrical surface of the spring cavity (4), the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston (7) and the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid (6);

the heat insulation layer (9) is a heat insulation material;

the heat insulation layer (9) is bonded inside the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity (4), the isobaric liquid (6) is separated from the spring cavity (4) by the heat insulation layer (9), and the heat insulation layer (9) blocks heat transfer between the isobaric liquid (6) and the lower end cover (3);

the material of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity (4) is spring steel 60Si2Mn, and the wall thickness of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity (4) is 0.7-1.1 mm;

the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid (6) is 15-20 mm higher than the second upper concentric annular surface of the upper end cover (2);

the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston (7) is 50-60 mm higher than the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid (6);

the seventh upper end circular plane of the piston (7) is 70-80 mm higher than the fourth upper end concentric circular ring surface of the spring cavity (4);

the testing method of the gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material body expansion pressure testing device comprises the following steps:

step 1: bonding a heat insulation layer (9) on the inner surface of a cylinder of a fourth cavity of the spring cavity (4);

step 2: pouring isobaric liquid (6) into the spring cavity (4);

and step 3: assembling the piston (7) with the spring chamber (4) and leaving the isobaric gas (8) inside the spring chamber (4);

and 4, step 4: assembling the spring cavity (4) with the upper end cover (2);

and 5: placing the lower end cover (3) on a horizontal table;

step 6: assembling the shell (1) and the lower end cover (3);

and 7: pouring the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture (5) into an inner cavity formed by assembling the shell (1) and the lower end cover (3);

and 8: assembling the upper end cover (2) with the shell (1);

and step 9: marking the position of the upper end face of the isobaric liquid (6), heating the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture (5) to a set temperature, at the moment, gradually moving the upper end face of the isobaric liquid (6) upwards, rotating the piston (7), enabling the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston (7) to move downwards, compressing the space of the isobaric gas (8), gradually moving the upper end face of the isobaric liquid (6) downwards along with the movement of the piston (7) until the upper end face of the isobaric liquid (6) is the same as the initial position, and setting the volume expansion pressure of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture (5) at the temperature as P, wherein the value of P is as follows:

p is the expansion pressure of the gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material body, and the unit is: pa; t is the initial state pressure value of the isobaric gas (8) and the unit is as follows: pa; l is the length of the isobaric gas (8) in the initial state, namely the distance between the seventh lower end circular plane of the initial state piston (7) and the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid (6), and the unit is as follows: m; l is the final state length of the isobaric gas (8), i.e. the distance between the seventh lower circular plane of the final state piston (7) and the upper end face of the isobaric liquid (6), in units: m; a is an empirical coefficient, and the value range of a is 0.81-0.87.

2. The apparatus for measuring the body expansion pressure of a gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixture according to claim 1, wherein a temperature measuring system is installed outside the apparatus for measuring the temperature of each part of the apparatus for measuring the body expansion pressure and displaying the measured temperature on a screen, and the apparatus for measuring the body expansion pressure of the internal material is used when the temperature of the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture (5) is a set temperature and the temperatures of the isobaric liquid (6) and the isobaric gas (8) are normal temperature;

the heat treatment method of the spring cavity (4) comprises the steps of heating the spring cavity (4) to 750-760 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5-2 hours, cooling in oil, heating the spring cavity (4) to 460-470 ℃, preserving heat for 2-2.5 hours, and cooling in air.

3. The apparatus for measuring the volumetric expansion pressure of a gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixture according to claim 1, wherein an automatic control system is installed outside the apparatus for measuring the volumetric expansion pressure, the automatic control system automatically observes the position of the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid (6), the automatic control system automatically observes the position of the seventh lower circular plane of the piston (7), the automatic control system is connected to the piston (7) and controls the piston (7) to move up and down, and the automatic control system adjusts the position of the piston (7) according to the position of the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid (6) and the position of the seventh lower circular plane of the piston (7) and automatically calculates the pressure of the isobaric gas (8);

the spring cavity (4) is connected and formed by adopting a consumable electrode argon arc welding method, the upper part of the spring cavity (4) and the lower part of the spring cavity (4) are respectively processed and formed, after assembly, a tool fixing position is used, argon is used as protective gas, the spring cavity (4) is connected with a power supply anode, a welding wire is connected with a power supply cathode, the upper part of the spring cavity (4) and the lower part of the spring cavity (4) are connected in a welding mode, the welding energy density is 3400-3700 watts per square centimeter, after welding is completed, stress-relief annealing heat treatment is adopted, and then the fixing tool is loosened.

4. The apparatus for testing the body expansion pressure of a gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixture according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus for testing the body expansion pressure is externally provided with a monitoring system, an adjusting system and a recording system, the monitoring system monitors the position change of the lower surface of the isobaric gas (8) in the apparatus for testing the body expansion pressure for a long time, the monitoring system transmits data to the adjusting system, the adjusting system is connected with the piston (7), the adjusting system adjusts the position of the piston (7), measures the pressure of the isobaric gas (8) in real time, the adjusting system transmits the relation between the pressure value of the isobaric gas (8) and the time change to the recording system, and the recording system stores the data;

the processing method of the spring cavity (4) is as follows:

the base material of the spring cavity (4) is a bar material, the lower end of the base material of the spring cavity (4) is clamped on a lathe, the fourth inner cylindrical surface of the spring cavity (4) is machined, the inner surface of the fourth cavity cylinder of the spring cavity (4) is machined, the fourth internal thread of the spring cavity (4) is machined, the fourth upper end concentric circular ring surface of the spring cavity (4) is machined, the fourth outer cylindrical surface of the spring cavity (4) is machined, the clamping on the lower end of the base material of the spring cavity (4) is loosened, the fourth outer cylindrical surface of the spring cavity (4) is clamped again, the fourth lower end circular ring surface of the spring cavity (4) is machined, the fourth lower end outer cylindrical surface of the spring cavity (4) is machined, the fourth annular groove of the spring cavity (4) is machined, and finally the fourth hemispherical groove of the spring cavity (4) is machined by using a forming cutter, so far that the spring cavity (4) is machined.

5. The apparatus for testing the expansive pressure of a gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixed material body as defined in claim 1, wherein the piston (7) has a boss connected to the upper end of the seventh upper circular plane, the boss has an external gear on the side surface thereof, the piston (7) has an internal gear mounted on the left side thereof, the internal gear rotates around a fixed shaft, the internal gear and the external gear form an internal gear transmission system, and the internal gear is driven to rotate by rotating the external gear, and the transmission ratio is 1: 13-18;

the temperature measuring system, the control system, the observation system and the adjusting system are arranged outside the volume expansion pressure testing device, a sensor of the temperature measuring system is in contact with the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture (5) to measure the temperature of the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture (5) in real time, the temperature measuring system is connected with the control system and transmits the temperature data of the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture (5) to the control system, the observation system is used for observing the position of the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston (7) and the upper end surface of the isobaric liquid (6), the observation system is connected with the control system, the observation system transmits the observed result to the control system, the control system is connected with the adjusting system, the adjusting system is connected with the internal gearing gear transmission system, the control system correspondingly outputs signals to the adjusting system according to the observed result of the observation system and adjusts the position of the piston (7) through the internal gearing system, meanwhile, the control system records the real-time corresponding relationship between the temperature of the isobaric gas (8) and the temperature of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture (5), and then performs raising and lowering cyclic regulation on the temperature of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture (5) to obtain and record the result of the change of the internal stress of the solid-liquid gas-phase mixture (5) along with the time at the cyclic temperature.

6. The apparatus for measuring the bulk expansion pressure of a gelled solid-liquid-gas phase mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein a transparent means is placed outside the apparatus for measuring the bulk expansion pressure of the solid-liquid-gas phase mixture (5) by observing the deformation of each part inside the apparatus for measuring the bulk expansion pressure and displaying the deformed shape on a three-dimensional projection, and the piston (7) is adjusted so that the final shape of the spring chamber (4) is the same as the initial shape, and the data of the measurement result is read;

the processing method of the piston (7) is as follows: the blank of the piston (7) is a bar, the blank upper end of the piston (7) is clamped on a lathe, the seventh lower end circular plane of the piston (7) is machined, the seventh outer cylindrical surface of the piston (7) is machined, the clamping of the blank of the piston (7) is released, the seventh outer cylindrical surface lower end of the piston (7) is clamped again, the seventh upper end circular plane of the piston (7) is machined, a center hole is machined in the center of the seventh upper end circular plane of the piston (7) through center drilling, a live center is used for propping against the center hole, a tool withdrawal groove of the seventh external thread of the piston (7) is machined, and the seventh external thread of the piston (7) is machined, so far, the machining of the piston (7) is completed.