CN112096425A - Transverse passage supporting system for position of ingate and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Transverse passage supporting system for position of ingate and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 241001023788 Cyttus traversi Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005267 amalgamation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014171 carbonated beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/36—Linings or supports specially shaped for tunnels or galleries of irregular cross-section
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of underground cavern construction, and discloses a transverse channel supporting system for a pier door position and a construction method thereof, which are used for supporting a transverse channel in a shallow-buried underground excavation construction process and comprise an anti-extrusion supporting frame arranged between two adjacent transverse channel inverted arches and a deformation limiting connecting block used for connecting a pilot tunnel inverted arch and the transverse channel inverted arch, wherein the pilot tunnel inverted arch is fixedly connected with the side edge of the transverse channel inverted arch with the minimum distance therebetween through the deformation limiting connecting block. In the invention, the anti-extrusion support frame is arranged in the transverse channel to resist the transverse extrusion in the stratum, so that the ground settlement caused at the moment of opening the ingate is avoided; meanwhile, the anti-extrusion support frame reinforces the rigidity of the transverse channel, so that the transverse channel is not easy to deform integrally, and sedimentation caused by stratum disturbance due to deformation of the transverse channel is avoided; in the invention, the guide tunnel inverted arch, the transverse channel inverted arch and the transverse channel side wall are connected into a whole through the deformation limiting connecting block, so that the ground settlement is avoided at the initial stage of excavation of the lower-layer guide tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground cavern construction, in particular to a transverse passage supporting system for a ingate position and a construction method thereof.
Background
The underground excavation construction is the most important construction method for underground construction in cities. The regular small-diameter underground cavern is mainly constructed by a pipe jacking or shield method, and the large-diameter/irregular underground cavern is also constructed by a shallow-buried underground excavation method developed by a mining method, namely, the construction is carried out while excavating and pouring a lining. It is common practice to first dig a shaft to the formation. Then excavate the cross passage of perpendicular to shaft, assemble excavation machinery in the cross passage, perpendicular to cross passage carries out formal excavation work again, and it has utilized the soil layer to excavate the self-stabilization ability of in-process short time, and the core technology is summarized as 18 word guidelines: advancing pipes, grouting tightly, excavating short, supporting strongly, sealing quickly and measuring frequently.
When the shallow-buried subsurface excavation method is used for construction, a full-section excavation mode is rarely adopted for construction, but a multi-pilot tunnel excavation mode is adopted, namely, a plurality of layers of pilot tunnels which are parallel to each other are successively excavated, a lining is poured while excavation is carried out, and then all the pilot tunnels are combined into a complete underground cavern. The transverse passage as the starting point of excavation is usually very narrow but very high, generally 4-5 m wide and 20 m high. The transverse channels are lined with a full arch ring comprising multiple layers of inverted arches to resist compression from the formation. In the formal excavation process, a ingate needs to be arranged on the lining side wall of the transverse channel. However, when the ingate is opened, serious settlement is often caused, and in order to resist the settlement, a small advance conduit is firstly opened at one circle of the position of lining the ingate, grouting is carried out to reinforce the stratum, advance grouting is carried out, and then a reinforced concrete door frame is poured before the ingate is opened.
However, when the ingate is opened, the ground settlement cannot be sufficiently avoided by the construction scheme at present. Taking an air duct for ventilation of a subway station as an example, the air duct is a tunnel with a large cross section, and air is introduced into the subway from a distance so as to avoid opening an air shaft in a dense area of people and buildings. The construction process of underground caverns with large cross sections, such as air ducts, near subway stations often causes ground settlement and causes cracking of resident buildings. For example, the house of the residents is cracked in the construction process of the subway at the junction of No. 5 and No. 10 Beijing subways.
Holes need to be punched on the side wall of the transverse channel in the opening process of the ingate. In the invention, engineers find that opening the ingate can separate the inverted arch of the transverse channel from the side wall of the transverse channel, which reduces the capability of the side wall of the transverse channel around the ingate to resist the horizontal extrusion of the stratum; meanwhile, the guide tunnel excavation of the lower layer can separate the guide tunnel inverted arch of the upper layer from the lateral wall of the transverse channel, so that the capability of the guide tunnel inverted arch for resisting the longitudinal extrusion of the stratum is reduced, and the shrinkage of each construction roadway near the ingate is caused by the combination of the above factors, thereby causing the ground settlement.
The inverted arch is a lining located at the bottom of the underground cavern, usually in the shape of an arch with an upward opening, and is mainly used for resisting upward extrusion force in the stratum, so the inverted arch is named as the inverted arch. However, the bottom lining of underground cavern with different shapes is often called an inverted arch in construction and is not limited to an arch.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a transverse passage supporting system for a closestool door position and a construction method thereof.
The technical problem to be solved is that: in the shallow-buried underground excavation construction process, if the cross sectional area of an underground cavern to be excavated is large, ground settlement can occur when the ingate is opened.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a transverse passage supporting system at a horse head door position is used for supporting a transverse passage in a shallow-buried underground excavation construction process, an underground cavern to be excavated contains multiple layers of pilot tunnel inverted arches, the transverse passage supporting system comprises multiple layers of transverse passage inverted arches arranged between two transverse passage side walls, an anti-extrusion supporting frame used for supporting the upper transverse passage inverted arch and resisting extrusion of the transverse passage side walls is arranged between every two adjacent transverse passage inverted arches, and the anti-extrusion supporting frame is respectively attached to the upper transverse passage inverted arch, the lower transverse passage inverted arch and the two transverse passage side walls;
the transverse passage supporting system further comprises transverse passage top opposite supports which are arranged at the tops of the transverse passages and two ends of which are respectively supported on the side walls of the two transverse passages.
Further, the anti-extrusion support frame comprises a horizontal frame clamped between two transverse channel side walls, the horizontal frame is a rectangular frame, two opposite edges of the rectangular frame are respectively attached to the two transverse channel side walls, and the other two edges are respectively arranged on two sides of the ingate.
Furthermore, the horizontal frame is arranged by being attached to the transverse channel inverted arch above the horizontal frame, and is erected on the transverse channel inverted arch below the horizontal frame through upright posts anchored at four corners of the horizontal frame.
Furthermore, every anti extrusion support frame includes two horizontal frame, and two horizontal frame paste respectively and lean on the setting of the horizontal passageway invert of upper and lower side, are provided with the stand between two horizontal frame, the stand sets up the four corners position at horizontal frame to respectively with two horizontal frame fixed connection.
Furthermore, the transverse channel supporting system further comprises a deformation limiting connecting block, the deformation limiting connecting block is fixedly connected with the side wall of the transverse channel, and the guide tunnel inverted arch is fixedly connected with the side edge of the transverse channel inverted arch with the minimum distance therebetween through the deformation limiting connecting block.
Furthermore, the deformation limiting connecting block is plugged between the pilot tunnel inverted arch and the transverse channel inverted arch with the minimum distance between the pilot tunnel inverted arch and the transverse channel inverted arch, and is respectively and fixedly connected with the transverse channel inverted arch, the pilot tunnel inverted arch and the transverse channel side walls on the left side and the right side of the pilot tunnel.
Furthermore, the deformation limiting connecting block is made of steel skeleton concrete, the transverse channel inverted arch, the pilot tunnel inverted arch and the transverse channel side wall are all provided with steel skeletons, and the edges of the steel skeletons in the steel skeleton concrete are fixedly connected with the steel skeletons of the transverse channel inverted arch, the steel skeletons of the pilot tunnel inverted arch and the steel skeletons of the transverse channel side walls on the left side and the right side of the pilot tunnel respectively.
A transverse channel support construction method for a horse head door position is used for building the transverse channel support system for the horse head door position and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: drilling a small advanced guide pipe and grouting to reinforce the stratum;
step two: installing a cross channel top butt support;
step three: installing an anti-extrusion support frame;
step four: breaking the side wall of the transverse channel according to the pilot tunnel excavation sequence, excavating the pilot tunnel, and building a lining of the pilot tunnel while excavating; and after the lower layer of pilot tunnel is excavated to separate the pilot tunnel inverted arch of the higher layer of pilot tunnel from the side wall of the transverse channel, installing a deformation limiting connecting block to connect the pilot tunnel inverted arch and the adjacent transverse channel inverted arch.
Further: the second step comprises the following sub-steps:
step 2.1: welding end plates with bolt holes at two ends of the opposite support at the top of the transverse channel;
step 2.2: pushing the top counter stay of the transverse channel upwards to enable two ends of the top counter stay to be tightly attached to the side wall of the transverse channel;
step 2.3: expansion bolts or chemical bolts are used to fix the end plates on the side walls of the transverse channels.
Further, the step four comprises the following sub-steps:
step 4.1: breaking the side wall of the transverse channel according to the pilot tunnel excavation sequence, excavating the pilot tunnel, and building a lining of the pilot tunnel while excavating;
step 4.2: step 4.1, after the lower-layer pilot tunnel excavation enables the pilot tunnel inverted arch of the higher-layer pilot tunnel to be separated from the lateral wall of the lateral channel, chiseling concrete on the edge of the pilot tunnel inverted arch of the higher-layer pilot tunnel, the edge of the lateral channel inverted arch with the minimum distance from the edge of the pilot tunnel inverted arch of the higher-layer pilot tunnel and the lateral wall of the lateral channel on the left side and the right side of the higher-layer pilot tunnel, and exposing the steel skeleton;
step 4.3: building a steel skeleton of the deformation limiting connecting block, and connecting the steel skeleton of the guide tunnel inverted arch, the steel skeleton of the transverse channel inverted arch and the steel skeletons of the transverse channel side walls on the left side and the right side of the guide tunnel into a whole;
step 4.4: and spraying concrete on the steel skeleton of the deformation limiting connecting block to form the deformation limiting connecting block.
Compared with the prior art, the transverse passage supporting system for the position of the ingate and the construction method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
in the invention, the anti-extrusion support frame and the cross channel top counter-support are arranged in the cross channel to resist the transverse extrusion in the stratum, so that the side wall of the cross channel is not pressed inwards by the transverse pressure in the stratum after the horse head door is broken and removed, thereby avoiding the ground settlement caused at the moment of opening the horse head door; meanwhile, the anti-extrusion support frame and the top of the transverse channel reinforce the rigidity of the transverse channel, so that the transverse channel is not easy to deform integrally, and the sedimentation caused by the deformation disturbance of the transverse channel on the stratum is avoided;
in the invention, the guide tunnel inverted arch, the transverse channel inverted arch and the transverse channel side wall are connected into a whole through the deformation limiting connecting block to limit the deformation of the guide tunnel inverted arch, so that after the upper guide tunnel inverted arch is separated from the transverse channel side wall in the lower guide tunnel excavation, the upper guide tunnel inverted arch can still effectively resist the longitudinal extrusion in the stratum, and the ground settlement in the initial stage of the lower guide tunnel excavation is avoided; meanwhile, the deformation limiting connecting block connects the lining of the pilot tunnel and the lining of the transverse channel into a whole, and reinforces the junction of the transverse channel and the pilot tunnel, so that the junction is not easy to be distorted due to shearing force, and the phenomenon that the deformation disturbing stratum causes settlement at the junction is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a transverse channel, wherein the observation sight line is parallel to the length direction of the transverse channel, and the side edge of an inverted arch of the transverse channel is not provided with a deformation limiting connecting block and is supported by a cavern;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the soil-back surface of the lateral wall of the transverse channel on the right side in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the shape of the ingate of FIG. 2, wherein each cell represents a pilot hole;
FIG. 4 is a first schematic view of the anti-extrusion support frame, wherein the view line is parallel to the length direction of the transverse channel;
FIG. 5 is a second schematic structural view of the anti-extrusion support frame, wherein the viewing line is perpendicular to the length direction of the transverse channel;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a cross-hatch after installation of the cross-hatch support system of the present invention, with the viewing line parallel to the length of the cross-hatch;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a transverse channel after a cavity bracing replaces a deformation-limiting connecting block which is difficult to install;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a connection node of the horizontal channel inverted arch and the pilot tunnel inverted arch at the position A in FIG. 6;
the device comprises 11-transverse channel side walls, 12-transverse channel inverted arches, 2-ingates, 21-guide tunnel inverted arches, 3-transverse channel top opposite supports, 4-advanced small guide pipes, 5-anti-extrusion support frames, 51-horizontal frames, 52-vertical columns, 6-limit deformation connecting blocks and 7-cavern opposite supports.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a cross aisle support system of horse head door position for shallow support of cross aisle among the undercut work progress that buries, as figure 1, figure 2, figure 6 shows, it includes multilayer pilot tunnel invert 21 to wait to include in the underground cavern of excavation, cross aisle support system includes the cross aisle invert 12 of multilayer setting between two cross aisle lateral walls 11, be provided with between two adjacent cross aisle invert 12 and be used for supporting the cross aisle invert 12 of top and resist the anti extrusion support frame 5 of cross aisle lateral wall 11 extrusion, anti extrusion support frame 5 pastes the setting of leaning on cross aisle invert 12 and two cross aisle lateral walls 11 of upper and lower side respectively.
When the shallow excavation method is used for construction, a constructor can generally realize that a phenomenon of water gushing, sand and soil gushing can occur when the ingate 2 is opened, and can reinforce the stratum in advance before opening a hole, but always neglects to protect the deformation of a transverse channel. If the transverse channel is very high, its rigidity becomes very weak, and the effect of the ingate 2 opening the first guide hole is as if a zone is thinned on a can filled with carbonated drink, and if no leakage is caused, a bulge much larger than the thinned zone is locally formed. During construction, practical measurement results show that the distance between the lateral walls 11 of the transverse channel at the position of the ingate 2 is obviously reduced after the ingate 2 is opened, and the deformation is more serious the deeper the transverse channel is. Therefore, the anti-extrusion support frame 5 is arranged in the transverse channel to resist the transverse extrusion in the stratum, so that the side wall 11 of the transverse channel is not pressed inwards by the transverse pressure in the stratum after the ingate 2 is broken and removed, and the ground subsidence caused at the moment of opening the ingate 2 is avoided; meanwhile, the anti-extrusion support frame 5 reinforces the rigidity of the transverse channel, so that the transverse channel is not easy to deform integrally, and the sedimentation caused by the deformation disturbance of the stratum of the transverse channel is avoided.
The underground cavern to be excavated is an air duct for ventilation of the subway, excavation is carried out by adopting a CRD method, and the left side in the figure 1 is an 8-pilot tunnel, and the right side is a 6-pilot tunnel. The right horsehead 2 is shaped as shown in fig. 3, each box represents a pilot hole, and the left side is the same.
The transverse passage supporting system further comprises transverse passage top opposite supports 3 which are arranged at the tops of the transverse passages and two ends of the transverse passage top opposite supports are respectively supported on the two transverse passage side walls 11, the transverse passage top opposite supports 3 are arranged along the upper edge of the ingate 2 and are higher than all transverse passage inverted arches 12. In the CRD method excavation process, the pilot tunnel is excavated from top to bottom in a layering mode, so that the pilot tunnel of the first layer is excavated at the top of the transverse channel, the holes formed in the side wall 11 of the transverse channel when the pilot tunnel of the first layer is excavated are from nothing to nothing, the influence on the transverse channel is the largest, the rigidity of the transverse channel is not enough only by the anti-extrusion support frame 5 to reinforce, and therefore the top counter-support 3 of the transverse channel needs to be additionally arranged to reinforce and resist the horizontal extrusion of the stratum. Adopt the I-steel that the flange board level set up to prop 3 as the cross passage top in this embodiment, the cross passage top props 3 when the installation, can set up several vertical I-steels in the below and support to it is firm.
As shown in fig. 4-5, in the present embodiment, the anti-extrusion supporting frame 5 includes a horizontal frame 51 sandwiched between two lateral channel sidewalls 11, the horizontal frame 51 is a rectangular frame, two opposite edges of the rectangular frame are respectively disposed against the two lateral channel sidewalls 11, and the other two edges are respectively disposed at two sides of the ingate 2. The horizontal frame 51 is disposed adjacent to the upper horizontal tunnel invert 12 and is suspended from the lower horizontal tunnel invert 12 by the vertical columns 52 anchored at the four corners of the horizontal frame 51. And no matter the horizontal frame 51 or the upright post 52 is formed by welding and splicing I-shaped steel in the transverse channel, and each edge of the frame and the upright post 52 comprise two I-shaped steel arranged side by side.
Of course, each anti-extrusion support frame 5 may also include two horizontal frames 51, the two horizontal frames 51 are respectively disposed against the upper and lower transverse channel inverted arches 12, the upright columns 52 are disposed between the two horizontal frames 51, and the upright columns 52 are disposed at four corners of the horizontal frames 51 and are respectively fixedly connected with the two horizontal frames 51. The anti extrusion support frame 5 has just become a cuboid frame like this, and intensity is higher, nevertheless because size restriction, needs the scene amalgamation in the cross passage, and the abominable environment has restricted the construction precision in the cross passage, the easy problem that the summit position amalgamation can not appear during the amalgamation.
As shown in fig. 6, the transverse channel supporting system further includes a deformation limiting connecting block 6, the deformation limiting connecting block 6 is fixedly connected with the transverse channel side wall 11, and the guide tunnel inverted arch 21 is fixedly connected with the side edge of the transverse channel inverted arch 12 with the minimum distance therebetween through the deformation limiting connecting block 6.
The air duct in this embodiment is excavated by the CRD method, as shown in fig. 3, the pilot tunnel is divided into a plurality of layers, a lining of the pilot tunnel including the pilot tunnel inverted arch 21 is built while excavating, and after one layer is excavated, the next layer is excavated. The excavation of the lower level of the pilot tunnel will cause the upper level of the pilot tunnel invert 21 to separate from the lateral channel side walls 11, resulting in a reduced ability of the pilot tunnel invert 21 to resist longitudinal crushing of the formation. In the invention, after the lower pilot tunnel excavation separates the pilot tunnel inverted arch 21 of the higher pilot tunnel from the lateral channel lateral wall 11, the deformation limiting connecting block 6 is rapidly installed to connect the higher pilot tunnel inverted arch 21 with the adjacent lateral channel inverted arch 12, so that the deformation caused by upward extrusion force in the stratum during the initial stage of the lower pilot tunnel excavation and the lining of the lower pilot tunnel is not formed is avoided, thereby causing ground subsidence.
As shown in fig. 6, the deformation-limiting connection block 6 is plugged between the pilot tunnel invert 21 and the transverse tunnel invert 12 having the smallest distance therebetween, and is fixedly connected to the transverse tunnel invert 12, the pilot tunnel invert 21, and the transverse tunnel side walls 11 on the left and right sides of the pilot tunnel, respectively. In this embodiment, the deformation limiting connecting block 6 is made of steel skeleton concrete, the transverse channel inverted arch 12, the pilot tunnel inverted arch 21 and the transverse channel side wall 11 are all provided with steel skeletons, and the edges of the steel skeletons in the steel skeleton concrete are respectively and fixedly connected with the steel skeletons of the transverse channel inverted arch 12, the steel skeletons of the pilot tunnel inverted arch 21 and the steel skeletons of the transverse channel side walls 11 on the left and right sides of the pilot tunnel. The reason why the steel frame concrete is used here is that the compressive strength is not sufficient if only the steel structure is used for the connection in consideration of the tensile and compressive strength required for the deformation restricting connecting block 6. Steel grating plates or steel reinforcement cages can be selected as steel frameworks in the deformation limiting connecting blocks 6, if the steel reinforcement cages are selected, the steel reinforcement cages are shown in fig. 8 as an example, main reinforcements in the deformation limiting connecting blocks 6 are arranged in parallel to the length direction of a transverse channel and are respectively in cross lap joint with main reinforcements of the transverse channel inverted arch 12 and the guide tunnel inverted arch 21, stirrups are required to be bound at cross positions, and the reinforcement binding conditions of the deformation limiting connecting blocks 6 at other positions are the same as those shown in fig. 8. If steel grating plates are selected, the main ribs of the transverse channel inverted arch 12 and the pilot tunnel inverted arch 21 are inserted into the grid of the steel grating plates and fixed by spot welding.
In this embodiment, every layer has two pilot tunnels, remains banding cross access lateral wall 11 between two pilot tunnels, and the one end of limit deformation connecting block 6 is connected with remaining cross access lateral wall 11 between two pilot tunnels, has dismantled this remaining cross access lateral wall 11 of part by mistake when excavating the pilot tunnel, can remedy on the partition wall in the pilot tunnel with the end connection of limit deformation connecting block 6. The same principle is applied when more than two pilot holes are arranged on each layer, and when the lateral wall 11 between the pilot holes is mistakenly disassembled, the end part of the deformation limiting connecting block 6 can be connected to the middle partition wall of the pilot hole at the position of the lateral wall 11 which is mistakenly disassembled to remedy.
The building process of the transverse passage supporting system for the position of the closestool door comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: drilling a small advanced guide pipe 4 and grouting to reinforce the stratum, wherein double rows of small guide pipes are adopted;
step two: installing a cross passage top butt brace 3, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 2.1: end plates with bolt holes are welded at two ends of the cross channel top bracing 3; the top counter-support 3 of the transverse channel in the embodiment is an I-shaped steel counter-support, so that the transverse channel is fixed by adopting an end plate;
step 2.2: pushing the top counter stay 3 of the transverse channel upwards to enable two ends of the top counter stay to be tightly attached to the side wall 11 of the transverse channel; because the cross passage top narrows from bottom to top gradually, push up cross passage top to propping 3 and can make it block between cross passage lateral wall 11, if can not effectively block, can set up several vertical I-steel in the below and support to it stabilizes to make it stabilize
Step 2.3: the end plates are secured to the cross channel side walls 11 with expansion bolts or chemical bolts.
Step three: installing an anti-extrusion support frame 5; the anti-extrusion support frame 5 is formed by welding and splicing I-shaped steel in a transverse channel.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 3.1: placing the posts 52 against the lateral walls 11 of the transverse channel;
step 3.2: i-shaped steel parallel to the length direction of the transverse channel is placed above the upright post 52 attached to the wall and is welded with the upright post 52;
step 3.3: and h-shaped steel is inserted between the h-shaped steel parallel to the length direction of the transverse channel and is welded and connected with the h-shaped steel parallel to the length direction of the transverse channel to form a horizontal frame 51.
Step four: breaking the side wall 11 of the transverse channel according to the pilot tunnel excavation sequence, excavating the pilot tunnel, and building a lining of the pilot tunnel while excavating; after the lower layer pilot tunnel is excavated to separate the pilot tunnel inverted arch 21 of the higher layer pilot tunnel from the lateral wall 11 of the transverse channel, a deformation limiting connecting block 6 is installed to connect the pilot tunnel inverted arch 21 with the adjacent transverse channel inverted arch 12.
The specific steps are as follows:
step 4.1: breaking the side wall 11 of the transverse channel according to the pilot tunnel excavation sequence, excavating the pilot tunnel, and building a lining of the pilot tunnel while excavating;
step 4.2: in the step 4.1, after the lower-layer pilot tunnel excavation is carried out to separate the pilot tunnel inverted arch 21 of the higher-layer pilot tunnel from the transverse channel side wall 11, chiseling the concrete at the edge of the pilot tunnel inverted arch 21 of the higher-layer pilot tunnel, the edge of the transverse channel inverted arch 12 with the minimum distance with the edge of the pilot tunnel inverted arch 21 of the higher-layer pilot tunnel and the transverse channel side walls 11 at the left side and the right side of the higher-layer pilot tunnel, and exposing the steel skeleton;
step 4.3: building a steel skeleton of the deformation limiting connecting block 6, and connecting the steel skeleton of the pilot tunnel inverted arch 21, the steel skeleton of the transverse channel inverted arch 12 and the steel skeletons of the transverse channel side walls 11 at the left side and the right side of the pilot tunnel into a whole;
step 4.4: and (3) spraying concrete on the steel framework of the deformation limiting connecting block 6 to form the deformation limiting connecting block 6.
In the fourth step, the lateral edge of the transverse channel inverted arch 12 may not correspond to the guide hole inverted arch 21 one by one, so that after the deformation limiting connecting block 6 is installed, the lateral edge of the transverse channel inverted arch 12 still keeps an overhanging state and is not connected with the guide hole inverted arch 21. This is the case to the right of the uppermost transverse channel invert 12, as shown in figure 6. When this occurs, the chamber counter stays 7 can be installed along the lateral edges of the transverse channel inverted arch 12 which is still in the overhanging state. The cavern counter-support 7 is arranged in parallel to the length direction of the transverse passage, two ends of the cavern counter-support are fixedly connected with the lining on the left side and the right side of the pilot tunnel, and the side surface of the cavern counter-support is fixedly connected with the inverted arch 12 of the transverse passage. The cavern plays a similar role of limiting the deformation connecting block 6 to the support 7, and the lining of the pilot tunnel and the transverse channel are connected into a whole, but the effect is not as good as the effect of limiting the deformation connecting block 6.
In addition, if there is a guide tunnel inverted arch 21 too far away from the transverse channel inverted arch 12, as shown in fig. 6, the distance between the guide tunnel inverted arch 21 on the left side of the lowermost transverse channel inverted arch 12 and the transverse channel inverted arch 12 reaches more than 2 meters, and it is very difficult to install the deformation limiting connecting block 6, at this time, as shown in fig. 7, the deformation limiting connecting block 6 at this position is replaced by the above-mentioned cavern counter-support 7, the cavern counter-support 7 is arranged parallel to the length direction of the transverse channel, two ends are fixedly connected with the linings on the left and right sides of the guide tunnel, and the side is fixedly connected with the transverse channel inverted arch 12.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a cross passage support system of horse head door position for shallow bury secretly dig the support of cross passage in the work progress, contain multilayer pilot tunnel invert (21) in the underground cavern of treating the excavation, cross passage support system includes that the multilayer sets up cross passage invert (12) between two cross passage lateral walls (11), its characterized in that: an anti-extrusion support frame (5) used for supporting the upper transverse channel inverted arch (12) and resisting extrusion of the transverse channel side wall (11) is arranged between every two adjacent transverse channel inverted arches (12), and the anti-extrusion support frame (5) is respectively attached to the upper transverse channel inverted arch (12) and the lower transverse channel inverted arch (12) and the two transverse channel side walls (11);
the transverse passage supporting system also comprises transverse passage top opposite supports (3) which are arranged at the top of the transverse passage and two ends of which are respectively supported on the two transverse passage side walls (11).
2. The cross-aisle support system for a position of a seat door of claim 1, wherein: the anti-extrusion support frame (5) comprises a horizontal frame (51) clamped between two transverse channel side walls (11), the horizontal frame (51) is a rectangular frame, two opposite edges of the rectangular frame are respectively attached to the two transverse channel side walls (11), and the other two edges are respectively arranged on two sides of the ingate (2).
3. The cross-aisle support system for a position of a seat door of claim 2, wherein: the horizontal frame (51) is arranged close to the upper transverse channel inverted arch (12) and erected on the lower transverse channel inverted arch (12) through upright posts (52) anchored at four corners of the horizontal frame (51).
4. The cross-aisle support system for a position of a seat door of claim 2, wherein: every anti extrusion support frame (5) include two horizontal frame (51), and two horizontal frame (51) are leaned on respectively and are set up in horizontal passageway invert (12) of upper and lower side, are provided with stand (52) between two horizontal frame (51), stand (52) set up the four corners position in horizontal frame (51) to respectively with two horizontal frame (51) fixed connection.
5. The cross-aisle support system for a position of a seat door of claim 1, wherein: the transverse channel supporting system further comprises a limit deformation connecting block (6), the limit deformation connecting block (6) is fixedly connected with the transverse channel side wall (11), and the guide tunnel inverted arch (21) is fixedly connected with the transverse channel inverted arch (12) with the minimum distance therebetween along the side edge of the limit deformation connecting block (6).
6. The cross-aisle support system for a position of a horse head door of claim 5, wherein: the deformation limiting connecting block (6) is plugged between the pilot tunnel inverted arch (21) and the transverse channel inverted arch (12) with the minimum distance between the pilot tunnel inverted arch and the transverse channel inverted arch and is respectively and fixedly connected with the transverse channel inverted arch (12), the pilot tunnel inverted arch (21) and the transverse channel side walls (11) on the left side and the right side of the pilot tunnel.
7. The cross-aisle support system for a position of a horse head door of claim 6, wherein: the deformation limiting connecting block (6) is made of steel skeleton concrete, the transverse channel inverted arch (12), the pilot tunnel inverted arch (21) and the transverse channel side wall (11) are all provided with steel skeletons, and the edges of the steel skeletons in the steel skeleton concrete are fixedly connected with the steel skeletons of the transverse channel inverted arch (12), the steel skeletons of the pilot tunnel inverted arch (21) and the steel skeletons of the transverse channel side walls (11) on the left side and the right side of the pilot tunnel respectively.
8. A transverse passage support construction method for a ingate position is characterized by comprising the following steps: construction of a cross-channel bracing system for a position of a lavatory door according to claim 7, and comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: drilling a small advanced guide pipe (4) and grouting to reinforce the stratum;
step two: installing a cross channel top opposite support (3);
step three: installing an anti-extrusion support frame (5);
step four: breaking the side wall (11) of the transverse channel according to the pilot tunnel excavation sequence to excavate the pilot tunnel, and simultaneously excavating and building a lining of the pilot tunnel; after a lower layer of pilot tunnel is excavated to separate a pilot tunnel inverted arch (21) of a higher layer of pilot tunnel from a lateral wall (11) of a transverse channel, a deformation limiting connecting block (6) is installed to connect the pilot tunnel inverted arch (21) with an adjacent transverse channel inverted arch (12).
9. The method for constructing a cross tunnel support of a position of a horse head door according to claim 8, wherein: the second step comprises the following sub-steps:
step 2.1: end plates with bolt holes are welded at two ends of the cross channel top bracing (3);
step 2.2: pushing the top counter stay (3) of the transverse channel upwards to enable two ends of the top counter stay to be tightly attached to the side wall (11) of the transverse channel;
step 2.3: the end plates are fixed to the lateral channel side walls (11) by expansion bolts or chemical bolts.
10. The method for constructing a cross tunnel support of a position of a horse head door according to claim 8, wherein: the fourth step comprises the following sub-steps:
step 4.1: breaking the side wall (11) of the transverse channel according to the pilot tunnel excavation sequence to excavate the pilot tunnel, and simultaneously excavating and building a lining of the pilot tunnel;
step 4.2: in the step 4.1, after a lower-layer pilot tunnel is excavated to separate a pilot tunnel inverted arch (21) of a higher-layer pilot tunnel from a transverse channel side wall (11), chiseling concrete at the edge of the pilot tunnel inverted arch (21) of the higher-layer pilot tunnel, the edge of the transverse channel inverted arch (12) with the minimum distance from the edge of the pilot tunnel inverted arch (21) of the higher-layer pilot tunnel and the transverse channel side walls (11) at the left side and the right side of the higher-layer pilot tunnel to expose a steel framework;
step 4.3: building a steel skeleton of the deformation limiting connecting block (6), and connecting the steel skeleton of the pilot tunnel inverted arch (21), the steel skeleton of the transverse channel inverted arch (12) and the steel skeletons of the transverse channel side walls (11) on the left side and the right side of the pilot tunnel into a whole;
step 4.4: and (3) spraying concrete on the steel skeleton of the deformation limiting connecting block (6) to form the deformation limiting connecting block (6).
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| CN112963168A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-15 | 北京交通大学 | Construction method for bridgehead gate of disturbance sensitive stratum ultra-small clear distance large-section group tunnel |
| CN116816396A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-09-29 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Structure and method for arranging rail roof heat extraction air duct by combining underground excavation station with transverse channel |
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