CN112094025B - System and method for recycling phosphorus in sludge - Google Patents
System and method for recycling phosphorus in sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN112094025B CN112094025B CN202010933834.3A CN202010933834A CN112094025B CN 112094025 B CN112094025 B CN 112094025B CN 202010933834 A CN202010933834 A CN 202010933834A CN 112094025 B CN112094025 B CN 112094025B
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- sludge
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- bevel gear
- phosphorus
- dispersing
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recycling phosphorus in sludge, which comprises the following steps: s1, dehydrating sludge in a dehydration device; s2, the dehydrated sludge enters a sludge drying device for drying; s3, the dried sludge enters a carbonization furnace for anoxic carbonization treatment, and sludge carbide is generated after the sludge is carbonized; s4, moving the sludge carbide into an acid reaction tank and adding an acid solution; s5, pouring substances in the acid reaction tank into a filtering device for filtering after full reaction, wherein the filtered liquid is the obtained phosphorus resource product, and the filtered solid is recycled after neutralization; the method has the advantages that the specific surface area of the carbonized sludge is increased, the sludge carbide generated after the sludge carbonization contains phosphate, ferrite and the like, and the phosphate, ferrite and the like are fully dissolved in acid liquor through acid leaching, so that the phosphorus dissolution rate is high by adopting the method, and the obtained phosphorus resource product is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sludge treatment, in particular to a system and a method for recycling phosphorus in sludge.
Background
Phosphorus is an important, difficult-to-regenerate nonmetallic mineral resource and is also an element indispensable to life activities. Currently, the world phosphorus resources are in a deficient condition, so that new phosphorus ore resources have to be searched. The sludge contains rich organic matters, N, P and other nutrient elements, and the recycling of phosphorus resources in the sludge brings a new direction for the recycling of sludge in sewage treatment plants, can reduce the eutrophication degree of water bodies, and has important significance for the recycling of resources.
Along with the improvement of the living standard of people and the acceleration of the urban process, the water consumption per capita is rapidly increased, the treatment capacity of domestic sewage is continuously increased, the yield of sludge as an inevitable product of sewage treatment is continuously increased, the data show that the annual yield of sludge in China is about 5500 ten thousand tons, and the phosphorus content in the sludge accounts for about 3% -5% of the dry matter content of the sludge, so that the phosphorus content in the sludge is extremely rich.
At present, the conventional sludge treatment mode adopted by a sludge factory is incineration, and the method of extracting phosphate from the incinerated slag by acid leaching is an effective method for recovering phosphorus, but the extraction rate of phosphorus is relatively low because the incinerated slag is coked and ferric phosphate is not easy to dissolve out, so that how to improve the recovery rate of phosphorus in the sludge is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and designs a system and a method for recycling phosphorus in sludge.
The technical scheme of the invention for achieving the purpose is that the recovery system of phosphorus in sludge comprises a plate-and-frame filter press, wherein an outlet of the plate-and-frame filter press is connected with an inlet of a sludge drying device, an outlet of the sludge drying device is connected with an inlet of a carbonization furnace, a sludge outlet of the carbonization furnace is connected with an inlet of an acid reaction tank, an outlet of the acid reaction tank is connected with an inlet of a filtering device, and an outlet of the filtering device is connected with an inlet of a neutralization device.
The flue gas outlet of the carbonization furnace is communicated with a flue gas treatment device, the outlet of the flue gas treatment device is communicated with a burner, and heat generated by the burner is supplied to the carbonization furnace.
The technical scheme of the invention for achieving the purpose is that the method for recycling phosphorus in sludge comprises the following steps:
s1, dehydrating sludge in a dehydration device;
s2, the dehydrated sludge enters a sludge drying device for drying;
s3, the dried sludge enters a carbonization furnace to be subjected to anoxic or anaerobic carbonization treatment, and sludge carbide and combustible gas are generated after the sludge is carbonized;
s4, moving the sludge carbide into an acid reaction tank and adding an acid solution;
s5, after full reaction, pouring substances in the acid reaction tank into a filtering device for filtering, wherein the filtered liquid is the obtained phosphorus resource product, and the filtered solid is neutralized and then recycled.
Further, in the step S1, the dewatering device is a plate-and-frame filter press, the dewatering pressure of the plate-and-frame filter press is 0.4-1.0MPa, the sludge stays in the plate-and-frame filter press for 90-120 min, and the water content of the dewatered sludge is 60-75%.
Further, in the step S2, the water content of the dried sludge is 10% -40%.
Further, in the step S3, the carbonization temperature of the sludge is 300-1000 ℃, the carbonization time is 30-60 min, the sludge contains phosphate, ferric salt and the like, ferric iron in the carbonized sludge is reduced into ferrous iron, the combustible gas generated after the sludge is carbonized is mainly hydrocarbon, the combustible gas enters the flue gas treatment equipment 30 along with the flue gas generated by carbonization, and the combustible gas after passing through the flue gas treatment equipment 30 enters the combustor 31 for combustion.
Further, in the step S4, the acid solution is one of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the volume of the acid solution to the sludge carbide is greater than 150ml/g, the pH value is controlled to be 1-3, and after the sludge carbide is soaked in the acid solution, phosphate, ferrite and the like are dissolved in the acid solution.
Further, in the step S5, the filtered solids enter the neutralization device 26 to perform a neutralization reaction, and the neutralized solids are recycled.
The sludge drying device comprises a shell, a sludge inlet and a water vapor outlet are formed in the upper portion of the shell, a sludge outlet is formed in the bottom of the shell, a plurality of groups of sludge dispersing structures are arranged in the shell, and a sludge deceleration structure is communicated with the bottom of the shell.
The shell is provided with a heating body outside, and the heating body is wrapped with a heat preservation layer outside.
The sludge dispersing structure comprises an upper dispersing blade and a lower dispersing blade, wherein the upper dispersing blade and the lower dispersing blade are arranged from top to bottom, and the upper dispersing blade and the lower dispersing blade are respectively fixedly connected with the output end of the power structure.
The power structure comprises a motor, the motor is arranged outside the shell, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected with a rotating rod, the rotating rod penetrates through the side wall of the shell, the output end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear and a third bevel gear are meshed with the first bevel gear, and the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear are respectively connected with the upper-layer dispersing blades and the lower-layer dispersing blades through connecting rods.
The sludge deceleration structure comprises a fan and an air jet pipe, the fan is arranged outside the shell, the output end of the fan is communicated with the air jet pipe, the air jet pipe penetrates through the side wall of the shell, and a plurality of spray heads are arranged on the air jet pipe.
The cleaning structure comprises a plurality of cleaning pipes, wherein water inlets of the cleaning pipes are communicated with the water pump, and water outlets of the cleaning pipes penetrate through the shell.
The recovery method of phosphorus in sludge manufactured by the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages that: the sludge contains ferric salt, phosphate and the like, sludge carbide is generated after the sludge is carbonized, the specific surface area of the sludge is increased, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron, phosphate, ferrous salt and the like can be fully dissolved into an acid solution by acid leaching of the sludge carbide, the obtained solution is a phosphorus resource product, phosphorus in the sludge can be recovered to the greatest extent by adopting the method to treat the sludge, the obtained phosphorus resource product contains ferrous salt, and ferrous iron is an important reducing agent, so that the subsequent utilization of the phosphorus resource product is facilitated; the hot gas outlet of the carbonization furnace is communicated with the flue gas treatment equipment and the burner, combustible gas generated by sludge carbonization enters the burner to be combusted, and heat generated by combustion is supplied to the carbonization furnace, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the economic cost is saved; the heating body adopted by the sludge drying device is wrapped outside the shell, so that the sludge is prevented from polluting the heating body, the sludge can be uniformly scattered for many times by the sludge dispersing structure, the descending speed of the sludge can be reduced by the sludge decelerating structure, and the residence time of the sludge in the shell is prolonged, so that the drying effect is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for recovering phosphorus from sludge according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system suitable for use in the method of recovering phosphorus from sludge according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sludge drying device according to the present invention;
1. a housing; 2. a sludge inlet; 3. a water vapor outlet; 4. a heating body; 5. a sludge dispersing structure; 6. a sludge deceleration structure; 7. a heat preservation layer; 8. a power structure; 9. upper layer dispersion blades; 10. lower layer dispersion blades; 11. a motor; 12. a rotating rod; 13. a first bevel gear; 14. a two-size bevel gear; 15. a third bevel gear; 16. a connecting rod; 17. a blower; 18. a gas lance; 19. a spray head; 20. a plate and frame filter press; 21. a sludge drying device; 22. a carbonization furnace; 23. a sludge outlet; 24. an acid reaction tank; 25. a filtering device; 26. a neutralization device; 27. a cleaning structure; 28. cleaning the tube; 29. a water pump; 30. a flue gas treatment device; 31. a burner; 32. a dewatering device.
Detailed Description
The invention is specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1-2, a method for recovering phosphorus in sludge, and the method for recovering phosphorus in sludge, comprising the following steps:
s1, the sludge enters a dewatering device 32 for dewatering;
s2, the dehydrated sludge enters a sludge drying device 21 for drying;
s3, the dried sludge enters a carbonization furnace 22 for anoxic or anaerobic carbonization treatment, and sludge carbide and combustible gas are generated after the sludge is carbonized;
s4, moving sludge carbide into an acid reaction tank 24 and adding an acid solution;
s5, pouring substances in the acid reaction tank 24 into the filtering device 25 for filtering after full reaction, wherein the filtered liquid is the obtained phosphorus resource product, and the filtered solid is neutralized and then recycled.
Further, in the step S1, the dewatering device 32 is a plate-and-frame filter press 20, the dewatering pressure of the plate-and-frame filter press 20 is 0.4-1.0MPa, the sludge stays in the plate-and-frame filter press 20 for 90-120 min, and the water content of the dewatered sludge is 60-75%. The water content of the sludge is generally above 90%, and the water content of the sludge is reduced after the sludge is dehydrated by the plate-and-frame filter press 20, so that the subsequent sludge drying and sludge carbonization treatment are facilitated.
Further, in the step S2, the water content of the dried sludge is 10% -40%. The sludge drying device adopts an indirect heating drying technology, so that the sludge is prevented from polluting a heating medium in the heating process, and the heat generated by the heating medium can be recycled.
Further, in the step S3, the carbonization temperature of the sludge is 300-1000 ℃, the carbonization time is 30-60 min, the sludge contains phosphate, ferric salt and the like, ferric iron in the sludge is reduced into ferrous iron after the sludge is carbonized, the combustible gas generated after the sludge is carbonized is mainly hydrocarbon, the combustible gas enters the flue gas treatment equipment 30 along with the flue gas generated by carbonization, and the combustible gas after passing through the flue gas treatment equipment 30 enters the combustor 31 for combustion. The heat generated by the burner 31 is supplied to the carbonization furnace 22.
Further, in the step S4, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the volume of the acid solution to the sludge carbide is greater than 150ml/g, and the pH value is controlled to be 1-3, and after the sludge carbide is soaked in the acid solution, phosphate, ferrite, and the like in the sludge carbide are dissolved in the acid solution. The obtained solution is the obtained phosphorus resource product. The acid solution can be sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid with various concentrations, and can also be mixed acid of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid. The sludge carbide is soaked in the acid solution to dissolve phosphate and ferrous salt in the sludge carbide in the acid.
Further, in the step S5, the filtered solids enter the neutralization device 26 to perform a neutralization reaction, and the neutralized solids are recycled. Since a large amount of carbon is generated during carbonization of sludge, a large amount of carbon is contained in sludge carbide, and a large amount of carbon is contained in the neutralized solid, so that the solid can be recycled by combustion or the like.
The utility model provides a recovery system of phosphorus in mud, includes plate-and-frame filter press 20, the export of plate-and-frame filter press 20 is connected with the entry of sludge drying device 21, the export of sludge drying device 21 is connected with the entry of carbonization stove 22, the export of carbonization stove 22 is connected with the entry of acid reaction jar 24, the export of acid reaction jar 24 is connected with the entry of filter equipment 25, the export of filter equipment 25 is connected with the entry of neutralization device 26.
The flue gas outlet of the carbonization furnace 22 is communicated with a flue gas treatment device 30, the outlet of the flue gas treatment device 30 is communicated with a burner 31, and heat generated by the burner 31 is supplied to the carbonization furnace 22. The burner 31 performs combustion treatment on combustible gas generated in the sludge carbonization process; the hot gas after combustion is supplied to the carbonization furnace 22, so that the full utilization of heat is ensured.
The sludge drying device 21 comprises a shell 1, a sludge inlet 2 and a water vapor outlet 3 are arranged on the upper portion of the shell 1, a sludge outlet 23 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, sludge enters the shell 1 from the sludge inlet 2, high temperature is generated in the shell 1, and the sludge dried at high temperature is discharged from the sludge outlet 23. The inside of casing 1 is provided with a plurality of mud dispersed structure 5 of group, casing 1 bottom intercommunication has mud speed reduction structure 6. The sludge dispersing structures 5 are arranged from top to bottom, and the sludge dispersing structures 5 can disperse sludge, so that the sludge drying effect is optimized. The sludge deceleration structure 6 can reduce the descending speed of the sludge, so that the residence time of the sludge in the shell 1 is longer, and the sludge heating time is longer and the drying effect is better.
The shell 1 is externally wrapped with a heating body 4, and the heating body 4 is externally wrapped with a heat preservation layer 7. The heat generated by the heating body 4 is conducted to the inside of the housing 1. The heat preservation layer 7 is used for preserving heat of the heating body 4 and preventing heat from radiating.
The sludge dispersing structure 5 comprises an upper dispersing blade 9 and a lower dispersing blade 10, wherein the upper dispersing blade 9 and the lower dispersing blade 10 are arranged from top to bottom, and the upper dispersing blade 9 and the lower dispersing blade 10 are respectively fixedly connected with the output end of the power structure 8. The power structure 8 drives the upper layer dispersing blades 9 and the lower layer dispersing blades 10 to rotate in opposite directions, so that sludge is better dispersed.
The power structure 8 comprises a motor 11, the motor 11 is arranged outside the shell 1, the output end of the motor 11 is fixedly connected with a rotating rod 12, the rotating rod 12 penetrates through the side wall of the shell 1, the output end of the rotating rod 12 is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear 13, a second bevel gear 14 and a third bevel gear 15 are meshed with the first bevel gear 13, and the second bevel gear 14 and the third bevel gear 15 are respectively fixedly connected with the upper-layer dispersing blades 9 and the lower-layer dispersing blades 10 through connecting rods 16. The output end of the motor 11 drives the rotating rod 12 and the first bevel gear 13 to rotate. The axes of the second bevel gear 14 and the third bevel gear 15 coincide and are perpendicular to the axis of the first bevel gear 13, the first bevel gear 13 drives the second bevel gear 14 and the third bevel gear 15 to rotate when rotating, and the rotation directions of the second bevel gear 14 and the third bevel gear 15 are opposite. Therefore, the rotation directions of the upper dispersing blade 9 and the lower dispersing blade 10 are opposite.
The sludge deceleration structure 6 comprises a fan 17 and an air jet pipe 18, the fan 17 is arranged outside the shell 1, the output end of the fan 17 is communicated with the air jet pipe 18, the air jet pipe 18 penetrates through the side wall of the shell 1, and a plurality of spray heads 19 are arranged on the air jet pipe 18. The air jet pipe 18 and the spray head 19 are arranged at the lower part of the shell 1, the fan 17 blows air upwards through the air jet pipe 18 and the spray head 19, and the impact force of air reduces the descending speed of sludge, so that the time for the sludge to stay in the shell 1 is longer, and the drying effect is optimized.
A cleaning structure 27 is arranged above the shell 1, the cleaning structure 27 comprises a plurality of cleaning pipes 28, water inlets of the cleaning pipes 28 are communicated with a water pump 29, and water outlets of the cleaning pipes 28 penetrate through the shell 1. The cleaning structure 27 can clean the inside of the shell 1, high-pressure water is sprayed from the cleaning pipe 28 to clean the inside of the shell 1, and sewage is directly discharged from the sludge outlet 23.
In the embodiment, ferric iron in the sludge is reduced to ferrous iron after the sludge is carbonized, generated sludge carbide contains phosphate, ferrous salt and the like, the specific surface area of the sludge is increased after the sludge is carbonized, the phosphate and ferrous salt can be fully dissolved into an acid solution by acid leaching of the sludge carbide, the obtained solution is a phosphorus resource product, phosphorus in the sludge can be recovered to the greatest extent by adopting the method to treat the sludge, and the obtained phosphorus resource product contains ferrous salt, and ferrous iron is an important reducing agent, so that the subsequent utilization of the phosphorus resource product is facilitated; the gas outlet of the carbonization furnace 22 is communicated with a burner 31, combustible gas generated by sludge carbonization enters the burner 31 to be combusted, and generated heat is supplied to the carbonization furnace 22, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the economic cost is saved; the sludge drying device 21 adopts an indirect heating technology to prevent sludge from polluting the heating body 4, adopts the sludge dispersing structure 5 to scatter the sludge, and adopts the sludge decelerating structure 6 to reduce the descending speed of the sludge so as to prolong the residence time of the sludge in the shell 1, so that the drying effect is good.
The above technical solution only represents the preferred technical solution of the present invention, and some changes that may be made by those skilled in the art to some parts of the technical solution represent the principles of the present invention, and the technical solution falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a recovery system of phosphorus in mud, its characterized in that includes plate-and-frame filter press (20), the export of plate-and-frame filter press (20) is connected with the entry of sludge drying device (21), the export of sludge drying device (21) is connected with the entry of carbonization stove (22), the sludge outlet of carbonization stove (22) is connected with the entry of acid reaction tank (24), the export of acid reaction tank (24) is connected with the entry of filter equipment (25), the export of filter equipment (25) is connected with the entry of neutralization device (26);
the sludge drying device (21) comprises a shell (1), a sludge inlet (2) and a steam outlet (3) are arranged at the upper part of the shell (1), a sludge outlet (23) is arranged at the bottom of the shell (1), sludge enters the shell (1) from the sludge inlet (2), high temperature is generated in the shell (1), and the sludge dried at high temperature is discharged from the sludge outlet (23);
a plurality of groups of sludge dispersing structures (5) are arranged in the shell (1), and a sludge decelerating structure (6) is communicated with the bottom of the shell (1);
a plurality of groups of sludge dispersing structures (5) are arranged from top to bottom, and the sludge dispersing structures 5 are used for dispersing sludge and optimizing sludge drying;
the sludge deceleration structure (6) is used for reducing the descending speed of the sludge and enabling the residence time of the sludge in the shell (1) to be longer, so that the sludge heating time is longer and the drying effect is better;
a heating body (4) is wrapped outside the shell (1), and a heat preservation layer (7) is wrapped outside the heating body (4);
the heat generated by the heating body (4) is conducted to the inside of the shell (1);
the heat preservation layer (7) is used for preserving heat of the heating body (4) and preventing heat from radiating;
the sludge dispersing structure (5) comprises an upper dispersing blade (9) and a lower dispersing blade (10), wherein the upper dispersing blade (9) and the lower dispersing blade (10) are arranged from top to bottom, and the upper dispersing blade (9) and the lower dispersing blade (10) are respectively fixedly connected with the output end of the power structure (8);
the power structure (8) drives the upper layer dispersing blades (9) and the lower layer dispersing blades (10) to rotate in opposite directions, so as to better disperse the sludge;
the power structure (8) comprises a motor (11), the motor (11) is arranged outside the shell (1), the output end of the motor (11) is fixedly connected with a rotating rod (12), the rotating rod (12) penetrates through the side wall of the shell (1), the output end of the rotating rod (12) is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear (13), a second bevel gear (14) and a third bevel gear (15) are meshed with the first bevel gear (13), and the second bevel gear (14) and the third bevel gear (15) are respectively fixedly connected with the upper-layer dispersing blades (9) and the lower-layer dispersing blades (10) through connecting rods (16);
the output end of the motor (11) drives the rotating rod (12) and the first bevel gear (13) to rotate;
the axes of the second bevel gear (14) and the third bevel gear (15) are coincident and perpendicular to the axis of the first bevel gear (13), the first bevel gear (13) drives the second bevel gear (14) and the third bevel gear (15) to rotate when rotating, and the rotation directions of the second bevel gear (14) and the third bevel gear (15) are opposite; the rotation directions of the upper layer dispersing blades (9) and the lower layer dispersing blades (10) are opposite;
the sludge deceleration structure (6) comprises a fan (17) and an air jet pipe (18), the fan (17) is arranged outside the shell (1), the output end of the fan (17) is communicated with the air jet pipe (18), the air jet pipe (18) penetrates through the side wall of the shell (1), and a plurality of spray heads (19) are arranged on the air jet pipe (18);
the air ejector tube (18) and the spray head (19) are arranged at the lower part of the shell (1), the fan (17) blows air upwards through the air ejector tube (18) and the spray head (19), the impact force of air reduces the descending speed of the sludge, the time for the sludge to stay in the shell (1) is longer, and the drying effect is optimized;
a cleaning structure (27) is arranged above the shell (1), the cleaning structure (27) comprises a plurality of cleaning pipes (28), water inlets of the cleaning pipes (28) are communicated with a water pump (29), and water outlets of the cleaning pipes (28) penetrate through the shell (1);
the cleaning structure (27) cleans the inside of the shell (1), high-pressure water is sprayed out of the cleaning pipe (28) to clean the inside of the shell (1), and sewage is directly discharged from the sludge outlet (23).
2. The recovery system of phosphorus in sludge according to claim 1, wherein a flue gas outlet of the carbonization furnace (22) is communicated with a flue gas treatment device (30), an outlet of the flue gas treatment device (30) is communicated with a burner (31), and heat generated by the burner (31) is supplied to the carbonization furnace (22).
3. A method for recovering phosphorus from sludge applied to a system for recovering phosphorus from sludge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the steps of:
s1, dehydrating sludge in a dehydration device (32);
s2, the dehydrated sludge enters a sludge drying device (21) for drying;
s3, the dried sludge enters a carbonization furnace (22) for anoxic or anaerobic carbonization treatment, and sludge carbide and combustible gas are generated after the sludge is carbonized;
s4, moving sludge carbide into an acid reaction tank (24) and adding an acid solution;
s5, pouring substances in the acid reaction tank (24) into a filtering device (25) for filtering after full reaction, wherein the filtered liquid is the obtained phosphorus resource product, and the filtered solid is neutralized and then recycled.
4. The method for recovering phosphorus from sludge according to claim 3, wherein in the step S1, the dewatering device (32) is a plate-and-frame filter press (20), the dewatering pressure of the plate-and-frame filter press (20) is 0.4-1.0MPa, the sludge stays in the plate-and-frame filter press (20) for 90-120 min, and the water content of the dewatered sludge is 60-75%.
5. The method for recycling phosphorus in sludge according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the water content of the dried sludge is 10% -40%.
6. The method for recycling phosphorus in sludge according to claim 3, wherein in the step S3, the carbonization temperature of the sludge is 300-1000 ℃, the carbonization time is 30-60 min, the sludge contains phosphate and ferric salt, the specific surface area of the sludge is increased after carbonization, ferric iron in the sludge is reduced to ferrous iron, the combustible gas generated after carbonization of the sludge is mainly hydrocarbon, the combustible gas enters the flue gas treatment equipment (30) along with flue gas generated by carbonization, and the combustible gas after passing through the flue gas treatment equipment (30) enters the burner (31) for combustion.
7. The method for recycling phosphorus from sludge according to claim 3, wherein in the step S4, the acid solution is sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, the solid-liquid ratio of the volume of the acid solution to the solid-liquid ratio of the sludge carbide is more than 150ml/g, the pH value is controlled between 1 and 3, and phosphate and ferrous salt in the sludge are dissolved out after the sludge carbide is soaked in the acid solution.
8. A method for recovering phosphorus from sludge as claimed in claim 3, wherein in said step S5, the filtered solids are subjected to neutralization reaction in a neutralization apparatus (26), and the neutralized solids are recycled.
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