CN112092130A - Bamboo fiber powder, bamboo fiber composite board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bamboo fiber powder, bamboo fiber composite board and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112092130A CN112092130A CN202010863203.9A CN202010863203A CN112092130A CN 112092130 A CN112092130 A CN 112092130A CN 202010863203 A CN202010863203 A CN 202010863203A CN 112092130 A CN112092130 A CN 112092130A
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- heavy calcium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/001—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/003—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 by using electromagnetic radiation or mechanical waves
- B27K5/0055—Radio-waves, e.g. microwaves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/06—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood powder or sawdust
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
Abstract
The invention provides bamboo fiber powder, a bamboo fiber composite board and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: after the bamboo chips are cooked, crushing the bamboo chips along the growth direction of bamboo fibers without breaking the bamboo chips to prepare bamboo filaments; drying the bamboo filaments, and irradiating for 40-45 minutes under the microwave with the power of 180-220W to obtain semi-carbonized bamboo filaments; and grinding the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments into bamboo powder, irradiating for 80-90 s under the microwave with the power of 12-14 KW, and heating to obtain the bamboo fiber powder. The bamboo fiber powder is matched with a microwave and heating process to form a large number of pores on the surface and inside of the bamboo powder, so that the surface area of the bamboo fiber powder is increased, and the bamboo fiber powder is better combined with other components in the bamboo fiber composite board, such as resin and calcium powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of panel processing, and particularly relates to a bamboo fiber powder, a bamboo fiber composite panel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The bamboo has short growth cycle and rich resources, and bamboo products are widely applied to daily life. The bamboo fiber composite board is a product which is deeply processed by using bamboo as a raw material. Among them, bamboo fiber extracted from bamboo is one of important raw materials. The bamboo fiber has the characteristics of good air permeability, instant water absorption, strong wear resistance, good dyeing property and the like. The interface performance of the bamboo fiber is poor, and the bamboo fiber needs to be modified, so that the bamboo fiber and the bamboo fiber composite board can be better combined with resin, and the strength of the bamboo fiber and bamboo fiber composite board is improved. In general, the modification method is to modify bamboo fibers by using chemical reagents, but the method is not in accordance with the concept of green environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide bamboo fiber powder, a bamboo fiber composite board and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problem that the existing bamboo fiber powder is modified by a chemical reagent.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing bamboo fiber powder, comprising the following steps:
after the bamboo chips are cooked, crushing the bamboo chips along the growth direction of bamboo fibers without breaking the bamboo chips to prepare bamboo filaments;
drying the bamboo filaments, and irradiating for 40-45 minutes under the microwave with the power of 180-220W to obtain semi-carbonized bamboo filaments;
and grinding the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments into bamboo powder, irradiating for 80-90 s under the microwave with the power of 12-14 KW, and heating to obtain the bamboo fiber powder.
Optionally, the bamboo chips are cooked at 105-115 ℃ for 5-6 hours.
Optionally, the step of cooking the bamboo chips and the step of crushing the bamboo chips further comprises the step of cooling the cooked bamboo chips in ice water.
Optionally, the step of heating comprises: the bamboo powder after microwave irradiation is heated for 50-60 minutes at 240-250 ℃.
On the other hand, the invention provides bamboo fiber powder prepared by the preparation method.
The invention also provides a bamboo fiber composite board which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
55-60 parts of bamboo fiber powder, 80-95 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 50-60 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin powder, 5-10 parts of foaming agent, 2-5 parts of coupling agent, 8-12 parts of stabilizer and 1-2 parts of plasticizer; the calcium carbonate powder is heavy calcium carbonate powder, and the particle size of the heavy calcium carbonate powder comprises the following three types: 45-50 μm, 105-110 μm and 155-165 μm.
Optionally, the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 45-50 μm accounts for 20-30 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder; the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 105-110 mu m accounts for 25-30 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder; the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 105-110 mu m accounts for 45-55 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder.
Optionally, the polyvinyl chloride resin powder is of PVC3 type or PVC5 type.
Optionally, the coupling agent is a chloro-acetate copolymer.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the bamboo fiber composite board, which comprises the following steps:
preparing each component in the raw materials according to the weight ratio, mixing the raw materials, and stirring the mixture after mixing to obtain a mixture;
extruding the mixture at 100-120 ℃ to obtain a plasticized and micro-foamed material;
the plasticized and micro-foamed material is rolled and pressed into a 9-22 mm plate;
and cooling and shaping the obtained board to obtain the bamboo fiber composite board.
The preparation method of the bamboo fiber powder comprises the steps of cooking and crushing bamboo chips to prepare bamboo filaments, irradiating for 40-45 minutes under 180-220W of microwave to obtain semi-carbonized bamboo filaments, partially carbonizing the bamboo filaments, and enabling inner pores of the bamboo filaments to be communicated, wherein the ground bamboo powder has a large specific surface area. Irradiating the bamboo powder for 80-90 s under the microwave with the power of 12-14 KW, further increasing the internal porosity of the bamboo powder, and then increasing the surface porosity of the bamboo powder through heating to obtain the bamboo fiber powder. The bamboo fiber powder is matched with a microwave and heating process to form a large number of pores on the surface and inside of the bamboo powder, so that the surface area of the bamboo fiber powder is increased, and the bamboo fiber powder is better combined with other components in the bamboo fiber composite board, such as resin and calcium powder. The preparation method of the bamboo fiber powder is green and environment-friendly because no chemical reagent is added.
The bamboo fiber composite board adopts the bamboo fiber powder prepared by the preparation method. The surface and the inside of the bamboo fiber powder are provided with a large number of pores, the surface is rough, and the interface performance is high, so that the bamboo fiber powder can be better combined with resin, and the strength of the bamboo fiber composite board is improved. Meanwhile, the calcium carbonate powder is heavy calcium carbonate powder with the following three particle sizes: 45-50 mu m, 105-110 mu m and 155-165 mu m, compared with the traditional process in which extra fine calcium powder with consistent particle size is added, the heavy calcium carbonate powder with three particle sizes can make the internal structure of the material more compact, reduce the internal stress of the material and make the bamboo fiber composite board have good stability. And the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 45-50 mu m can fill the pores of the bamboo fiber powder, so that the heavy calcium carbonate powder and the bamboo fiber powder are fully kneaded.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A preparation method of bamboo fiber powder comprises the following steps:
after the bamboo chips are cooked, crushing the bamboo chips along the growth direction of bamboo fibers without breaking the bamboo chips to prepare bamboo filaments;
drying the bamboo filaments, and irradiating for 40-45 minutes under the microwave with the power of 180-220W to obtain semi-carbonized bamboo filaments;
and grinding the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments into bamboo powder, irradiating for 80-90 s under the microwave with the power of 12-14 KW, and heating to obtain the bamboo fiber powder.
Removing green and yellow of bamboo, and cutting into bamboo chips. The bamboo chips are boiled to remove soluble organic matters in the bamboo, and meanwhile, the bamboo chips absorb sufficient moisture to facilitate subsequent crushing. The crushing direction is the bamboo fiber growth direction, avoids bamboo chip fibre fracture.
The bamboo filaments can be dried to a water content of 20-25%. And irradiating for 40-45 minutes under the microwave with the power of 180-220W to obtain the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments. The semi-carbonization refers to that after microwave heating, the bamboo filament is partially carbonized, but the original toughness of the bamboo is still kept. The bamboo filament batting is irradiated by microwaves with the power of 180-220W for 30 minutes, so that a good semi-carbonization effect can be achieved. If the irradiation time is not enough, the bamboo filament is not easy to be carbonized, and if the irradiation time is overlong, the bamboo filament is completely carbonized. Hemicellulose in the carbonized part of the bamboo filaments is degraded, the concentration of hydrophilic groups-hydroxyl in the bamboo filaments is reduced, nutrient substances required by corrosive bacteria which are easy to grow on the bamboo fibers are also degraded, and the corrosion resistance of the bamboo fibers is improved. More importantly, the inner pores of the carbonized part of the bamboo filament are communicated, so that the ground bamboo powder has larger specific surface area.
Irradiating the bamboo powder for 80-90 s under the microwave with the power of 12-14 KW, and further increasing the porosity inside the bamboo powder. The irradiation is carried out by selecting microwave with high power for short time, so as to avoid complete carbonization of the bamboo powder. The surface porosity of the bamboo powder can be effectively increased by continuously heating, so that the inner surface and the outer surface of the bamboo powder have higher porosity.
The preparation method of the bamboo fiber powder comprises the steps of cooking and crushing bamboo chips to prepare bamboo filaments, irradiating for 40-45 minutes under 180-220W of microwave to obtain semi-carbonized bamboo filaments, partially carbonizing the bamboo filaments, and enabling inner pores of the bamboo filaments to be communicated, wherein the ground bamboo powder has a large specific surface area. Irradiating the bamboo powder for 80-90 s under the microwave with the power of 12-14 KW, further increasing the internal porosity of the bamboo powder, and then increasing the surface porosity of the bamboo powder through heating to obtain the bamboo fiber powder. The bamboo fiber powder is matched with a microwave and heating process to form a large number of pores on the surface and inside of the bamboo powder, so that the surface area of the bamboo fiber powder is increased, and the bamboo fiber powder is better combined with other components in the bamboo fiber composite board, such as resin and calcium powder.
Optionally, the bamboo chips are cooked at 105-115 ℃ for 5-6 hours. Under the condition, soluble organic matters in the bamboo can be sufficiently removed, and meanwhile, sufficient moisture can be absorbed in the bamboo chips, so that the subsequent crushing is facilitated.
Optionally, the step of cooking the bamboo chips and the step of crushing the bamboo chips further comprises the step of cooling the cooked bamboo chips in ice water.
The bamboo chips enter the low-temperature environment of ice water from the high-temperature environment of cooking and undergo rapid temperature change. The non-bamboo fiber organic matter loses activity, has a loose structure, generates micro-pores in molecules and among molecules, increases the porosity of bamboo chips, and provides a foundation for higher specific surface area of the bamboo filaments. Meanwhile, the pores of the bamboo chips are enlarged, so that the bamboo chips are easier to crush.
Optionally, the step of heating comprises: the bamboo powder after microwave irradiation is heated for 50-60 minutes at 240-250 ℃.
Under the condition, the heating temperature is relatively high, the heating time is short, and the production efficiency is improved due to the fact that more pores are generated on the surface of the bamboo fiber. The heat treatment method and the microwave are combined, so that the porosity of the inner surface and the outer surface of the bamboo powder is effectively improved.
On the other hand, the invention provides bamboo fiber powder prepared by the preparation method. Due to the adoption of the preparation method, the bamboo fiber powder has a large number of pores on the surface and inside, and can be better combined with other components in the bamboo fiber composite board, such as resin and calcium powder.
The invention also provides a bamboo fiber composite board which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
55-60 parts of bamboo fiber powder, 80-95 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 50-60 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin powder, 5-10 parts of foaming agent, 2-5 parts of coupling agent, 8-12 parts of stabilizer and 1-2 parts of plasticizer; the calcium carbonate powder is heavy calcium carbonate powder, and the particle size of the heavy calcium carbonate powder comprises the following three types: 45-50 μm, 105-110 μm and 155-165 μm.
The common bamboo fiber powder, resin and heavy calcium powder are non-isotropic materials, have poor interface compatibility and are difficult to be fully kneaded. The surface and the inside of the bamboo fiber powder are provided with a large number of pores, the surface is rough, and the interface performance is high, so that the bamboo fiber powder can be better combined with resin. And the pores of the bamboo fiber powder can be filled with heavy calcium carbonate powder of 45-50 mu m.
The calcium carbonate powder has high strength, better wear resistance, fire resistance and elastic modulus than wood, good corrosion resistance, acid and alkali resistance and difficult worm damage.
The calcium carbonate powder is heavy calcium carbonate powder with the following three particle sizes: 45-50 mu m, 105-110 mu m and 155-165 mu m, compared with the traditional process in which extra fine calcium powder with consistent particle size is added, the heavy calcium carbonate powder with three particle sizes can make the internal structure of the material more compact, reduce the internal stress of the material and make the bamboo fiber composite board have good stability. The heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 45-50 mu m can fill the pores of the bamboo fiber powder, so that the heavy calcium carbonate powder and the bamboo fiber powder are fully kneaded.
The addition of the polyvinyl chloride resin enables the material to have physical properties such as compression resistance, bending resistance and the like which are equivalent to those of hardwood, and the durability of the material is obviously superior to that of common wood materials.
The bamboo fiber composite board adopts the bamboo fiber powder prepared by the preparation method. The surface and the inside of the bamboo fiber powder are provided with a large number of pores, the surface is rough, and the interface performance is high, so that the bamboo fiber powder can be better combined with resin, and the strength of the bamboo fiber composite board is improved. Meanwhile, the calcium carbonate powder is heavy calcium carbonate powder with the following three particle sizes: 45-50 mu m, 105-110 mu m and 155-165 mu m, compared with the traditional process in which extra fine calcium powder with consistent particle size is added, the heavy calcium carbonate powder with three particle sizes can make the internal structure of the material more compact, reduce the internal stress of the material and make the bamboo fiber composite board have good stability. And the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 45-50 mu m can fill the pores of the bamboo fiber powder, so that the heavy calcium carbonate powder and the bamboo fiber powder are fully kneaded.
Optionally, the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 45-50 μm accounts for 20-30 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder; the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 105-110 mu m accounts for 25-30 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder; the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 105-110 mu m accounts for 45-55 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder.
Optionally, the polyvinyl chloride resin powder is of PVC3 type or PVC5 type.
Optionally, the coupling agent is a chloro-acetate copolymer.
Optionally, the method comprises the following steps:
preparing each component in the raw materials according to the weight ratio, mixing the raw materials, and stirring the mixture after mixing to obtain a mixture;
extruding the mixture at 100-120 ℃ to obtain a plasticized and micro-foamed material;
the plasticized and micro-foamed material is rolled and pressed into a 9-22 mm plate;
and cooling and shaping the obtained board to obtain the bamboo fiber composite board.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Firstly, the preparation of the bamboo fiber powder comprises the following steps:
steaming bamboo chips at 105 deg.C for 6 hr, cooling in ice water, taking out, and crushing along the growth direction of bamboo fiber without breaking bamboo chip fiber to obtain bamboo filament.
And drying the bamboo filaments, and irradiating for 45 minutes under the microwave with the power of 180W to obtain the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments.
And grinding the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments into bamboo powder, irradiating for 90s under the microwave with the power of 12KW, and heating for 60 minutes at 240 ℃ to obtain the bamboo fiber powder.
Secondly, the preparation method of the bamboo fiber composite board comprises the following steps:
preparing 55 parts of bamboo fiber powder, 95 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 50 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin powder, 10 parts of foaming agent, 2 parts of coupling agent, 12 parts of stabilizer and 1 part of plasticizer; the calcium carbonate powder is heavy calcium carbonate powder, and the particle size of the heavy calcium carbonate powder comprises the following three types: 45-50 μm, 105-110 μm and 155-165 μm. The heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 45-50 mu m accounts for 30 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder; the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 105-110 mu m accounts for 25 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder; the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 105-110 mu m accounts for 45 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder. The polyvinyl chloride resin powder is PVC3 type. The coupling agent is a copolymer of chloro-acetic acid.
Mixing the raw materials, and stirring after mixing to obtain a mixture.
And extruding the mixture at 100 ℃ to obtain a plasticized and micro-foamed material.
And (4) rolling and pressing the plasticized and micro-foamed material into a 22mm plate.
And cooling and shaping the obtained board to obtain the bamboo fiber composite board.
Example 2
Firstly, the preparation of the bamboo fiber powder comprises the following steps:
steaming bamboo chips at 115 deg.C for 5 hr, cooling in ice water, taking out, and crushing along the growth direction of bamboo fiber without breaking bamboo chip fiber to obtain bamboo filament.
And drying the bamboo filaments, and irradiating for 40 minutes under the microwave with the power of 220W to obtain the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments.
And grinding the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments into bamboo powder, irradiating for 80s under the microwave with the power of 14KW, and heating for 50 minutes at 240 ℃ to obtain the bamboo fiber powder.
Secondly, the preparation method of the bamboo fiber composite board comprises the following steps:
preparing 60 parts of bamboo fiber powder, 80 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 60 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin powder, 5 parts of foaming agent, 2 parts of coupling agent, 8 parts of stabilizing agent and 1 part of plasticizer; the calcium carbonate powder is heavy calcium carbonate powder, and the particle size of the heavy calcium carbonate powder comprises the following three types: 45-50 μm, 105-110 μm and 155-165 μm. The heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 45-50 mu m accounts for 20 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder; the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 105-110 mu m accounts for 30 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder; the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 105-110 mu m accounts for 50 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder. The polyvinyl chloride resin powder is PVC3 type. The coupling agent is a copolymer of chloro-acetic acid.
Mixing the raw materials, and stirring after mixing to obtain a mixture.
And extruding the mixture at 120 ℃ to obtain a plasticized and micro-foamed material.
And (4) rolling and pressing the plasticized and micro-foamed material into a 22mm plate.
And cooling and shaping the obtained board to obtain the bamboo fiber composite board.
Example 3
Firstly, the preparation of the bamboo fiber powder comprises the following steps:
steaming bamboo chips at 110 deg.C for 5.5 hr, cooling in ice water, taking out, and crushing along the growth direction of bamboo fiber without breaking bamboo chip fiber to obtain bamboo filament.
And drying the bamboo filaments, and irradiating for 42 minutes under the microwave with the power of 200W to obtain the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments.
And grinding the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments into bamboo powder, irradiating for 85s under the microwave with the power of 13KW, and heating for 55 minutes at 245 ℃ to obtain the bamboo fiber powder.
Secondly, the preparation method of the bamboo fiber composite board comprises the following steps:
preparing 58 parts of bamboo fiber powder, 90 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 55 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin powder, 8 parts of foaming agent, 4 parts of coupling agent, 10 parts of stabilizer and 2 parts of plasticizer; the calcium carbonate powder is heavy calcium carbonate powder, and the particle size of the heavy calcium carbonate powder comprises the following three types: 45-50 μm, 105-110 μm and 155-165 μm. The heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 45-50 mu m accounts for 28 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder; the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 105-110 mu m accounts for 26 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder; the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 105-110 mu m accounts for 46 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder. The polyvinyl chloride resin powder is PVC5 type. The coupling agent is a copolymer of chloro-acetic acid.
Mixing the raw materials, and stirring after mixing to obtain a mixture.
And extruding the mixture at 100-120 ℃ to obtain a plasticized and micro-foamed material.
And (4) rolling and pressing the plasticized and micro-foamed material into a 22mm plate.
And cooling and shaping the obtained board to obtain the bamboo fiber composite board.
Comparative example 1
Firstly, the preparation of the bamboo fiber powder comprises the following steps:
steaming bamboo chips at 110 deg.C for 5.5 hr, cooling in ice water, taking out, and crushing along the growth direction of bamboo fiber without breaking bamboo chip fiber to obtain bamboo filament.
Drying the bamboo filaments, and grinding into bamboo powder.
Irradiating the bamboo powder for 85s under the microwave with the power of 13KW, and heating for 55 minutes at 245 ℃ to obtain the bamboo fiber powder.
The rest of the procedure was the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 2
Firstly, the preparation of the bamboo fiber powder comprises the following steps:
steaming bamboo chips at 110 deg.C for 5.5 hr, cooling in ice water, taking out, and crushing along the growth direction of bamboo fiber without breaking bamboo chip fiber to obtain bamboo filament.
And drying the bamboo filaments, and irradiating for 42 minutes under the microwave with the power of 200W to obtain the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments.
And grinding the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments into bamboo powder, and heating at 245 ℃ for 55 minutes to obtain the bamboo fiber powder.
The rest of the procedure was the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 3
Firstly, the preparation of the bamboo fiber powder comprises the following steps:
steaming bamboo chips at 110 deg.C for 5.5 hr, cooling in ice water, taking out, and crushing along the growth direction of bamboo fiber without breaking bamboo chip fiber to obtain bamboo filament.
And drying the bamboo filaments, and irradiating for 42 minutes under the microwave with the power of 200W to obtain the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments.
And grinding the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments into bamboo powder, and irradiating for 85s under the microwave with the power of 13KW to obtain the bamboo fiber powder.
The rest of the procedure was the same as in example 3.
The bamboo fiber composite boards of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were installed in GB/T17657 for performance testing, and the results are shown in the following table:
| strength/MPa | |
| Example 1 | 2.11 |
| Example 2 | 2.09 |
| Example 3 | 2.14 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.58 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1.47 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1.63 |
As can be seen from the above table, in comparative example 1, the processing step for preparing the semi-carbonized bamboo filament is absent, and at this time, the porosity inside the bamboo filament is affected to some extent, so that the interfacial properties of the bamboo fiber powder are not sufficiently improved, and the strength of the bamboo fiber composite board is relatively low. The bamboo powder in the comparative example 2 is not subjected to the second microwave irradiation, and the porosity inside the bamboo filaments is greatly influenced, so that the interface performance of the bamboo fiber powder is not improved enough, and the strength of the bamboo fiber composite board is low. The bamboo powder in the comparative example 3 is not subjected to heating treatment, and the porosity of the surface of the bamboo filament is greatly influenced, so that the interface performance of the bamboo fiber powder is not improved enough, and the strength of the bamboo fiber composite board is low.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the present specification and directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields within the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the bamboo fiber powder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after the bamboo chips are cooked, crushing the bamboo chips along the growth direction of bamboo fibers without breaking the bamboo chips to prepare bamboo filaments;
drying the bamboo filaments, and irradiating for 40-45 minutes under the microwave with the power of 180-220W to obtain semi-carbonized bamboo filaments;
and grinding the semi-carbonized bamboo filaments into bamboo powder, irradiating for 80-90 s under the microwave with the power of 12-14 KW, and heating to obtain the bamboo fiber powder.
2. The preparation method of bamboo fiber powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bamboo chips are cooked at 105-115 ℃ for 5-6 hours.
3. The method for preparing bamboo fiber powder as claimed in claim 2, further comprising cooling the cooked bamboo chips in ice water between the bamboo chip cooking step and the bamboo chip crushing step.
4. The method for preparing bamboo fiber powder according to claim 2, wherein the heating step comprises: the bamboo powder after microwave irradiation is heated for 50-60 minutes at 240-250 ℃.
5. Bamboo fiber powder prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The bamboo fiber composite board is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
55-60 parts of bamboo fiber powder, 80-95 parts of calcium carbonate powder, 50-60 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin powder, 5-10 parts of foaming agent, 2-5 parts of coupling agent, 8-12 parts of stabilizer and 1-2 parts of plasticizer according to claim 5; the calcium carbonate powder is heavy calcium carbonate powder, and the particle size of the heavy calcium carbonate powder comprises the following three types: 45-50 μm, 105-110 μm and 155-165 μm.
7. The bamboo fiber composite board as claimed in claim 6, wherein the heavy calcium carbonate powder with a particle size of 45-50 μm accounts for 20-30 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder; the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 105-110 mu m accounts for 25-30 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder; the heavy calcium carbonate powder with the particle size of 105-110 mu m accounts for 45-55 wt% of the total weight of the heavy calcium carbonate powder.
8. The bamboo fiber composite board as claimed in claim 6, wherein the polyvinyl chloride resin powder is PVC3 type or PVC5 type.
9. The bamboo fiber composite board according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the coupling agent is a chloro-acetate copolymer.
10. A preparation method of the bamboo fiber composite board as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing each component in the raw materials according to the weight ratio, mixing the raw materials, and stirring the mixture after mixing to obtain a mixture;
extruding the mixture at 100-120 ℃ to obtain a plasticized and micro-foamed material;
the plasticized and micro-foamed material is rolled and pressed into a 9-22 mm plate;
and cooling and shaping the obtained board to obtain the bamboo fiber composite board.
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