CN112090747A - Material screening device and material screening method - Google Patents
Material screening device and material screening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112090747A CN112090747A CN202011235804.1A CN202011235804A CN112090747A CN 112090747 A CN112090747 A CN 112090747A CN 202011235804 A CN202011235804 A CN 202011235804A CN 112090747 A CN112090747 A CN 112090747A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
- B07B11/02—Arrangement of air or material conditioning accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
- B07B11/04—Control arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
- B07B11/06—Feeding or discharging arrangements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of material screening, in particular to material screening equipment. The material screening equipment comprises a base, a material groove, a vibration mechanism and an air supply mechanism; the vibrating mechanism is relatively fixed with the material groove, and the material groove is elastically connected with the base; the bottom of the material groove is provided with a vent hole, and the air supply mechanism is used for supplying air with the air speed changing along a preset waveform to the material groove through the vent hole; the two opposite ends of the material groove are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, the bottom of the material groove is downwards inclined from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, and the discharge outlet is provided with at least two sorting channels distributed along the up-down direction. The material screening method is applied to the material screening equipment. The material screening equipment and the material screening method provided by the invention can be used for layering and separating materials according to density.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material screening, in particular to material screening equipment and a material screening method.
Background
The material screening equipment screens materials according to needs so that the materials with different specifications can be separated from each other.
The existing material screening equipment can only be used for layering and separating materials according to granularity, cannot be used for layering and separating the materials according to density, and is difficult to meet the requirements of layering and separating the materials by taking the density as a standard.
In summary, how to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the existing material screening apparatus is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide material screening equipment and a material screening method, which are used for solving the technical problem that materials cannot be layered and separated according to density in the material screening equipment in the prior art.
The invention provides material screening equipment which comprises a base, a material groove, a vibration mechanism and an air supply mechanism.
The vibration mechanism is relatively fixed with the material groove, and the material groove is elastically connected with the base; the bottom of the material groove is provided with a vent hole, and the air supply mechanism is used for supplying air with the air speed changing along a preset waveform to the material groove through the vent hole.
The two opposite ends of the material groove are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, the bottom of the material groove is downwards inclined from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, and at least two sorting channels are arranged at the discharge outlet.
Preferably, as an implementation mode, the vibration direction of the vibration mechanism facing the discharge port and the material motion surface of the bottom of the material groove form an included angle ranging from 45 degrees to 75 degrees.
Preferably, as an implementation manner, the wind speed variation curve of the wind with the preset waveform is a quasi-sinusoidal curve.
Preferably, as an implementation mode, the air supply mechanism includes an air chamber, a blower, an air volume adjusting valve and a controller, the top opening of the air chamber is arranged, and the bottom of the material tank covers the top of the blower and is connected with the bottom of the material tank.
The bottom of the air chamber is provided with an air inlet which is communicated with an air outlet of the fan, and the air quantity regulating valve is arranged at the air inlet of the air chamber; the controller is electrically connected with the air volume regulating valve and is used for regulating the opening of the air volume regulating valve so as to enable the air speed of the air entering the material tank to change along a preset waveform.
Preferably, as an implementation mode, the material sieving device further comprises a first driving mechanism, wherein the first driving mechanism is connected with the bottom of the material groove and used for adjusting the inclination angle of the bottom of the material groove;
and/or a separation plate is arranged between any two adjacent separation channels, the material screening equipment further comprises a second driving mechanism, and the second driving mechanism is connected with at least one separation plate and is used for driving one end, close to the discharge hole, of the separation plate to swing up and down;
and/or, be in the below install the relief wheel in the separation passageway, material screening equipment still includes third actuating mechanism, third actuating mechanism's output shaft with the relief wheel transmission is connected, is used for the drive the relief wheel rotates.
Preferably, as an embodiment, the material screening apparatus further comprises a controller.
The controller is electrically connected with the first driving mechanism and used for controlling the first driving mechanism to act; and/or the controller is electrically connected with the second driving mechanism and is used for controlling the second driving mechanism to act; the controller is electrically connected with the third driving mechanism and used for controlling the third driving mechanism to act and adjusting the rotating speed of an output shaft of the third driving mechanism.
The invention also provides a material screening method, which is applied to the material screening equipment, and the material screening method comprises the following steps:
starting a vibration mechanism to vibrate the material tank; starting the air supply mechanism to enable air with the wind speed changing along a preset waveform to flow into the material tank from the vent holes at the bottom of the tank;
feeding the mixed material to be sorted into a material groove from a feeding hole, and gradually layering the material to be sorted from top to bottom according to the density from small to large in the process of moving the material to be sorted to a discharging hole under the coupling action of wind with the wind speed changing along a preset waveform and the vibration action of a vibration mechanism;
and (4) layering the materials when the materials reach the discharge port, and respectively entering corresponding sorting channels according to the density to finish sorting.
Preferably, as an embodiment, before the step of activating the vibration mechanism and the air supply mechanism, the material sieving method further includes: and starting the first driving mechanism to drive the tank bottom of the material tank to swing by utilizing the first driving mechanism until the tank bottom of the material tank reaches a preset inclination angle.
Preferably, as an implementation manner, the step of activating the air supply mechanism specifically includes: and starting the fan, and simultaneously adjusting the opening of the air volume adjusting valve in real time by the controller so as to change the air speed of the air entering the material tank along a preset waveform.
Preferably, as an embodiment, the material sieving method further includes:
when the thickness of the material layer above the bottommost material layer changes, driving one end, close to the discharge port, of the partition plate above the sorting channel corresponding to the corresponding material layer to swing by using a second driving mechanism until the top of the sorting channel is flush with the top of the corresponding material layer;
and/or when the thickness of the material layer at the bottommost layer is changed, the rotating speed of the output shaft of the third driving mechanism is adjusted by the controller so as to change the rotating speed of the discharging wheel.
The material screening equipment and the material screening method provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that:
the vibrating mechanism is relatively fixed with the material groove, and the material groove is elastically connected with the base, so that the vibrating mechanism can drive the material groove to vibrate relative to the base when vibrating; the bottom of the material groove is provided with a vent hole, and the air supply mechanism supplies air with the wind speed changing along a preset waveform into the material groove from the vent hole at the bottom of the material groove. The material tank comprises a material tank, a material inlet, a material outlet, a material inlet channel, a material separating channel and a material separating channel, wherein the material tank is provided with two opposite ends respectively, the tank bottom of the material tank is downwards inclined from the material inlet to the material outlet, and the material separating channel is provided with at least two separating channels, wherein the number of the separating channels is determined by the type of the materials to be separated, for example, when the materials with two different densities need to be screened, the two separating channels can be arranged, so that the materials with two different densities can enter the two separating channels respectively.
When the materials are screened, the vibration mechanism and the air supply mechanism are started, so that the vibration mechanism is utilized to drive the material groove to vibrate, and the air supply mechanism is utilized to supply air with the air speed changing along a preset waveform into the material groove from the vent hole at the bottom of the material groove; the mixed materials to be sorted are fed into the material groove from the feeding port of the material groove, and the materials can move under the action of the vibration mechanism and become loose after entering the material groove, so that on one hand, the pressure of other materials on each particle of materials can be reduced; on the other hand, gaps for air flow to pass through are formed among the materials, the wind resistance of the materials at the bottom to the air flow is reduced, and the wind pressure of each material is close to equal as much as possible, so that the materials with lower density float upwards and the materials with higher density sink downwards under the coupling action of vibration and air flow, and the materials are layered gradually from small to large according to the density from top to bottom, namely, the density is smaller, the density is higher, and the density is lower.
In addition, because of the tank bottom of material by the feed inlet court the discharge gate downward sloping sets up, so the material can be under the effect of self gravity down towards the discharge gate removal, that is to say, the material moves down while, the layering, the material that reachs discharge gate department is the material of accomplishing layering promptly, the material that reachs discharge gate department can form a plurality of layers of material layer promptly, the density of the material in the material layer of the top is minimum, and the density of material can rise by the successive layer, the density of the material in the material layer of below is the biggest, so, different material layers can get into corresponding sorting channel respectively according to material density size for the material of different densities gets into different sorting channel, so, the sorting to the material has just been accomplished.
In conclusion, the material screening equipment and the material screening method provided by the invention can be used for layering and separating materials according to density.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a material screening apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 2 is a material distribution diagram in a material trough in a material screening apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the lower the packing density, the lower the material density is.
Icon:
100-a base;
200-material groove; 210-a feed inlet; 220-discharge hole; 230-groove bottom;
300-an air supply mechanism;
400-an air chamber;
500-a separator plate; 510-a second drive mechanism;
600-a discharge wheel;
700-a spring;
800-dust excluding hood;
900-materials.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the material sieving apparatus provided in this embodiment mainly includes a base 100, a material tank 200, a vibration mechanism and an air supply mechanism 300, wherein the vibration mechanism is relatively fixed to the material tank 200, and the material tank 200 is elastically connected to the base 100, so that the vibration mechanism can drive the material tank 200 to vibrate relative to the base 100 when vibrating; the material tank 200 has a vent hole at the tank bottom 230, and the air supply mechanism 300 supplies air with a wind speed varying along a predetermined waveform into the material tank 200 from the vent hole at the tank bottom 230 of the material tank 200. The two opposite ends of the material groove 200 are respectively provided with a feed inlet 210 and a discharge outlet 220, the bottom 230 of the material groove 200 is inclined downwards from the feed inlet 210 to the discharge outlet 220, and at least two sorting channels are arranged at the discharge outlet 220, wherein the number of the sorting channels is determined by the types of the materials 900 to be separated, for example, when the materials 900 with two different densities need to be screened, two sorting channels can be arranged, so that the materials 900 with two different densities respectively enter the two sorting channels.
When the material 900 is screened, the vibration mechanism and the air supply mechanism 300 are simultaneously started, so that the vibration mechanism is utilized to drive the material groove 200 to vibrate, and the air supply mechanism 300 is utilized to supply air with the air speed changing along the preset waveform into the material groove 200 through the vent hole at the groove bottom 230; the mixed material 900 to be sorted is filled into the material groove 200 from the feeding hole 210 of the material groove 200, and the material 900 moves under the action of the vibration mechanism and becomes loose after entering the material groove 200, so that on one hand, the pressure of other materials 900 on each particle of the material 900 can be reduced; on the other hand, a gap for the air flow to pass through is formed between the materials 900, so that the wind resistance of the materials 900 at the bottom to the air flow is reduced, and the wind pressure at each material 900 is nearly equal as much as possible, so that the material 900 with lower density floats upwards and the material 900 with higher density sinks downwards under the coupling action of vibration and air flow, and thus the materials 900 are layered from top to bottom according to the density from small to large, i.e., the density is smaller, the density is higher, and the density is lower (see fig. 2).
In addition, because the bottom 230 of the material 900 is inclined downward from the feeding port 210 to the discharging port 220, the material 900 moves downward toward the discharging port 220 under the action of its own gravity, that is, the material 900 moves downward while being layered, the material 900 reaching the discharging port 220 is the layered material 900, that is, the material 900 reaching the discharging port 220 forms a plurality of material layers, the density of the material 900 in the uppermost material layer is the minimum, the density of the material 900 is increased layer by layer, and the density of the material 900 in the lowermost material layer is the maximum, so different material layers respectively enter the corresponding sorting channels according to the density of the material 900, so that the materials 900 with different densities enter different sorting channels, and thus, the sorting of the materials 900 is completed.
In conclusion, the material screening device provided by the embodiment can layer and separate the material 900 according to the density.
Specifically, the inclination angle of the groove bottom 230 of the material groove 200 can be set to be 5-22 °, so that the moving material 900 can move towards the discharge hole 220 under the action of self gravity, and a good screening effect can be guaranteed.
The included angle range between the vibration direction of the vibration mechanism facing the discharge port 220 and the material motion surface of the tank bottom 230 of the material tank 200 is set to be 45-75 degrees, namely, when the vibration mechanism vibrates upwards, the vibration direction of the vibration mechanism inclines towards the flow direction of the material 900, so that under the vibration action of the vibration mechanism, the material 900 moves upwards and simultaneously receives the external driving force facing the discharge port 220, namely, the material 900 not only moves downwards by means of the gravity of the material 900, but also moves downwards by means of the external driving force from the vibration mechanism, therefore, the material 900 can move towards the discharge port 220 more smoothly, and the screening efficiency is improved.
Specifically, the wind speed variation curve of the preset waveform wind can be set to be a quasi-sinusoidal curve, and the wind speed varies according to the quasi-sinusoidal curve, so that a better sorting effect can be obtained.
An air chamber 400, a fan, an air volume adjusting valve and a controller can be arranged in the specific structure of the air supply mechanism 300, and the top of the air chamber 400 is connected with the bottom 230 of the material tank 200, so that the air chamber 400 can be communicated with the material tank 200 through a vent hole, an air inlet is formed in the bottom of the air chamber 400, the air inlet is communicated with an air outlet of the fan, and the air volume adjusting valve is arranged at the air inlet of the air chamber 400, so that air blown out by the fan can enter the material tank 200 after passing through the air volume adjusting valve, the air chamber 400 and the vent hole; the controller is electrically connected with the air volume adjusting valve, and the opening of the air volume adjusting valve is adjusted by the controller, so that the air volume entering the air chamber 400 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the air volume adjusting valve on the premise that the rotating speed of the fan is not changed, and further, the air speed of the air entering the material tank 200 can be changed along a preset waveform.
The first driving mechanism can be additionally arranged in the material screening device provided by the embodiment and is connected with the tank bottom 230 of the material tank 200, so that the first driving mechanism is utilized to drive the tank bottom 230 of the material tank 200 to swing, and therefore, the inclination angle of the tank bottom 230 of the material tank 200 can be adjusted to adapt to different mixed materials 900, and the application range is convenient to expand.
Further, a partition plate 500 may be provided between any adjacent two sorting channels to partition the adjacent two sorting channels by the partition plate 500; on this basis, add second actuating mechanism 510, connect second actuating mechanism 510 with at least one division board 500 to utilize second actuating mechanism 510 to drive the one end that is close to discharge gate 220 of division board 500 and swing from top to bottom, like this, the height of the top surface of the sorting passageway of alright below the division board 500 to the thickness of the material layer that the adaptation should sort the passageway corresponds, for example: when the material layer corresponding to the sorting channel below the separation plate 500 becomes thicker, the second driving mechanism 510 is used for driving one end of the separation plate 500 close to the discharge port 220 to swing upwards; when the material layer corresponding to the sorting channel below the separation plate 500 becomes thin, the second driving mechanism 510 is used to drive one end of the separation plate 500 close to the discharge port 220 to swing downwards.
Specifically, install the relief wheel 600 in the sorting channel that is in the bottommost, correspondingly, add the third actuating mechanism to be connected the output shaft of third actuating mechanism with the transmission of relief wheel 600, like this, the third actuating mechanism just can drive the rotation of relief wheel 600, so that the material layer that is in the bottommost density the biggest can be discharged under the effect of relief wheel 600.
The material screening equipment provided by the embodiment can be additionally provided with a controller.
As an implementation manner, the controller may be electrically connected to the first driving mechanism, so as to control the first driving mechanism to operate by using the controller.
As an implementation manner, a controller may be electrically connected to the second driving mechanism 510 to control the second driving mechanism 510 to operate.
As an implementation manner, the controller may be electrically connected to the third driving mechanism to control the third driving mechanism to operate, and at the same time, the controller may further adjust the rotation speed of the output shaft of the third driving mechanism, so that the rotation speed of the discharge wheel 600 may be adjusted according to the amount of the material 900 in the bottommost material layer, and when the amount of the material 900 in the bottommost material layer increases, the rotation speed of the discharge wheel 600 may be increased to increase the discharge speed; as the material 900 of the bottommost material layer decreases, the rotation speed of the discharge wheel 600 may be slowed down, so that the top surface of the bottommost material layer may be maintained at a predetermined height, i.e., without adjusting the height of the bottommost sorting channel.
Preferably, set up the vibration mechanism into vibration mechanism that vibration amplitude and vibration frequency all can be adjusted, so, can adjust vibration amplitude and vibration frequency of vibration mechanism according to the density and the granularity of material 900 to, material 900 can move under the vibration effect of vibration mechanism, and make material 900 can move towards discharge gate 220 with suitable speed, so, can sieve the material 900 of different granularities and density, and the adaptability is stronger.
It should be noted that the larger the particle size and the higher the density of the material 900, the larger the vibration amplitude of the vibration mechanism, and the smaller the vibration frequency.
Can set up the fan into the speed governing fan, so, can adjust the rotational speed of fan according to the density and the granularity of material 900 to, can make the air current that is used in on material 900 maintain suitable atmospheric pressure, so that material 900 can receive more moderate last buoyancy, so, can sieve the material 900 of different granularities and density, adaptability is stronger.
It should be noted that the larger the particle size and the higher the density of the material 900, the higher the rotation speed of the fan.
When the material 900 is raw coal with the granularity of 25-6mm, the vibration mechanism and the fan can be adjusted to ensure that the vibration amplitude of the material tank 200 is 4-8mm, the vibration frequency is 3-9Hz, and the apparent gas velocity is 2-3.5 m/s.
A vibration exciter or a vibration motor can be selected as the vibration mechanism.
Can be connected base 100 and material groove 200 through spring 700 to with the vertical setting of spring 700, so, spring 700 not only can play the effect of elastic support to material groove 200, makes material groove 200 can vibrate relative to base 100, but also can restrain material groove 200 because the rocking that produces of vibration direction at horizontal ascending component, thereby, can guarantee the stability of material groove 200 vibration.
In addition, the top opening of material groove 200 sets up, and so, the wind energy that gets into in the material groove 200 can be discharged smoothly by the top of material groove 200, and the screening effect is better.
Further, a dust hood 800 may be covered at the top opening of the material tank 200 to reduce the pollution of dust to the surrounding environment.
Specifically, dust excluding hood 800 is fixedly arranged, and dust excluding hood 800 is flexibly connected with material tank 200, so that material tank 200 and dust excluding hood 800 do not interfere with each other in the vibration process of material tank 200.
The embodiment also provides a material screening method applied to the material screening equipment, and the material screening method comprises the following steps:
starting a vibration mechanism to vibrate the material tank 200; starting the air supply mechanism 300 to make the wind with the wind speed changing along the preset waveform flow into the material tank 200 through the vent holes on the tank bottom 230;
the mixed material 900 to be sorted is fed into the material tank 200 from the feeding hole 210, and under the coupling action of the wind with the wind speed changing along the preset waveform and the vibration action of the vibration mechanism, the material 900 to be sorted is gradually layered from top to bottom according to the density from small to large in the process of moving to the discharging hole 220;
when the material 900 reaches the discharge port 220, the material is layered and enters the corresponding sorting channels according to the density, and sorting is completed.
Before the step of activating the vibrating mechanism and the air supply mechanism 300, the material sieving method further comprises: and starting the first driving mechanism to drive the tank bottom 230 of the material tank 200 to swing by using the first driving mechanism until the tank bottom 230 of the material tank 200 reaches a preset inclination angle.
The step of starting the air supply mechanism 300 specifically includes: and starting the fan, and simultaneously adjusting the opening of the air volume adjusting valve in real time by the controller so as to change the air speed of the air entering the material tank 200 along a preset waveform.
The material screening method can also comprise the following steps:
when the thickness of the material layers above the bottommost material layer (i.e., the material layers except the bottommost layer) changes, the second driving mechanism 510 drives one end of the separation plate 500 above the separation channel corresponding to the corresponding material layer, which is close to the discharge port 220, to swing until the top of the separation channel is flush with the top of the corresponding material layer.
Specifically, when a certain material layer above the bottommost material layer becomes thin, the second driving mechanism 510 is used to drive one end, close to the discharge port 220, of the partition plate 500 above the sorting channel corresponding to the thinned material layer to swing downwards until the top of the sorting channel is flush with the top of the corresponding material layer; when a certain material layer above the bottommost material layer becomes thick, the second driving mechanism 510 drives one end of the separation plate 500 above the separation channel corresponding to the thickened material layer, which is close to the discharge port 220, to swing upwards until the top of the separation channel is flush with the top of the corresponding material layer.
The material screening method can also comprise the following steps:
when the thickness of the bottommost material layer changes, the rotating speed of the output shaft of the third driving mechanism is adjusted by the controller to change the rotating speed of the discharging wheel 600, so that the discharging speed of the lowermost sorting channel is changed, and the thickness of the bottommost material layer is restored to the preset thickness.
Specifically, when the material layer at the bottommost layer becomes thin, the controller is used for controlling the rotating speed of the output shaft of the third driving mechanism to be reduced so as to reduce the rotating speed of the discharging wheel 600; when the material layer at the bottommost layer becomes thick, the controller is used for controlling the rotating speed of the output shaft of the third driving mechanism to rise so as to improve the rotating speed of the discharging wheel 600.
In summary, the present invention discloses a material sieving apparatus and a material sieving method, which overcome many technical defects of the conventional material sieving apparatus and material sieving method. The material screening device and the material screening method provided by the embodiment can be used for layering and separating the material 900 according to the density.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A material screening device is characterized by comprising a base (100), a material groove (200), a vibration mechanism, an air supply mechanism (300) and a controller;
the vibration mechanism is relatively fixed with the material groove (200), the material groove (200) is connected with the base (100) through a spring (700), and the spring (700) is vertically arranged; the bottom (230) of the material tank (200) is provided with a vent hole, and the air supply mechanism (300) is used for supplying air with the wind speed changing along a preset waveform to the material tank (200) through the vent hole;
a feed inlet (210) and a discharge outlet (220) are respectively formed in two opposite ends of the material groove (200), the groove bottom (230) of the material groove (200) is arranged in a manner that the feed inlet (210) inclines downwards towards the discharge outlet (220), and at least two sorting channels are arranged at the discharge outlet (220);
a discharge wheel (600) is installed in the sorting channel at the lowest position, the material screening equipment further comprises a third driving mechanism, and an output shaft of the third driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the discharge wheel (600) and is used for driving the discharge wheel (600) to rotate; the controller is electrically connected with the third driving mechanism and used for controlling the third driving mechanism to act and adjusting the rotating speed of an output shaft of the third driving mechanism.
2. The material screening apparatus of claim 1, wherein the vibration direction of the vibration mechanism towards the discharge opening (220) is within a range of 45 ° to 75 ° from the material movement surface of the bottom (230) of the material chute (200).
3. The material screening apparatus of claim 1, wherein the wind speed profile of the preset waveform wind is sinusoidal-like.
4. The material screening apparatus of claim 1, wherein the air supply mechanism (300) comprises an air chamber (400), a blower, an air volume adjusting valve and a controller, wherein the top of the air chamber (400) is connected with the bottom (230) of the material tank (200);
the bottom of the air chamber (400) is provided with an air inlet which is communicated with an air outlet of the fan, and the air quantity regulating valve is arranged at the air inlet of the air chamber (400); the controller is electrically connected with the air volume adjusting valve and is used for adjusting the opening of the air volume adjusting valve so as to enable the air speed of the air entering the material groove (200) to change along a preset waveform.
5. A material screening apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a first drive mechanism connected to the floor (230) of the material chute (200) for adjusting the angle of inclination of the floor (230) of the material chute (200);
and/or, any two adjacent all have division board (500) between the separation passageway, material screening equipment still includes second actuating mechanism (510), second actuating mechanism (510) and at least one division board (500) are connected for the drive division board (500) be close to the one end luffing motion of discharge gate (220).
6. The material screening apparatus of claim 5, wherein said controller is electrically connected to said first drive mechanism for controlling the actuation of said first drive mechanism; and/or the controller is electrically connected with the second driving mechanism (510) and is used for controlling the second driving mechanism (510) to act.
7. A material screening method for use with a material screening apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the material screening method comprising:
starting a vibration mechanism to vibrate the material tank (200); starting the air supply mechanism (300) to enable air with the wind speed changing along a preset waveform to flow into the material tank (200) from the vent hole of the tank bottom (230); starting a third driving mechanism to enable the discharging wheel to rotate for discharging;
feeding the mixed material (900) to be sorted into the material tank (200) from the feeding hole (210), and gradually layering the mixed material (900) to be sorted from top to bottom according to the density from small to large in the process that the mixed material moves towards the discharging hole (220) under the coupling action of wind with the wind speed changing along a preset waveform and the vibration action of the vibration mechanism;
when the thickness of the material layer at the bottommost layer is changed, the rotating speed of an output shaft of the third driving mechanism is adjusted by the controller so as to change the rotating speed of the discharging wheel (600);
and (3) completing layering when the material (900) reaches the discharge hole (220), and respectively entering the corresponding sorting channels according to the density to complete sorting.
8. A material screening method according to claim 7, wherein prior to the step of activating the vibrating mechanism and the air supply mechanism (300), the material screening method further comprises: and starting the first driving mechanism to drive the tank bottom (230) of the material tank (200) to swing by using the first driving mechanism until the tank bottom (230) of the material tank (200) reaches a preset inclination angle.
9. A material screening method according to claim 7, wherein the step of activating the air supply mechanism (300) comprises in particular: and starting the fan, and simultaneously adjusting the opening of the air volume adjusting valve in real time by the controller so as to change the air speed of the air entering the material tank (200) along a preset waveform.
10. A material screening method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, further comprising:
when the thickness of the material layer above the bottommost material layer is changed, one end, close to the discharge hole (220), of the partition plate (500) above the sorting channel corresponding to the corresponding material layer is driven to swing by the second driving mechanism (510) until the top of the sorting channel is flush with the top of the corresponding material layer.
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