CN112087117B - A Ω-I Stator Transverse Flux Permanent Magnet Linear Motor - Google Patents
A Ω-I Stator Transverse Flux Permanent Magnet Linear Motor Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
- H02K41/031—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
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- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种Ω‑I型定子横向磁通永磁直线电机,涉及永磁电机领域,包含Ω型定子铁心、I型定子铁心、动子铁心、永磁体、非导磁材料的动子支架、电枢绕组;所述Ω型定子铁心和I型定子铁心,在动子运动方向上均匀地间隔错列放置,并共用同一个电枢绕组;所述动子铁心的两侧嵌入磁极方向相反的永磁体,并固定在非导磁材料动子支架上;相比较传统的永磁直线电机,该电机在同一个电枢绕组上整合了Ω型定子铁心和I型定子铁心,大大提高了电机的空间利用率;该电机电路和磁路相互独立且磁场呈三维分布,避免了传统永磁电机齿槽尺寸相互制约的矛盾,有效提高电机的功率密度和转矩密度。
The invention discloses an Ω‑I type stator transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor, relates to the field of permanent magnet motors, and comprises an Ω type stator core, an I type stator core, a mover core, a permanent magnet, and a mover made of a non-magnetic material. Bracket, armature winding; the Ω-type stator core and I-type stator core are evenly spaced and staggered in the moving direction of the mover, and share the same armature winding; both sides of the mover core are embedded in the direction of the magnetic pole The opposite permanent magnet is fixed on the non-magnetic material mover bracket; compared with the traditional permanent magnet linear motor, the motor integrates the Ω-type stator core and the I-type stator core on the same armature winding, which greatly improves the The space utilization rate of the motor; the motor circuit and the magnetic circuit are independent of each other and the magnetic field is distributed in three dimensions, which avoids the contradiction of the mutual restriction of the cogging size of the traditional permanent magnet motor, and effectively improves the power density and torque density of the motor.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及涉及永磁电机领域,尤其涉及一种Ω-I型定子横向磁通永磁直线电机。The invention relates to the field of permanent magnet motors, in particular to an Ω-I type stator transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor.
背景技术Background technique
随着传统化石燃料的急剧消耗,环境污染问题日益严峻,使得人们对能量转换和使用设备与机电系统的效率要求愈加苛刻,节能减排已经成为各个国家能源战略的重要议题。电机作为一种高效的机电能量转换装置,在国民经济中扮演着重要的角色。With the rapid consumption of traditional fossil fuels, the problem of environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious, which makes people's requirements for energy conversion and the efficiency of equipment and electromechanical systems more stringent. Energy conservation and emission reduction have become an important issue in the energy strategies of various countries. As a highly efficient electromechanical energy conversion device, the motor plays an important role in the national economy.
传统永磁电机的定子齿截面和电枢绕组槽截面位于同一平面,二者相互制约,导致增加电负荷与增加磁负荷相互矛盾且功率提升受限。电机的磁场经过定子齿形成环路,定子齿截面面积越大,则等效磁阻越小,磁滞损耗越低,从而提升电机的磁负荷。电机体积一定的前提下增大齿截面,则必须牺牲槽面积,槽面积减小将导致电枢绕组截面和匝数减小,使得电机的电负荷下降。The stator tooth section and the armature winding slot section of the traditional permanent magnet motor are located on the same plane, and the two restrict each other, resulting in the contradiction between increasing the electric load and increasing the magnetic load and limiting the power increase. The magnetic field of the motor forms a loop through the stator teeth. The larger the cross-sectional area of the stator teeth, the smaller the equivalent reluctance and the lower the hysteresis loss, thereby increasing the magnetic load of the motor. On the premise of a certain volume of the motor, if the tooth section is increased, the slot area must be sacrificed. The reduction of the slot area will lead to a reduction in the section and number of turns of the armature winding, which will reduce the electrical load of the motor.
然而,对于横向磁通永磁电机来说,电机的旋转方向则垂直于磁通所在平面,因此称作“横向磁通”。该电机定子铁心由硅钢片叠制且相邻定子铁心间隔一个极距,动子铁心上相邻永磁体极性相反,电枢绕组则嵌入定子铁心槽内。横向磁通永磁电机的最突出特点是其电枢绕组与主磁路在结构上完全解耦,巧妙避开了传统永磁电机内铁心和电枢截面相互制约这一重大缺陷,可以根据需要独立调整线圈截面积和磁路尺寸来确定电机的电、磁负荷,获得更高的转矩密度和功率密度。However, with a transverse flux permanent magnet motor, the direction of rotation of the motor is perpendicular to the plane of the flux, hence the term "transverse flux". The motor stator core is made of silicon steel sheets and adjacent stator cores are separated by a pole pitch. Adjacent permanent magnets on the mover core have opposite polarities, and the armature winding is embedded in the slot of the stator core. The most prominent feature of the transverse flux permanent magnet motor is that its armature winding and the main magnetic circuit are completely decoupled in structure, which cleverly avoids the major defect of the traditional permanent magnet motor's inner iron core and armature cross-section being restricted by each other. Independently adjust the cross-sectional area of the coil and the size of the magnetic circuit to determine the electric and magnetic loads of the motor to obtain higher torque density and power density.
相比于传统永磁直线电机的电流方向同运动方向垂直,主磁路中的闭合磁力线所在平面与电机运动平面平行,Ω-I型横向磁通永磁直线电机的电流方向与运动方向平行,主磁路的磁力线所在的平面垂直于电机运动平面。Ω-I型横向磁通永磁电机的结构复杂,内部磁场呈复杂的三维分布,与绕组处于不同的平面,可以同时兼顾绕组与定子齿的横截面积,实现电路与磁路上的解耦,从而提高电机的功率密度和转矩密度。Ω-I型定子结构便于参数调整,有利于设计多相容错电机,新结构电机在高转矩密度直驱系统场合具有广阔的应用前景。Compared with the current direction of the traditional permanent magnet linear motor, which is perpendicular to the direction of motion, the plane of the closed magnetic force line in the main magnetic circuit is parallel to the motor motion plane, and the current direction of the Ω-I type transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor is parallel to the direction of motion. The plane where the lines of force of the main magnetic circuit are located is perpendicular to the plane of motion of the motor. The Ω-I type transverse flux permanent magnet motor has a complex structure, and the internal magnetic field has a complex three-dimensional distribution, which is in a different plane from the winding. It can take into account the cross-sectional area of the winding and stator teeth at the same time, and realize the decoupling of the circuit and the magnetic circuit. Thereby improving the power density and torque density of the motor. The Ω-I stator structure is convenient for parameter adjustment and is beneficial to the design of multi-phase fault-tolerant motors. The new structure motor has broad application prospects in high torque density direct drive systems.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对背景技术中电机结构复杂的问题提供一种Ω-I型定子横向磁通永磁直线电机。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an Ω-I type stator transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor for the problem of complex motor structure in the background technology.
本发明为解决上述技术问题采用以下技术方案:The present invention adopts the following technical solutions for solving the problems of the technologies described above:
一种Ω-I型定子横向磁通永磁直线电机,包含Ω型定子铁心、I型定子铁心、动子铁心、永磁体、电枢绕组、非导磁材料动子支架;An Ω-I type stator transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor, comprising an Ω type stator core, an I type stator core, a mover core, a permanent magnet, an armature winding, and a mover support made of non-magnetic material;
所述动子铁心和永磁体焊接在非导磁材料动子支架上,同一Ω型定子铁心和I型定子铁心两侧齿部分别对应两个动子铁心,同一侧相邻的动子铁心3中嵌入永磁体,并保证动子铁心两侧永磁体的磁极相异,同一Ω型定子铁心和I型定子铁心两侧对应的永磁体的磁极也相异;The mover core and the permanent magnet are welded on the mover support made of non-magnetic material. The teeth on both sides of the same Ω-shaped stator core and the I-type stator core correspond to two mover cores respectively. The mover cores adjacent to the same side are 3 Embed permanent magnets in the middle, and ensure that the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets on both sides of the mover core are different, and the magnetic poles of the corresponding permanent magnets on both sides of the same Ω-type stator core and I-type stator core are also different;
当直线电机进行三相运行时,需将三个相同的单相结构并行放置,每个单相结构的定子与动子之间相互错开120度电角度。When the linear motor operates in three phases, three identical single-phase structures need to be placed in parallel, and the stator and mover of each single-phase structure are staggered by 120 degrees in electrical angle.
作为本发明一种Ω-I型定子横向磁通永磁直线电机的进一步优选方案,所述Ω型定子铁心和I型定子铁心由硅钢片叠制,在动子运动的前后方向间隔错列放置,并共用同一个电枢绕组;As a further optimal solution of the Ω-I type stator transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor of the present invention, the Ω type stator core and the I type stator core are stacked by silicon steel sheets, and are placed in a staggered manner in the front and rear directions of the mover movement , and share the same armature winding;
作为本发明一种Ω-I型定子横向磁通永磁直线电机的进一步优选方案,所述动子铁心的两侧嵌入磁极方向相反的永磁体,并固定在非导磁材料的动子支架上;As a further preferred solution of an Ω-I stator transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor of the present invention, permanent magnets with opposite magnetic pole directions are embedded on both sides of the mover core, and are fixed on the mover bracket of non-magnetic material ;
作为本发明一种Ω-I型定子横向磁通永磁直线电机的进一步优选方案,所述永磁体的材料采用的是汝铁硼;As a further preferred scheme of a kind of Ω-I type stator transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor of the present invention, what the material of described permanent magnet adopts is RuFeB;
作为本发明一种Ω-I型定子横向磁通永磁直线电机的进一步优选方案,所述非导磁材料动子支架采用钢材制作;As a further preferred solution of an Ω-I type stator transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor of the present invention, the non-magnetic material mover support is made of steel;
作为本发明一种Ω-I型定子横向磁通永磁直线电机的进一步优选方案,所述每对Ω-I型定子铁心间隔一个极距;As a further preferred solution of an Ω-I type stator transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor of the present invention, each pair of Ω-I type stator cores is separated by a pole pitch;
作为本发明一种Ω-I型定子横向磁通永磁直线电机的进一步优选方案,所述电枢绕组上整合多对Ω-I型定子铁心,以提高电机空间利用率和功率。As a further preferred solution of the Ω-I stator transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor of the present invention, multiple pairs of Ω-I stator cores are integrated on the armature winding to improve the space utilization and power of the motor.
本发明采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比,具有以下技术效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical scheme and has the following technical effects:
1、Ω-I型电机动子铁心和永磁体交替放置的聚磁结构增强磁通密度,电枢绕组避免电机固有的端部效应;1. The Ω-I motor mover core and permanent magnets are alternately placed to enhance the magnetic flux density, and the armature winding avoids the inherent end effect of the motor;
2、Ω-I型电机单独调整绕组截面积和磁路尺寸提高电机转矩密度的同时各绕组相间解耦,易于构建多相电机;2. The winding cross-sectional area and magnetic circuit size of the Ω-I motor are individually adjusted to increase the torque density of the motor while decoupling the phases of each winding, making it easy to build a multi-phase motor;
3、电机的定/动子铁心由易于获取且低廉的硅钢片叠制,磁损耗较低且经济效益较高。3. The stator/mover iron core of the motor is laminated with easy-to-obtain and cheap silicon steel sheets, which has low magnetic loss and high economic benefits.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的整体结构图;Fig. 1 is an overall structural diagram of the present invention;
图2是本发明的一对极磁通原理图;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pair of pole magnetic fluxes of the present invention;
图3是本发明的等效磁路图;Fig. 3 is an equivalent magnetic circuit diagram of the present invention;
图4是本发明的子结构图。Fig. 4 is a substructure diagram of the present invention.
附图说明:1、Ω型定子铁心;2、I型定子铁心;3、动子铁心;4、永磁体;5、电枢绕组;6、非导磁材料动子支架。Description of drawings: 1. Ω-type stator core; 2. I-type stator core; 3. Mover core; 4. Permanent magnet; 5. Armature winding; 6. Mover support made of non-magnetic material.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1至图4所示,一种Ω-I型定子横向磁通永磁直线电机,包含Ω型定子铁心、I型定子铁心、动子铁心、永磁体、电枢绕组、非导磁材料动子支架;As shown in Figures 1 to 4, an Ω-I type stator transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor includes an Ω type stator core, an I type stator core, a mover core, a permanent magnet, an armature winding, and a non-magnetic material Mover bracket;
所述动子铁心和永磁体焊接在非导磁材料动子支架上,同一Ω型定子铁心和I型定子铁心两侧齿部分别对应两个动子铁心,同一侧相邻的动子铁心3中嵌入永磁体,并保证动子铁心两侧永磁体的磁极相异,同一Ω型定子铁心和I型定子铁心两侧对应的永磁体的磁极也相异。The mover core and the permanent magnet are welded on the mover support made of non-magnetic material. The teeth on both sides of the same Ω-shaped stator core and the I-type stator core correspond to two mover cores respectively. The mover cores adjacent to the same side are 3 Embed permanent magnets in the middle, and ensure that the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets on both sides of the mover core are different, and the magnetic poles of the corresponding permanent magnets on both sides of the same Ω-shaped stator core and I-shaped stator core are also different.
图1所示Ω-I型定子横向磁通永磁直线电机的单相结构,三个相同的单相结构即可构成三相电机,同时考虑到该电机电枢绕组的特殊性,电机进行三相运行时,需将三个相同的单相结构并行放置,每个单相结构的定子与动子之间相互错开120度电角度;Figure 1 shows the single-phase structure of the Ω-I stator transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor. Three identical single-phase structures can constitute a three-phase motor. At the same time, considering the particularity of the armature winding of the motor, the motor is three-phase In phase operation, three identical single-phase structures need to be placed in parallel, and the stator and mover of each single-phase structure are staggered by 120 degrees electrical angle;
Ω-I型定子横向磁通永磁直线电机一对极磁路如图2所示:磁通依次经过永磁体→动子铁心→气隙→Ω型定子铁心→气隙→永磁体→动子铁心→气隙→I型定子铁心→气隙→动子铁心→永磁体,形成一条闭合的磁路。其等效磁路如图3所示,图中符号定义如下:E-永磁体磁势,Rm-永磁的磁阻,Rs-一对Ω-I定子铁心磁阻,Rr-动子铁心磁阻,Rg-气隙磁阻,Φ-主磁通。The magnetic circuit of a pair of poles of Ω-I stator transverse flux permanent magnet linear motor is shown in Figure 2: the magnetic flux passes through the permanent magnet → mover core → air gap → Ω-type stator core → air gap → permanent magnet → mover Iron core → air gap → I-type stator core → air gap → mover iron core → permanent magnet, forming a closed magnetic circuit. Its equivalent magnetic circuit is shown in Figure 3, and the symbols in the figure are defined as follows: E-permanent magnet magnetic potential, Rm-permanent magnetic reluctance, Rs-a pair of Ω-I stator core reluctance, Rr-mover core magnetism Resistance, Rg-air gap reluctance, Φ-main flux.
所述Ω型定子铁心和I型定子铁心由硅钢片叠制,在动子运动的前后方向间隔错列放置,并共用同一个电枢绕组;The Ω-shaped stator core and the I-shaped stator core are made of silicon steel sheets, placed in staggered rows in the front and rear directions of the mover movement, and share the same armature winding;
所述动子铁心的两侧嵌入磁极方向相反的永磁体,并固定在非导磁材料的动子支架上;Permanent magnets with opposite magnetic pole directions are embedded on both sides of the mover core, and fixed on the mover bracket of non-magnetic material;
动子铁心和永磁体交替放置构成聚磁结构动子,定子铁心匝链的磁通随动子的运动产生周期性变化,从而在绕组中产生电动势;The mover core and permanent magnets are alternately placed to form a mover with a magnetic accumulation structure, and the magnetic flux of the stator core turn chain changes periodically with the movement of the mover, thereby generating an electromotive force in the winding;
所述永磁体的材料采用的是汝铁硼;What the material of described permanent magnet adopts is ferrite boron;
所述非导磁材料动子支架采用钢材制作;The mover support made of non-magnetic material is made of steel;
所述每对Ω-I型定子铁心间隔一个极距。Each pair of Ω-I stator cores is separated by a pole pitch.
所述电枢绕组上整合多对Ω-I型定子铁心,以提高电机空间利用率和功率。Multiple pairs of Ω-I stator cores are integrated on the armature winding to improve space utilization and power of the motor.
最后应说明的几点是:首先,在本申请的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,可以是机械连接或电连接,也可以是两个元件内部的连通,可以是直接相连,“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系,当被描述对象的绝对位置改变,则相对位置关系可能发生改变;The last few points should be explained: First, in the description of this application, it should be explained that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, which can be mechanical connection Or electrical connection, it can also be the internal communication of two components, it can be directly connected, "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship, when the absolute position of the object being described Change, the relative positional relationship may change;
其次:本发明公开实施例附图中,只涉及到与本公开实施例涉及到的结构,其他结构可参考通常设计,在不冲突情况下,本发明同一实施例及不同实施例可以相互组合;Secondly: in the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments are involved, other structures can refer to the usual design, and the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other if there is no conflict;
最后:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Finally: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the present invention within the scope of protection.
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