CN112087020A - Charger and charging method thereof - Google Patents
Charger and charging method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112087020A CN112087020A CN202010796265.2A CN202010796265A CN112087020A CN 112087020 A CN112087020 A CN 112087020A CN 202010796265 A CN202010796265 A CN 202010796265A CN 112087020 A CN112087020 A CN 112087020A
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- charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a charger, which comprises a charging circuit, a controller, a voltage detection circuit and a timing circuit, wherein the charging circuit and the voltage detection circuit are electrically connected with the controller, the controller controls the charging circuit through the timing circuit according to a detection signal of the voltage detection circuit, and the charger is characterized in that the controller dynamically adjusts a timing value of the timing circuit according to the charging times of the charging circuit. The invention also provides a battery charging method. The charging method and the charging device can effectively prevent thermal runaway in the battery charging process and avoid resource waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of storage batteries.
Background
In the process of charging the lead-acid storage battery at present, two-stage electricity buffering, namely a quick charging stage and a buffering stage, are used for achieving a charging effect. Three-stage charging is also used, namely an initial fast charging stage, a middle slow charging stage and a later floating charging stage. Such as an initial constant-current or constant-voltage rapid charging stage, a middle constant-voltage slow charging stage, and a later constant-voltage or constant-current floating charging stage. A low voltage and a large current are used initially to shorten the charging time; after the voltage of the battery rises to a certain value, high-voltage small current is used instead to prevent the battery from being overcharged; the battery is changed to a relatively low voltage to a float level after being substantially fully charged to reduce damage to the battery. In the process of the slow charging stage, the battery can generate a large amount of gas, so that the water loss is increased, the charging side reaction is intensified, the heat release of the battery is increased, and the thermal runaway phenomenon of the battery is easy to occur. In order to avoid the thermal runaway slow charging stage, the charging time can be controlled through buffering, because the time is a fixed value, along with the increase of the charging and discharging times, and because the charging environment and other various conditions change, if the time is set to be longer, on one hand, the risk of thermal runaway exists, and on the other hand, the invalid charging time is increased, and the resources are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a charger, including a charging circuit, a controller, a voltage detection circuit, and a timing circuit, wherein the charging circuit and the voltage detection circuit are electrically connected to the controller, and the controller controls the charging circuit through the timing circuit according to a detection signal of the voltage detection circuit, and is characterized in that the controller dynamically adjusts a timing value of the timing circuit according to a charging frequency of the charging circuit.
Further, the timing value of the timing circuit is inversely proportional to the number of times the charging circuit is charged.
The invention also provides a battery charging method, which comprises the following steps: step 1: quick charging; step 2: slowly charging in a limited time; wherein the time-limited charging time in step 2 is reduced as the number of charging times increases.
Further, charging is carried out for 1-3 hours in the middle limit of the step 2.
Further, the charging method further comprises a step 3, wherein the step 3 is floating charging.
Further, the step 1 of fast charging includes charging until the cell voltage reaches a predetermined value; the slow charging in the step 2 includes constant voltage time-limited charging, and when the battery voltage reaches the constant charging voltage, timing is started.
Further, in the step 1, the predetermined cell voltage value is between 2.3V and 2.4V.
Further, in the step 1, the charging is performed with a constant current, and the charging current is between 0.15C and 1.0C.
Further, in the step 2, the charging voltage is between 2.40V and 2.55V.
Further, in the step 3, the floating charge is constant current or constant voltage charge.
The charging method and the charging device can effectively prevent thermal runaway in the charging process of the battery and save energy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block circuit diagram of the charger of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
The invention provides a charger of a lead-acid storage battery 6, which comprises a switch circuit 1, a charging circuit 2, a voltage detection circuit 3, a timing circuit 4 and a controller 5. The switching circuit 1 is used for completing alternating current-direct current conversion of commercial power, providing working power supplies of other circuit modules in the charger and providing charging current or charging voltage; the charging circuit 2 is used for receiving a charging current or charging voltage signal provided by the switch circuit 1 and providing the charging current or charging voltage signal to the storage battery 6; the voltage and current detection circuit 3 realizes battery voltage detection and sends a detection result to the controller 5; the controller 5 activates the timing circuit 4 and controls the charging circuit 2 to enter a corresponding time-limited charging mode when the result detected by the voltage and current detection circuit 3 meets the condition. The controller 5 also dynamically adjusts the timing value of the timer circuit 4 according to the number of times the charging circuit 2 is charged.
When the battery starts to charge, the commercial power is converted into a controllable charging voltage or charging current signal through AC-DC (alternating current-direct current), the controller controls the charging circuit to enter a first phase, namely a rapid charging phase, for example, constant current charging with a larger current I1, the current I1 is preferably between 0.15C and 1.0C, and also can be constant voltage or constant power rapid charging. The controller opens the voltage detection circuit to detect the battery voltage, if the detected voltage value reaches the battery cell voltage and preferably reaches 2.3V-2.4V, the controller controls the switch circuit and the charging circuit to enter the second stage according to the input signal of the voltage detection circuit, the charging circuit is charged with a small current such as 0.1C, when the voltage reaches the constant voltage at the stage, the timing circuit is activated and the charging circuit is controlled to carry out time-limited constant voltage charging, the charged constant unit cell voltage is preferably between 2.40V and 2.55V, when the time preset by the timing circuit is reached, the controller controls the charging circuit to enter a third stage, i.e., the float charging stage, is preferably charged with a constant current at a current between 0.005C and 0.05C or with a constant voltage at a cell voltage between 2.28V and 2.35V for a period of time until the entire charging process is completed. The time preset by the timing circuit is the time for the controller to dynamically adjust the timing value of the timing circuit according to the charging times of the charging circuit.
The charging method of the lead-acid storage battery comprises the following steps: step 1, in the initial quick charging stage, such as heavy current constant current charging, the charging current is 0.15-1.0C, and the voltage is limited to 2.3-2.40V/cell. The charge state of the battery at this stage is low, the charge acceptance is strong, the charging voltage basically does not generate hydrogen evolution, the charging is generally completed at the negative electrode to about 90 percent of the charge state, the charging time can be shortened by setting a larger current for charging, and the activation and recovery effects on the capacity of the storage battery are realized, and the experiment proves that the storage battery begins to evolve gas when the voltage is charged to 2.3V/cell; when the voltage is charged to 2.3V-2.50V, the gassing rate starts to increase significantly. And 2, in the intermediate slow charging stage, if constant-voltage time-limited charging is carried out, the negative electrode charging is basically finished through the step 1, and the intermediate slow charging stage mainly plays a role of completely charging the positive electrode. At the moment, the battery has poor charging acceptance, and a large amount of gas can be generated by setting too large current or too high voltage, so that the water loss is increased, and the thermal runaway phenomenon of the battery is easy to occur. The parameter settings are therefore as follows: the voltage is limited to 2.40V/cell-2.55V/cell, the voltage can be charged with a small current such as 0.1C, timing is started when the voltage reaches the constant voltage of the stage, the time limit is preferably 1-3h, the risk of thermal runaway caused by the temperature rise of the battery can be avoided by time limit, the service life of the battery is ensured, and the energy waste is reduced. And step 3: and a later floating charge stage, such as a small current reinforcing stage. The basic process charge stage of the cell at this point is primarily responsible for balancing/reinforcing the individual cells and the individual cells. Parameters are as follows: the charging current is 0.005-0.05C, and is not limited. By charging with the constant current of low current without limiting the voltage, the vulcanization phenomenon of the storage battery caused by the lagging of a certain cell can be eliminated, so that each cell achieves the effect of equalizing charging, or the constant voltage charging with the voltage of the cell between 2.28V and 2.35V is adopted. If necessary, the step 3 is not arranged in the charging step, and the purpose of preventing thermal runaway is achieved. Where C is the two hour rate capacity of the battery.
The following tests are carried out in a three-stage charging mode by taking a common 6-DZF-20 storage battery as a test sample for the verification, and the influence of the charging and discharging times on thermal runaway is further proved by embodiments.
Example 1 number of charges 50
Step 1: charging at constant current of 0.2C until the voltage is 2.4V/cell;
step 2: the constant voltage is 2.46V/cell, and the charging time is 2 h; the temperature of the battery is 31 ℃;
and step 3: and charging for 3h at constant current of 0.02C.
Example 2 number of charges 100
Step 1: charging at constant current of 0.2C until the voltage is 2.4V/cell;
step 2: the constant voltage is 2.46V/cell, and the charging time is 2 h; the temperature of the battery is 35 ℃;
and step 3: and charging for 3h at constant current of 0.02C.
Example 3 number of charges 200
Step 1: charging at constant current of 0.2C until the voltage is 2.4V/cell;
step 2: the constant voltage is 2.46V/cell, and the charging time is 2 h; the temperature of the battery is 37 ℃;
and step 3: and charging for 3h at constant current of 0.02C.
Example 4 number of charges 300
Step 1: charging at constant current of 0.2C until the voltage is 2.4V/cell;
step 2: the constant voltage is 2.46V/cell, and the charging time is 2 h; the temperature of the battery is 41 ℃;
and step 3: and charging for 3h at constant current of 0.02C.
With the above embodiment, the temperature of the battery increases and the risk of thermal runaway increases as the number of charges increases for the same time period.
The following test is performed in a three-stage charging system with a common 6-DZF-20 battery as a test sample for the verification, and the examples further demonstrate the influence of different charging times on the battery discharging time under a certain charging frequency (10 times for example) of the present invention.
Example 1
Step 1: charging at constant current of 0.2C until the voltage is 2.4V/cell;
step 2: the constant voltage is 2.46V/cell, and the charging time is 0.5 h;
and step 3: and charging for 3h at constant current of 0.02C.
Discharging time: 124min
Example 2
Step 1: charging at constant current of 0.2C until the voltage is 2.4V/cell;
step 2: the constant voltage is 2.46V/cell, and the charging time is 1 h;
and step 3: and charging for 3h at constant current of 0.02C.
Discharging time: 126min
Example 3
Step 1: charging at constant current of 0.2C until the voltage is 2.4V/cell;
step 2: the constant voltage is 2.46V/cell, and the charging time is 1.5 h;
and step 3: and charging for 3h at constant current of 0.02C.
Discharging time: 128min
Example 4
Step 1: charging at constant current of 0.2C until the voltage is 2.4V/cell;
step 2: the constant voltage is 2.46V/cell, and the charging time is 2 h;
and step 3: and charging for 3h at constant current of 0.02C.
Discharging time: 130min
Example 5
Step 1: charging at constant current of 0.2C until the voltage is 2.4V/cell;
step 2: the constant voltage is 2.46V/cell, and the charging time is 2.5 h;
and step 3: and charging for 3h at constant current of 0.02C.
Discharging time: 131min
Example 6
Step 1: charging at constant current of 0.2C until the voltage is 2.4V/cell;
step 2: the constant voltage is 2.46V/cell, and the charging time is 3 h;
and step 3: and charging for 3h at constant current of 0.02C.
Discharging time: 132min
Example 7
Step 1: charging at constant current of 0.2C until the voltage is 2.4V/cell;
step 2: the constant voltage is 2.46V/cell, and the charging time is 3.5 h;
and step 3: and charging for 3h at constant current of 0.02C.
Discharging time: 132min
Example 8
Step 1: charging at constant current of 0.2C until the voltage is 2.4V/cell;
step 2: the constant voltage is 2.46V/cell, and the charging time is 4 h;
and step 3: and charging for 3h at constant current of 0.02C.
Discharging time: 133min
With the above 8 embodiments, in the case of the same number of times of charging and discharging, the increase in the charging time starts to slow down the increase in the charging capacity when the constant voltage period time point is entered, and the increase in the discharging time also gradually decreases. Even the overlong charging in the corresponding stage leads to the increase of the oxygen recombination reaction of the storage battery, the increased water loss of the battery and the influence on the service life of the battery.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A charger comprises a charging circuit, a controller and a voltage detection circuit, wherein the charging circuit and the voltage detection circuit are electrically connected with the controller, the charger also comprises a timing circuit, the controller controls the charging circuit through the timing circuit according to a detection signal of the voltage detection circuit, and the charger is characterized in that the controller dynamically adjusts a timing value of the timing circuit according to the charging times of the charging circuit.
2. A charger as claimed in claim 1, wherein the count value of said timing circuit is inversely proportional to the number of charges of said charging circuit.
3. A method of charging a battery comprising the steps of: step 1: quick charging; step 2: slowly charging in a limited time; wherein the time-limited charging time in step 2 is reduced as the number of charging times increases.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the charging in step 2 is performed for a time limited period of 1-3 hours.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the method further comprises a step 3, and the step 3 is a float charging.
6. The method according to claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein the rapid charging in step 1 comprises charging until the cell voltage reaches a predetermined value; the slow charging in the step 2 includes constant voltage time-limited charging, and when the battery voltage reaches the constant charging voltage, timing is started.
7. The method for charging a battery according to claim 6, wherein the predetermined cell voltage value is between 2.3V and 2.4V in step 1.
8. The method for charging a battery according to claim 7, wherein in step 1, the battery is charged by a constant current, and the charging current is between 0.15C and 1.0C.
9. The method for charging a battery according to claim 6, wherein in the step 2, the charging voltage is between 2.40V and 2.55V.
10. The method for charging a battery according to claim 6, wherein in the step 3, the float charging is constant-current or constant-voltage charging.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010796265.2A CN112087020A (en) | 2020-08-10 | 2020-08-10 | Charger and charging method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010796265.2A CN112087020A (en) | 2020-08-10 | 2020-08-10 | Charger and charging method thereof |
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| CN112087020A true CN112087020A (en) | 2020-12-15 |
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| CN202010796265.2A Pending CN112087020A (en) | 2020-08-10 | 2020-08-10 | Charger and charging method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113381491A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-09-10 | 超威电源集团有限公司 | Charger and charging method thereof |
| CN113381490A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-09-10 | 超威电源集团有限公司 | Charger and charging method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-08-10 CN CN202010796265.2A patent/CN112087020A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113381491A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-09-10 | 超威电源集团有限公司 | Charger and charging method thereof |
| CN113381490A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-09-10 | 超威电源集团有限公司 | Charger and charging method thereof |
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