CN112083615A - All-optical caching method for realizing orthogonal mode through four-wave mixing mode - Google Patents
All-optical caching method for realizing orthogonal mode through four-wave mixing mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN112083615A CN112083615A CN202010964443.8A CN202010964443A CN112083615A CN 112083615 A CN112083615 A CN 112083615A CN 202010964443 A CN202010964443 A CN 202010964443A CN 112083615 A CN112083615 A CN 112083615A
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
- G02F1/3536—Four-wave interaction
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
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- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
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Abstract
The invention provides an all-optical caching method for realizing an orthogonal mode in a four-wave mixing mode, which adopts a pumping to input a modulated optical signal into a copier; the first four-wave mixing module generates idler frequency light according to a frequency formula; the input switch determines the sequence length of all waveforms entering the buffer in the time domain; after entering the cache, pumping signals are injected into a recovery unit in the lower branch locking process, and simultaneously, signal waves and idler waves are guided to an upper branch and subjected to phase and polarization adjustment; inputting PSA to perform signal compensation after the upper branch and the lower branch are combined; when buffering is no longer needed, the output switch is activated and an optical signal is output, and the optical buffer is emptied or written by adjusting the relative phase and the pump power in the pump recovery branch by using the modulator. The invention adopts the copier type phase sensitive amplifier, can realize the amplification of lower noise, realizes the multi-wavelength cache time control, and simultaneously improves the stability and the transmission quality of a transmission system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical communication, and particularly relates to an all-optical caching method for realizing an orthogonal mode in a four-wave mixing mode.
Background
From the eighties of the last century to date, the technology of optical fiber transmission has developed rapidly, for example, the transmission capacity of single mode optical fiber has exceeded 10 Tbit/s. However, the optical-electrical conversion switching mode is still adopted on the optical network transmission node, and the switching mode is difficult to realize an ultra-high speed transmission network, and is easy to cause network congestion, thereby increasing the maintenance cost of the system network. Therefore, once the transmission capacity and transmission speed reach a certain degree, the photoelectric conversion mode is difficult to meet the requirements, and therefore the all-optical switching technology comes along.
An all-optical buffer based on an all-optical switching technology is a device capable of storing optical signals within a period of time, and can be used as a practical tool for applications such as optical buffering, optical packet switching, all-optical signal processing and the like. The device can provide a storage function of an optical domain, thereby avoiding unnecessary photoelectric conversion and electro-optical conversion. Currently, there are two main categories of all-optical caching techniques that have been proposed: a slow light type delayer and an optical fiber delay line type all-optical buffer. The slow-light type buffer simply uses the refractive index of the transmission medium to change the optical transmission speed, but the influence of the method on the optical transmission speed is limited. The key point of the delay line type all-optical buffer is the optimization of the system structure, and the buffer generally comprises an optical coupler, an optical fiber delay line, an optical switch, a dispersion compensator, an optical amplifier, a power equalizer and the like. The optical fiber delay line has the function of storing optical signals, the optical switch controls the time of the optical signals entering and exiting the extension line of the optical fiber, the optical caching time is in direct proportion to the number of times of circulation in the optical fiber, the caching technology has high utilization rate of the optical fiber and can control the size and cost of a system, but the optical signals are damaged by light when repeatedly passing through the optical switch, so that the quality of the cached optical signals is guaranteed by utilizing devices such as a dispersion compensator, an optical amplifier, a power equalizer and the like.
Therefore, a Phase Sensitive Amplifier (PSA) capable of achieving noise-free amplification becomes particularly critical. The PSA operates on the condition that the input of the phase-locked signal and idler are amplified in phase with the amplifier and attenuated in phase opposition, so that the amplified in-phase component has a Noise Figure (NF) of 0 dB. Theoretically, the additional noise in PSA amplification systems considered as optical links can only be generated by passive losses in fiber optic transmission systems, free space or optical waveguides, etc.
PSA can operate in frequency-degenerate and non-frequency-degenerate (FND) modes. However, degenerate PSAs are often difficult to achieve high gain and can only amplify one fixed pump structure optical wavelength channel, which severely hinders their use in scenarios requiring broadband amplification. Furthermore, this type of PSA only satisfies that the signal maintains a one-rate input, and thus the orthogonality of the information will be diminished. As used herein, a non-frequency degenerate PSA amplifier has the potential to achieve simultaneous noise-free amplification of multiple optical signals and is therefore compatible with wavelength division multiplexing techniques. A non-frequency degenerate PSA can easily achieve high gain. In particular, a non-degenerate amplifier supports dual information capacity relative to a degenerate amplifier and is not affected by guided acoustic brillouin scattering. However, it is very difficult to strictly lock the phase and wavelength of the signal/idler/pump at the PSA input. This drawback has hindered the basic use of FND-PSA over the past few years.
The potential of FND-PSA as a low noise amplifier was demonstrated in earlier studies on its transmission, however, the noise-free amplification of wideband and format modulation still cannot be achieved. Until recently, a more sophisticated noise profile was experimentally demonstrated. Theoretically and experimentally, a PSA scheme based on the copier type can achieve link noise improvements of up to 6dB and 3dB, respectively, over conventional systems based on the PIA or PSA schemes. This means that PSAs based on the copier type have better signal-to-noise performance. In addition, the successful transmission of the DWDM, differential quaternary phase shift keyed signal at 10Gbaud based on the copier type PSA, and the nearly 6dB signal to noise ratio improvement, clearly show the independence and broadband amplification capability of the amplifier to the input signal format.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides an all-optical caching method for realizing an orthogonal mode through a four-wave mixing mode, which realizes the caching of signals by using an all-optical network switching mode and effectively improves the quality and efficiency of the cached signals under the support of FND-PSA.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to an all-optical caching method for realizing an orthogonal mode in a four-wave mixing mode, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) inputting optical signals into an IQ modulator, amplifying the signals by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, modulating the intensity of the amplified signals, and finally entering an orthogonal mode multiplexing system;
(2) inputting the modulated optical signal into a copier by adopting a pump;
(3) the first four-wave mixing module generates idler frequency light according to a frequency formula;
(4) the input switch determines the sequence length of all waveforms entering the buffer in the time domain;
(5) after entering the cache, pumping signals are injected into a recovery unit in the lower branch locking process, and simultaneously, signal waves and idler waves are guided to an upper branch and subjected to phase and polarization adjustment;
(6) inputting PSA to perform signal compensation after the upper branch and the lower branch are combined;
(7) when buffering is no longer needed, the output switch is activated and an optical signal is output, and the optical buffer is emptied or written by adjusting the relative phase and the pump power in the pump recovery branch by using the modulator.
Further, the step (1) is realized as follows:
the optical signal is divided into two paths, then passes through a half-wave plate and a polaroid, and then is respectively incident on two spatial light modulators, and is reflected and then simultaneously incident on a polarization beam splitting crystal; the two modulators respectively generate three modes simultaneously, namely six modes are generated in total, and the six modes are mutually orthogonal; two beams of orthogonal light are simultaneously converged and polarized in the beam splitting crystal, so that six-mode orthogonal polarization multiplexing is realized; the multiplexed light in six modes is coupled into a single optical fiber through the mode coupler, and is switched between loading and circulation through the optical switch, and enters the optical buffer after being output and circulated.
Further, the sequence length of the waveform in the step (4) cannot exceed the optical delay caused by the loop; the optical delay is mainly determined by the highly nonlinear fiber length of the phase sensitive amplifier.
Further, the pump signal in step (5) satisfies the phase matching condition:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the phases of the signal, pump and idler light, a ═ arctan [ (k/2g) tanh (gL)]，k＝Δk+2γPPGamma is a nonlinear coefficient, P, for the total phase mismatch factorPFor pumping power, Δ k ≈ β2(ωs-ωp)2+β4(ωs-ωp)412 is the linear phase mismatch factor, beta2、β4Is a propagation constant, ωs、ωpThe angular frequencies of the signal light and the pump light,
is a parametric gain coefficient.
Further, the phase adjustment in step (5) adopts a phase-locked loop to stabilize the relative phases between the pump, signal and idler.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. experiments show that the noise coefficient of the PSA is far lower than 3dB under the bandwidth of 8nm, and the ultralow noise amplification capability of the PSA is clearly shown; meanwhile, under the condition that the input wave is weak, the noise performance is improved compared with that of the traditional amplifier; the phase change of the signal is reduced by about 15 times before and after the FND-PSA transmission, so that the FND-PSA can effectively compress phase noise; the FND-PSA-based all-optical cache system can greatly reduce noise caused by amplified signals and improve the quality of the cached signals; 2. different from the realization scheme of a common all-optical buffer, the method adopts a copier type phase sensitive amplifier, can realize amplification of lower noise and realize multi-wavelength buffer time control, and has unlimited buffer time due to the phase sensitive amplifier with excellent amplification performance, and simultaneously improves the stability and transmission quality of a transmission system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a nineteen-core six-mode optical fiber employed in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of six-mode orthogonal multiplexing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a recycling loop of the optical transmitter;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a four-wave mixed-frequency optical buffer based on a phase-sensitive amplifier;
fig. 5 shows the application of the optical buffer in the whole nineteen-core six-mode multi-dimensional orthogonal multiplexing system.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention provides an all-optical buffer method for realizing an orthogonal mode in a four-wave mixing mode, which specifically comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 5, the optical buffer is applied to the whole nineteen-core six-mode multi-dimensional orthogonal multiplexing system. The system comprises three main structures: the system comprises a signal transmitting end, a signal orthogonal mode multiplexing system and an orthogonal mode demodulation receiving system. At the signal transmitting end, the signal beams generated by 8 lasers are input to 2 phase modulators, thereby generating a frequency comb having 184 wavelengths. The phase modulator is driven by a 25GHz radio frequency signal, producing 92 wavelength channels at 25GHz intervals.
The combined signal is input to an IQ modulator, amplified by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, modulated in intensity and finally enters an orthogonal mode multiplexing system.
The optical signal is divided into two paths, then passes through a half-wave plate and a polaroid, and then is respectively incident on two Spatial Light Modulators (SLM), and is reflected and simultaneously incident on a polarization beam splitting crystal. The half-wave plate and the polaroid plate are used for ensuring that the polarization state of the light is consistent with that of the spatial light modulator. The two modulators generate three modes simultaneously, respectively, i.e. a total of six modes, which are orthogonal to each other, as shown in fig. 2. Two beams of orthogonal light are simultaneously converged and polarized in the beam splitting crystal, so that six-mode orthogonal polarization multiplexing is realized. The multiplexed light in six modes is coupled into a single optical fiber through the mode coupler, and is switched between loading and circulation through the optical switch, and enters the optical buffer after being output and circulated.
The pump inputs the modulated optical signal into the copier.
The first four-wave mixing module generates idler frequency light according to a frequency formula:
ωi＝2ωp-ωs
wherein ω iss、ωiAnd ωpThe angular frequencies of the signal light, idler light and pump light, respectively.
The input switch determines the sequence length of all waveforms entering the buffer in the time domain. The length of time the signal sequence to be buffered must not exceed the optical delay caused by the loop shown in fig. 4, which is determined primarily by the length of the nineteen-core six-mode fiber shown in fig. 1 of the Phase Sensitive Amplifier (PSA).
After entering the buffer, the pump signal will be injected into the recovery unit of the lower branch lock process, as shown in fig. 4, to prevent excessive pump power from affecting the Phase Sensitive Amplifier (PSA). While the signal and idler waves will be directed to the upper branch, adjusting the phase and polarization, which will ensure that the gain of the PSA is maximized during each buffer cycle. The upper branch and the lower branch are combined and then input into PSA for signal compensation. The loss of the signal is mainly due to the amplitude attenuation and phase drift of the signal propagating in the nineteen-core six-mode fiber and the rest of the buffer devices and each round trip.
In order for the PSA to operate at maximum amplification, the input signal must satisfy the phase matching condition:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the phases of the signal, pump and idler light, a ═ arctan [ (k/2g) tanh (gL)]，k＝Δk+2γPPGamma is a nonlinear coefficient, P, for the total phase mismatch factorPFor pumping power, Δ k ≈ β2(ωs-ωp)2+β4(ωs-ωp)412 is the linear phase mismatch factor, beta2、β4Is a propagation constant, ωs、ωpThe angular frequencies of the signal light and the pump light respectively,
is a parametric gain coefficient.
When buffering is no longer needed, the output switch will be activated and output the optical signal. By using a modulator in the pump recovery branch to adjust the relative phase and pump power, operations such as emptying or writing the optical buffer can be achieved.
And the optical signal enters an orthogonal mode demodulation receiving system after being output from the all-optical buffer. Quadrature mode demultiplexer as shown in fig. 3, the device is capable of demultiplexing six quadrature mode optical signals.
In an optical channel, in order to ensure that the range of optical signal power in each channel is within a controllable range, signals need to be subjected to power equalization through an optical power equalization wave-combining module before passing through an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, so that serious nonlinear effects caused by unbalanced gain passing through the erbium-doped fiber amplifier are avoided. The optical power pre-equalization wave combining module is used for combining and equalizing signal channels in the orthogonal mode demultiplexer so as to realize long-distance error-code-free transmission. As shown in fig. 3, the optical power equalization multiplexing module is composed of a variable optical attenuator and a multiplexing multiplexer, and the circuit controls and adjusts the optical attenuation to realize the variable optical attenuation and multiplexing of the multiple optical channels.
Wavelength demultiplexing is performed using tunable filters. An external cavity laser with the line width of 10KHz is used as a local oscillator signal and is used for 6 polarization diversity coherent receivers. And synchronizing the three digital sampling oscilloscopes in advance to ensure that all signals are aligned in time, and sending the finally obtained demodulated signal to a coherent detection and offline digital signal processing system to recover the original signal.
Claims (5)
1. An all-optical caching method for realizing an orthogonal mode in a four-wave mixing mode is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) inputting optical signals into an IQ modulator, amplifying the signals by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, modulating the intensity of the amplified signals, and finally entering an orthogonal mode multiplexing system;
(2) inputting the modulated optical signal into a copier by adopting a pump;
(3) the first four-wave mixing module generates idler frequency light according to a frequency formula;
(4) the input switch determines the sequence length of all waveforms entering the buffer in the time domain;
(5) after entering the cache, pumping signals are injected into a recovery unit in the lower branch locking process, and simultaneously, signal waves and idler waves are guided to an upper branch and subjected to phase and polarization adjustment;
(6) inputting PSA to perform signal compensation after the upper branch and the lower branch are combined;
(7) when buffering is no longer needed, the output switch is activated and an optical signal is output, and the optical buffer is emptied or written by adjusting the relative phase and the pump power in the pump recovery branch by using the modulator.
2. The all-optical buffering method for realizing the orthogonal mode by the four-wave mixing mode according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) is realized by the following steps:
the optical signal is divided into two paths, then passes through a half-wave plate and a polaroid, and then is respectively incident on two spatial light modulators, and is reflected and then simultaneously incident on a polarization beam splitting crystal; the two modulators respectively generate three modes simultaneously, namely six modes are generated in total, and the six modes are mutually orthogonal; two beams of orthogonal light are simultaneously converged and polarized in the beam splitting crystal, so that six-mode orthogonal polarization multiplexing is realized; the multiplexed light in six modes is coupled into a single optical fiber through the mode coupler, and is switched between loading and circulation through the optical switch, and enters the optical buffer after being output and circulated.
3. The all-optical buffering method for realizing orthogonal mode by four-wave mixing mode according to claim 1, wherein the sequence length of the waveforms in step (4) cannot exceed the optical delay caused by loop; the optical delay is mainly determined by the highly nonlinear fiber length of the phase sensitive amplifier.
4. The method for implementing an all-optical buffer in an orthogonal mode by four-wave mixing according to claim 1, wherein the pump signal in step (5) satisfies a phase matching condition:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the phases of the signal, pump and idler light, a ═ arctan [ (k/2g) tanh (gL)]，k＝Δk+2γPPGamma is a nonlinear coefficient, P, for the total phase mismatch factorPFor pumping power,. DELTA.k ≈β2(ωs-ωp)2+β4(ωs-ωp)412 is the linear phase mismatch factor, beta2、β4Is a propagation constant, ωs、ωωThe angular frequencies of the signal light and the pump light,
is a parametric gain coefficient.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the phase adjustment in step (5) uses a phase-locked loop to stabilize the relative phases of the pump, signal and idler.
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| CN112235070A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-01-15 | 南京信息工程大学 | Loop control method of orthogonal mode division multiplexing system |
| CN113490083A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-08 | 北京邮电大学 | All-optical fast mode matching method and system for QPSK signal and application thereof |
| CN114002893A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-02-01 | 中山大学 | Back scattering noise suppression optical device of same-frequency single-fiber bidirectional system |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112235070A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-01-15 | 南京信息工程大学 | Loop control method of orthogonal mode division multiplexing system |
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| CN113490083A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-08 | 北京邮电大学 | All-optical fast mode matching method and system for QPSK signal and application thereof |
| CN113490083B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-07-01 | 北京邮电大学 | All-optical fast mode matching method and system for QPSK signal and application thereof |
| CN114002893A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-02-01 | 中山大学 | Back scattering noise suppression optical device of same-frequency single-fiber bidirectional system |
| CN114002893B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-22 | 中山大学 | Back scattering noise suppression optical device of same-frequency single-fiber bidirectional system |
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