CN101127570A - Multi-wave length parallel buffer full optical buffer - Google Patents
Multi-wave length parallel buffer full optical buffer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an all-optical buffer of multiple wavelength parallel storage to solve parallel buffer problem of dense wave-division multiplex signal and consists of an input power equalizer, a light buffer unit, a wave-division multiplex-de-multiplexer, an output power equalizer set and a wave-division multiplexer. The utility model adopts the multiple wavelength parallel storage technique of power equalization - parallel buffer - de-multiplex - power equalization - re-multiplex to maintain the synchronous buffering of multiple wavelength signals, so that the cross modulation among multiple wavelength signals can be effectively overcome, the signal-to-noise ratio can be promoted and the good buffer memory performance can be gained. Free adjustment on the cycle multiple of multiple wavelength signals buffer period can be realized in the utility model and the reading and writing time can be controlled with light signal writing and reading. The reading time can be started as required after storing signals; the event triggering can be realized without preset in the buffer. With great flexibility, the utility model is a real all-optical buffer suitable to all-optical routers or all-optical exchangers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the optical communication technique field, is a kind of multi-wave length parallel buffer full optical buffer specifically, promptly the wavelength-division multiplex signals of multi-wavelength is carried out the optical buffer of parallel buffer.
Background technology
Along with the development of high speed full optical net, the shortcoming of wavelength exchange manifests gradually, and just from being to exchange the optical wavelength switching network of granularity to the light packet switching network transition that is granularity with the wavelength with the bag, the light packet switching will become one of important directions of all optical network to all optical network.Full light packet switching essence is a kind of storage-retransmission technique, and storage therefore how to finish the light packet in the light territory becomes the key problem in technology of full light packet switching.Characteristics such as the capacity of node, throughput, packet loss all depend on the quality of memory performance in the network.
The scheme of multiple full optical buffer has been proposed at present, if classify according to memory bank (medium), mainly contain following 3 kinds: what induce transparent (EIT) principle based on electricity is the slower rays buffer of memory bank with semiconductor-quantum-point, atom gas and solid-state material; With the chirp grating is the grating type buffer of memory bank; With optical fiber is the optical fiber loop type buffer of memory bank.Though the time-delay characteristics that the EIT medium has long cache-time and can regulate, the cost of its costliness, the restriction of specific wavelength and also do not read and write control experiment, many problems expose as yet.Be in exploratory stage at present to light speed reduction, far apart from the real cache device that is applicable to data cache.As for grating,, there is not practical significance under two-forty because smaller bandwidth can not be used.And the current relatively actual optical buffer that also is based on optical-fiber type.
Preceding two kinds of buffers all are based on controls group velocity, and the optical-fiber type buffer is based on buffer storage length is controlled, and is that the full optical buffer of memory bank is divided into following three classes by structure at present with optical fiber:
The first kind is based on the scheme (as Fig. 1) of " delay line+optical switch ", and a basic design comprises the optical fiber of a 2X2 optical switch and one group of different time of delay.Utilize the lag characteristic of optical fiber to cooperate optical switch to come the control lag time, just constituted " switching delay line ".
Second class is based on the scheme (as Fig. 2) of " mirror based fiber optica (FP chamber)+optical switch ".Basic thought is at the two ends of an optical fiber, adds a transmitance (reflectivity) adjustable eyeglass M1 and M2 respectively.When needs are introduced light signal, M1 can be adjusted to light transmission state, treat that light signal enters optical fiber after, M1 is converted to the total reflection state at once, M2 also is the total reflection state at this moment, so light signal just moves back and forth in the FP chamber of being made up of two completely reflecting mirrors, is stored in the optical fiber.When needs are read, only need to make M2 into light transmission state and get final product.In principle, photon can be survived considerable time in the FP chamber.The method of common change transmitance has non-linear loop mirror NOLM, T bit asymmetric demultiplexer TOAD or nonlinear optical fiber Sagnac interferometer NFSI optical switches such as (Nonlinear Fiber Sagnec Interferometer).At present, can be with the signal storage of the 1Gb/s of 32bit for up to more than the 1ms.
The 3rd class is based on the scheme of fiber optic loop (Fiber Loop), and a basic design comprises a 2X2 optical switch and an optical fiber loop, the integral multiple of time of delay that is light signal in ring memory time.The fiber optic loop that has power back-off, if do not consider the accumulation of noise, the photon long time of can surviving therein in theory.Key is how photon to be introduced (write operation) and photon is exported (read operation).Specific implementation write with playback mode on comprise: a. adopts optical coupler input, optical coupler output (as Fig. 3); B. adopt optical coupler input, optical switch output (as Fig. 4); C. adopt the optical coupler input, adopt demodulation multiplexer output; D. adopt fiber optic loop+TOAD optical switch etc.The basic difficulty of this design is can only be memory time integral multiple that fix or the ring time.
The analysis found that at present, the optical buffer that double-ring coupled full optical buffer, dynamic reconfigurable multi-granularity optical buffer for all-optical switching network and time of delay and output wavelength are adjustable does not all relate to the parallel buffer problem of multiple wavelength optical signal, and close wavelength-division multiplex technology DWDM extensive use in present communication system, so buffer also must adapt to this demand.Although optical fiber is a kind of wide spectrum device, it is no problem that multi-wavelength is used, and all must use optical switch fast in above-mentioned optical buffer, this optical switch or based on SOA, or use highly nonlinear optical fiber (comprising photonic crystal fiber).There is the interaction of different wavelengths of light such as serious cross-gain modulation, cross-phase modulation, four wave mixing in these devices, and the intensity of this effect is at random and uncontrollable.Such as when using 8 wavelength, 8 wavelength all be " 1 " sign indicating number with have only 1 wavelength be " 1 " sign indicating number all the other be that " 0 " yard is compared, gross power differs and reaches 8 times.The phenomenon of the gross power wide variation of this composite signal causes signal quality seriously to descend, therefore, and the power equalization problem in the time of must well solving the multi-wavelength buffer memory, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention that Here it is.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of multi-wave length parallel buffer full optical buffer.This buffer designs at the problem of dense wave division multipurpose DWDM signal parallel buffer memory, adopts power equalization-parallel buffer-demultiplexing-power equalization-multiplexing again multi-wave length parallel memory technology, can keep the synchronization caching of multi-wavelength signals.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Multi-wave length parallel buffer full optical buffer has the input power equalizer of gain saturation characteristic, a light buffer unit, 1 * N Wave division multiplexer/demultiplexer, the power output sets of equalizers with gain saturation characteristic and N * 1 wavelength division multiplexer by one and forms:
The input power equalizer has one-input terminal and single output, and its input links to each other with the external world, and output links to each other with the input of buffer unit.
Buffer unit has the control end of a flashlight input, output and read-write control signal, and the flashlight output links to each other with demodulation multiplexer, and control end links to each other with the external world.
Demodulation multiplexer has an input port and N output port, and each output port is only exported the signal of a wavelength, and each output port all connects a power output equalizer, and the output of power output equalizer links to each other with the input of wavelength division multiplexer.
Wavelength division multiplexer is the device that N input and single output are arranged, and the signal of a plurality of single wavelength synthesizes a multi-wavelength signals here, links to each other with the external world.
1 * N demodulation multiplexer and N * 1 wavelength division multiplexer uses array waveguide grating AWG.
Power equalizer is a device with gain saturation, after input optical fibre is introduced this device with the very big multi-wavelength signals of gross power fluctuation, at multi-wavelength signals that gross power is basicly stable of output output.The basicly stable multi-wavelength signals of this gross power enters buffer unit and carries out buffer memory, and buffer unit is read after multi-wavelength signals buffer memory a period of time, enters demodulation multiplexer.Because gross power is basicly stable in buffer, the power that just can not guarantee each wavelength is basicly stable, so single wavelength signals ingoing power sets of equalizers behind the demultiplexing, make the power of each wavelength reach basicly stable, enter the signal (gross power at this moment still changes) that wavelength division multiplexer synthesizes multi-wavelength again then.
The invention has the advantages that and use a buffer unit just can realize the buffer memory of multi-wavelength, can guarantee synchronization caching, and can effectively overcome the cross modulation between the multi-wavelength signals, improve signal to noise ratio, have good caching performance.The present invention can realize adjustable arbitrarily for the ring cycle multiple of multi-wavelength signals cache-time and the moment that can write and read by the write signal and the read signal control of light.Constantly can after depositing in, signal carry out as required owing to read, therefore can trigger and need before buffer memory, not set in advance by realization event, having very big flexibility, is the full optical buffer of real meaning, is applicable to that full optical router or full optical switch use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the full optical buffer schematic diagram of " delay line+optical switch ".
Fig. 2 is based on the full optical buffer schematic diagram of " mirror based fiber optica (FP chamber)+optical switch ".
Fig. 3 is the full optical buffer schematic diagram that adopts " optical coupler input, optical coupler output ".
Fig. 4 is the full optical buffer schematic diagram that adopts " optical coupler input, optical switch output ".
Fig. 5 is double-ring coupled full optical buffer (through type) schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is double-ring coupled full optical buffer (recoverable) schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the input-output characteristic of power equalizer and the schematic diagram of power equalization.
Fig. 8 (a) is the input-output characteristic of power equalizer.It has the characteristics of gain saturation.
Fig. 8 (b) is the power equalization schematic diagram.When the power of input light changed in a big way, the variable power of output light was little.
The light signal schematic diagram of Fig. 9 for reading from buffer.It is the delay T that the input signal of Fig. 1 has been carried out a period of time.The control signal of the time that postpones by buffer unit determined.
Figure 10 is the different wave length output signal behind the demodulation multiplexer demultiplexing.The signal of single wavelength is owing to be subjected to the influence of cross-gain modulation as can be seen, and the amplitude instability.
Figure 11 is the output signal diagram through the power equalizer group.At this moment the signal amplitude basically identical of each wavelength.
Figure 12 is the oscillogram through the synthetic multi-wavelength signals of multiplexer.Basically keep the original appearance of input signal, but postponed a period of time.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is described further:
The buffer structure comprises the demodulation multiplexer 3 of 2, one wavelength division multiplexing of 1, one light buffer unit of an input power equalizer as shown in Figure 7,4 groups in power output equalizer, and a wavelength division multiplexer 5.Input power equalizer 1 is a device with gain saturation, after input optical fibre is introduced this device with the very big multi-wavelength signals of gross power fluctuation, at multi-wavelength signals that gross power is basicly stable of output output.The basicly stable multi-wavelength signals of this gross power carries out buffer memory entering buffer unit 2, and buffer unit is read after multi-wavelength signals buffer memory a period of time, enters demodulation multiplexer 3.Because gross power is basicly stable in buffer, the power that just can not guarantee each wavelength is basicly stable, so single wavelength signals ingoing power sets of equalizers 4 behind the demultiplexing, make the power of each wavelength reach basicly stable, enter the signal (gross power at this moment changes) that multiplexer 5 synthesizes multi-wavelength again then.In above-mentioned buffer, wavelength division multiplexer 5 can adopt standardized product with demodulation multiplexer 3, is the AWG etc. of 100GHz such as its channel spacing.
In the buffer of the present invention, power equalizer and buffer unit can have multiple assembled scheme, provide several below:
Embodiment 1:
Double-ring coupled full optical buffer, as Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, what it was not only stored is light signal, and read-write operation also is the control by another light signal.This buffer utilizes the both sides port of one 3 * 3 fiber coupler to constitute twin nuclei through the optical fiber feedback, with input, the output port of Centronics port as buffer.It has two kinds of structures: through type and recoverable.The through type structure respectively as input and output, all has a SOA in each fiber optic loop with the both sides Centronics port of 3 * 3 fiber couplers as shown in Figure 5, and introduces and derive control light by the WDM fiber coupler.When input traffic during from the left side Centronics port input of coupler, 3 * 3 couplers that are arranged in parallel will be assigned to light among the ring Loop1 on right side, form clockwise and counterclockwise two-beam, control light P writing when this two-beam light passes through SOA1
WrEffect produce down the phase shift difference of π.When this two-beam turns back to 3 * 3 couplers, owing to there has been the phase difference of π, the result of interference will enter the ring Loop2 on right side.If Loop2 does not introduce control light, the two is remaining the phase difference of π, so light signal is present among two rings all the time.Storage effect that Here it is.When needs are read, only need utilize the SOA2 of Loop2 to make the phase difference of the π that two-beam produces once more, so light pulse is just read from the right side Centronics port of coupler.The difference of recoverable structure and through type structure is to save a SOA2, and increases an optical circulator, as Fig. 6.
Embodiment 2:
Embodiment 3:
Claims (8)
1. multi-wave length parallel buffer full optical buffer is characterized in that it is made up of input power equalizer (1), a light buffer unit (2), a 1 * N Wave division multiplexer/demultiplexer (3) with gain saturation characteristic, power output equalizer (4) group and N * 1 wavelength division multiplexer (5) with gain saturation characteristic:
Input power equalizer (1) has one-input terminal and single output, and its input links to each other with the external world, and output links to each other with the input of buffer unit;
Buffer unit (2) has the control end of a flashlight input, output and read-write control signal, and the flashlight output links to each other with demodulation multiplexer, and control end links to each other with the external world;
Demodulation multiplexer (3) has an input port and N output port, each output port is only exported the signal of a wavelength, each output port all connects a power output equalizer (4), and the output of power output equalizer (4) links to each other with the input of wavelength division multiplexer;
Wavelength division multiplexer (5) is the device that N input and single output are arranged, and the signal of a plurality of single wavelength synthesizes a multi-wavelength signals here, links to each other with the external world.
2. multi-wave length parallel buffer full optical buffer according to claim 1 is characterized in that its input power equalizer (1) and power output equalizer (4) group are semiconductor optical amplifiers.
3. multi-wave length parallel buffer full optical buffer according to claim 1 is characterized in that its input power equalizer (1) and power output equalizer (4) group are erbium-doped fiber amplifiers.
4. multi-wave length parallel buffer full optical buffer according to claim 1 is characterized in that its input power equalizer (1) and power output equalizer (4) group are Raman Fiber Amplifiers.
5. multi-wave length parallel buffer full optical buffer according to claim 1 is characterized in that its buffer unit (2) uses double-ring coupled full optical buffer.
6. multi-wave length parallel buffer full optical buffer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that its buffer unit (2) uses the buffer of " mirror based fiber optica (FP chamber)+optical switch ", wherein optical switch is non-linear loop mirror NOLM, T bit asymmetric demultiplexer TOAD and nonlinear optical fiber Sagnac interferometer NFSI optical switch.
7. multi-wave length parallel buffer full optical buffer according to claim 1 is characterized in that its buffer unit (2) uses the buffer of " fiber optic loop+optical switch ", and wherein optical switch is the semiconductor optical amplifier optical switch.
8. multi-wave length parallel buffer full optical buffer according to claim 1 is characterized in that 1 * N demodulation multiplexer (3) and N * 1 wavelength division multiplexer (5) uses array waveguide grating AWG.
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| CN101262709B (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2010-10-13 | 华中科技大学 | A full optical buffer based on proton crystal optical fiber |
| WO2015074375A1 (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optical network switching device |
| WO2015100636A1 (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Annular optical buffer and optical signal storage and reading method |
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- 2007-08-28 CN CN 200710120850 patent/CN100589348C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN104871457A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2015-08-26 | 奥兰若技术有限公司 | Optical modulator |
| WO2015074375A1 (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optical network switching device |
| WO2015100636A1 (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Annular optical buffer and optical signal storage and reading method |
| US9709744B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2017-07-18 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Annular optical shifter and method for shifting optical signal |
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| CN107431535A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2017-12-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | The transmission path method for building up and device exchanged for optical signal |
| CN107431535B (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2020-04-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Transmission path establishing method and device for optical signal exchange |
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| CN105356945A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-02-24 | 威海北洋电气集团股份有限公司 | Heterodyne optical fiber hydrophone system |
| CN105553557A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-05-04 | 华进半导体封装先导技术研发中心有限公司 | Optical receiving unit structure for optical fiber communication |
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| CN114142921A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-04 | 中山水木光华电子信息科技有限公司 | All-optical storage system and method based on different central wavelength optical fiber codes |
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