CN112083348A - Method and system for detecting single-phase-to-ground short circuit of motor and storage medium - Google Patents
Method and system for detecting single-phase-to-ground short circuit of motor and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
- G01R31/006—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks
- G01R31/007—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks using microprocessors or computers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for detecting a single-phase-to-ground short circuit of a motor and a storage medium, wherein the method for detecting the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor comprises the following steps: acquiring characteristic parameters of a motor and a motor controller; calculating a fault threshold value according to the characteristic parameters; controlling a switching device in a motor controller to be switched on or switched off according to a preset rule, and detecting a test current during the action of the switching device; and judging whether the motor of the electric automobile is short-circuited singly to the ground or not according to the fault threshold and the test current. The invention aims to reduce the detection cost of the motor single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the electric automobile and improve the detection effect of the motor single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the electric automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to a method and a system for detecting single-phase-to-ground short circuit of a motor and a storage medium.
Background
The electric automobile is a vehicle which takes a vehicle-mounted power supply as power and drives wheels to run by using a motor, and meets various requirements of road traffic and safety regulations. Because the influence on the environment is smaller than that of the traditional automobile, the electric automobile has good application prospect.
In the electric automobile industry, the insulation detection method of the vehicle-mounted motor mainly comprises two methods: insulation detector and automatically controlled self-checking. The whole car factory generally performs the detection of the whole car level through equipment such as an insulation detector, but the whole car factory also generally requires a motor controller to be capable of self-identifying whether a single-phase-to-ground short circuit occurs.
For the existing self-checking scheme, the method mainly adopts an unbalanced method of three-phase current and a voltage sampling method of a Y capacitor (namely an ampere capacitor) to identify. The principle of the three-phase current unbalance method is that identification is carried out according to the sum of three-phase currents of a motor. When the motor is short-circuited relative to the shell, the sum of three-phase currents is not zero due to the existence of leakage current. And when the short circuit phenomenon does not occur, the sum of the three-phase currents of the motor is 0.
Although the three-phase current imbalance method is simple, the method depends heavily on the accuracy of a current sampling link and the current battery voltage margin, and only when the carrier frequency of the sampling link is higher and the battery voltage is more, the three-phase current of a real short ground can be collected as far as possible, namely, the phenomenon of false alarm or false alarm caused by the fact that short-circuit current is easily not collected under low carrier frequency and low bus voltage is caused, so that the method adds great difficulty to the setting of a fault threshold value.
The Y capacitor voltage sampling method is used for detecting by collecting the characteristic quantity of Y capacitor voltage in real time, when a short circuit occurs to a relative shell, the terminal voltage of the Y capacitor fluctuates, and a protection threshold value is designed according to the fluctuation quantity for identification.
The Y capacitor voltage sampling method generally requires an additional Y capacitor voltage sampling circuit and needs to be rearranged, which brings great cost pressure to the motor controller.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to reduce the detection cost of the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor of the electric automobile and improve the detection effect of the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor of the electric automobile by providing the detection method and the system for the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor of the electric automobile and the computer readable storage medium.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for detecting a single-phase-to-ground short circuit of a motor, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring characteristic parameters of a motor and a motor controller;
calculating a fault threshold value according to the characteristic parameters;
controlling a switching device in the motor controller to be switched on or switched off according to a preset rule, and detecting the test current of the switching device during the action period;
and judging whether the motor is in single-phase to ground short circuit or not according to the fault threshold and the test current.
In some embodiments, the obtaining characteristic parameters of the motor and the motor controller includes:
acquiring the phase resistance value of the motor;
reading bus voltage, dead time and carrier frequency; and
and reading the conduction voltage drop of a safety capacitor and a switching device in the motor controller.
In some embodiments, the obtaining phase resistance values of the motor includes:
and conducting an upper bridge switch of any phase, such as a U-phase upper bridge switching device, and a lower bridge switching device of other phases, such as a W-phase lower bridge switching device, continuously adjusting the duty ratio, calculating output voltage through bus voltage and the duty ratio when the current in the loop reaches a set threshold value, and obtaining the phase resistance value of the motor according to the ratio of the output voltage to the current.
In some embodiments, the bus voltage, the dead time, and the carrier frequency are read by a sampling circuit or sensor in a motor controller.
In some embodiments, the fault threshold is a freewheel current threshold in the motor controller loop.
In some embodiments, the switching device in the motor controller is turned on or off according to a preset rule, and the detecting of the test current during the action of the switching device includes:
keeping constant duty ratio, turning on any phase upper bridge switching device, such as a U-phase upper bridge switching device, in the first half carrier period, turning on other phase lower bridge switching devices, such as a V-phase lower bridge switching device and a W-phase lower bridge switching device, in the second half carrier period, and detecting the magnitude of the test current in the loop.
In some embodiments, determining whether the motor is short-circuited to ground by one phase according to the fault threshold and the test current comprises:
and if the test current is greater than the fault threshold value and the accumulated value of the test current greater than the fault threshold value reaches a set threshold value, judging that the motor is in single-phase-to-ground short circuit.
In some embodiments, the set threshold is a duration threshold or a number of detections threshold.
The application also provides a system for detecting the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor, which comprises a processor, a memory and a system control program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the system control program realizes the steps of the method for detecting the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor when being executed by the processor.
The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a system control program, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for detecting a single-phase-to-ground short circuit of a motor.
According to the method and the device, the fault threshold value is obtained through calculation of characteristic parameters of the motor and the motor controller, the test current flowing through a switching device in the motor controller, such as the follow current flowing through the switching device, is detected, and whether the motor of the electric automobile is in single-phase-to-ground short circuit or not is judged according to the fault threshold value and the test current. Compared with the traditional three-phase current unbalance method, due to the limitation of current sampling bandwidth, the high-frequency current cannot be acquired under the conditions of low carrier frequency and low bus voltage, so that the acquired three-phase current is zero, and the phenomenon of single-phase-to-ground short circuit false alarm or false alarm failure occurs, so that the single-phase-to-ground short circuit cannot be accurately detected. The application detects the follow current with low frequency, for example, the test current flowing through a switching device in the motor controller is detected, the follow current is easier to collect and detect than the high-frequency current, errors are not easy to occur, and the detection effect of single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor of the electric automobile is improved. In addition, the method and the device do not need to add an additional hardware circuit, and can reduce the cost for detecting the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor of the electric automobile.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of detecting a single phase to ground short circuit of an electric machine of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an inverter of a typical motor controller of an electric vehicle.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
In a new energy electric vehicle, the phenomena of damage and abnormal motor insulation of a three-phase output cable of a motor (or two ends of a three-phase output cable of a motor controller, the three-phase output cable of the motor and the three-phase output cable of the motor controller form a cable) sometimes occur. Once the phenomenon occurs in the running process, the whole vehicle is easy to shake due to the control of the motor and even unexpected acceleration force occurs, so that extremely bad experience is brought to drivers and passengers, and even potential safety hazards are brought to the passengers.
In the existing self-checking scheme of the motor controller, the three-phase current imbalance method has the defects that the short-circuit current is easy to be collected under low carrier frequency and low bus voltage, so that false alarm or missing alarm occurs, and the Y capacitor voltage sampling method needs an extra Y capacitor voltage sampling circuit to increase the cost. Therefore, a self-checking scheme is needed for improving the detection effect of the short circuit of the motor of the electric vehicle and reducing the detection cost of the short circuit of the motor of the electric vehicle. In view of the above, the present application provides a method, system and storage medium for detecting a single-phase-to-ground short circuit of a motor. The following is an explanation by means of two examples.
Example one
The embodiment of the application provides a method for detecting a single-phase-to-ground short circuit of a motor, which comprises the following steps:
s10, acquiring characteristic parameters of the motor and the motor controller;
the motor controller refers to a controller used for driving a motor of an electric automobile to work in the electric automobile. The motor controller includes an inverter. The inverter is used for receiving direct current electric energy transmitted by the storage battery of the electric automobile and inverting the direct current electric energy into three-phase alternating current to provide power for the motor of the automobile. The characteristic parameters are physical parameters displayed corresponding to the current working conditions of the motor and the electric controller, and the characteristic parameters generally comprise a plurality of parameters.
S20, calculating a fault threshold value according to the characteristic parameters;
the fault threshold is a parameter threshold obtained by the characteristic parameter according to a solution expression under the current working condition. The fault threshold is a freewheeling current threshold in the motor controller loop.
S30, controlling a switching device in the motor controller to be switched on or switched off according to a preset rule, and detecting the test current of the switching device during the action period;
the switching device is used for controlling the connection and disconnection of the bridge arms of the U-phase, the V-phase and the W-phase of the inverter in the motor controller. The switching device may be various switching tubes, such as a switching Transistor, a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET), or an insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (igbt). In the present embodiment, an IGBT is used as the switching device. The test current is the freewheeling current flowing through the switching device in the controller loop.
And S40, judging whether the motor is short-circuited to the ground in a single phase or not according to the fault threshold and the test current.
And judging whether the motor is in single-to-ground short circuit or not according to the fault threshold and the test current, and if the test current is greater than the fault threshold, performing single-to-ground short circuit on the motor.
The application is suitable for detecting whether the motor is in single-phase to ground short circuit or not in the application occasion that the motor controller provides alternating current electric energy for the motor, and can be used in the fields of electric automobiles, electric motorcycles, electric steamships and the like. In the embodiment, the method is applied to detecting whether the motor of the electric automobile is short-circuited singly or relatively.
According to the method and the device, the fault threshold value is obtained through calculation of characteristic parameters of the motor and the motor controller, the test current flowing through a switching device in the motor controller, such as the follow current flowing through the switching device, is detected, and whether the motor of the electric automobile is short-circuited singly or oppositely is judged according to the fault threshold value and the test current. Compared with the traditional three-phase current unbalance method, due to the limitation of current sampling bandwidth, the high-frequency current cannot be acquired under the conditions of low carrier frequency and low bus voltage, so that the acquired three-phase current is zero, and the phenomena of single-phase-to-ground short circuit false alarm or missing alarm occur, so that the occurrence of single-phase-to-ground short circuit cannot be accurately detected. The application detects the follow current of low frequency, for example, detects the test current that flows through the switching device in the machine controller, compares high frequency current and gathers more easily and detect, is difficult for makeing mistakes, improves the detection effect of electric automobile motor list ground short circuit relatively. In addition, the method and the device do not need to add an additional hardware circuit, and can reduce the cost for detecting the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor of the electric automobile.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an inverter of a typical motor controller. In a typical carrier period of the inverter, in the first mode, the first switch tube S1 is turned on, and the duration is maintained for half a carrier period; then entering a second mode, wherein the first switching tube S1 to the sixth switching tube are not conducted, and the state is maintained for a first dead time;then entering a third mode, in the third mode, the fourth switching tube S4 and the sixth switching tube S6 are turned on simultaneously and the duration is maintained for half a carrier period; and then entering a fourth mode, in which none of the first switch tube S1 to the sixth switch tube is conductive, and this state is maintained for a second dead time. And then returning to the first mode, namely entering the next carrier period. Wherein the first dead time and the second dead time are equal. By synthesizing each mode, the total energy expression in one carrier period, namely R (Ts-Tsq) Io can be obtained2+ (2 UdTq +2UdR1C-2UdRC +2 UstTs-2 UsTsq) Io-CUd (4Us + Ud) ═ 0.
Please refer to the above expression, where Io is a winding freewheeling current, Ud is a bus voltage of a direct current, Us is a conduction voltage drop of a single switch tube (i.e. a conduction voltage drop of any one of the first switch tube S1 to the sixth switch tube S6), Tsq is a dead time, and C is a one-side safety capacitor (i.e. Y in the figure)1R1 is the short circuit branch resistance (resistance to ground at the short circuit point), R is the winding loop resistance, and Ts is the carrier period. Solving the equation of the expression to obtain the following solving equation
Various factors influencing the winding freewheel current Io are obtained from the equation. Since the winding freewheeling current Io is equal to the fault threshold, the value of the fault threshold can be obtained by only obtaining the values of the factors influencing the winding freewheeling current Io and substituting the values into the solution equation.
In addition, because the actual value of the short-circuit branch resistance is small, an accurate value cannot be easily obtained, and calibration is generally performed on the theoretical basis, the value has small influence on the winding follow current Io and can be ignored.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the obtaining characteristic parameters of the motor and the motor controller under the current operating condition (i.e., step S1) includes:
s11, acquiring the phase resistance value of the motor (namely the winding loop resistance R);
specifically, referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the obtaining phase resistance of the motor includes:
and conducting an upper bridge switch of any phase, such as a U-phase upper bridge switching device (namely, a first switching tube S1 in the figure), and a lower bridge switching device of other phases, such as a W-phase lower bridge switching device (namely, a sixth switching tube S6 in the figure), continuously adjusting the duty ratio, calculating an output voltage through the bus voltage and the duty ratio when detecting that the current in the loop reaches a set threshold value, and obtaining the phase resistance value of the motor according to the ohm law and the ratio of the output voltage and the current.
In other embodiments, the duty ratio may be continuously increased by turning on the U-phase upper bridge switching device (i.e., the first switching tube S1 in the figure) and the V-phase lower bridge switching device (i.e., the fourth switching tube S4 in the figure), when it is detected that the current in the loop reaches the set threshold, the output voltage is calculated by the bus voltage and the duty ratio, and the phase resistance value of the motor is obtained from the ratio of the output voltage and the current according to ohm' S law.
S12, reading bus voltage, dead time and carrier frequency; and
in this embodiment, the bus voltage, the dead time, and the carrier frequency are read by a sampling circuit or sensor in the motor controller. And no additional hardware detection circuit is required. The purpose of reducing the cost is achieved. The bus voltage corresponds to the bus voltage Ud of the direct current in the expression. The dead time corresponds to dead time Tsq in the expression.
The term dead time is used here to mean that, in order to avoid a bridge limb connected by a switching tube being passed through, it is generally advisable to incorporate a so-called "interlock delay time", otherwise generally referred to as "dead time", into the control strategy. This means that one of the switching tubes is first turned off and then the other switching tube is turned on at the end of the dead time, so that the shoot-through phenomenon caused by asymmetry of the turn-on time and the turn-off time can be avoided.
The carrier frequency refers to the switching frequency of the switching tube (i.e. any one of the first switching tube S1 to the sixth switching tube S6). The carrier period T can be obtained by calculating the reciprocal of the carrier frequencyS。
S13, reading the safety regulation capacitance in the motor controller (namely the single-side safety regulation capacitance Y)1) And the conduction voltage drop of the switching device (i.e. the conduction voltage drop U of the aforementioned single switching tube)S)。
Therefore, the fault threshold Io under the working condition can be obtained by substituting the obtained resistance of the motor controller, bus voltage, dead time, carrier frequency, safety capacitor and conduction voltage drop of the switching device into a solution equation.
The freewheel circuit flowing through the switching device is then detected. In this embodiment, the switching device in the motor controller turns on or off according to a preset rule, and detects a test current during the operation of the switching device, including:
keeping constant duty ratio, turning on any phase upper bridge switching device, such as a U-phase upper bridge switching device (i.e. the first switch tube S1 in FIG. 2), in the first half of one carrier period, turning on other phase lower bridge switching devices, such as a V-phase lower bridge switching device (i.e. the fourth switch tube S4 in FIG. 2) and a W-phase lower bridge switching device (i.e. the sixth switch tube S6 in FIG. 2), in the second half of the carrier period, and detecting the magnitude of the test current in the loop.
When no short circuit to ground occurs, S1 and S4, S6 are conducted complementarily in one carrier period, that is, S1 is turned on for half a carrier period, and S4 and S6 are simultaneously turned on for half a carrier period, no loop is formed in the circuit, and naturally no current exists. When the motor is subjected to single-phase-to-ground short circuit and S1 and S4 and S6 are conducted complementarily in one carrier period, a free-wheeling current exists in a loop due to the existence of a short-circuit point.
In this embodiment, determining whether the motor is short-circuited to ground based on the fault threshold and the test current includes:
and if the test current is greater than the fault threshold value and the accumulated value of the test current greater than the fault threshold value reaches a set threshold value, judging that the motor of the electric automobile is in single-phase-to-ground short circuit.
Further, the set threshold is a duration threshold or a detection number threshold. Namely, when the duration that the test current is greater than the fault threshold value reaches a time threshold value, the short-circuit fault of the motor relative to the ground is judged. For example, the duration threshold is set to 1S, and when the duration that the test current is greater than the fault threshold is detected to reach more than 1S, it is determined that a single-phase-to-ground short circuit occurs in the motor of the electric vehicle. Therefore, the purpose of setting the duration threshold is to ensure that the freewheeling current really exists, and avoid that accidental detection errors cause mistaken recognition of the occurrence of the freewheeling current, so that the existence of a single-phase short circuit to the ground is judged mistakenly. The duration threshold is set, so that the accuracy of detecting the test current is improved, and the detection effect of the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor of the electric automobile is improved.
Alternatively, the test current through the loop is sensed multiple times. And when the duration that the test current is greater than the fault threshold value reaches a detection time threshold value, judging that the short circuit fault occurs to the motor relatively. For example, the detection time threshold may be set to 3 times, and when the number of times that the test current is greater than the fault threshold is detected reaches 3 times or more than 3 times, it is determined that a single-phase-to-ground short circuit occurs in the electric vehicle motor. The purpose of setting the detection time threshold is to ensure that the follow current really exists, and avoid that accidental detection errors cause mistaken judgment of the occurrence of the follow current, so that the motor is judged to have a single-phase-to-ground short circuit by mistake. The accuracy of detecting the test current is improved by setting the threshold value of the detection times, so that the detection effect of the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor of the electric automobile is improved.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a system corresponding to the method in the first embodiment, which is shown in the second embodiment.
Example two
The application also provides a system for detecting the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor, which is used for judging whether the single-phase-to-ground short circuit occurs in the motor of the electric vehicle, and the system comprises a processor (not shown), a memory (not shown) and a system control program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the system control program realizes the steps of the method for detecting the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor when being executed by the processor.
It should be understood that in some embodiments, the processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and the processor may also be other general purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
It should be understood that in some embodiments, the memory may be a high-speed RAM memory in some embodiments, or may be a non-volatile memory (e.g., a disk memory).
Since the second embodiment adopts all the technical solutions of the first embodiment, at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the first embodiment are achieved, and no further description is given here. Since the system described in the second embodiment of the present invention is a system used for implementing the method in the first embodiment of the present invention, based on the method described in the first embodiment of the present invention, a person skilled in the art can understand the specific structure and the deformation of the system, and thus the detailed description is omitted here. All systems adopted by the method of the first embodiment of the present invention are within the intended protection scope of the present invention.
The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a system control program is stored, and the system control program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for detecting a single-phase-to-ground short circuit of a motor.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention has been described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It should be noted that in the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering. These words may be interpreted as names.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting a single-phase-to-ground short circuit of a motor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring characteristic parameters of a motor and a motor controller;
calculating a fault threshold value according to the characteristic parameters;
controlling a switching device in the motor controller to be switched on or switched off according to a preset rule, and detecting the test current of the switching device during the action period;
and judging whether the motor is in single-phase to ground short circuit or not according to the fault threshold and the test current.
2. The method for detecting the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the characteristic parameters of the motor and the motor controller comprises:
acquiring the phase resistance value of the motor;
reading bus voltage, dead time and carrier frequency; and
and reading the conduction voltage drop of a safety capacitor and a switching device in the motor controller.
3. The method for detecting the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the phase resistance value of the motor comprises:
and conducting an upper bridge switching device of any phase and a lower bridge switching device of other phases, continuously adjusting the duty ratio, calculating output voltage through bus voltage and the duty ratio when detecting that the current in the loop reaches a set threshold value, and obtaining the phase resistance value of the motor according to the ratio of the output voltage to the current.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the bus voltage, the dead time, and the carrier frequency are read by a sampling circuit or a sensor in a motor controller.
5. A method of detecting a single-to-ground short circuit in an electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the fault threshold is a freewheel current threshold in the motor controller loop.
6. The method for detecting a single-phase-to-ground short circuit of a motor according to claim 1, wherein a switching device in the motor controller is turned on or off according to a preset rule, and a test current during the operation of the switching device is detected, and the method comprises the following steps:
keeping constant duty ratio, switching on any phase upper bridge switching device in the first half carrier period, switching on other phase lower bridge switching devices in the second half carrier period, and detecting the magnitude of the test current in the loop.
7. The method for detecting the single-phase-to-ground short circuit of the motor according to claim 6, wherein judging whether the motor is single-phase-to-ground short circuit according to the fault threshold and the test current comprises:
and if the test current is greater than the fault threshold value and the accumulated value of the test current greater than the fault threshold value reaches a set threshold value, judging that the motor is in single-phase-to-ground short circuit.
8. The method for detecting the single-phase to ground short circuit of the motor according to claim 7, wherein the set threshold is a duration threshold or a detection time threshold.
9. A system for detecting a single-phase-to-ground short circuit of a motor, comprising a processor, a memory, and a system control program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the system control program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the method for detecting a single-phase-to-ground short circuit of a motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a system control program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of detecting a single-phase-to-ground short circuit of an electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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