CN112083122A - Method for rapidly detecting content of insoluble substances in garbage fly ash washing slurry - Google Patents
Method for rapidly detecting content of insoluble substances in garbage fly ash washing slurry Download PDFInfo
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- CN112083122A CN112083122A CN201910518659.9A CN201910518659A CN112083122A CN 112083122 A CN112083122 A CN 112083122A CN 201910518659 A CN201910518659 A CN 201910518659A CN 112083122 A CN112083122 A CN 112083122A
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- centrifuge
- fly ash
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for rapidly detecting the content of insoluble substances in garbage fly ash washing slurry, which comprises the following steps: placing not less than 200ml of garbage fly ash water washing slurry in a beaker, and quickly stirring; respectively putting the uniformly stirred washing slurry into two identical 50ml centrifuge tubes, and screwing tube covers after the maximum scale mark is reached; oppositely placing the two centrifuge tubes in a centrifuge for experiment, setting the rotation speed of the centrifuge to 2500-; and after the centrifuge completely stops rotating, taking out the two centrifuge tubes, respectively reading the volume number of insoluble objects in the centrifuge tube by taking ml as a unit, averaging the two numerical values without considering the unit, and multiplying the two numerical values by 1.5 percent to obtain a result, namely the content of the insoluble substances in the garbage fly ash washing slurry. The detection method has the characteristics of short detection time and simple and convenient operation under the condition that the accuracy is basically equivalent to that of the conventional detection method, and can conveniently and quickly guide the operation and running of the washing process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for detecting the content of insoluble substances, in particular to a method for quickly detecting the content of the insoluble substances in garbage fly ash washing slurry.
Background
The waste fly ash is solid powder collected by a flue gas purification system of a waste incineration power plant, and contains organic pollutants such as dioxin and trace heavy metals such as Cr, Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, Ni and the like. Dioxin (dioxin) has irreversible teratogenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic toxicity, and heavy metals cause severe damage to various organs of the human body, so that garbage fly ash is classified as a hazardous waste (coded as HW 18).
The chemical components of the garbage fly ash mainly comprise CaO and SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3MgO and the like, similar to cement components, can be used as partial cement substitute raw materials, so that the waste fly ash can be treated in cooperation by adopting a cement kiln, the energy consumption of waste fly ash treatment is saved, the consumption of cement raw materials is reduced, and simultaneously, dioxin is completely decomposed by high-temperature firing in the cement kiln, heavy metals are solidified and stabilized in cement clinker, so that the harmless treatment and recycling of the waste fly ash are realized.
However, the garbage fly ash directly enters the cement kiln, and a large amount of chlorine contained in the garbage fly ash can cause the skinning and blocking of the cement kiln, thereby affecting the normal production and quality of clinker, and simultaneously increasing the discharge of hydrogen chloride, and greatly limiting the capability of the cement kiln for cooperatively treating the garbage fly ash.
Water washing is the simplest and most effective method for removing chlorine in the waste fly ash at present, and is one of the key processes of treating the waste fly ash by the cooperation of a cement kiln. The washing is to mix the garbage flying ash with water and stir and wash the mixture, chlorine, sodium, potassium and the like in the garbage flying ash are dissolved in the washing slurry in the form of salt, and oxides of calcium, silicon, aluminum, iron, magnesium and the like and a small amount of other substances are insoluble in water and become insoluble substances in the washing slurry.
In the washing operation, the content (mass fraction) of insoluble substances needs to be detected, and the existing detection method is as follows: firstly, filtering the weighed fly ash washing slurry with a certain mass, wherein a filter medium is a weighed filter membrane, washing the insoluble substances trapped on the filter membrane for many times by using deionized water after the filtration is finished, washing out salt components contained in the insoluble substances, then drying the filter membrane and the insoluble substances to a constant weight for at least 2 hours, and finally weighing and calculating to obtain the content of the insoluble substances in the washing slurry.
In the washing process operation, relevant equipment and medicament adding amount and the like need to be adjusted according to the content of insoluble substances in the washing slurry, so that the washing efficiency is improved, and the operation cost is reduced. Because the waste fly ash comes from different waste incineration plants, the fly ash component contents of the different incineration plants are different, even if the component content of the fly ash generated by the same waste incineration plant is changed greatly, the content of insoluble substances in the water-washed slurry fluctuates in a larger range. Insoluble substance content detection is an important content of the control of the garbage fly ash washing process, the insoluble substance content in the washing slurry needs to be known as soon as possible in operation, and then the process operation is adjusted quickly according to the insoluble substance content, but the existing insoluble substance content detection method has the problems of long detection time and complicated operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the existing method for detecting the content of insoluble substances, and provides a detection method which has short detection time and simple and convenient operation and can guide the process operation aiming at the detection of the content of the insoluble substances in the washed slurry of the garbage fly ash.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for rapidly detecting the content of insoluble substances in garbage fly ash washing slurry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 10: placing not less than 200ml of garbage fly ash water washing slurry in a beaker, and quickly stirring;
step 20: respectively putting the uniformly stirred washing slurry into two identical 50ml centrifuge tubes, and screwing tube covers after the maximum scale mark is reached;
step 30: oppositely placing the two centrifuge tubes in a centrifuge for experiment, setting the rotation speed of the centrifuge to 2500-;
step 40: and after the centrifuge completely stops rotating, taking out the two centrifuge tubes, respectively reading the volume number of insoluble objects in the centrifuge tube by taking ml as a unit, averaging the two numerical values without considering the unit, and multiplying the two numerical values by 1.5 percent to obtain a result, namely the content of the insoluble substances in the garbage fly ash washing slurry.
The method for detecting the content of the insoluble substances in the garbage fly ash washing slurry has the characteristics of short detection time and simple and convenient operation under the condition that the accuracy is basically equivalent to that of the conventional detection method, and can conveniently and quickly guide the operation and running of the washing process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method for rapidly detecting the content of insoluble substances in the waste fly ash water-washed slurry.
Detailed Description
The features, principles, effects, etc. of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are provided as examples for explaining the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method for rapidly detecting the content of insoluble substances in the waste fly ash water-washed slurry. As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
step 10: placing not less than 200ml of garbage fly ash water washing slurry in a beaker, and quickly stirring;
step 20: respectively putting the uniformly stirred washing slurry into two identical 50ml centrifuge tubes, and screwing tube covers after the maximum scale mark is reached;
step 30: oppositely placing the two centrifuge tubes in a centrifuge for experiment, setting the rotation speed of the centrifuge to 2500-;
step 40: and after the centrifuge completely stops rotating, taking out the two centrifuge tubes, respectively reading the volume number of insoluble objects in the centrifuge tube by taking ml as a unit, averaging the two numerical values without considering the unit, and multiplying the two numerical values by 1.5 percent to obtain a result, namely the content of the insoluble substances in the garbage fly ash washing slurry.
The concentration of the garbage fly ash washing slurry obtained in the step 10 may not be uniform, the lower part and the bottom of the beaker often contain more insoluble substances than the upper part, and in order to ensure the accuracy of the detection result, the garbage fly ash washing slurry is rapidly stirred to be uniform, and the forms of stirring by a glass rod, magnetic stirring, electric stirring and the like are adopted.
In order to make the detection result more accurate, a parallel sampling method is adopted, that is, in the step 20, two centrifuge tubes are completely the same, and the sampling amount is the same. In addition, in order to ensure that the experimental centrifuge in step 30 operates normally and is stressed uniformly, two centrifuge tubes with the same weight must be oppositely arranged in the centrifuge, which is also the reason why two identical centrifuge tubes are used.
The experimental centrifuge is a device for separating components in liquid and solid particles or a mixture of liquid and liquid by using centrifugal force, the separation effect of the experimental centrifuge is generally related to the rotating speed, the higher the rotating speed is, the better the separation effect is.
The 1.5% used in the calculation in the step 40 is a correlation coefficient and is obtained through systematic research experiments, namely the volume number of insoluble objects in ml unit of two centrifuge tubes after centrifugation is compared with the result obtained by the same water-washed slurry by the existing detection method after averaging without considering the unit, and the correlation coefficient is obtained through the processes of analysis, calculation, fitting and the like.
The content range of the insoluble substances in the garbage fly ash water washing slurry is 5-25%, and the data accuracy is basically the same as that of the existing detection method. The invention has the advantages of about 10min of analysis and detection time, greatly shortened detection time compared with the existing detection method, simple and convenient operation, and capability of completing detection on a washing site by using instruments and containers such as a centrifuge, a centrifuge tube, a beaker and the like, thereby adjusting process parameters in time and guiding the operation and running of a washing process.
The following three examples further describe embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
Weighing 250ml of garbage fly ash water-washing slurry, placing the garbage fly ash water-washing slurry in a 400ml beaker, and quickly stirring for 2min by adopting a glass rod; respectively putting the uniformly stirred washing slurry into two identical 50ml centrifuge tubes, and screwing tube covers after the maximum scale mark is reached; putting the two centrifuge tubes into a centrifuge for experiment oppositely, setting the rotation speed of the centrifuge to 2500r/min, starting the centrifuge, and stopping operation after 5min of operation; and after the rotation is completely stopped, taking out the two centrifuge tubes, reading the volume numbers of the insoluble substances in the two centrifuge tubes to be 3.7ml and 3.9ml respectively, taking the unit out of consideration, averaging the two values, multiplying the two values by 1.5%, and keeping one position behind a decimal point as a result, wherein the content of the obtained insoluble substances is 5.7%, and the result of the existing detection method is 5.8%.
Example 2
Weighing 220ml of garbage fly ash water washing slurry, placing the garbage fly ash water washing slurry in a 400ml beaker, and stirring for 2.5min by adopting a magnetic stirrer; respectively putting the uniformly stirred washing slurry into two identical 50ml centrifuge tubes, and screwing tube covers after the maximum scale mark is reached; oppositely placing the two centrifuge tubes in a centrifuge for experiments, setting the rotation speed of the centrifuge to 2750r/min, starting the centrifuge, and stopping operation after running for 4 min; and after the rotation is completely stopped, taking out the two centrifuge tubes, reading the volume numbers of the insoluble substances in the two centrifuge tubes to be 10.3ml and 10.6ml respectively, taking the unit out of consideration, averaging the two values, multiplying the two values by 1.5%, and keeping one position behind a decimal point as a result, wherein the content of the obtained insoluble substances is 15.8%, and the result of the existing detection method is 15.7%.
Example 3
Measuring 230ml of garbage fly ash washing slurry, placing the garbage fly ash washing slurry in a 400ml beaker, and stirring for 1.5min by adopting an electric stirrer with the rotating speed of 250 r/min; respectively putting the uniformly stirred washing slurry into two identical 50ml centrifuge tubes, and screwing tube covers after the maximum scale mark is reached; putting the two centrifuge tubes into a centrifuge for experiment oppositely, setting the rotation speed of the centrifuge to 3000r/min, starting the centrifuge, and stopping operation after running for 3 min; and after the rotation is completely stopped, taking out the two centrifuge tubes, reading that the volume numbers of the insoluble substances in the two centrifuge tubes are 15.4ml and 15.6ml respectively, taking the unit out of consideration, averaging the two values, multiplying the two values by 1.5%, and keeping one position behind a decimal point as a result, wherein the content of the obtained insoluble substances is 23.3%, and the result of the existing detection method is 23.5%.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (2)
1. A method for rapidly detecting the content of insoluble substances in garbage fly ash washing slurry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 10: placing not less than 200ml of garbage fly ash water washing slurry in a beaker, and quickly stirring;
step 20: respectively putting the uniformly stirred washing slurry into two identical 50ml centrifuge tubes, and screwing tube covers after the maximum scale mark is reached;
step 30: oppositely placing the two centrifuge tubes in a centrifuge for experiment, setting the rotation speed of the centrifuge to 2500-;
step 40: and after the centrifuge completely stops rotating, taking out the two centrifuge tubes, respectively reading the volume number of insoluble objects in the centrifuge tube by taking ml as a unit, averaging the two numerical values without considering the unit, and multiplying the two numerical values by 1.5 percent to obtain a result, namely the content of the insoluble substances in the garbage fly ash washing slurry.
2. The method for rapidly detecting the content of the insoluble substances in the waste fly ash water-washed slurry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the content of the insoluble substances in the waste fly ash water-washed slurry is preferably in the range of 5-25%.
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