CN112082444B - Reverse centering device, centering method and testing method for engine - Google Patents
Reverse centering device, centering method and testing method for engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112082444B CN112082444B CN202010917622.6A CN202010917622A CN112082444B CN 112082444 B CN112082444 B CN 112082444B CN 202010917622 A CN202010917622 A CN 202010917622A CN 112082444 B CN112082444 B CN 112082444B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/003—Measuring of motor parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/252—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes for measuring eccentricity, i.e. lateral shift between two parallel axes
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of engine testing, and particularly discloses an engine reverse centering device, a centering method and a testing method. When the engine and the dynamometer are centered by using the engine reverse centering device, firstly, the engine reverse centering device is centered with the dynamometer; then, the first adjusting mechanism is translated in the direction far away from the dynamometer along the second direction, and the engine is placed between the dynamometer and the engine reverse centering device; and finally, adjusting the position of the engine, and centering the engine reverse centering device with the engine, so that the centering of the engine and the dynamometer can be realized. The reverse centering device of the engine improves the centering efficiency and reduces the labor intensity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine testing, in particular to an engine reverse centering device, a centering method and a testing method.
Background
After the production of the engine is finished, whether the power of the engine meets the design requirements or not is tested through a dynamometer. Before an engine is tested, the flywheel end of a crankshaft of the engine is connected with a main shaft of a dynamometer through a coupler, the coaxiality and the planeness of the flywheel end of the crankshaft and the main shaft of the dynamometer are required to be accurately centered and adjusted, and the adjusting precision of the centering and adjusting device is directly related to the accuracy of a test result and influences the service life of the dynamometer.
The traditional centering method needs to disassemble a shaft of the dynamometer, so that the centering efficiency is low, the labor intensity is high, and the centering operation needs to be repeated every time when the engine of the same model is detected, so that the detection process is long in time consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an engine reverse centering device, a centering method and a testing method, so that the centering efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an engine reverse centering device, comprising:
the centering degree detection assembly comprises a sliding needle disc and a sliding needle, wherein an adjusting hole is formed in the radial direction of the sliding needle disc, one end of the sliding needle is arranged in the adjusting hole and can be switched between an adjusting state and a working state, and when the sliding needle is in the adjusting state, the sliding needle can slide in the adjusting hole so as to adjust the distance between the sliding needle and the central axis of the sliding needle disc; when the sliding needle is in the working state, the sliding needle is fixed in the adjusting hole;
The connecting rod assembly comprises a first rod and a second rod, the upper end of the first rod is hinged with the upper end of the second rod through a connecting shaft, and the sliding needle is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft around the central axis of the sliding needle;
the lower end of the first rod and the lower end of the second rod are respectively hinged to the first adjusting mechanism, and the first adjusting mechanism is used for respectively adjusting the positions of the first rod and the second rod along a first direction so as to adjust the positions of the connecting shaft in the first direction and a vertical direction; the first adjusting mechanism is provided with a first scale mark along the first direction;
the second adjusting mechanism is fixed on a fixed object and comprises a first adjusting component and a second adjusting component which are arranged at intervals along a first direction, a first end of the first adjusting mechanism along the first direction is connected to the first adjusting component in a sliding mode, a second end of the first adjusting mechanism along the first direction is arranged on the second adjusting component in a sliding mode, and the first adjusting component and the second adjusting component are respectively used for adjusting the positions of the first end and the second end along a second direction; the first adjusting assembly and the second adjusting assembly are respectively provided with a second scale mark and a third scale mark along the second direction; the first direction, the second direction and the vertical direction are perpendicular to each other.
Preferably, the first adjusting mechanism includes a first mounting bracket, a first lead screw, a first nut, a second lead screw and a second nut, the first lead screw and the second lead screw are coaxially arranged along the first direction and are rotatably connected to the first mounting bracket, the first nut is screwed to the first lead screw, and the lower end of the first rod is hinged to the first nut; the second nut is in threaded connection with the second lead screw, and the lower end of the second rod is hinged to the second nut.
Preferably, the first adjustment mechanism further comprises:
the first adapter frame comprises a first adapter plate and two first lug plates arranged at intervals, the first adapter plate is connected to the first nut, the two first lug plates are arranged at intervals on the first adapter plate along the second direction, and the lower end of the first rod is rotatably connected between the two first lug plates;
the second adapter rack comprises a second adapter plate and two second ear plates arranged at intervals, wherein the second adapter plate is connected to the second nut, the second adapter plate is arranged on the second nut, the second ear plates are arranged on the second nut at intervals, the second direction is arranged on the second adapter plate, and the lower end of the second rod is rotatably connected between the second ear plates.
Preferably, the first and second adjusting assemblies each include:
the second mounting frame is fixed on the fixture;
the third screw rod is rotatably connected to the second mounting frame;
and the third nut is in threaded connection with the third screw rod and is connected with the first end or the second end of the first adjusting mechanism.
Preferably, the second mounting rack is provided with a U-shaped groove with an upward opening, and two side walls of the U-shaped groove form sliding rails; the first end of the first adjusting mechanism and the second end of the first adjusting mechanism are both provided with sliding grooves, and the sliding grooves are slidably arranged on the sliding rails.
Preferably, the centering detection assembly further comprises a bolt, a threaded hole is formed in one end, close to the sliding needle disc, of the sliding needle, a rod portion of the bolt penetrates through the adjusting hole to be connected with the threaded hole, and a nut of the bolt can abut against the surface of the sliding needle disc.
A centering method for centering a crankshaft of an engine with a drive shaft of a dynamometer using an engine reverse centering device as described above, the centering method comprising the steps of:
s1, centering the reverse centering device of the engine and the dynamometer: the position of the sliding needle is adjusted through the first adjusting mechanism and the second adjusting mechanism, so that the sliding needle can be in contact with the circumferential surface of the transmission shaft when the sliding needle rotates around the central axis of the sliding needle by 360 degrees;
S2, enabling the first adjusting mechanism to translate a preset distance along a second direction through the second adjusting mechanism, and placing the engine between the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer;
s3, centering the reverse centering device of the engine and the engine: and adjusting the position of the engine to ensure that the sliding needle can be contacted with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft when the sliding needle rotates 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle.
Preferably, step S1 includes:
s11, adjusting the position of the sliding needle along the extending direction of the adjusting hole to enable the distance between the sliding needle and the central axis of the sliding needle disc to be equal to the radius of the transmission shaft;
s12, adjusting the position of the first adjusting mechanism by the second adjusting mechanism, so that the sliding needle is coaxially disposed with the transmission shaft, and the sliding needle can be disposed opposite to the circumferential surface of the transmission shaft in the second direction;
s13, adjusting the positions of the first rod and the second rod along the first direction through the first adjusting mechanism to adjust the height of the sliding needle and the position of the sliding needle in the first direction, and enabling the sliding needle to be coaxially arranged with the transmission shaft;
s14, enabling the sliding pins to rotate 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding pins, and detecting whether the sliding pins are all in contact with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft; if so, the process proceeds to step S2, otherwise, the process repeats steps S12-S14.
Preferably, the preset distance is a length of the engine in the second direction.
A test method for sequentially testing a plurality of engines of the same type by using the reverse engine centering device comprises the following steps:
p1, aligning the crankshaft of the first engine with the transmission shaft of the dynamometer; step P1 includes:
p11, centering the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer: the position of the sliding needle is adjusted through the first adjusting mechanism and the second adjusting mechanism, so that the sliding needle can be in contact with the circumferential surface of the transmission shaft when the sliding needle rotates around the central axis of the sliding needle by 360 degrees;
p12, translating the first adjusting mechanism by a preset distance along a second direction through a second adjusting mechanism, and placing the engine between the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer;
p13, centering the reverse centering device of the engine and the engine: adjusting the position of the engine to enable the sliding needle to rotate 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle, wherein the sliding needle can be in contact with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft;
p14, recording the position of the first adjusting mechanism and the connecting rod assembly;
recording the position of the first adjustment mechanism comprises: recording the value of a second scale mark corresponding to the first end of the first adjusting mechanism, and recording a third scale mark corresponding to the second end of the first adjusting mechanism;
Recording the position of the linkage assembly includes: recording the values of the first scale marks corresponding to the first rod and the second rod respectively;
p2, after the first engine is tested, the crankshaft of the Nth engine is aligned with the transmission shaft of the dynamometer by using the engine reverse alignment device, wherein N is more than 1; step P2 includes:
p21, adjusting the position of the first adjustment mechanism and the linkage assembly to the position recorded in step P14;
p22, centering the reverse centering device of the engine and the engine: and adjusting the position of the engine to ensure that the sliding needle can be contacted with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft when the sliding needle rotates 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the engine reverse centering device provided by the invention is used for centering an engine and a dynamometer, the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer are centered by adjusting the positions of the first adjusting mechanism and the connecting rod assembly; then, recording the value of a second scale mark corresponding to the first end of the first adjusting mechanism and the value of a third scale mark corresponding to the second end of the first adjusting mechanism, then, translating the first adjusting mechanism along the second direction in the direction far away from the dynamometer, and placing the engine between the dynamometer and the engine reverse centering device; and finally, adjusting the position of the engine, and centering the engine reverse centering device with the engine, so that the centering of the engine and the dynamometer can be realized. The engine reverse centering device provided by the invention has the advantages that in the centering process of the engine and the dynamometer, the shaft of the dynamometer does not need to be disassembled, the centering efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity is reduced.
When a plurality of engines of the same model are detected, after a first engine is centered, the value of a second scale mark corresponding to the first end of a first adjusting mechanism and the value of a third scale mark corresponding to the second end of the first adjusting mechanism are recorded, the values of first scale marks corresponding to a first rod and a second rod respectively are recorded, when other engines are centered, the first adjusting mechanism, the first rod and the second rod are firstly adjusted in place, then the engine and the engine reverse centering device are directly centered, the centering of the engine and the dynamometer can be completed, when the engines except the first engine are centered, the engine and the dynamometer are centered by the engine reverse centering device again, and therefore the centering efficiency is greatly improved.
The centering method provided by the invention comprises the steps of centering the engine reverse centering device with the dynamometer, moving the engine reverse centering device, placing the engine between the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer, and centering the engine and the engine reverse centering device. The centering method provided by the invention is simple to operate and high in centering efficiency.
When the testing method provided by the invention is used for testing a plurality of engines of the same type, the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer are centered only before centering the first engine, and then the dynamometer and the engine reverse centering device are not required to be centered repeatedly, but each engine is only required to be respectively centered with the engine reverse centering device, so that the operation is simple, and the centering efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an engine reverse centering device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a point a in fig. 1.
In the figure:
1. a centering degree detection assembly; 11. a sliding needle plate; 111. an adjustment hole; 12. sliding the needle; 13. a bolt;
2. a connecting rod assembly; 21. a first lever; 22. a second lever; 23. a connecting shaft;
3. a first adjustment mechanism; 31. a first mounting bracket; 32. a first lead screw; 33. a second lead screw; 34. a first transfer plate; 35. a first ear plate; 36. a second adapter plate; 37. a second ear panel;
4. a second adjustment mechanism; 41. a first adjustment assembly; 42. a second adjustment assembly; 43. a second mounting bracket; 44. a third screw rod; 45. a slide rail.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the elements associated with the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the present invention, the directional terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner" and "outer" are used for easy understanding without making a contrary explanation, and thus do not limit the scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the recitation of a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include the recitation of the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the recitation that the first and second features are not in direct contact, but are in contact via another feature between them. Also, the first feature "on," "above" and "over" the second feature may include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment provides an engine reverse centering device, which is used for centering a crankshaft of an engine and a transmission shaft of a dynamometer, but not limited to the embodiment, and can also be used for centering other shaft parts so as to improve centering efficiency and reduce labor intensity.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the engine reverse centering device provided in this embodiment includes a centering detection assembly 1, a link assembly 2, a first adjustment mechanism 3, and a second adjustment mechanism 4, where the second adjustment mechanism 4 is fixed on a fixed object such as a bracket or a ground, the first adjustment mechanism 3 is connected to the second adjustment mechanism 4, and the second adjustment mechanism 4 is used to adjust a position of the first adjustment mechanism 3 along a second direction (e.g., a Y direction shown in fig. 1, hereinafter referred to as a Y direction). The connecting rod assembly 2 is connected to the first adjusting mechanism 3, and the centering detection assembly 1 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the connecting rod assembly 2. The first adjusting mechanism 3 is configured to adjust a position of a lower end of the connecting rod assembly 2 along a first direction (an X direction shown in fig. 1, hereinafter referred to as an X direction), and further reach a position of the alignment degree detection assembly 1 along the X direction and a vertical direction through the connecting rod assembly 2.
The centering degree detection assembly 1 rotates to be capable of being abutted against the circumferential surface of a transmission shaft of the dynamometer or being provided with a distance. When the centering detection assembly 1 rotates 360 degrees, the slide pins 12 of the centering detection assembly 1 are always abutted against the peripheral surface of the transmission shaft, so that the centering of the dynamometer and the centering detection assembly 1 is realized; if a gap exists between the peripheral surface of the sliding needle 12 of the centering detection assembly 1 and a part of the peripheral surface of the transmission shaft in the process of rotating the centering detection assembly 1 by 360 degrees, the positions of the first adjusting assembly 41 and the connecting rod assembly 2 need to be continuously adjusted until the abutting dynamometer is centered with the centering detection assembly 1. The centering principle of the engine reverse centering device and the engine is similar to that of the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer, and details are not repeated herein.
As shown in fig. 2, the centering degree detection assembly 1 includes a sliding needle plate 11 and a sliding needle 12, and since the centering degree detection assembly 1 needs to be abutted against the circumferential surface of the transmission shaft or the crankshaft in the rotation process, it is necessary to make the radius of rotation of the sliding needle 12 slightly larger than the radius of the transmission shaft or the crankshaft, and also since the radii of the crankshafts of different models of engines are different, or the radii of the transmission shaft and the crankshaft are different, in order to adjust the radius of rotation of the sliding needle 12, an adjustment hole 111 is formed along the radial direction of the sliding needle plate 11, one end of the sliding needle 12 is disposed in the adjustment hole 111, and can be switched between an adjustment state and a working state, and when the sliding needle 12 is in the adjustment state, the sliding needle 12 can slide in the adjustment hole 111 to adjust the distance between the central axes of the sliding needle 12 and the sliding needle plate 11; when the sliding needle 12 is in the working state, the sliding needle 12 is fixed to the adjusting hole 111.
In order to enable the sliding needle 12 to be switched between the adjusting state and the working state, the centering detection assembly 1 further comprises a bolt 13, a threaded hole is formed in one end, close to the sliding needle disc 11, of the sliding needle 12, a rod portion of the bolt 13 penetrates through the adjusting hole 111 to be connected with the threaded hole, the end surface of the sliding needle 12 and a nut of the bolt 13 can be abutted to the two side surfaces of the sliding needle disc 11 respectively, and therefore the sliding needle 12 is locked to the sliding needle disc 11 through the nut. The bolt 13 is rotated to make the nut of the bolt 13 have a gap with the surface of the sliding needle disk 11, the sliding needle 12 is in an adjusting state, and the sliding needle 12 can slide along the adjusting hole 111. After the sliding needle 12 is adjusted to the right position, the bolt 13 is rotated reversely, so that the sliding needle 12 is locked on the sliding needle disc 11 again through the nut, the sliding needle 12 is in a working state, and the relative position of the sliding needle 12 and the adjusting hole 111 is fixed.
As shown in fig. 1, the connecting rod assembly 2 includes a first rod 21 and a second rod 22, an upper end of the first rod 21 is hinged to an upper end of the second rod 22 through a connecting shaft 23, and the hour hand dial 11 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 23 about a central axis thereof. The lower ends of the first rod 21 and the second rod 22 are respectively hinged to the first adjusting mechanism 3, and the first adjusting mechanism is used for respectively adjusting the positions of the first rod 21 and the second rod 22 along the X direction so as to adjust the positions of the connecting shaft 23 in the X direction and the vertical direction, and further change the positions of the sliding needle 12 in the X direction and the vertical direction.
The second adjusting mechanism 4 includes a first adjusting component 41 and a second adjusting component 42 that are disposed at an interval along the X direction, a first end of the first adjusting component 41 along the X direction is slidably connected to the first adjusting component 41, a second end of the first adjusting component 41 along the X direction is slidably disposed on the second adjusting component 42, and the first adjusting component 41 and the second adjusting component 42 are respectively used for adjusting positions of the first end and the second end along the Y direction, so that the sliding needle 12 can be close to or far away from the transmission shaft or the crankshaft, and the sliding needle 12 can be disposed opposite to the transmission shaft or the crankshaft in the X direction.
The first adjusting mechanism 3 is provided with a first scale line along the X direction, and the first adjusting component 41 and the second adjusting component 42 are respectively provided with a second scale line and a third scale line along the Y direction.
When the engine reverse centering device provided by the embodiment is used for centering the engine and the dynamometer, firstly, the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer are centered by adjusting the positions of the first adjusting mechanism 3 and the connecting rod assembly 2; then, recording a value of a second scale mark corresponding to the first end of the first adjusting mechanism 3 and a value of a third scale mark corresponding to the second end of the first adjusting mechanism 3, then translating the first adjusting mechanism 3 in the direction away from the dynamometer along the Y direction, and placing the engine between the dynamometer and the engine reverse centering device; and finally, adjusting the position of the engine, and centering the engine reverse centering device with the engine, so that the centering of the engine and the dynamometer can be realized. The reverse centering device of engine that this embodiment provided makes the centering in-process of engine and dynamometer machine, need not dismantle the axle of dynamometer machine, has improved centering efficiency, has reduced intensity of labour.
When a plurality of engines of the same model are detected, after a first engine is centered, the value of a second scale mark corresponding to the first end of the first adjusting mechanism 3 and the value of a third scale mark corresponding to the second end of the first adjusting mechanism 3 are recorded, the values of first scale marks corresponding to the first rod 21 and the second rod 22 respectively are recorded, when other engines are centered, the first adjusting mechanism 3, the first rod 21 and the second rod 22 are firstly adjusted in place, then the engine and the engine reverse centering device are directly centered, the centering of the engine and the dynamometer can be completed, when the engines except the first engine are centered, the engine and the dynamometer do not need to be centered again by the engine reverse centering device, and therefore the centering efficiency is greatly improved.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to realize the position adjustment of the first rod 21 and the second rod 22, the first adjusting mechanism 3 includes a first mounting frame 31, a first lead screw 32, a first nut, a second lead screw 33 and a second nut, the first lead screw 32 and the second lead screw 33 are coaxially arranged along the X direction and rotatably connected to the first mounting frame 31, the first nut is screwed to the first lead screw 32, and the lower end of the first rod 21 is hinged to the first nut; the second nut is screwed to the second lead screw 33, and the lower end of the second rod 22 is hinged to the second nut. Preferably, the first graduation marks are provided on the first mounting frame 31.
To achieve the articulation of the first rod 21 with the first nut and the articulation of the second rod 22 with the second nut, the first adjustment mechanism 3 further comprises a first and a second adapter bracket. The first adapter frame comprises a first adapter plate 34 and two first lug plates 35 arranged at intervals, the first adapter plate 34 is connected to the first nut, the two first lug plates 35 are arranged at intervals on the first adapter plate 34 along the Y direction, and the lower end of the first rod 21 is rotatably connected between the two first lug plates 35. The second adapter rack comprises a second adapter plate 36 and two second lug plates 37 arranged at intervals, the second adapter plate 36 is connected to the second nut, the two second lug plates 37 are arranged on the second adapter plate 36 at intervals along the Y direction, and the lower end of the second rod 22 is rotatably connected between the two second lug plates 37.
To achieve the position adjustment of the first adjustment mechanism 3 in the Y direction, the first adjustment assembly 41 and the second adjustment assembly 42 each include a second mounting bracket 43, a third lead screw 44, and a third nut. The second mounting bracket 43 is fixed on a fixed object, the third screw rod 44 is rotatably connected on the second mounting bracket 43, the third nut is screwed on the third screw rod 44, and the third nut is connected with the first end or the second end of the first adjusting mechanism 3.
Preferably, in order to improve the movement stability of the first mounting bracket 31, the second mounting bracket 43 has a U-shaped groove with an upward opening, and two side walls of the U-shaped groove form a sliding rail 45; the first end and the second end of first adjustment mechanism 3 have all seted up the spout, and the spout slides and sets up in slide rail 45.
It should be noted that the axis of the transmission shaft is parallel to the Y direction, the first adjusting assembly 41 and the second adjusting assembly 42 are also parallel to the Y direction, and the direction of the slide pin 12 is also substantially parallel to the Y direction, so that when centering the reverse centering device and the dynamometer of the engine, the slide pin 12 needs to be parallel to the transmission shaft well, and therefore, the direction of the slide pin 12 may need to be finely adjusted. Because the sliding groove can slide along the sliding rail 45, the size of the sliding groove is slightly larger than the width of the sliding rail 45, when the axis of the sliding needle 12 and the axis of the transmission shaft cannot be parallel, one of the first end and the second end can be kept unchanged, the other end can be finely adjusted, and then the direction of the sliding needle 12 is adjusted, so that the sliding needle 12 and the transmission shaft are parallel.
The embodiment also provides a centering method for centering a crankshaft of an engine and a transmission shaft of a dynamometer by using the engine reverse centering device, wherein the centering method comprises the following steps:
s1, centering the reverse centering device of the engine and the dynamometer: the position of the sliding needle 12 is adjusted through the first adjusting mechanism 3 and the second adjusting mechanism 4, so that the sliding needle 12 can be in contact with the circumferential surface of the transmission shaft when the sliding needle plate 11 rotates 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle plate;
s2, enabling the first adjusting mechanism 3 to translate for a preset distance along the Y direction through the second adjusting mechanism 4, and placing the engine between the centering engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer; it is understood that the preset distance is the length of the engine in the second direction so that the front end of the crankshaft of the engine can be connected with the transmission shaft of the dynamometer and the slip pins 12 can be in contact with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft.
S3, centering the reverse centering device of the engine and the engine: when the position of the engine is adjusted to rotate the sliding needle plate 11 by 360 degrees around the central axis thereof, the sliding needle 12 can be in contact with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft.
In the centering method provided by the embodiment, the engine reverse centering device is centered with the dynamometer, then the engine reverse centering device is moved, the engine is placed between the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer, and finally the centering of the engine and the engine reverse centering device is realized. The centering method provided by the embodiment is simple to operate and high in centering efficiency.
Specifically, step S1 includes:
s11, adjusting the position of the sliding needle 12 along the extending direction of the adjusting hole 111 to ensure that the distance between the sliding needle 12 and the axis of the center of the sliding needle plate 11 is equal to the radius of the transmission shaft;
s12, adjusting the position of the first adjusting mechanism 3 through the second adjusting mechanism 4 to enable the sliding needle 12 to be coaxially arranged with the transmission shaft and enable the sliding needle 12 to be oppositely arranged with the circumferential surface of the transmission shaft in the Y direction;
s13, adjusting the positions of the first rod 21 and the second rod 22 in the X direction through the first adjusting mechanism 3 to adjust the height of the sliding needle 12 and the position of the sliding needle 12 in the X direction, and enabling the sliding needle 12 to be arranged coaxially with the transmission shaft;
s14, enabling the sliding needle disc 11 to rotate 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle disc, and detecting whether the sliding needles 12 are all in contact with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft; if yes, the process proceeds to step S2, otherwise, the process repeats steps S12-S14.
The embodiment also provides a test method, the test method is used for testing the engine, the test method uses the engine reverse centering device to sequentially test a plurality of engines of the same type, and the test method comprises the following steps:
p1, aligning the crankshaft of the first engine with the transmission shaft of the dynamometer; step P1 includes:
p11, centering the reverse centering device of the engine and the dynamometer: the position of the sliding needle 12 is adjusted through the first adjusting mechanism 3 and the second adjusting mechanism 4, so that the sliding needle 12 can be in contact with the circumferential surface of the transmission shaft when the sliding needle disc 11 rotates 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle disc;
P12, enabling the first adjusting mechanism 3 to translate for a preset distance along the Y direction through the second adjusting mechanism 4, and placing the engine between the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer; it is understood that the preset distance is the length of the engine in the second direction so that the front end of the crankshaft of the engine can be connected with the transmission shaft of the dynamometer and the slip pins 12 can be in contact with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft.
P13, centering the reverse centering device of the engine and the engine: the position of the engine is adjusted, so that when the sliding needle plate 11 rotates 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle plate, the sliding needle 12 can be contacted with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft;
p14, recording the position of the first adjustment mechanism 3 and the connecting-rod assembly 2: recording the position of the first adjustment mechanism 3 includes: record the value of the second scale mark that the first end of first adjustment mechanism 3 corresponds, the value of the third scale mark that the second end of first adjustment mechanism 3 corresponds, record link assembly 2's position includes: recording the values of the first graduation marks corresponding to the first rod 21 and the second rod 22 respectively;
p2, after the test of the first engine is finished, centering the crankshaft of the Nth engine and the transmission shaft of the dynamometer by using an engine reverse centering device, wherein N is more than 1; step P2 includes:
P21, adjusting the position of the first adjustment mechanism 3 and the linkage assembly 2 to the position recorded in step P14;
p22, centering the reverse centering device of the engine and the engine: when the position of the engine is adjusted to rotate the sliding needle plate 11 by 360 degrees around the central axis thereof, the sliding needle 12 can be in contact with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft.
When a plurality of groups of engines of the same model are tested by using the test method provided by the embodiment, the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer are centered only before centering the first engine, and then each engine is centered with the engine reverse centering device respectively, so that the dynamometer and the engine reverse centering device do not need to be centered repeatedly subsequently, the operation is simple, and the centering efficiency is high.
Specifically, step P11 includes:
p111, adjusting the position of the sliding needle 12 along the extending direction of the adjusting hole 111, so that the distance between the sliding needle 12 and the axis of the center of the sliding needle disc 11 is equal to the radius of the transmission shaft;
p112, adjusting the position of the first adjusting mechanism 3 through the second adjusting mechanism 4 to enable the sliding needle 12 to be coaxially arranged with the transmission shaft, and enabling the sliding needle 12 to be oppositely arranged with the peripheral surface of the transmission shaft in the second direction;
p113, adjusting the positions of the first rod 21 and the second rod 22 in the X direction by the first adjusting mechanism 3 to adjust the height of the sliding needle 12 and the position of the sliding needle 12 in the X direction, and arranging the sliding needle dial 11 substantially coaxially with the transmission shaft;
P114, enabling the sliding needle disc 11 to rotate 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle disc, and detecting whether the sliding needles 12 are all in contact with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft; if yes, go to step P12, otherwise, repeat steps P112-P114.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An engine reverse centering device, comprising:
the centering degree detection assembly (1) comprises a sliding needle disc (11) and a sliding needle (12), wherein an adjusting hole (111) is formed in the radial direction of the sliding needle disc (11), one end of the sliding needle (12) is arranged in the adjusting hole (111) and can be switched between an adjusting state and a working state, and when the sliding needle (12) is in the adjusting state, the sliding needle (12) can slide in the adjusting hole (111) so as to adjust the distance between the sliding needle (12) and the central axis of the sliding needle disc (11); when the sliding needle (12) is in the working state, the sliding needle (12) is fixed in the adjusting hole (111);
The connecting rod assembly (2) comprises a first rod (21) and a second rod (22), the upper end of the first rod (21) is hinged with the upper end of the second rod (22) through a connecting shaft (23), and the sliding needle plate (11) is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft (23) around the central axis of the sliding needle plate;
the lower end of the first rod (21) and the lower end of the second rod (22) are respectively hinged to the first adjusting mechanism (3), and the first adjusting mechanism is used for respectively adjusting the positions of the first rod (21) and the second rod (22) along a first direction so as to adjust the positions of the connecting shaft (23) in the first direction and a vertical direction; the first adjusting mechanism (3) is provided with a first scale mark along the first direction;
the second adjusting mechanism (4) is fixed on a fixed object, the second adjusting mechanism (4) comprises a first adjusting component (41) and a second adjusting component (42) which are arranged at intervals along a first direction, a first end of the first adjusting mechanism (3) is connected to the first adjusting component (41) in a sliding mode along the first direction, a second end of the first adjusting mechanism (3) is arranged on the second adjusting component (42) in a sliding mode along the first direction, and the first adjusting component (41) and the second adjusting component (42) are used for adjusting the positions of the first end and the second end along a second direction respectively; the first adjusting assembly (41) and the second adjusting assembly (42) are respectively provided with a second scale mark and a third scale mark along the second direction; the first direction, the second direction and the vertical direction are perpendicular to each other;
The first and second adjustment assemblies (41, 42) each comprise:
the second mounting frame (43) is fixed on the fixture;
the third screw rod (44) is rotatably connected to the second mounting frame (43);
a third nut screwed to the third screw (44), the third nut being connected to the first end or the second end of the first adjustment mechanism (3);
the second mounting rack (43) is provided with a U-shaped groove with an upward opening, and two side walls of the U-shaped groove form sliding rails (45); the first end of first adjustment mechanism (3) with the spout has all been seted up to the second end, the spout slide set up in slide rail (45), the size of spout slightly is greater than the width of slide rail (45).
2. The engine reverse centering device according to claim 1, characterized in that said first adjusting mechanism (3) comprises a first mounting frame (31), a first screw (32), a first nut, a second screw (33) and a second nut, said first screw (32) and said second screw (33) are coaxially arranged along said first direction and rotatably connected to said first mounting frame (31), said first nut is screwed to said first screw (32), and the lower end of said first rod (21) is hinged to said first nut; the second nut is screwed on the second screw rod (33), and the lower end of the second rod (22) is hinged with the second nut.
3. The engine reverse centering device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first adjusting mechanism (3) further comprises:
the first adapter frame comprises a first adapter plate (34) and two first lug plates (35) arranged at intervals, the first adapter plate (34) is connected to a first nut, the two first lug plates (35) are arranged at intervals on the first adapter plate (34) along the second direction, and the lower end of the first rod (21) is rotatably connected between the two first lug plates (35);
the second adapter rack comprises a second adapter plate (36) and two second ear plates (37) arranged at intervals, the second adapter plate (36) is connected to a second nut, the second ear plates (37) are arranged on the second nut at intervals, the second direction of the second ear plates (37) is arranged on the second adapter plate (36), and the lower end of the second rod (22) is rotatably connected between the second ear plates (37).
4. The engine reverse centering device according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering detection assembly (1) further comprises a bolt (13), a threaded hole is formed in one end of the sliding needle (12) close to the sliding needle plate (11), the rod part of the bolt (13) penetrates through the adjusting hole (111) to be connected with the threaded hole, and the nut of the bolt (13) can abut against the surface of the sliding needle plate (11).
5. A centering method for centering a crankshaft of an engine with a drive shaft of a dynamometer using the reverse centering apparatus for an engine as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4, the centering method comprising the steps of:
s1, centering the reverse centering device of the engine and the dynamometer: the position of the sliding needle (12) is adjusted through the first adjusting mechanism (3) and the second adjusting mechanism (4), so that the sliding needle (12) can be in contact with the peripheral surface of the transmission shaft when the sliding needle disc (11) rotates 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle disc;
s2, enabling the first adjusting mechanism (3) to translate a preset distance along a second direction through the second adjusting mechanism (4), and placing the engine between the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer;
s3, centering the reverse centering device of the engine and the engine: and adjusting the position of the engine to ensure that the sliding needle (12) can be contacted with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft when the sliding needle disc (11) rotates 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle disc.
6. The centering method of claim 5, wherein step S1 includes:
s11, adjusting the position of the sliding needle (12) along the extending direction of the adjusting hole (111) to enable the distance between the sliding needle (12) and the central axis of the sliding needle disc (11) to be equal to the radius of the transmission shaft;
S12, adjusting the position of the first adjusting mechanism (3) through the second adjusting mechanism (4), enabling the sliding needle (12) to be coaxially arranged with the transmission shaft, and enabling the sliding needle (12) to be oppositely arranged with the peripheral surface of the transmission shaft in the second direction;
s13, adjusting the positions of a first rod (21) and a second rod (22) along the first direction through the first adjusting mechanism (3) so as to adjust the height of the sliding needle (12) and the position of the sliding needle (12) in the first direction, and enabling the sliding needle (12) to be arranged coaxially with the transmission shaft;
s14, enabling the sliding needle plate (11) to rotate 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle plate, and detecting whether the sliding needles (12) are all in contact with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft; if so, the process proceeds to step S2, otherwise, the process repeats steps S12-S14.
7. The centering method of claim 5, wherein said predetermined distance is a length of said engine in said second direction.
8. A testing method, characterized in that a plurality of engines of the same type are tested in sequence by using the engine reverse centering device of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps:
p1, aligning the crankshaft of the first engine with the transmission shaft of the dynamometer; step P1 includes:
P11, centering the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer: the position of the sliding needle (12) is adjusted through the first adjusting mechanism (3) and the second adjusting mechanism (4), so that the sliding needle (12) can be in contact with the peripheral surface of the transmission shaft when the sliding needle disc (11) rotates 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle disc;
p12, translating the first adjusting mechanism (3) by a preset distance along a second direction through a second adjusting mechanism (4), and placing the engine between the engine reverse centering device and the dynamometer;
p13, centering the reverse centering device of the engine and the engine: the position of the engine is adjusted, so that when the sliding needle plate (11) rotates 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle plate, the sliding needle (12) can be in contact with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft;
p14, recording the position of the first adjusting mechanism (3) and the connecting rod assembly (2);
registering the position of the first adjustment mechanism (3) comprises: recording the value of a second scale mark corresponding to the first end of the first adjusting mechanism (3), and recording the value of a third scale mark corresponding to the second end of the first adjusting mechanism (3);
recording the position of the connecting-rod assembly (2) comprises: recording the values of first scale marks corresponding to the first rod (21) and the second rod (22) respectively;
P2, after the first engine is tested, the crankshaft of the Nth engine is aligned with the transmission shaft of the dynamometer by using the engine reverse alignment device, wherein N is more than 1; step P2 includes:
p21, adjusting the position of the first adjustment mechanism (3) and the connecting-rod assembly (2) to the position recorded in step P14;
p22, centering the reverse centering device of the engine and the engine: and adjusting the position of the engine to ensure that the sliding needle (12) can be contacted with the circumferential surface of the rear end of the crankshaft when the sliding needle disc (11) rotates 360 degrees around the central axis of the sliding needle disc.
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| CN202010917622.6A CN112082444B (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2020-09-03 | Reverse centering device, centering method and testing method for engine |
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| CN202010917622.6A CN112082444B (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2020-09-03 | Reverse centering device, centering method and testing method for engine |
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