CN112082270B - Phase-change heat accumulating type water heater and use method thereof - Google Patents
Phase-change heat accumulating type water heater and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112082270B CN112082270B CN202010996425.8A CN202010996425A CN112082270B CN 112082270 B CN112082270 B CN 112082270B CN 202010996425 A CN202010996425 A CN 202010996425A CN 112082270 B CN112082270 B CN 112082270B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 149
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000004899 c-terminal region Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
- F24H4/02—Water heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a phase-change heat accumulating type water heater and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of water heaters, wherein the phase-change heat accumulating type water heater comprises a compressor, a first heat exchange structure for exchanging heat with an external heat source, a second heat exchange structure for exchanging heat with a user demand end, a third heat exchange structure, a refrigerant loop for connecting the compressor and the three heat exchange structures, a switching assembly arranged on the refrigerant loop, and a water loop connected with the second heat exchange structure; the third heat exchange structure has triple functions of condensation, evaporation and heat storage; when the switching component is switched to different states, the flow directions or flow paths of the refrigerants in the refrigerant loop are different, so that the first heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure and the third heat exchange structure participate in the heat exchange process in a mode of one, two or three, and the function switching of the phase change heat accumulating type water heater is realized; the method of use includes device startup and mode switching. The invention has the characteristics of flexible and changeable use, energy conservation, high efficiency and high utilization efficiency of the phase change material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water heaters, in particular to a phase-change heat accumulating type water heater and a use method thereof.
Background
The air source heat pump water heater is widely popularized and applied due to the characteristics of energy conservation, environmental protection, safety and the like, but the water storage tank of the conventional air source heat pump water heater utilizes the sensible heat of water to store heat, has smaller heat storage density, and causes a larger volume of the water tank, so that the water tank is restricted from further popularization and application.
The phase-change energy storage technology is to utilize the phase-change material to absorb and release heat in the state change process so as to achieve the purpose of transferring energy supply and demand in time and space. The phase-change energy storage technology is applied to the air source heat pump water heater, the latent heat of the phase-change material can be utilized for storing and releasing heat, and the phase-change temperature is stable due to the large heat storage density of the heat storage material, so that the phase-change heat storage water heater has the advantages of large energy storage density, small volume and stable heat release temperature.
The present inventors found that there are at least the following technical problems in the prior art:
At present, a phase change heat storage water heater usually adopts a mode that a refrigerant directly charges a heat storage material and the heat storage material releases heat to tap water, for example, as in the patent with application numbers 201710978187.6 and 201720777226.1, the refrigerant and water cannot share a heat exchanger pipeline, so that part of the heat exchanger pipeline in the heat storage is used for cooling the refrigerant and the other part of the heat exchanger pipeline is used for cooling the water, so that the heat charging and releasing efficiency is reduced, and the energy efficiency of a system is influenced; meanwhile, the heat accumulator is used as a condenser during heat filling, and water directly takes heat from the heat accumulation box during heat release, so that the phase change temperature of the heat accumulation material cannot be too high or too low, the COP (coefficient of performance) during heat filling is reduced due to the fact that the phase change temperature is too high, and the effective water taking amount is too small due to the fact that the phase change temperature is too low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a phase-change heat-storage water heater and a use method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the air source heat pump water heater in the prior art has smaller heat storage density and larger water tank volume; the heat accumulator of the phase change heat accumulation water heater is not fully utilized, so that the heat charging and discharging efficiency is lower, and the energy efficiency of the system is lower; the phase transition temperature range of the heat storage material is too narrow, and the heat release efficiency is low.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a phase-change heat accumulating type water heater, which comprises a compressor, a first heat exchange structure for exchanging heat with an external heat source, a second heat exchange structure for exchanging heat with a user demand end, a third heat exchange structure, a refrigerant loop for connecting the compressor and the three heat exchange structures, a switching assembly arranged on the refrigerant loop, and a water loop connected with the second heat exchange structure, wherein the first heat exchange structure is used for exchanging heat with the external heat source; the third heat exchange structure has triple functions of condensation, evaporation and heat storage; when the switching component is switched to different states, the flow directions or flow paths of the refrigerants in the refrigerant loop are different, so that the first heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure and the third heat exchange structure participate in the heat exchange process in a mode of selecting one, two or three, and the function switching of the phase change heat accumulating type water heater is realized.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the first heat exchanging structure includes a first heat exchanger installed outdoors to exchange heat with air.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the phase change heat accumulating type water heater has six functional modes.
As a further improvement of the invention, the six functional modes of the phase-change heat accumulating type water heater comprise a heat accumulation mode requiring no water, a single heat accumulation source heat release water supply mode, a heat accumulation source and air source combined water supply mode, a single air source water supply mode, a single heat accumulation source heat release defrosting mode and a single heat accumulation source cooling mode.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the third heat exchange structure includes a heat storage tank, a third heat exchanger provided in the heat storage tank, and a heat storage material filled in the heat storage tank, and an inlet and outlet end of the third heat exchanger is connected to the refrigerant circuit.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the switching assembly includes a four-way valve, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, and a third three-way valve, the four-way valve being disposed on the refrigerant circuit between the compressor and three heat exchange structures, the first three-way valve being disposed on the refrigerant circuit between the four-way valve, the first heat exchange structure, and the third heat exchange structure; the third three-way valve is arranged on the refrigerant loop among the four-way valve, the second heat exchange structure and the third heat exchange structure; the second three-way valve is disposed on the refrigerant circuit between the third heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure, and the third three-way valve.
As a further improvement of the invention, the phase-change heat accumulating type water heater also comprises a first throttling device arranged at one end of the first heat exchange structure and a second throttling device arranged at one end of the second heat exchange structure.
As a further improvement of the invention, the heat storage density of the heat storage material is not less than 160kJ/L, and the phase transition temperature is 20-50 ℃.
As a further improvement of the invention, the pipeline of the third heat exchanger is arranged in a Z shape.
The invention provides a using method for cold and warm supply by using a phase-change heat accumulating type water heater, which comprises the following steps:
step 100: starting the phase-change heat accumulating type water heater, and switching the functional modes according to the needs of users;
Step 200: when the heat storage mode is in a non-water demand heat storage mode, the four-way valve sliding valve moves downwards, the C end and the S end of the four-way valve are communicated, the D end and the E end of the four-way valve are communicated, the first three-way valve is communicated with the first heat exchanger, the second three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, and the third three-way valve is communicated with the second three-way valve; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the end D of the four-way valve, passes through the end E of the four-way valve, the third three-way valve and the second three-way valve, enters the heat storage box, the heat storage material which is heat-sealed in the heat storage box is heated, the heat storage material absorbs heat and the temperature rises, the refrigerant is changed into high-pressure low-temperature liquid after releasing heat, the high-pressure low-temperature liquid enters the first heat exchanger after being throttled and depressurized by the first throttling device, the heat in the air is absorbed and evaporated, and then enters the compressor through the end C and the end S of the first three-way valve and the four-way valve, and one-time heat charging cycle is completed; after the temperature of the heat storage material reaches the target temperature, the whole heat charging process is completed through multiple heat charging cycles;
Step 300: when the four-way valve is in a single heat storage source heat release water supply mode, the four-way valve slide valve moves downwards, the C end and the S end of the four-way valve are communicated, the D end and the E end of the four-way valve are communicated, the first three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, the second three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, and the third three-way valve is communicated with the second heat exchanger; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the end D of the four-way valve, passes through the end E of the four-way valve and the third three-way valve, enters the second heat exchanger, releases heat in the refrigerant, heats cold water to a target temperature for a user to use, and enters the heat storage box through the second three-way valve after being throttled and depressurized through the second throttling device after being condensed and cooled, absorbs heat in the heat storage material to evaporate in the heat storage box, and then enters the compressor through the end C and the end S of the first three-way valve and the four-way valve to complete one heat release cycle; after the temperature of the heat storage material reaches the target temperature, the whole heat release process is completed after a plurality of heat release cycles;
Step 400: when the air source and the heat storage source are in the combined water supply mode, the four-way valve sliding valve moves downwards, the C end and the S end of the four-way valve are communicated, the D end and the E end of the four-way valve are communicated, the first three-way valve is communicated with the first heat exchanger, the second three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, the third three-way valve is communicated with the second heat exchanger, and the first throttling device is opened to the maximum; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the end D of the four-way valve, passes through the end E of the four-way valve and the third three-way valve, enters the second heat exchanger, releases heat in the refrigerant, heats cold water to a target temperature for a user to use, and enters the heat storage tank, the first throttling device and the first heat exchanger sequentially through the second three-way valve after the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the second throttling device after being condensed and cooled, absorbs heat in the heat storage material in the heat storage tank and absorbs heat in air in the first heat exchanger to evaporate, and then enters the compressor through the first three-way valve, the end C of the four-way valve and the end S to complete one heat release cycle; after the temperature of the heat storage material reaches the target temperature, the whole heat release process is completed after a plurality of heat release cycles;
Step 500: when the air source water supply system is in a single air source water supply mode, the four-way valve sliding valve moves downwards, the C end and the S end of the four-way valve are communicated, the D end and the E end of the four-way valve are communicated, the first three-way valve is communicated with the first heat exchanger, the second three-way valve is communicated with the first heat exchanger, the third three-way valve is communicated with the second heat exchanger, and the first throttling device is opened to the maximum; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the end D of the four-way valve, passes through the end E of the four-way valve and the third three-way valve, enters the second heat exchanger, releases heat in the refrigerant, heats cold water to a target temperature for a user to use, and enters the first heat exchanger through the second three-way valve and the first throttling device after the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized through the second throttling device after being condensed and cooled, absorbs heat in air to evaporate in the first heat exchanger, and then enters the compressor through the end C and the end S of the first three-way valve and the four-way valve to complete circulation;
Step 600: when the single heat storage source is in a heat-releasing defrosting mode, the four-way valve slide valve moves upwards, the end E of the four-way valve is communicated with the end S, the end D of the four-way valve is communicated with the end C of the four-way valve, the first three-way valve is communicated with the first heat exchanger, the second three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, and the third three-way valve is communicated with the second three-way valve; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the end D of the four-way valve, passes through the end C of the four-way valve and the first three-way valve, enters the first heat exchanger, releases heat and frosts in the refrigerant, then enters the heat storage box after the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the first throttling device, absorbs heat in the heat storage material in the heat storage box, and then enters the compressor through the end E and the end S of the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve and the four-way valve, so that circulation is completed;
Step 700: when the air conditioner is in a single heat storage source cooling mode, the four-way valve slide valve moves upwards, the end E of the four-way valve is communicated with the end S, the end D of the four-way valve is communicated with the end C of the four-way valve, the first three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, the second three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, and the third three-way valve is communicated with the second heat exchanger; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the four-way valve D end, passes through the four-way valve C end and the first three-way valve, enters the heat storage box, the heat storage material absorbs the heat emitted by the refrigerant therein, then the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger after being throttled and depressurized by the second three-way valve and the second throttling device, absorbs the heat in water to generate cold water suitable for users, and then enters the compressor through the third three-way valve, the four-way valve E end and the S end to complete circulation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The invention provides a phase-change heat accumulating type water heater, which comprises a compressor, a first heat exchange structure for exchanging heat with an external heat source, a second heat exchange structure and a third heat exchange structure for exchanging heat with a user demand end, a refrigerant loop for connecting the compressor and the three heat exchange structures, a switching assembly arranged on the refrigerant loop, and a water loop connected with the second heat exchange structure; the third heat exchange structure has triple functions of condensation, evaporation and heat storage; when the switching component is switched to different states, the flow directions or flow paths of the refrigerants in the refrigerant loop are different, so that the first heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure and the third heat exchange structure participate in the heat exchange process in a mode of one, two or three, and the function switching of the phase change heat accumulating type water heater is realized; the first heat exchange structure comprises a first heat exchanger which is arranged outside and exchanges heat with air, the invention combines the air source heat pump technology with the phase change energy storage technology, the heat in the air is absorbed by the air source heat pump and stored in the heat storage material, when a user has heat demand, the heat stored in the heat storage material is extracted by a refrigerant for the user to use, and the third heat exchange structure, namely the heat storage device, is used as a condenser when being charged with heat and used as an evaporator when being discharged with heat, so that the phase change temperature of the heat storage material can be effectively reduced, the heat charging COP and the release efficiency can be improved, the utilization efficiency of the phase change material can be improved, and the phase change material can release effective heat under the condition of larger supercooling degree; the water heater has six functional modes, namely a plurality of charging and discharging modes, and can be flexible, changeable and energy-saving and suitable for different water use requirements of users.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a logic wiring diagram of a phase change heat accumulating type water heater of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the phase change regenerative water heater of the present invention in a first mode of operation;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the phase change regenerative water heater of the present invention in a second mode of operation;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the phase change regenerative water heater of the present invention in a third mode of operation;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the phase change regenerative water heater of the present invention in a fourth mode of operation;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the phase change regenerative water heater of the present invention in a fifth mode of operation;
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of the phase change regenerative water heater of the present invention in a sixth mode of operation.
1, A compressor; 2. a first three-way valve; 3. a first heat exchanger; 4. a first throttle device; 5. a heat storage tank; 6. a heat storage material; 7. a second three-way valve; 8. a second throttle device; 9. a second heat exchanger; 10. a third three-way valve; 11. a C end; 12. s end; 13. e end; 14. and a D end.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the examples herein, which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims, will be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a phase-change heat accumulating type water heater, which comprises a compressor 1, a first heat exchange structure for exchanging heat with an external heat source, a second heat exchange structure for exchanging heat with a user demand end, a third heat exchange structure, a refrigerant loop for connecting the compressor 1 and the three heat exchange structures, a switching assembly arranged on the refrigerant loop, and a water loop connected with the second heat exchange structure; the third heat exchange structure has triple functions of condensation, evaporation and heat storage; when the switching component is switched to different states, the flow directions or flow paths of the refrigerants in the refrigerant loop are different, so that the first heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure and the third heat exchange structure participate in the heat exchange process in a mode of one, two or three, and the function switching of the phase change heat accumulating type water heater is realized. Again, the external heat source may be an air source, a ground source, or a water source. Hereinafter, an external heat source will be described specifically by taking an air source as an example.
According to the invention, the heat storage material and the water system are mutually separated, so that the problem of potential safety hazard of water caused by leakage of the heat storage material can be effectively prevented. According to the invention, the third heat exchange structure is used as a condenser during heat charging and the third heat exchange structure is used as an evaporator during heat releasing, so that the phase change temperature of the heat storage material can be effectively reduced, and the heat charging COP and heat release efficiency are improved; when releasing heat, the heat storage material in the heat storage box is used as a heat source, and the heat in the material can be extracted at a low heat release temperature, so that the range of the supercooling degree of the material is wider, the material can normally take heat after the cycle performance of the material is attenuated for many times, the utilization efficiency of the phase change material is improved, and the service life of the phase change material is prolonged.
Specifically, the first heat exchange structure includes a first heat exchanger 3 installed outdoors to exchange heat with air.
The air source heat pump absorbs heat in the air and stores the heat in the heat storage material, so that the characteristic of large latent heat of the heat storage material is utilized to store heat in a high-density manner, and the heat storage box is smaller in volume and less in heat loss.
Through controlling the switching assembly, the refrigerant exchanges heat through one, two or three heat exchange structures, so that the phase change heat accumulating type water heater has six functional modes.
Specifically, the six functional modes of the phase-change heat accumulating type water heater comprise a heat accumulation mode requiring no water, a single heat accumulation source heat release water supply mode, a heat accumulation source and air source combined water supply mode, a single air source water supply mode, a single heat accumulation source heat release defrosting mode and a single heat accumulation source cooling mode. Through switching of different modes, heat storage can be realized, meanwhile, cold energy can be provided, and comprehensive utilization of energy is realized; the heat can be provided by the heat storage tank or the air source heat pump alone, and the heat can be provided by the heat storage tank or the air source heat pump in combination.
The heat storage mode of the non-water demand is characterized in that heat in the air is absorbed through the air source heat pump and stored in the heat storage material, the heat storage mode is suitable for the non-water condition of a user, particularly for charging during valley electricity and discharging heat during peak electricity in daytime, and the effects of shifting the peak electricity to fill the valley electricity, reducing the running cost and optimizing the power configuration can be achieved. The heat in the heat storage material is extracted by a single heat storage source heat release water supply mode and released to a user side for use, so that the heat storage material is suitable for the condition that the user has hot water demand, in particular to heat extraction during peak electricity; the heat in the heat storage material is extracted by the heat storage source and air source combined water supply mode and released to the user side for use, so that the heat storage device is suitable for the conditions of large hot water demand on the user side or insufficient heat storage of the heat storage box; the single air source water supply mode is suitable for the situation that the heat in the heat storage box is released completely and the user side has hot water demand; the single heat storage source heat-releasing defrosting mode is suitable for defrosting of the first heat exchanger, and heat in the heat storage box is extracted for defrosting; the single heat storage source cooling mode is suitable for users with cold water demands, extracts heat in water and stores the heat in the heat storage material, and can effectively improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the third heat exchange structure includes a heat storage tank 5, a third heat exchanger provided in the heat storage tank 5, and a heat storage material 6 filled in the heat storage tank 5, and an inlet and outlet end of the third heat exchanger is connected to the refrigerant circuit. The third heat exchanger of the invention has only one inlet pipe and one outlet pipe, only the pipeline of the refrigerant system passes through the heat storage box, the heat charging process and the heat releasing process share a double pipeline system, and the heat charging and releasing processes of the heat storage material exchange heat with the refrigerant, so that the heat exchange area of the heat exchanger can be fully utilized, the heat charging and releasing efficiency in the heat storage box is improved, and the energy efficiency of the system is improved.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the switching assembly includes a four-way valve, which is disposed on the refrigerant circuit between the compressor 1 and the three heat exchange structures, a first three-way valve 2, which is disposed on the refrigerant circuit between the four-way valve, the first heat exchange structure and the third heat exchange structure, a second three-way valve 7 and a third three-way valve 10; the third three-way valve 10 is arranged on the refrigerant loop among the four-way valve, the second heat exchange structure and the third heat exchange structure; the second three-way valve 7 is arranged on the refrigerant circuit between the third heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure and the third three-way valve 10.
Further, the phase-change heat accumulating type water heater further comprises a first throttling device 4 arranged at one end of the first heat exchange structure and a second throttling device 8 arranged at one end of the second heat exchange structure.
In order to improve the energy storage capacity, the volume of the heat storage box 5 is reduced, the heat storage density of the heat storage material 6 is not less than 160kJ/L, and the phase transition temperature is 20-50 ℃. Phase change materials with higher latent heat of phase change or composite phase change materials can be used. According to the invention, the phase change material with higher phase change latent heat is adopted, so that the heat storage density is high, the volume of the heat accumulator is smaller than that of a traditional water tank, and the heat loss is smaller.
In order to further improve the heat exchange effect, the space in the heat storage box 5 is fully utilized, and the pipeline of the third heat exchanger is arranged in a Z shape. By adopting the Z-shaped arrangement, the influence of reheating in the process of charging and discharging can be effectively reduced, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved; the countercurrent mode is adopted for the flow direction of the charging and discharging water, so that the heat exchange temperature difference is reduced, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved.
Further, the third heat exchanger can adopt a fin-tube heat exchanger, a spiral coil heat exchanger and a serpentine tube heat exchanger, and of course, other heat exchangers can also be adopted, the refrigerant is conveyed in the tube, and the heat storage material is encapsulated outside the tube.
The invention provides a using method for cold and warm supply by using a phase-change heat accumulating type water heater, which comprises the following steps:
step 100: starting the phase-change heat accumulating type water heater, and switching the functional modes according to the needs of users;
step 200: as shown in fig. 2, when in the heat storage mode of non-water demand, the four-way valve slide valve moves down, the four-way valve C-terminal 11 and the four-way valve S-terminal 12 are communicated, the four-way valve D-terminal 14 and the four-way valve E-terminal 13 are communicated, the first three-way valve 2 is communicated with the first heat exchanger 3, the second three-way valve 7 is communicated with the third heat exchanger, and the third three-way valve 10 is communicated with the second three-way valve 7; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 enters the four-way valve D end 14, enters the heat storage tank 5 through the four-way valve E end 14, the third three-way valve 10 and the second three-way valve 7, the heat storage material 6 which is thermally sealed in the heat storage tank 5 is heated, the heat storage material 6 absorbs heat and has high temperature and temperature, the refrigerant turns into high pressure and low temperature liquid after releasing heat, the high pressure and low temperature liquid is throttled and depressurized by the first throttling device 4, then enters the first heat exchanger 3, absorbs the heat in the air and evaporates in the first heat exchanger, and then enters the compressor 1 through the first three-way valve 2, the four-way valve C end 11 and the four-way valve S end 12, so that one-time heat charging cycle is completed; after the temperature of the heat storage material 6 reaches the target temperature (a certain value higher than the phase change temperature) through multiple heat charging cycles, the whole heat charging process is completed;
Step 300: as shown in fig. 3, when in the single heat storage source heat release water supply mode, the four-way valve slide valve moves downwards, the four-way valve C end 11 and the four-way valve S end 12 are communicated, the four-way valve D end 14 and the four-way valve E end 13 are communicated, the first three-way valve 2 is communicated with the third heat exchanger, the second three-way valve 7 is communicated with the third heat exchanger, and the third three-way valve 10 is communicated with the second heat exchanger 9; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 enters a four-way valve D end 14, passes through a four-way valve E end 13 and a third three-way valve 10, enters a second heat exchanger 9, releases heat in the refrigerant, heats cold water to a target temperature for a user to use, and enters a heat storage tank 5 through a second three-way valve 7 after being throttled and depressurized by a second throttling device 8 after being condensed and cooled, absorbs heat in a heat storage material 6 to evaporate in the heat storage tank, and then enters the compressor 1 through a first three-way valve 2, a four-way valve C end 11 and an S end 12 to complete one heat release cycle; after a plurality of exothermic cycles, completing the whole exothermic process after the temperature of the heat storage material reaches the target temperature (a certain value lower than the phase transition temperature);
Step 400: as shown in fig. 4, when in the combined heat and air source water supply mode, the four-way valve slide valve moves down, the four-way valve C-end 11 and S-end 12 are communicated, the four-way valve D-end 14 and E-end 13 are communicated, the first three-way valve 2 is communicated with the first heat exchanger 3, the second three-way valve 7 is communicated with the third heat exchanger, the third three-way valve 10 is communicated with the second heat exchanger 9, and the first throttle device 4 is opened to the maximum; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 enters a four-way valve D end 14, passes through a four-way valve E end 13 and a third three-way valve 10, enters a second heat exchanger 9, releases heat in the refrigerant, heats cold water to a target temperature for a user, throttles and reduces pressure through a second throttling device 8 after condensing and cooling, sequentially enters a heat storage tank 5, a first throttling device 4 and a first heat exchanger 3 through a second three-way valve 7, absorbs heat in a heat storage material 6 in the heat storage tank 5, absorbs heat in air in the first heat exchanger 3 and evaporates, and then enters the compressor 1 through a first three-way valve 2, a four-way valve C end 11 and an S end 12 to complete one heat release cycle; after a plurality of exothermic cycles, when the temperature of the heat storage material 6 reaches the target temperature (a certain value lower than the phase transition temperature), the whole exothermic process is completed;
step 500: as shown in fig. 5, when in the single air source water supply mode, the four-way valve slide valve moves down, the four-way valve C-terminal 11 and S-terminal 12 are communicated, the four-way valve D-terminal 14 and E-terminal 13 are communicated, the first three-way valve 2 is communicated with the first heat exchanger 3, the second three-way valve 7 is communicated with the first heat exchanger 3, the third three-way valve 10 is communicated with the second heat exchanger 9, and the first throttling device 4 is opened to the maximum; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 enters a four-way valve D end 14, passes through a four-way valve E end 13 and a third three-way valve 10, enters a second heat exchanger 9, releases heat in the refrigerant, heats cold water to a target temperature for a user to use, and enters the first heat exchanger 3 through a second three-way valve 7 and a first throttling device 4 after being throttled and depressurized by a second throttling device 8 after being condensed and cooled, absorbs heat in the air to evaporate in the refrigerant, and then enters the compressor 1 through a first three-way valve 2, a four-way valve C end 11 and a four-way valve S end 12 to complete circulation;
Step 600: as shown in fig. 6, when in the single heat storage source heat-releasing defrosting mode, the four-way valve slide valve moves upwards, the four-way valve E end 13 is communicated with the four-way valve S end 12, the four-way valve D end 14 is communicated with the four-way valve C end 11, the first three-way valve 2 is communicated with the first heat exchanger 3, the second three-way valve 7 is communicated with the third heat exchanger, and the third three-way valve 10 is communicated with the second three-way valve 7; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 enters a four-way valve D end 14, passes through a four-way valve C end 11 and a first three-way valve 2, enters a first heat exchanger 3, releases heat and frosts in the refrigerant, then enters a heat storage tank 5 after being throttled and depressurized by a first throttling device 4, absorbs heat in a heat storage material 6 in the heat storage tank, and then enters the compressor 1 through a second three-way valve 7, a third three-way valve 10, four-way valve E ends 13 and S ends 12 to complete circulation;
Step 700: as shown in fig. 7, when in the single heat storage source cooling mode, the four-way valve slide valve moves upwards, the four-way valve E end 13 and the four-way valve S end 12 are communicated, the four-way valve D end 14 and the four-way valve C end 11 are communicated, the first three-way valve 2 is communicated with the third heat exchanger, the second three-way valve 7 is communicated with the third heat exchanger, and the third three-way valve 10 is communicated with the second heat exchanger 9; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 enters the four-way valve D end 14, passes through the four-way valve C end 11 and the first three-way valve 2, enters the heat storage tank 5, the heat storage material 6 absorbs the heat emitted by the refrigerant, then the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 9 after being throttled and depressurized by the second three-way valve 7 and the second throttling device 8, absorbs the heat in water to generate cold water suitable for users, and then enters the compressor 1 through the third three-way valve 10, the four-way valve E end 13 and the four-way valve S end 12, so that the circulation is completed.
The invention provides a phase-change heat accumulating type water heater, which comprises a compressor, a first heat exchange structure for exchanging heat with an external heat source, a second heat exchange structure and a third heat exchange structure for exchanging heat with a user demand end, a refrigerant loop for connecting the compressor and the three heat exchange structures, a switching assembly arranged on the refrigerant loop, and a water loop connected with the second heat exchange structure; the third heat exchange structure has triple functions of condensation, evaporation and heat storage; when the switching component is switched to different states, the flow directions or flow paths of the refrigerants in the refrigerant loop are different, so that the first heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure and the third heat exchange structure participate in the heat exchange process in a mode of one, two or three, and the function switching of the phase change heat accumulating type water heater is realized; the first heat exchange structure comprises a first heat exchanger which is arranged outside and exchanges heat with air, the invention combines the air source heat pump technology with the phase change energy storage technology, the heat in the air is absorbed by the air source heat pump and stored in the heat storage material, when a user has heat demand, the heat stored in the heat storage material is extracted by a refrigerant for the user to use, and the second heat exchange structure of the invention, namely the heat storage device is used as a condenser when being charged with heat and used as an evaporator when being discharged with heat, thereby effectively reducing the phase change temperature of the heat storage material, improving the heat charging COP and the release efficiency, improving the utilization efficiency of the phase change material and enabling the phase change material to release effective heat under the condition of larger supercooling degree; the water heater has six functional modes, namely a plurality of charging and discharging modes, and can be flexible, changeable and energy-saving and suitable for different water use requirements of users.
Here, first, the "inward" is a direction toward the center of the accommodating space, and the "outward" is a direction away from the center of the accommodating space.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in fig. 1 are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The application method of the phase-change heat accumulating type water heater is characterized in that the phase-change heat accumulating type water heater comprises a compressor, a first heat exchange structure for exchanging heat with an external heat source, a second heat exchange structure for exchanging heat with a user demand end, a third heat exchange structure, a refrigerant loop for connecting the compressor and the three heat exchange structures, a switching assembly arranged on the refrigerant loop and a water loop connected with the second heat exchange structure; the third heat exchange structure has triple functions of condensation, evaporation and heat storage; when the switching component is switched to different states, the flow directions or flow paths of the refrigerants in the refrigerant loop are different, so that the first heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure and the third heat exchange structure participate in the heat exchange process in a mode of one, two or three, and the function switching of the phase change heat accumulating type water heater is realized;
The application method for cooling and heating supply by using the phase-change heat accumulating type water heater comprises the following steps:
step 100: starting the phase-change heat accumulating type water heater, and switching the functional modes according to the needs of users;
Step 200: when the heat storage mode is in a non-water demand heat storage mode, the four-way valve sliding valve moves downwards, the C end and the S end of the four-way valve are communicated, the D end and the E end of the four-way valve are communicated, the first three-way valve is communicated with the first heat exchanger, the second three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, and the third three-way valve is communicated with the second three-way valve; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the end D of the four-way valve, passes through the end E of the four-way valve, the third three-way valve and the second three-way valve, enters the heat storage box, the heat storage material which is heat-sealed in the heat storage box is heated, the heat storage material absorbs heat and the temperature rises, the refrigerant is changed into high-pressure low-temperature liquid after releasing heat, the high-pressure low-temperature liquid enters the first heat exchanger after being throttled and depressurized by the first throttling device, the heat in the air is absorbed and evaporated, and then enters the compressor through the end C and the end S of the first three-way valve and the four-way valve, and one-time heat charging cycle is completed; after the temperature of the heat storage material reaches the target temperature, the whole heat charging process is completed through multiple heat charging cycles;
Step 300: when the four-way valve is in a single heat storage source heat release water supply mode, the four-way valve slide valve moves downwards, the C end and the S end of the four-way valve are communicated, the D end and the E end of the four-way valve are communicated, the first three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, the second three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, and the third three-way valve is communicated with the second heat exchanger; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the end D of the four-way valve, passes through the end E of the four-way valve and the third three-way valve, enters the second heat exchanger, releases heat in the refrigerant, heats cold water to a target temperature for a user to use, and enters the heat storage box through the second three-way valve after being throttled and depressurized through the second throttling device after being condensed and cooled, absorbs heat in the heat storage material to evaporate in the heat storage box, and then enters the compressor through the end C and the end S of the first three-way valve and the four-way valve to complete one heat release cycle; after the temperature of the heat storage material reaches the target temperature, the whole heat release process is completed after a plurality of heat release cycles;
Step 400: when the air source and the heat storage source are in the combined water supply mode, the four-way valve sliding valve moves downwards, the C end and the S end of the four-way valve are communicated, the D end and the E end of the four-way valve are communicated, the first three-way valve is communicated with the first heat exchanger, the second three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, the third three-way valve is communicated with the second heat exchanger, and the first throttling device is opened to the maximum; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the end D of the four-way valve, passes through the end E of the four-way valve and the third three-way valve, enters the second heat exchanger, releases heat in the refrigerant, heats cold water to a target temperature for a user to use, and enters the heat storage tank, the first throttling device and the first heat exchanger sequentially through the second three-way valve after the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the second throttling device after being condensed and cooled, absorbs heat in the heat storage material in the heat storage tank and absorbs heat in air in the first heat exchanger to evaporate, and then enters the compressor through the first three-way valve, the end C of the four-way valve and the end S to complete one heat release cycle; after the temperature of the heat storage material reaches the target temperature, the whole heat release process is completed after a plurality of heat release cycles;
Step 500: when the air source water supply system is in a single air source water supply mode, the four-way valve sliding valve moves downwards, the C end and the S end of the four-way valve are communicated, the D end and the E end of the four-way valve are communicated, the first three-way valve is communicated with the first heat exchanger, the second three-way valve is communicated with the first heat exchanger, the third three-way valve is communicated with the second heat exchanger, and the first throttling device is opened to the maximum; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the end D of the four-way valve, passes through the end E of the four-way valve and the third three-way valve, enters the second heat exchanger, releases heat in the refrigerant, heats cold water to a target temperature for a user to use, and enters the first heat exchanger through the second three-way valve and the first throttling device after the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized through the second throttling device after being condensed and cooled, absorbs heat in air to evaporate in the first heat exchanger, and then enters the compressor through the end C and the end S of the first three-way valve and the four-way valve to complete circulation;
Step 600: when the single heat storage source is in a heat-releasing defrosting mode, the four-way valve slide valve moves upwards, the end E of the four-way valve is communicated with the end S, the end D of the four-way valve is communicated with the end C of the four-way valve, the first three-way valve is communicated with the first heat exchanger, the second three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, and the third three-way valve is communicated with the second three-way valve; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the end D of the four-way valve, passes through the end C of the four-way valve and the first three-way valve, enters the first heat exchanger, releases heat and frosts in the refrigerant, then enters the heat storage box after the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the first throttling device, absorbs heat in the heat storage material in the heat storage box, and then enters the compressor through the end E and the end S of the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve and the four-way valve, so that circulation is completed;
Step 700: when the air conditioner is in a single heat storage source cooling mode, the four-way valve slide valve moves upwards, the end E of the four-way valve is communicated with the end S, the end D of the four-way valve is communicated with the end C of the four-way valve, the first three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, the second three-way valve is communicated with the third heat exchanger, and the third three-way valve is communicated with the second heat exchanger; the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the four-way valve D end, passes through the four-way valve C end and the first three-way valve, enters the heat storage box, the heat storage material absorbs the heat emitted by the refrigerant therein, then the refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger after being throttled and depressurized by the second three-way valve and the second throttling device, absorbs the heat in water to generate cold water suitable for users, and then enters the compressor through the third three-way valve, the four-way valve E end and the S end to complete circulation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first heat exchange structure comprises a first heat exchanger installed outdoors to exchange heat with air.
3. The method of using a phase change regenerative water heater as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the phase change regenerative water heater has six functional modes.
4. A method of using a phase change heat accumulating type water heater according to claim 3, wherein the six functional modes of the phase change heat accumulating type water heater include a heat accumulating mode without water demand, a single heat accumulating source heat releasing water supply mode, a heat accumulating source and air source combined water supply mode, a single air source water supply mode, a single heat accumulating source heat releasing defrosting mode and a single heat accumulating source cooling mode.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the third heat exchange structure comprises a heat storage tank, a third heat exchanger disposed in the heat storage tank, and a heat storage material filled in the heat storage tank, and an inlet and outlet end of the third heat exchanger is connected with the refrigerant circuit.
6. The method of using a phase change regenerative water heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switching assembly comprises a four-way valve, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve and a third three-way valve, the four-way valve being disposed on the refrigerant circuit between the compressor and three heat exchange structures, the first three-way valve being disposed on the refrigerant circuit between the four-way valve, the first heat exchange structure and the third heat exchange structure; the third three-way valve is arranged on the refrigerant loop among the four-way valve, the second heat exchange structure and the third heat exchange structure; the second three-way valve is disposed on the refrigerant circuit between the third heat exchange structure, the second heat exchange structure, and the third three-way valve.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising a first throttling device disposed at one end of the first heat exchange structure and a second throttling device disposed at one end of the second heat exchange structure.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the heat storage density of the heat storage material is not less than 160kJ/L, and the phase change temperature is 20-50 ℃.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the third heat exchanger has a zigzag arrangement of pipes.
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