CN112081932A - Bypass valve - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fluid control devices, and discloses a bypass valve.A valve cage assembly is arranged at the bottom of a valve seat, a columnar channel is formed by a flow equalizing cover and the inner side wall of the valve cage assembly, a valve core assembly capable of sliding in a reciprocating manner is arranged in a matching manner, a sieve plate is arranged at the bottom of the valve cage assembly, and an atomizing assembly is arranged at the position of the sieve plate, which corresponds to a middle channel of the valve cage assembly; the valve rod is arranged at the top of the valve element assembly, one end, far away from the valve element assembly, of the valve rod penetrates out of the valve cover and extends out of the valve body, high-temperature and high-pressure steam is reduced in the valve cage step by step, the atomizing assembly is arranged in the middle of the sieve plate to achieve rapid cooling, the cavitation and flash evaporation phenomena can be avoided while the effect of reducing the pressure and the temperature is guaranteed, the service life is prolonged, and the valve plate is durable and has great popularization value and wide application prospect.

Description

Bypass valve

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fluid control devices, in particular to a bypass valve.

Background

In a thermal system of a thermal power generating unit, a steam turbine bypass system becomes an important component of the thermal system of an intermediate reheating unit, and when the operation working conditions of a boiler and a steam turbine are not matched, the difference value between the steam quantity produced by the boiler and the steam quantity required by the steam turbine can be directly introduced into a condenser after pressure reduction and temperature reduction of a bypass without entering the steam turbine. The bypass system of the intermediate reheating unit is an important adjusting and protecting system when the unit type unit is started or stopped or under accident conditions, and although the investment is increased due to the arrangement of the bypass system, the bypass system can compensate the advantages of protecting a reheater, shortening the starting time, reducing the starting heat loss, increasing the flexibility of unit operation, prolonging the service life of the unit and the like. The bypass system mainly comprises a valve and a control device, and the connection type, function selection, capacity size and the like of the bypass system have great influence on the operation of the unit.

The most widely used at present is a two-stage series bypass system, the high-pressure bypass system consists of a high-pressure bypass valve, a water spray regulating valve and a water spray isolation valve, and the temperature-reducing water comes from the outlet of a boiler water supply pump; the low-pressure bypass system consists of a low-pressure bypass valve, a water spraying regulating valve and a water spraying isolation valve, and the temperature-reducing water comes from the outlet of the condensate pump.

When the turbine bypass valve works, the turbine bypass valve is required to bear considerable internal pressure, and is also required to bear thermal shock and thermal load caused by severe temperature change in a short time due to the change of working conditions and the action of water spraying temperature reduction, but the existing bypass valve cannot bear larger pressure drop due to unreasonable structure, and is insufficient in temperature reduction, so that the loss of parts is large, and the service life is short.

Therefore, a bypass valve with a compact structure, significant pressure and temperature reduction effects, flexible operation, and durability is needed in the technical field of fluid control devices.

Disclosure of Invention

The bypass valve overcomes the defects of the prior art, and is exquisite in structure, remarkable in pressure reduction and temperature reduction effects, flexible in action and durable.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a bypass valve comprises a valve body, wherein a valve cavity which is through along the axial direction is arranged in the middle of the valve body, an injection hole which is communicated with the valve cavity is formed in the upper portion of the side wall of the valve body, a flow equalizing cover is arranged at the position, corresponding to the injection hole, of the valve cavity, a valve seat is arranged at the bottom of the flow equalizing cover, a valve cover is arranged at the top of the flow equalizing cover, and one end, away from the flow equalizing cover; the bottom of the valve seat is provided with a valve cage assembly, the flow equalizing cover and the inner side wall of the valve cage assembly form a cylindrical channel and are matched with a valve core assembly capable of sliding in a reciprocating mode, the bottom of the valve cage assembly is provided with a sieve plate, and an atomizing assembly is arranged at the position, corresponding to the middle channel of the valve cage assembly, of the sieve plate; the valve comprises a valve body and a valve core assembly, wherein the valve core assembly is arranged in the valve body, one end, far away from the.

Furthermore, the flow equalizing cover comprises a cylindrical cover body with openings at two ends, a plurality of flow equalizing holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the lower part of the side wall of the cover body, and the flow equalizing holes comprise a plurality of layers which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction and a plurality of rows which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the top of the outer side wall of the cover body is provided with an outer convex shoulder, and a plurality of connecting holes for fixedly connecting with the valve cover are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the outer convex shoulder.

Furthermore, an inner shoulder is arranged in the middle of the inner side wall of the flow equalizing cover, a bushing is arranged on the top surface of the inner shoulder, the outer side wall of the bushing is tightly attached to the inner side wall of the flow equalizing cover, and the inner side wall of the bushing is matched with the valve core assembly.

Further, the valve cage subassembly includes a plurality of orderly nested cage boards, each the cage board all is both ends open-ended cylindric, each a plurality of cage holes of lateral wall circumference equipartition of cage board, the cage hole includes the multilayer along the axial equipartition and follows the multiseriate of circumference equipartition.

Furthermore, be located the inboard the lateral wall of cage board is equipped with the annular that circumference extends, each the cage hole site is located the tank bottom of annular, the notch of annular and the laminating of adjacent cage board inside wall and form the ring chamber that flow equalizes that circumference extends.

Further, be located each inboard the lateral wall top of cage board is equipped with protruding edge, is located the outside the position that the cage board corresponds protruding edge is equipped with the adaptation and lets the concave circle, the outermost the lateral wall top of cage board is equipped with the flange, the top of flange be equipped with the cavity of disk seat adaptation.

Further, first seal assembly is including being located the first gland packing between valve body upper end opening and the valve gap lateral wall, the top of first gland packing is equipped with split pressure material ring, split pressure material ring is outer along stretching into the snap ring chamber of seting up on the valve body inside wall, split pressure material intra-annular edge is equipped with props the ring, prop ring lower part lateral wall and prop ring inside wall adaptation, prop ring upper portion lateral wall and valve body inside wall adaptation, prop ring inside wall and valve gap adaptation, prop a plurality of first pressure material bolts of circumference equipartition on the ring terminal surface.

Furthermore, the second sealing assembly comprises a second sealing filler located between the valve rod and the inner side wall of the valve cover, a material pressing ring is arranged at the top of the second sealing filler, a pressing plate is arranged at the top of the material pressing ring, and the pressing plate is connected with the valve cover through a plurality of second material pressing bolts.

Further, atomizing component includes and radially extends and wears out the cooling passageway of valve body lateral wall along the sieve, the sieve corresponds the position of valve cage subassembly middle part passageway lower extreme and is equipped with the atomizing nozzle that can dismantle the connection, the position diameter that the atomizing nozzle lateral wall corresponds the cooling passageway reduces and forms the cooling ring chamber, a plurality of cooling spouts of cooling ring chamber lateral wall circumference equipartition.

Furthermore, the valve core assembly comprises a main valve core matched with the inner side wall of the valve cage assembly and/or the inner side wall of the flow equalizing cover, a containing cavity is arranged in the middle of the top of the main valve core, an auxiliary valve core is arranged in the containing cavity, a pressure equalizing hole extending along the direction of the central axis is formed in the bottom of the containing cavity, the lower end of the auxiliary valve core is hermetically connected with the top end of the pressure equalizing hole, the top of the auxiliary valve core is connected with the valve rod, and the auxiliary valve core can ascend or descend before the main valve core.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

the bottom of the valve seat is provided with a valve cage assembly, a flow equalizing cover and the inner side wall of the valve cage assembly form a cylindrical channel and are matched with a valve core assembly capable of sliding in a reciprocating mode, the bottom of the valve cage assembly is provided with a sieve plate, and an atomizing assembly is arranged at the position, corresponding to the middle channel of the valve cage assembly, of the sieve plate; the valve rod is arranged at the top of the valve element assembly, one end, far away from the valve element assembly, of the valve rod penetrates out of the valve cover and extends out of the valve body, high-temperature and high-pressure steam is reduced in the valve cage step by step, the atomizing assembly is arranged in the middle of the sieve plate to achieve rapid cooling, the cavitation and flash evaporation phenomena can be avoided while the effect of reducing the pressure and the temperature is guaranteed, the service life is prolonged, and the valve plate is durable and has great popularization value and wide application prospect.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken at A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at B according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cutaway schematic view of the valve cartridge assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cutaway schematic view of the secondary spool of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cutaway schematic view of a flow straightener of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cutaway schematic view of the cage assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cutaway schematic view of a one-stage valve cage of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a cutaway schematic view of the two-stage valve cage of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-stage valve cage of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the four-stage valve cage of the present invention.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

11-upper valve body, 12-lower valve body, 13-injection pipe joint, 14-cooling pipe joint, 15-valve front cavity, 16-flow equalizing cavity, 17-valve rear cavity, 18-tail cavity, 19-flow equalizing cover, 2-valve seat, 3-valve cover, 4-auxiliary valve core, 41-auxiliary core body, 42-valve rod cavity, 43-pin hole, 44-pin rod, 45-clamp spring cavity, 46-pressure equalizing groove, 47-first sealing ring, 48-spring, 49-limit ring, 5-main valve core, 51-main valve core, 52-main valve hole, 53-first sealing ring, 54-sealing groove, 55-pressing ring, 56-pressure equalizing hole, 57-second sealing ring, 6-valve cage component, 61-primary valve cage, 611-primary cage plate, 612-first-stage ring cavity, 613-first-stage cage hole, 614-first-stage positioning hole, 62-second-stage valve cage, 621-second-stage cage plate, 622-second-stage ring cavity, 623-second-stage cage hole, 624-second-stage positioning hole, 63-third-stage valve cage, 631-third-stage cage plate, 632-third-stage ring cavity, 633-third-stage cage hole, 634-third-stage positioning hole, 64-fourth-stage valve cage, 641-fourth-stage cage plate, 643-fourth-stage cage hole, 644-fourth-stage positioning hole, 645-flange, 7-first sealing assembly, 71-first sealing filler, 72-split pressing ring, 73-bracing ring, 74-first pressing bolt, 8-second sealing assembly, 81-second sealing filler, 82-pressing ring, 83-pressing plate, 84-second pressing bolt, 9-an atomization component, 91-a cooling channel, 92-an atomization nozzle, 93-a cooling ring cavity, 94-a cooling nozzle, 95-a high-temperature channel, 96-a high-temperature nozzle and 97-a buckling ring.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.

A bypass valve comprises a valve body, wherein a valve cavity which is through along the axial direction is arranged in the middle of the valve body, an injection port which is communicated with the valve cavity is arranged on the upper portion of the side wall of the valve body, a flow equalizing cover 19 is arranged at the position, corresponding to the injection port, of the valve cavity, a valve seat 2 is arranged at the bottom of the flow equalizing cover 19, a valve cover 3 is arranged at the top of the flow equalizing cover 19, and one end, far away; the bottom of the valve seat 2 is provided with a valve cage assembly 6, the flow equalizing cover 19 and the inner side wall of the valve cage assembly 6 form a cylindrical channel and are matched with a valve core assembly capable of sliding in a reciprocating mode, the bottom of the valve cage assembly 6 is provided with a sieve plate, and an atomizing assembly 9 is arranged at the position, corresponding to the middle channel of the valve cage assembly 6, of the sieve plate; the valve core assembly top is equipped with the valve rod, and the valve rod is kept away from case subassembly one end and is worn out the valve gap 3 and extend to outside the valve body, is equipped with first seal assembly 7 between 3 lateral walls of valve gap and the valve body inside wall, is equipped with second seal assembly 8 between 3 inside walls of valve gap and the valve rod. It can be understood that the inner side surface of the flow equalizing cover 19, the bottom surface of the valve cover 3 and the top surface of the valve core assembly define a valve front cavity 15, the outer side wall of the flow equalizing cover 19 and the inner side wall of the valve cavity define a flow equalizing cavity 16, the outer side wall of the valve cage assembly 6 and the inner side wall of the valve cavity define a valve rear cavity 17, and the bottom surface of the sieve plate and the inner side wall of the valve cavity define a tail; for the convenience of processing, divide into valve body 11 and lower valve body 12 with the valve body in the valve rear chamber 17 lateral wall lower part, go up the valve body 11 and be equipped with the injection coupling 13 that is used for realizing that high temperature steam lets in the valve body in the position that corresponds valve front chamber 15, and the position that lower valve body 12 corresponds atomizing subassembly 9 is equipped with the cooling coupling 14 that is used for realizing that cooling water lets in atomizing subassembly 9.

Further, the flow equalizing cover 19 comprises a cylindrical cover body with openings at two ends, a plurality of flow equalizing holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the lower part of the side wall of the cover body, and the flow equalizing holes comprise a plurality of layers which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction and a plurality of rows which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the top of the outer side wall of the cover body is provided with an outer convex shoulder, and a plurality of connecting holes for fixedly connecting with the valve cover 3 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the outer convex shoulder. It can be understood that the flow equalizing holes in multiple rows axially and uniformly distributed on the flow equalizing cover 19 can promote the fluid to pass through as soon as possible, so as to ensure better uniform dispersion effect, and the flow equalizing holes in multiple rows circumferentially and uniformly distributed can realize uniform stress distribution, thereby ensuring the stability of parts and avoiding vibration and noise.

Further, the middle part of the inner side wall of the flow equalizing cover 19 is provided with an inner shoulder, the top surface of the inner shoulder is provided with a bushing, the outer side wall of the bushing is tightly attached to the inner side wall of the flow equalizing cover 19, and the inner side wall of the bushing is matched with the valve core assembly. It can be understood that, in the working process, the main valve core 5 would rub against the flow equalizing cover 19, and the arrangement of the bush can prolong the service life of the main valve core 5 and the flow equalizing cover 19, and is more convenient when parts are replaced.

Further, the valve cage assembly 6 comprises a plurality of orderly nested cage plates, each cage plate is cylindrical, two ends of each cage plate are open, a plurality of cage holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the side wall of each cage plate, and the cage holes comprise a plurality of layers which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction and a plurality of columns which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction. Furthermore, the outer side wall of the cage plate positioned on the inner side is provided with a circumferential extending ring groove, each cage hole is positioned at the groove bottom of the ring groove, and the notch of the ring groove is attached to the inner side wall of the adjacent cage plate to form a circumferential extending flow equalizing ring cavity. It can be understood that the provision of the annular grooves and the formation of the flow equalizing ring cavities allows the fluid in each stage of the cage plates to be distributed uniformly. As shown in fig. 7 to 11, four levels of valve cages are arranged, namely a first-level valve cage 61, a second-level valve cage 62, a third-level valve cage 63 and a fourth-level valve cage 64 from inside to outside; the primary valve cage 61 takes a primary cage plate 611 as a main body, a primary cage hole 613 is formed in the primary cage plate 611, and a primary annular cavity 612 is formed in the position, corresponding to the primary cage hole 613, of the outer side wall of the primary cage plate 611; the secondary valve cage 62 takes a secondary cage plate 621 as a main body, a secondary cage hole 623 is formed in the secondary cage plate 621, and a secondary annular cavity 622 is formed in the outer side wall of the secondary cage plate 621 corresponding to the secondary cage hole 623; the third-stage valve cage 63 takes a third-stage cage plate 631 as a main body, a third-stage cage hole 633 is formed in the third-stage cage plate 631, and a third-stage annular cavity 632 is formed in the position, corresponding to the third-stage cage hole 633, of the outer side wall of the third-stage cage plate 631; the four-stage valve cage 64 is mainly composed of a four-stage cage plate 641, and a four-stage cage hole 643 is formed in the four-stage cage plate 641. In addition, in order to achieve a better pressure reduction effect, the first-stage cage holes 613, the second-stage cage holes 623, the third-stage cage holes 633 and the fourth-stage cage holes 643 are respectively staggered, so that the first-stage positioning holes 614, the second-stage positioning holes 624, the third-stage positioning holes 634 and the fourth-stage positioning holes 644 are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the cage plates of each stage.

Further, the top of the outer side wall of each cage plate located on the inner side is provided with a convex edge, the position, corresponding to the convex edge, of each cage plate located on the outer side is provided with an adaptation abdicating concave ring, the top of the outer side wall of the outermost cage plate is provided with a flange 645, and the top of the flange 645 is provided with a cavity matched with the valve seat 2. It will be appreciated that the provision of the male rim and the offset female ring provides for axial positioning, and that the provision of the flange 645 on the top of the outermost cage plate facilitates mating with the upper valve body 11 and overlying of the valve seat 2 to provide for axial positioning of the cage assembly 6.

Further, first seal assembly 7 is including being located the first sealing packing 71 between valve body upper end opening and the 3 lateral walls of valve gap, the top of first sealing packing 71 is equipped with split pressure material ring 72, split pressure material ring 72 is outer along stretching into the snap ring chamber of seting up on the valve body inside wall, split pressure material ring 72 is interior along being equipped with bracer 73, bracer 73 lower part lateral wall and bracer 73 inside wall adaptation, bracer 73 upper portion lateral wall and valve body inside wall adaptation, bracer 73 inside wall and valve gap 3 adaptation, a plurality of first pressure material bolts 74 of circumference equipartition on the bracer 73 terminal surface. Furthermore, the second sealing assembly 8 comprises a second sealing filler 81 located between the valve rod and the inner side wall of the valve cover 3, a material pressing ring 82 is arranged at the top of the second sealing filler 81, a pressing plate 83 is arranged at the top of the material pressing ring 82, and the pressing plate 83 is connected with the valve cover 3 through a plurality of second material pressing bolts 84. It can be understood that the smart application of the split pressing ring 72 can realize the compression of the first sealing packing 71 by using the self structure of the upper valve body 11, and the position of the side wall of the upper valve body 11 corresponding to each split pressing ring is provided with a top hole extending radially, so that the split pressing ring 72 can be detached and replaced; the pressing plate 83 and the second pressing bolt 84 are arranged to press the second sealing packing 81, so that sealing between the valve rod and the valve cover 3 is realized.

Further, atomizing component 9 includes radially extending and wearing out the cooling passageway 91 of valve body lateral wall along the sieve, and the sieve corresponds the position of 6 middle part passageways lower extremes of valve cage subassembly and is equipped with atomizing nozzle 92 that can dismantle the connection, and atomizing nozzle 92 lateral wall corresponds the position diameter of cooling passageway 91 and reduces and form cooling ring chamber 93, a plurality of cooling spouts 94 of cooling ring chamber 93 lateral wall circumference equipartition. It can be understood that, atomization component 9 includes along sieve axial extension and wears out valve body lateral wall's cooling passageway 91, the sieve corresponds the position of 6 middle part passageway lower extremes of valve cage subassembly and is equipped with atomizing nozzle 92 that can dismantle the connection, 92 inside wall middle parts of atomizing nozzle neck-down and constitute horn mouth shape passageway, the position diameter that 92 lateral wall of atomizing nozzle corresponds cooling passageway 91 reduces and forms cooling ring chamber 93, a plurality of cooling spouts 94 of cooling ring chamber 93 lateral wall circumference equipartition, cooling spout 94 includes the multilayer along axial equipartition and the multiseriate along circumference equipartition, atomizing nozzle 92 periphery is equipped with the high temperature channel 95 of a plurality of circumference equipartitions, 95 lower extremes of each high temperature channel are towards atomizing nozzle 92 lateral wall, atomizing nozzle 92 corresponds the position of high temperature channel 95 and is equipped with high temperature spout 96, 92 lateral wall upper portion is equipped with withholding ring 97, withholding ring 97 corresponds the position of high. Atomizing nozzle 92 makes the temperature reduction water of injection effectively mix with steam, reach rapid cooling's purpose, utilize steam pressure drop to make the air current accelerate, the length of cooling spout 94 is shorter and the speed of flow is higher, the heat exchange of steam and valve body can be ignored, can regard as the constant entropy of ideal to flow, the material stability of valve body has been improved, after steam flows through the throat of nozzle core horn mouth, the velocity of flow increases to being greater than the sound velocity, the steam of high-speed flow makes the temperature reduction water atomizing in the twinkling of an eye, the atomizing region is being in valve lower part cavity, the even and distribution of atomizing is especially even, thereby realize rapid cooling.

Furthermore, the valve core assembly comprises a main valve core 5 matched with the inner side wall of the valve cage assembly 6 and/or the inner side wall of the flow equalizing cover 19, a containing cavity is arranged in the middle of the top of the main valve core 5, an auxiliary valve core 4 is arranged in the containing cavity, a pressure equalizing hole 56 extending along the direction of the central axis is arranged at the bottom of the containing cavity, the lower end of the auxiliary valve core 4 is hermetically connected with the top end of the pressure equalizing hole 56, the top of the auxiliary valve core 4 is connected with the valve rod, and the auxiliary valve core 4 can ascend or descend in advance of. It can be understood that, the case subassembly includes the main valve element 5 with the inside wall of cage subassembly 6 and/or the inside wall adaptation of the cover 19 that flow equalizes, a plurality of main valve holes 52 of 5 outside wall circumference equipartitions of main valve element, main valve hole 52 includes the multilayer of along the axial equipartition and the multiseriate along circumference equipartition, main valve element 5 middle part is equipped with pressure-equalizing hole 56, pressure-equalizing hole 56 top is equipped with the cylindrical cavity, be equipped with vice case 4 in the cylindrical cavity, vice case 4 includes the vice core 41 of step shaft shape that middle part diameter is big, both ends diameter is little, vice core 41 lower extreme lateral surface is equipped with spring 48, spring 48 elasticity can realize that vice case 4 rises or descends in advance main valve. When the valve is opened, the auxiliary valve core 4 is opened preferentially under the double stress of the spring 48 and the valve rod, the balance of the pressure before the valve and the pressure after the valve is quickly realized, and the valve can be opened by the valve rod only by providing a small force; when the valve is closed, the main valve core 5 is closed preferentially to realize rapid valve closing, then the auxiliary valve core 4 is closed to realize complete sealing of the valve, the main valve core 5 realizes sealing under the action of front-back pressure difference, self gravity and valve rod thrust, and complete sealing can be realized only by very small thrust when the auxiliary valve core 4 is closed.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

It will be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention, and do not indicate or imply that the components or mechanisms so referred to must be in a particular orientation, constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be considered as limiting the invention.

The above embodiments are provided to further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, it should be understood that the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A bypass valve comprises a valve body and is characterized in that a valve cavity which is through along the axial direction is arranged in the middle of the valve body, an injection port which is communicated with the valve cavity is arranged on the upper portion of the side wall of the valve body, a flow equalizing cover (19) is arranged at the position, corresponding to the injection port, of the valve cavity, a valve seat (2) is arranged at the bottom of the flow equalizing cover (19), a valve cover (3) is arranged at the top of the flow equalizing cover (19), and one end, far away from the flow equalizing cover (19), of the valve;

a valve cage assembly (6) is arranged at the bottom of the valve seat (2), a columnar channel is formed by the inner side walls of the flow equalizing cover (19) and the valve cage assembly (6), a valve core assembly capable of sliding in a reciprocating mode is arranged in a matched mode, a sieve plate is arranged at the bottom of the valve cage assembly (6), and an atomizing assembly (9) is arranged at the position, corresponding to the middle channel of the valve cage assembly (6), of the sieve plate;

the valve core assembly is characterized in that a valve rod is arranged at the top of the valve core assembly, one end, far away from the valve core assembly, of the valve rod penetrates out of the valve cover (3) and extends out of the valve body, a first sealing assembly (7) is arranged between the outer side wall of the valve cover (3) and the inner side wall of the valve body, and a second sealing assembly (8) is arranged between the inner side wall of the valve cover (3) and the valve.

2. The bypass valve according to claim 1, wherein the flow equalizing cover (19) comprises a cylindrical cover body with openings at two ends, a plurality of flow equalizing holes are uniformly distributed on the lower circumference of the side wall of the cover body, and the flow equalizing holes comprise a plurality of layers which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction and a plurality of rows which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; an outer convex shoulder is arranged at the top of the outer side wall of the cover body, and a plurality of connecting holes for fixedly connecting with the valve cover (3) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the outer convex shoulder.

3. The bypass valve according to claim 2, characterized in that an inner shoulder is arranged in the middle of the inner side wall of the flow equalizing cover (19), a bushing is arranged on the top surface of the inner shoulder, the outer side wall of the bushing is tightly attached to the inner side wall of the flow equalizing cover (19), and the inner side wall of the bushing is matched with the valve core assembly.

4. The bypass valve according to claim 1, wherein the cage assembly (6) comprises a plurality of orderly nested cage plates, each cage plate is cylindrical with openings at both ends, a plurality of cage holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the side wall of each cage plate, and the cage holes comprise a plurality of layers which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction and a plurality of columns which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.

5. The bypass valve according to claim 4, wherein the outer sidewall of the inner cage plate is provided with a circumferentially extending annular groove, each cage hole is located at the bottom of the annular groove, and the notch of the annular groove is attached to the inner sidewall of the adjacent cage plate to form a circumferentially extending flow equalizing ring cavity.

6. A by-pass valve according to claim 4, characterized in that the top of the outer side wall of each inner cage plate is provided with a convex edge, the position of the outer side cage plate corresponding to the convex edge is provided with an adaptive abdicating concave ring, the top of the outer side wall of the outermost cage plate is provided with a flange (645), and the top of the flange (645) is provided with a concave cavity matched with the valve seat (2).

7. The bypass valve according to claim 1, wherein the first sealing assembly (7) comprises a first sealing packing (71) located between an opening at the upper end of the valve body and the outer side wall of the valve cover (3), a split pressing ring (72) is arranged at the top of the first sealing packing (71), the outer edge of the split pressing ring (72) extends into a clamping ring cavity formed in the inner side wall of the valve body, a supporting ring (73) is arranged on the inner edge of the split pressing ring (72), the lower outer side wall of the supporting ring (73) is matched with the inner side wall of the supporting ring (73), the upper outer side wall of the supporting ring (73) is matched with the inner side wall of the valve body, the inner side wall of the supporting ring (73) is matched with the valve cover (3), and a plurality of first pressing bolts (74) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the end face of the supporting ring (73).

8. The bypass valve according to claim 1, wherein the second sealing assembly (8) comprises a second sealing packing (81) located between the valve rod and the inner side wall of the valve cover (3), a pressing ring (82) is arranged at the top of the second sealing packing (81), a pressing plate (83) is arranged at the top of the pressing ring (82), and the pressing plate (83) is connected with the valve cover (3) through a plurality of second pressing bolts (84).

9. The bypass valve according to claim 1, wherein the atomizing assembly (9) comprises a cooling channel (91) extending radially along the sieve plate and penetrating out of the side wall of the valve body, the position of the sieve plate corresponding to the lower end of the middle channel of the valve cage assembly (6) is provided with an atomizing nozzle (92) detachably connected, the diameter of the position of the outer side wall of the atomizing nozzle (92) corresponding to the cooling channel (91) is reduced to form a cooling ring cavity (93), and a plurality of cooling nozzles (94) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the side wall of the cooling ring cavity (93).

10. The bypass valve according to claim 1, wherein the valve core assembly comprises a main valve core (5) matched with the inner side wall of the valve cage assembly (6) and/or the inner side wall of the flow equalizing cover (19), a containing cavity is arranged at the middle position of the top of the main valve core (5), an auxiliary valve core (4) is arranged in the containing cavity, a pressure equalizing hole (56) extending along the central axis direction is formed in the bottom of the containing cavity, the lower end of the auxiliary valve core (4) is hermetically connected with the top end of the pressure equalizing hole (56), the top of the auxiliary valve core (4) is connected with the valve rod, and the auxiliary valve core (4) can ascend or descend before the main valve core (5).

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