CN112080799A - Energy-saving artificial gem and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Energy-saving artificial gem and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112080799A CN112080799A CN202010662382.XA CN202010662382A CN112080799A CN 112080799 A CN112080799 A CN 112080799A CN 202010662382 A CN202010662382 A CN 202010662382A CN 112080799 A CN112080799 A CN 112080799A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/16—Oxides
- C30B29/20—Aluminium oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
- C30B11/04—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method adding crystallising materials or reactants forming it in situ to the melt
- C30B11/08—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method adding crystallising materials or reactants forming it in situ to the melt every component of the crystal composition being added during the crystallisation
- C30B11/10—Solid or liquid components, e.g. Verneuil method
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of artificial gem production, in particular to an energy-saving artificial gem and a preparation method thereof, wherein the energy-saving artificial gem is obtained according to the following method: mixing aluminum powder, metal titanium powder, metal chromium powder, metal iron powder, metal nickel powder, metal vanadium powder, titanium oxide powder, chromium oxide powder, iron oxide powder, nickel oxide powder and vanadium oxide powder, and conveying the mixture into a crystal growth chamber through oxygen; after hydrogen is input, aluminum powder is combusted to react with oxygen to generate alumina liquid drops, the alumina liquid drops are dropped on seed crystals in a crystal growth chamber to obtain crystals, and a seed crystal lifting table slowly rotates and gradually lowers until the crystal growth of the crystals is finished to obtain the energy-saving artificial gem. The preparation method is simple and convenient, the process conditions are easy to meet, high-purity and high-density colored gemstones with different components and different colors can be obtained, the hobbies and the requirements of different customers are met, and the production process is energy-saving and environment-friendly and meets the national environment-friendly requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of artificial gem production, in particular to an energy-saving artificial gem and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Because of high hardness, high density and high refractive index, the artificial gem is often applied to the fields of civil decoration consumer electronics such as watch dials, jewels and the like. In order to improve the ornamental value, different colors are added to the jewel to meet the preferences and requirements of different customers. In the existing artificial gem production, the melting method adopts alumina powder to pass through high-temperature oxyhydrogen flame to burn and melt the alumina powder, and molten drops are cooled in the falling process and solidified on seed crystals to gradually grow into crystals, but the defects of high production consumption energy and high environmental protection cost exist; in the kyropoulos method, only colorless gems can be produced, and colored gems for decoration cannot be produced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an energy-saving artificial gem and a preparation method thereof, overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can effectively solve the problems of high consumption energy, high environmental protection cost and single color of the produced gem in the production of the conventional artificial gem.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is realized by the following measures: a preparation method of an energy-saving artificial gem is obtained according to the following steps: step one, feeding: mixing 90-99 wt% of aluminum powder and more than one of the balance of metal titanium powder, metal chromium powder, metal iron powder, metal nickel powder, metal vanadium powder, titanium oxide powder, chromium oxide powder, iron oxide powder, nickel oxide powder and vanadium oxide powder by a feeding device to obtain a mixed material, and conveying the mixed material into a crystal growth chamber by oxygen; secondly, igniting: after hydrogen is input into the crystal growth chamber, the oxygen, the hydrogen and the mixed material are ignited by adopting an electric ignition mode; thirdly, combustion: once the oxygen, the hydrogen and the mixed material are ignited, the mixed material and the oxygen react to maintain the combustion to be continuously carried out; fourthly, crystal growth: and reacting aluminum powder in the ignited mixed material with oxygen to generate aluminum oxide liquid drops, dripping the aluminum oxide liquid drops on the seed crystals in the crystal growth chamber to obtain crystals, slowly growing the crystals, and slowly rotating and gradually reducing the seed crystal lifting table along with the growth of the crystals until the growth of the crystals is finished to obtain the energy-saving artificial gem.
The following is a further optimization or/and improvement of one of the above-mentioned technical solutions of the invention:
in the first step, the delivery flow rate of oxygen isIs 0.1m3H to 10m3/h。
The purity of the aluminum powder is more than 99%.
The particle size of the aluminum powder is less than or equal to 100 mu m.
In the second step, the combustion temperature for igniting the oxygen, hydrogen and the mixture to continuously combust is 2000 ℃ to 3000 ℃.
In the second step, when hydrogen is fed into the crystal growth chamber, the delivery flow rate of the hydrogen is 0.1m3H to 5m3/h。
In the third step, the rotating speed of the seed crystal lifting table is 10S/rotation to 600S/rotation.
In the third step, the speed of lowering the seed crystal lifting platform is 0.1cm/h to 10 cm/h.
The second technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following measures: an energy-saving artificial gem prepared by the preparation method of the energy-saving artificial gem.
The preparation method is simple and convenient, the process conditions are easy to meet, high-purity and high-density colored gemstones with different components and different colors can be obtained, the hobbies and the requirements of different customers are met, and the production process is energy-saving and environment-friendly and meets the national environment-friendly requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of example 1 of the present invention.
The codes in the figures are respectively: 1 is an oxygen cylinder, 2 is a hydrogen cylinder, 3 is a feeding device, 4 is a crystal growth chamber, 5 is a seed crystal lifting table, 6 is an ignition device, 7 is a feeding pipeline, 8 is an oxygen pipeline, and 9 is a hydrogen pipeline.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments may be determined according to the technical solutions and practical situations of the present invention. The various chemical reagents and chemicals mentioned in the present invention are all well known and commonly used in the art, unless otherwise specified.
The invention is further described below with reference to the following examples:
example 1: the preparation method of the energy-saving artificial gem is obtained according to the following steps: step one, feeding: mixing 90-99 wt% of aluminum powder and more than one of the balance of metal titanium powder, metal chromium powder, metal iron powder, metal nickel powder, metal vanadium powder, titanium oxide powder, chromium oxide powder, iron oxide powder, nickel oxide powder and vanadium oxide powder in a feeding device 3, and then conveying the obtained mixed material into a crystal growth chamber 4 through oxygen; secondly, igniting: after hydrogen is input into the crystal growth chamber 4, the oxygen, the hydrogen and the mixed material are ignited by adopting an electric ignition mode; thirdly, combustion: once the oxygen, the hydrogen and the mixed material are ignited, the mixed material and the oxygen react to maintain the combustion to be continuously carried out; fourthly, crystal growth: and reacting aluminum powder in the ignited mixed material with oxygen to generate aluminum oxide liquid drops, dripping the aluminum oxide liquid drops on the seed crystals in the crystal growth chamber 4 to obtain crystals, slowly growing the crystals, and slowly rotating and gradually lowering the seed crystal lifting table 5 along with the growth of the crystals until the crystal growth is finished to obtain the energy-saving artificial gem.
According to the needs, the device for implementing the preparation method of the energy-saving artificial gem comprises an oxygen cylinder 1, a hydrogen cylinder 2, a feeding device 3, a crystal growth chamber 4, a seed crystal lifting table 5 and an ignition device 6, wherein a feeding pipeline 7 is fixedly communicated between a discharge port of the feeding device 3 and a feed port of the crystal growth chamber 4, an oxygen pipeline 8 is communicated between an air outlet of the oxygen cylinder 1 and the feeding pipeline 7, a hydrogen pipeline 9 is communicated between an air outlet of the hydrogen cylinder 2 and the feeding pipeline 7, the seed crystal lifting table 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crystal growth chamber 4 corresponding to a nozzle 13, and the ignition device 6 is fixedly installed at the top of the crystal growth chamber 4. A feeding pipeline 7 is fixedly communicated between a discharge port of the feeding device 3 and a feed port of the crystal growth chamber 4, a nozzle 13 with a downward opening is arranged at an outlet of the feeding pipeline 7, the nozzle 13 is fixedly installed at the top in the crystal growth chamber 4, an oxygen pipeline 8 is communicated between an air outlet of the oxygen cylinder 1 and the feeding pipeline 7, a hydrogen pipeline 9 is communicated between an air outlet of the hydrogen cylinder 2 and the feeding pipeline 7, a seed crystal lifting table 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crystal growth chamber 4 corresponding to the position of the nozzle 13, and an ignition device 6 is fixedly installed at the top of the crystal growth chamber 4. When in use, the mixed material in the feeding device 3 is fed to the outlet of the feeding pipeline 7 through the feeding pipeline 7 under the action of oxygen and oxygen; starting an ignition device 6, and igniting the mixture of oxygen, hydrogen and aluminum powder by adopting an electric ignition mode; once the reaction is ignited, the aluminum powder mixture and oxygen react to generate heat, the combustion can be maintained to be continuously carried out, the aluminum powder mixture reacts with the oxygen to generate aluminum oxide liquid drops, the aluminum oxide liquid drops are dripped on the seed crystal positioned at the center of the seed crystal lifting platform 5, crystal growth is carried out slowly, and the seed crystal lifting platform 5 rotates slowly and gradually lowers until the crystal growth is finished along with the crystal growth.
The feeding device 3 is a conventional feeding device, and the crystal growth chamber 4 and the seed crystal lifting platform 5 are production equipment conventionally used by the existing artificial gem.
In order to meet the requirements of flame fusion equipment, the artificial colored gem is prepared by taking alumina powder produced by an aluminum ammonium sulfate method as a raw material, and the existing production method of the alumina powder produced by the aluminum ammonium sulfate method is forbidden by the nation due to the problems of environmental protection, energy consumption and the like. The aluminum powder and the doping powder, such as one or more of metal titanium powder, metal chromium powder, metal iron powder, metal nickel powder, metal vanadium powder, titanium oxide powder, chromium oxide powder, iron oxide powder, nickel oxide powder and vanadium oxide powder, are mixed in proportion, the aluminum oxide liquid is obtained after oxygen and hydrogen are ignited, and the aluminum oxygen flame is adopted to maintain the reaction by self-heating, so that compared with the traditional flame melting method, the required reaction heat can be saved by 20 percent, and the energy consumption is low; the purity of the obtained energy-saving artificial gem can reach 99.99 percent, and the density can reach 3.8g/cm3To 4g/cm3And the components and the colors of the gem are various, so that the gem can meet the hobbies and requirements of different customers.
Example 2: as an optimization of the above embodiment, in the first step, the delivery flow rate of oxygen delivery is 0.1m3H to 10m3/h。
Example 3: the purity of the powdery aluminum was 99% or more as optimized in the above examples.
Example 4: as optimization of the above embodiment, the particle diameter of the aluminum powder is 100 μm or less.
Example 5: as an optimization of the above embodiment, in the second step, the combustion temperature at which the oxygen, hydrogen and the mixture are ignited and continuously burned is 2000 ℃ to 3000 ℃.
Example 6: as in the above-described embodimentsIn the second step, when hydrogen is input into the crystal growth chamber 4, the delivery flow rate of the hydrogen is 0.1m3H to 5m3/h。
Example 7: as an optimization of the above embodiment, in the third step, the seed crystal elevating stage 5 is rotated at a rotation speed of 10S/revolution to 600S/revolution.
Example 8: the energy-saving artificial gem prepared by the preparation method of the energy-saving artificial gem.
In conclusion, the preparation method is simple and convenient, the process conditions are easy to meet, high-purity and high-density colored gemstones with different components and different colors can be obtained, the hobbies and the requirements of different customers are met, and the production process is energy-saving and environment-friendly and meets the national environment-friendly requirements.
The technical characteristics form an embodiment of the invention, which has strong adaptability and implementation effect, and unnecessary technical characteristics can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the energy-saving artificial gem is characterized by comprising the following steps: step one, feeding: mixing 90-99 wt% of aluminum powder and more than one of the balance of metal titanium powder, metal chromium powder, metal iron powder, metal nickel powder, metal vanadium powder, titanium oxide powder, chromium oxide powder, iron oxide powder, nickel oxide powder and vanadium oxide powder by a feeding device to obtain a mixed material, and conveying the mixed material into a crystal growth chamber by oxygen; secondly, igniting: after hydrogen is input into the crystal growth chamber, the oxygen, the hydrogen and the mixed material are ignited by adopting an electric ignition mode; thirdly, combustion: once the oxygen, the hydrogen and the mixed material are ignited, the mixed material and the oxygen react to maintain the combustion to be continuously carried out; fourthly, crystal growth: and reacting aluminum powder in the ignited mixed material with oxygen to generate aluminum oxide liquid drops, dripping the aluminum oxide liquid drops on the seed crystals in the crystal growth chamber to obtain crystals, slowly growing the crystals, and slowly rotating and gradually reducing the seed crystal lifting table along with the growth of the crystals until the growth of the crystals is finished to obtain the energy-saving artificial gem.
2. The method for preparing an energy-saving artificial gem according to claim 1, characterized in that in the first step, the delivery flow rate of oxygen is 0.1m3H to 10m3/h。
3. The method for preparing an energy-saving artificial gem according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the purity of the aluminum powder is more than 99%.
4. The method for preparing energy-saving artificial gem according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the particle size of the aluminum powder is less than or equal to 100 μm.
5. The method for producing an energy-saving artificial gem according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the combustion temperature for igniting the oxygen, hydrogen and mixture for continuous combustion in the second step is 2000 to 3000 ℃.
6. The method for producing an energy-saving artificial gem according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that in the second step, when hydrogen is supplied into the growth chamber, the supply flow rate of hydrogen is 0.1m3H to 5m3/h。
7. The method for preparing an energy-saving artificial gem according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that in the third step, the rotation speed of the seed crystal lifting platform is 10S/turn to 600S/turn.
8. The method for producing an energy-saving artificial gem according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that in the third step, the seed crystal elevating platform is lowered at a speed of 0.1cm/h to 10 cm/h.
9. An energy-saving artificial gem prepared by the method for preparing the energy-saving artificial gem according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN104389020A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-04 | 山东萨菲尔晶体科技有限公司 | Process and device for rapidly growing sapphire crystal material of corundum system by virtue of flame fusion method |
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