CN112080645A - Method and device for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot - Google Patents
Method and device for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot Download PDFInfo
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- CN112080645A CN112080645A CN202011080289.4A CN202011080289A CN112080645A CN 112080645 A CN112080645 A CN 112080645A CN 202011080289 A CN202011080289 A CN 202011080289A CN 112080645 A CN112080645 A CN 112080645A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011044 quartzite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004857 zone melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/10—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/34—Obtaining zinc oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/66—Heat exchange
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot. Wherein, the device includes: the electric heating blowing furnace comprises an oxidation area and a reduction area, a partition wall is arranged between the oxidation area and the reduction area, a hole is formed in the partition wall, and the oxidation area is communicated with the reduction area through the hole; the top of the oxidation zone is provided with a first feeding port and a smoke outlet, and the oxidation zone is also provided with a spray gun hole for spraying oxygen-enriched air and fuel into a molten pool of the oxidation zone; the reduction zone is provided with an electrode for providing heat for the reduction zone, a second feed inlet, a slag discharge port and an iron outlet. By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the melting speed and the melting strength can be improved; valuable metals can be effectively and deeply reduced in a reduction area, and the recovery rate is improved; the oxidation zone and the reduction zone are combined in one furnace, so that the occupied area is small, and the investment of equipment and plants is reduced; the oxidation zone and the reduction zone are in the same furnace, the reduction process is endothermic, the high temperature of the oxidation zone can be effectively utilized, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial waste recovery, in particular to a method and a device for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot.
Background
The zinc-containing ash is blast furnace dust, electric arc furnace dust, converter dust, blast furnace gas ash and the like which are generated by steel plants and contain elements such as zinc, iron, lead and the like. The zinc-containing soot has complex components and large production amount, and if the zinc-containing soot is not recycled, the environment is polluted, and the valuable metals such as zinc, iron, lead and the like are seriously wasted.
At present, the pyrogenic process for treating the zinc-containing soot mainly comprises a Wilz rotary kiln method, rotary hearth furnace volatilization, circulating fluidized bed volatilization and the like. The methods are all characterized in that zinc is volatile, and secondary zinc oxide smoke dust is obtained through solid reduction, and elements which are not easy to volatilize, such as iron, enter waste slag. The disadvantage is that the valuable elements which are not easy to volatilize, such as iron, in the zinc-containing soot can not be recovered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot, so as to solve the technical problem that the volatile element zinc and the non-volatile element iron and lead in the zinc-containing soot cannot be recovered simultaneously in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above objects, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot. The device includes: the electric heating blowing furnace comprises an oxidation area and a reduction area, a partition wall is arranged between the oxidation area and the reduction area, a hole is formed in the partition wall, and the oxidation area is communicated with the reduction area through the hole; the top of the oxidation zone is provided with a first feeding port and a smoke outlet, and the oxidation zone is also provided with a spray gun hole for spraying oxygen-enriched air and fuel into a molten pool of the oxidation zone; the reduction zone is provided with an electrode for providing heat for the reduction zone, a second feed inlet, a slag discharge port and an iron outlet.
Further, the electrode is arranged at the upper part of the reduction zone, and the slag discharge port and the iron outlet are arranged at the lower part of the reduction zone.
Further, the spray gun holes are arranged on the furnace top or the side wall; the smoke outlet is provided with a secondary air port.
Further, the smoke outlet is arranged at the position close to the oxidation area and the reduction area.
Furthermore, the smoke outlet is connected with an uptake flue.
Further, the furnace bottom of the oxidation zone is in a step shape and inclines towards the reduction zone, the step height difference is 100-500 mm, and the gradient is 15-60 degrees.
Further, the device for recovering zinc oxide and iron from the zinc-containing soot further comprises a granulator or a blender, which is arranged upstream of the electric heat injection furnace.
Further, the device for recovering zinc oxide and iron from the zinc-containing soot also comprises a flue gas treatment system.
Further, the flue gas treatment system comprises a waste heat boiler and a bag dust collector which are sequentially communicated.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot. The method adopts a device for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot to recover the zinc oxide and the iron from the zinc-containing soot, and comprises the steps of adding the zinc-containing soot and a solvent into an oxidation zone of an electrothermal blowing furnace to perform oxygen-enriched-electrothermal reduction smelting.
Further, the oxidizing zone is controlled to be oxidizing atmosphere, and the temperature of the melt in the oxidizing zone is 1300-1500 ℃.
Further, the melt flows into a reduction area through a hole on the partition wall, the temperature of the melt is controlled to be 1300-1500 ℃ in the reduction area through electrode heating, coke or anthracite is added into the reduction area to serve as a reducing agent, and the reduction area is controlled to be in a reducing atmosphere, so that valuable metals in the melt are reduced.
Further, zinc is volatilized into gas phase and then oxidized into zinc oxide, and lead and iron form molten iron, SiO2CaO is combined with slag to form a slag phase; the flue gas is subjected to waste heat recovery through a waste heat boiler, the temperature is reduced to 180-220 ℃, then zinc oxide smoke dust is collected through a bag dust collector, and molten iron and slag are discharged through a taphole and a deslagging port respectively.
Further, the solvent is limestone and quartz.
Further, the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-enriched air sprayed in the oxidation area is 22-90%.
Furthermore, the fuel injected into the oxidation zone is natural gas, coal powder, coal gas, diesel oil or heavy oil.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the melting speed and the melting strength can be improved by adopting the oxidation and reduction zone melting; valuable metals can be effectively and deeply reduced in a reduction area, and the recovery rate is improved; the oxidation zone and the reduction zone are combined in one furnace, so that the occupied area is small, and the investment of equipment and plants is reduced; the oxidation zone and the reduction zone are in the same furnace, the reduction process is endothermic, the high temperature of the oxidation zone can be effectively utilized, and the energy consumption is reduced; the device and the process can effectively reduce zinc, lead and iron simultaneously to obtain zinc oxide and molten iron, and can fully recover valuable metals in the zinc-containing smoke dust.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electrothermal blowing furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Aiming at the problem that the prior art can not simultaneously recover the volatile element zinc and the non-volatile element iron, lead and the like in the zinc-containing smoke dust, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot is provided. Referring to fig. 1, the apparatus comprises an electrothermal blowing furnace, the electrothermal blowing furnace comprises an oxidation zone 11 and a reduction zone 12, a partition wall 13 is arranged between the oxidation zone 11 and the reduction zone 12, a hole is arranged on the partition wall 13, the oxidation zone 11 and the reduction zone 12 are communicated through the hole, and a melt can flow from the oxidation zone 11 to the reduction zone 12 through the hole; a first feeding port 14 and a smoke exhaust port 15 are arranged at the top of the oxidation area 11, the mixed material is fed into the oxidation area 11 through the first feeding port 14, and zinc oxide steam is oxidized to form zinc oxide; the oxidation zone 11 is also provided with a spray gun hole 16 for spraying oxygen-enriched air and fuel into the molten pool of the oxidation zone 11; the spray gun holes can be arranged on the furnace top or the side wall; the reduction zone 12 is provided with electrodes 18 for supplying heat to the reduction zone, a second charging port 19, a slag discharge port 20 and a tap hole 21. Typically, an electrode 18 is provided above the reduction zone 12 to provide heat to the reduction zone. Coke or anthracite as a reducing agent is added into the reduction zone 12 through the second feed inlet 19 to reduce the oil-value metals in the melt. The lower part of the reduction zone 12 is provided with a slag discharge port 20 and a tap hole 21, and the reduction zone 12 is not provided with a spray gun hole.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, zinc-containing smoke dust is used as a raw material, natural gas and coal gas can be used as spray gun fuels, anthracite and coke are used as reducing agents, limestone and quartz stone are used as fusing agents, oxygen-enriched air is blown in, and valuable metals such as zinc, lead, iron and the like are reduced through melting bath smelting to obtain zinc oxide smoke dust and molten iron, so that the simultaneous recovery of volatile element zinc and non-volatile element iron, lead and the like is realized.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the smoke vent 15 is located adjacent to the oxidation zone 11 and the reduction zone 12 (e.g., may be a location where the oxidation zone is located near and within the reduction zone 1/2); the smoke outlet 15 can be provided with a secondary air port 17 according to the requirement, and the smoke outlet 15 is connected with a rising flue. Preferably, the furnace bottom of the oxidation zone is in a step shape and inclines towards the reduction zone, the step height difference is 100-500 mm, the gradient is 15-60 degrees, high-temperature melt can automatically flow to the reduction zone, and valuable metals are reduced and separated.
In order to facilitate feeding and improve the recovery efficiency, the device for recovering zinc oxide and iron from the zinc-containing soot further comprises a granulator or a mixer which is arranged at the upstream of the electric heating blowing furnace. For example, limestone and quartz stone are used as a fusing agent, and are metered and proportioned with zinc-containing ash according to the calculated ratio of the process, and are mixed by a cylinder mixer and then are fed into an oxidation zone of an electrothermal blowing furnace. Preferably, the device for recovering zinc oxide and iron from the zinc-containing soot further comprises a flue gas treatment system, wherein the flue gas treatment system can comprise a waste heat boiler and a bag type dust collector which are sequentially communicated, the waste heat is recovered and subjected to dust collection treatment, the energy is fully utilized, and the soot is subjected to harmless treatment.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot is provided. Referring to fig. 2, the method for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot using the above apparatus for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot includes feeding zinc-containing soot and a solvent into an oxidation zone of an electrothermal blowing furnace for oxygen-rich-electrothermal reduction smelting. Preferably, the oxidizing zone is controlled to be an oxidizing atmosphere, and the temperature of the melt in the oxidizing zone is 1300-1500 ℃. In the temperature range, the high-temperature melt has proper fluidity, and the melt can automatically flow to the reduction zone. And the melt flows into a reduction zone through a hole on the partition wall, the temperature of the melt is controlled to be 1300-1500 ℃ in the reduction zone through electrode heating, coke or anthracite is added into the reduction zone as a reducing agent, and the reduction zone is controlled to be in a reducing atmosphere so as to reduce the valuable metals in the melt. Zinc is volatilized into gas phase and then oxidized into zinc oxide, and lead and iron form molten iron, SiO2CaO is combined with slag to form a slag phase; the flue gas is subjected to waste heat recovery through a waste heat boiler, the temperature is reduced to 180-220 ℃, then zinc oxide smoke dust is collected through a bag dust collector, and molten iron and slag are discharged through a taphole and a deslagging port respectively.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the advantageous effects of the present invention.
Example 1
The recovery of zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot using the apparatus shown in figure 1, with reference to the scheme shown in figure 2, comprises:
1) preparing materials: limestone and quartz stone are used as a fusing agent, and the zinc-containing smoke dust is prepared by the following steps: limestone: the quartz stone is proportioned at a ratio of 100:5:8, and is metered and mixed by a cylindrical mixer.
2) Oxygen enrichment-electric heating reduction smelting: and continuously adding the prepared mixed material into an electric heating blowing furnace through a feeding system. The furnace is divided into an oxidation zone and a reduction zone. The oxidation zone is provided with a spray gun, oxygen-enriched air and fuel are sprayed into the molten pool, the oxidizing atmosphere of the oxidation zone is controlled, the materials entering the furnace are melted, and the melt temperature is 1450 ℃. The melt passes through the partition wallThe opening of the furnace flows into a reduction zone, the reduction zone is provided with electrodes for heating, the temperature of the melt is 1450 ℃, coke or anthracite is added into the reduction zone as a reducing agent, and the reducing atmosphere of the reduction zone is controlled to reduce the valuable metals such as zinc, lead, iron and the like in the melt. Zinc is volatilized into gas phase and then oxidized into zinc oxide, and lead and iron form molten iron, SiO2CaO combines with slagging to form a slag phase. The flue gas is passed through a waste heat boiler to recover waste heat, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 180 ℃, then zinc oxide smoke dust is collected by a bag dust collector, and molten iron and slag are discharged through an iron discharge outlet and a slag discharge outlet respectively.
In this embodiment, the oxygen-enriched air has a concentration of 50%, the lance fuel is natural gas, and the amount of fuel can be determined according to the smelting temperature. The bottom of the oxidation zone is in a step shape and inclines towards the reduction zone, the step height difference is 100mm, and the gradient is 15 degrees.
3) Water crushing the furnace slag obtained in the step to obtain glass state harmless slag which can be used as a building material; casting the ingot by the molten iron obtained in the step to obtain a pig iron ingot; the smoke dust collected by the bag type dust collector in the above steps contains 92% of zinc oxide.
Example 2
The recovery of zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot using the apparatus shown in figure 1, with reference to the scheme shown in figure 2, comprises:
1) preparing materials: limestone and quartz stone are used as a fusing agent, and the zinc-containing smoke dust is prepared by the following steps: limestone: the quartz stone is proportioned at a ratio of 100:2:10, and is metered and mixed by a cylindrical mixer.
2) Oxygen enrichment-electric heating reduction smelting: and continuously adding the prepared mixed material into an electric heating blowing furnace through a feeding system. The furnace is divided into an oxidation zone and a reduction zone. The oxidation zone is provided with a spray gun, oxygen-enriched air and fuel are sprayed into the molten pool, the oxidizing atmosphere of the oxidation zone is controlled, the materials entering the furnace are melted, and the melt temperature is 1400 ℃. The melt flows into a reduction zone through a hole on the partition wall, an electrode is arranged in the reduction zone for heating, the temperature of the melt is 1400 ℃, coke or anthracite is added into the reduction zone as a reducing agent, and the reducing atmosphere in the reduction zone is controlled to reduce the valuable metals such as zinc, lead, iron and the like in the melt.Zinc is volatilized into gas phase and then oxidized into zinc oxide, and lead and iron form molten iron, SiO2CaO combines with slagging to form a slag phase. The flue gas is passed through a waste heat boiler to recover waste heat, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 220 ℃, then zinc oxide smoke dust is collected by a bag dust collector, and molten iron and slag are discharged through an iron discharge outlet and a slag discharge outlet respectively.
In the embodiment, the concentration of the oxygen-enriched air is 65%, the fuel of the lance is coal gas, and the dosage of the fuel can be determined according to the smelting temperature. The bottom of the oxidation zone is stepped and inclined towards the reduction zone, the step height difference is 300mm, and the gradient is 20 degrees.
3) Water crushing the furnace slag obtained in the step to obtain glass state harmless slag which can be used as a building material; casting the ingot by the molten iron obtained in the step to obtain a pig iron ingot; the smoke dust collected by the bag type dust collector in the above steps contains 95% of zinc oxide.
Example 3
The recovery of zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot using the apparatus shown in figure 1, with reference to the scheme shown in figure 2, comprises:
1) preparing materials: limestone and quartz stone are used as a fusing agent, and the zinc-containing smoke dust is prepared by the following steps: limestone: the quartz stone is proportioned at a ratio of 100:10:5, and the materials are metered and mixed by a cylindrical mixer.
2) Oxygen enrichment-electric heating reduction smelting: and continuously adding the prepared mixed material into an electric heating blowing furnace through a feeding system. The furnace is divided into an oxidation zone and a reduction zone. The oxidation zone is provided with a spray gun, oxygen-enriched air and fuel are sprayed into the molten pool, the oxidizing atmosphere of the oxidation zone is controlled, the materials entering the furnace are melted, and the melt temperature is 1350 ℃. The melt flows into a reduction zone through a hole on the partition wall, an electrode is arranged in the reduction zone for heating, the temperature of the melt is 1400 ℃, coke or anthracite is added into the reduction zone as a reducing agent, and the reducing atmosphere in the reduction zone is controlled to reduce the valuable metals such as zinc, lead, iron and the like in the melt. Zinc is volatilized into gas phase and then oxidized into zinc oxide, and lead and iron form molten iron, SiO2CaO combines with slagging to form a slag phase. The flue gas passes through a waste heat boiler to recover waste heat, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 220 ℃, and then the flue gas is collected by a cloth bag dust collectorZinc oxide smoke, molten iron and slag are discharged through an iron discharge port and a slag discharge port respectively.
In the embodiment, the concentration of the oxygen-enriched air is 45%, the fuel of the lance is pulverized coal, and the dosage of the fuel can be determined according to the smelting temperature. The bottom of the oxidation zone is stepped and inclined towards the reduction zone, the step height difference is 350mm, and the gradient is 17 degrees.
3) Water crushing the furnace slag obtained in the step to obtain glass state harmless slag which can be used as a building material; casting the ingot by the molten iron obtained in the step to obtain a pig iron ingot; the smoke dust collected by the bag type dust collector in the step contains 96% of zinc oxide.
Example 4
Similar to example 1, except that the oxygen-enriched air concentration was 22%, the soot collected by the bag house contained 92% zinc oxide.
Example 5
Similar to example 1, except that the oxygen-enriched air concentration was 90%, the soot collected by the bag house contained 97% zinc oxide.
Example 6
Similar to example 1, except that the difference in step height was 500mm, the gradient was 60 °, and the soot collected by the bag house contained 96% zinc oxide.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
1) the melting speed and the melting strength can be improved by adopting the oxidation and reduction zone melting; valuable metals can be effectively and deeply reduced in a reduction area, and the recovery rate is improved;
2) the oxidation zone and the reduction zone are combined in one furnace, so that the occupied area is small, and the investment of equipment and plants is reduced;
3) the oxidation zone and the reduction zone are in the same furnace, the reduction process is endothermic, the high temperature of the oxidation zone can be effectively utilized, and the energy consumption is reduced;
4) the process effectively reduces zinc, lead and iron at the same time to obtain zinc oxide and molten iron, and can fully recover valuable metals in the zinc-containing smoke dust.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. An apparatus for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot, comprising: the electric heating blowing furnace comprises an oxidation area and a reduction area, a partition wall is arranged between the oxidation area and the reduction area, a hole is formed in the partition wall, and the oxidation area is communicated with the reduction area through the hole; the top of the oxidation zone is provided with a first feeding port and a smoke outlet, and the oxidation zone is also provided with a spray gun hole for spraying oxygen-enriched air and fuel into a molten pool of the oxidation zone; the reduction zone is provided with an electrode for providing heat for the reduction zone, a second feed inlet, a slag discharge port and an iron outlet.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electrode is disposed at an upper portion of the reduction zone, and the slag tap and the tap hole are disposed at a lower portion of the reduction zone.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lance aperture is provided in a roof or a side wall of the electrothermal blowing furnace; and a secondary air port is arranged at the smoke outlet.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the smoke vent is positioned adjacent to the oxidation zone and the reduction zone.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a chimney flue is connected to the smoke outlet.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the oxidation zone is stepped and inclined toward the reduction zone, and the step height difference is 100-500 mm and the gradient is 15-60 °.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said means for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot further comprises a granulator or compounder disposed upstream of said electrothermal blowing furnace.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for recovering zinc oxide and iron from the zinc-containing soot further comprises a flue gas treatment system.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the flue gas treatment system comprises a waste heat boiler and a bag house in serial communication.
10. A method for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot, characterized in that zinc oxide and iron are recovered from zinc-containing soot by using the apparatus for recovering zinc oxide and iron from zinc-containing soot as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising oxygen-rich-electrothermal reduction smelting by feeding zinc-containing soot and a solvent to an oxidation zone of an electrothermal blowing furnace.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the oxidizing zone is controlled to be an oxidizing atmosphere, and the temperature of the melt in the oxidizing zone is 1300-1500 ℃.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the melt flows into a reduction zone through an opening on a partition wall, the temperature of the melt in the reduction zone is controlled to be 1300-1400 ℃ through electrode heating, coke or anthracite is added into the reduction zone as a reducing agent, and the reduction zone is controlled to be in a reducing atmosphere so as to reduce valuable metals in the melt.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein the zinc volatizing into the gas phase is post-oxidized to oxidationThe zinc, lead and iron form molten iron, SiO in the furnace bottom2CaO is combined with slag to form a slag phase; the flue gas is subjected to waste heat recovery through a waste heat boiler, the temperature is reduced to 180-220 ℃, then zinc oxide smoke dust is collected through a bag dust collector, and molten iron and slag are discharged through a taphole and a deslagging port respectively.
14. The method of claim 11, wherein the solvent is limestone or quartzite.
15. The method of claim 11, wherein the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-enriched air injected into the oxidation zone is between 22% and 90%.
16. The method of claim 11, wherein the fuel injected into the oxidation zone is natural gas, pulverized coal, coal gas, diesel oil or heavy oil.
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| CN114807484A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-07-29 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method and system for recovering iron and zinc from steel mill ash |
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