CN112080632A - Sintering method of super-thick material layer sintering ore - Google Patents
Sintering method of super-thick material layer sintering ore Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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Abstract
The sintering method of the super-thick material layer sintering ore comprises the following steps that the thickness of a sintering material layer is 920-950 mm, and the sintering water content is 6.2-6.4%; the sintering negative pressure is 14.5-15.5 kpa, and the method comprises the specific steps of (1) material preparation; (2) mixing and granulating; (3) preheating the mixture; (4) igniting under micro negative pressure; (5) and (5) loosening the material. According to the invention, through the development and application of a low-water granulation technology, the low-pressure steam high-efficiency preheating of a mixture for raising the material temperature, the development and application of a micro-negative pressure ignition technology and the modification and application of three rows of material loosening devices, the material layer thickness is increased, the machine speed of a sintering machine is reduced, the sintering crystallization reaction is promoted, the internal ore return rate is reduced, and the quality and the yield of sintered ore are improved; the thickness of the material layer is increased from 730mm to over 930mm, the sintering negative pressure is reduced from 16.0 kPa-17.0 kPa to 14.5 kPa-15.5 kPa, the sintering with low power consumption and low fuel consumption under the condition of ultrahigh material layer is realized, and the sintering cost is reduced; the emission of NOx in the sintering original flue gas is reduced by about 37 percent, and the efficient process emission reduction of the NOx in the sintering flue gas is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and relates to a low-water low-negative-pressure sintering method for super-thick-layer sinter.
Technical Field
Sintering is one of the main furnace charge processing procedures in the modern steel production flow and is the first high-temperature procedure of steel production, and the sintering has high energy consumption and heavy pollution load, thereby seriously restricting the green development of the steel industry. The low-water low-negative-pressure sintering method is applied to the super-thick material layer of 920-950 mm, so that the sintering solid fuel consumption can be obviously reduced, the drum strength of the sintered ore and the yield of the sintered ore are improved, and the cost of the sintered ore and the blast furnace iron-making cost are reduced. Meanwhile, the reduction of the solid fuel reduces the concentration of pollutants such as NOx, CO and the like in the sintering raw flue gas, obviously reduces the treatment capacity of a flue gas purification system, and reduces primary investment and operation cost; greenhouse gas CO2The emission amount is also greatly reduced.
In order to improve the economic and technical indexes of sintering, technicians explore a lot of sintering methods for ultra-thick material layers with material layer height over 800mm, try to further explore the potential of thick material layer sintering, adopt direct-flow air draft operation with increased ignition intensity and high negative pressure and high air flow, and try to improve the material layer thickness in such a way. However, the increase of the ignition intensity often melts the surface of the thick material layer, gaps among material layer particles are blocked, the resistance of the whole material layer is increased, the negative pressure and the air quantity of a fan must be increased, the local short circuit of air flow is caused, the material layer can not be sintered uniformly, the energy consumption is greatly increased, and the breakthrough is not achieved in the aspect of sintering the ultra-thick material layer.
How to realize low water and low negative pressure sintering on the premise of realizing an ultra-thick material layer is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sintering method of a super-thick-layer sinter, wherein the thickness of a material layer is 920-950 mm, so that the quality and the yield of the sinter are improved, and the processing cost of the sinter is reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the sintering method of the super-thick material layer sintering ore comprises the following steps that the thickness of a sintering material layer is 920-950 mm, and the sintering water content is 6.2-6.4%; the sintering negative pressure is 14.5-15.5 kpa. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing materials: the method comprises the following steps of sequentially feeding raw materials, by mass, 80-90% of iron-containing raw materials, 3.5-5.0% of coke powder, 5.5-6.5% of quick lime, 0.5-1.0% of limestone, 0.5-1.0% of dolomite, 11.8-14.1% of return ores and 1.3-1.9% of dust; each material is fed to a belt 1 through a batching scale, a dolomite feeding point for a material distributor is arranged on the belt 1, a groove is formed in the middle of the material, the desulfurization wastewater is preheated by steam and then is added into the groove of the material, and the quicklime is digested in advance.
(2) Mixing and granulating: mixing and granulating the iron-containing raw material, fuel, quicklime, limestone, dolomite, return ores and fly ash by a mixer to obtain a sintering mixture; adding water in a secondary mixing mode through an atomized water spray head in a segmented mode, wherein the water adding amount is 3-5 t/h; the proportion of +3mm in the grade of the mixture after the second mixing and granulation is improved by 7-15% compared with that before the granulation.
(3) Preheating a mixture: and preheating the mixture in a secondary mixing and mixing bin by adopting low-pressure steam, and increasing the temperature of the mixture to 70-90 ℃.
(4) Micro negative pressure ignition: the negative pressure of the air box is controlled to be 4-7 kPa through the opening degree of an air door of the sintering air box, the negative pressure of a hearth is adjusted to-10-5 Pa, and micro-negative pressure ignition is realized to improve the air permeability of an original material layer for sintering.
(5) Loosening materials: 3 rows of material loosening devices are arranged to ensure good air permeability in the sintering process.
In the step (1), return ores and fly ash are used as sintering circulating materials, and the blending amount is calculated according to the ratio of return ores/dust ÷ (iron-containing raw materials, fuel, quicklime, dolomite and limestone).
The technical characteristics and the principle adopted by the invention are as follows:
(1) atomizing the second mixed water by using compressed air, and performing enhanced granulation; the water content of the mixture granulation is reduced from 6.7-6.9% to 6.1-6.3%.
(2) The use effect of the quicklime is improved. The active lime is lime with many defects on crystal lattice and insufficient calcium oxide crystal after decomposing carbon dioxide in calcium carbonate, and when the calcium oxide crystal is sufficient, the quicklime is over-burnt, and the activity is poor. Because the crystal lattice defects of the active lime are more, the solid phase reaction can be greatly promoted by adding the active lime into the sintering raw material. Research shows that slaked lime after slaking has very fine size and has strong hydrophilicity and great molecular adhesion and capillary force, and this is favorable to improving the pelletizing of the mixture and raising the green ball strength. Meanwhile, the quicklime has strong water holding capacity, the small balls are not easy to crack when being heated, and the air permeability of the drying belt is improved; in addition, the heat released by slaking the quicklime can increase the temperature of the mixture. However, the incomplete digestion of the quicklime does not act as a binder, but rather expands in volume during sintering to deteriorate the permeability. In order to improve the use effect of the quicklime, the following measures are taken:
a. the proportion of the quicklime is increased from about 4 percent to 5.5 to 6.5 percent, and the temperature of the mixed material is increased by 5 to 10 ℃.
b. The desulfurization wastewater pool for adding water is subjected to steam preheating transformation, the water temperature is increased, the time for digesting quicklime by hot water is accelerated by more than half compared with that of cold water, and the digestion effect is obviously improved.
c. In order to consume the desulfurization waste water and increase the slaking time of the quicklime, the slaking is carried out before the mixing belt 1 after the discharging point of the quicklime, the quicklime is more fully contacted with hot water, the slaking time is increased by about 30 seconds, and enough time is provided for the formation of slaked lime colloid particles.
(3) The low-pressure steam high-efficiency mixed material preheating technology improves the material temperature. Through the reasonable arrangement of the steam preheating pipeline and the optimized design of the nozzles, the mixture is uniformly heated, and the temperature of the mixture is increased to 70-90 ℃.
(4) The research and application of the micro-negative pressure ignition technology are realized by controlling the negative pressure of an air box to be 4-7 kPa through the opening degree of an air door of a sintering air box and regulating the negative pressure of a hearth to be-10-5 Pa, so that the micro-negative pressure ignition is realized to improve the air permeability of an original material layer for sintering.
(5) And (5) transforming and applying the three rows of material loosening devices. The tripper is increased from 2 rows to 3 rows. The height of the first discharging and loosening device from the fire bars is increased to 200mm, the length of the first discharging and loosening device is based on the ninth roller of the nine-roller distributing device, and the distance between the first discharging and loosening device and the ninth roller is 200 mm. The second row of material loosening devices are 200mm away from the first row, 200mm shorter than the first row in length, 200mm apart from the first row and staggered with the first row. The third row of material loosening devices is 180-200 mm away from the second row, is 200mm shorter than the second row in length, is spaced by 200mm, and is staggered with the second row. The structure of the material loosening device is changed from an original square shape to a conical shape, so that the material loosening device is favorable for shunting and distributing materials, the phenomena of material stacking and ditch drawing are avoided, and the sintering air permeability is improved.
(6) Harmful air leakage is reduced, and air volume distribution is reasonably optimized. Through research and application of a novel sintering machine breast board with near zero edge effect, air leakage on two sides of a sintering machine table surface is reduced, and uniformity of air quantity in the transverse direction of a sintering machine is improved; the method adopts the measures of combining the two modes of installing and welding the novel ceramic lining plate and spraying the high-temperature wear-resistant material to solve the problem of air leakage at the air box and reduce the air leakage rate of a sintering system.
(7) The designed material preparation and blanking sequence comprises iron ore, coke powder, quicklime/light-burned dolomite, limestone/dolomite, return mine and fly ash in sequence. And after the dolomite is fed, a distributor is added on a belt, a groove is formed in the middle of the material, water which is originally added in a primary mixing cylinder is added on the belt, the water is added into the groove of the material, and the quicklime is digested in advance, so that the digested quicklime is adhered to the surface of the coke powder, and the pretreatment of the fuel is realized. The slaked lime pretreatment has an improvement effect on the granulation effect, the content of the mixture plus 5mm is obviously increased, the average particle size of the uniformly mixed material is increased, and the air permeability is improved; the carbon content in the +3mm granulated pellet is increased, the carbon distribution law is improved from 72.68% to 76.63%, and more fuel grows into the pellet with larger size fraction. The coke powder is pretreated by adopting the slaked lime, so that the conversion rate of fuel N is reduced, the NOx emission concentration is reduced, the clean production level of sintering is improved, and the NOx tail end treatment cost is reduced.
The method has the beneficial effects that:
(1) through the development and application of the low-water granulation technology, the low-pressure steam is used for efficiently preheating the mixture to increase the material temperature, the micro negative pressure ignition technology is used for developing and applying, and the three-row material loosening device is used for improving the material thickness, reducing the machine speed of the sintering machine, promoting the sintering crystallization reaction, reducing the internal ore return rate and improving the quality and the yield of the sintered ore.
(2) The bottleneck of large airflow resistance in the process of ultrahigh material layer sintering is broken through, the ultrahigh material layer low negative pressure sintering technology is constructed, the material layer thickness is increased to over 930mm from 730mm, the sintering negative pressure is reduced to 14.5-15.5 kPa from 16.0-17.0 kPa, low power consumption and low fuel consumption sintering under the ultrahigh material layer condition is realized, and the sintering cost is reduced.
(3) Aiming at sintering NOx with high treatment difficulty and large emission, a low NOx combustion control principle in the sintering process is provided, a NOx generation inhibiting technology based on fuel selective distribution is initiated, the emission of the sintering original flue gas NOx is reduced by about 37%, and the efficient process emission reduction of the sintering flue gas NOx is realized.
Detailed Description
The following is illustrated with reference to the examples:
example 1
(1) Preparing materials: the blanking sequence is iron-containing raw materials, coke powder, quicklime, limestone, dolomite, return fines and fly ash in sequence, wherein the mass percent of each raw material is as follows: iron-containing raw material =88, fuel =4.0, quicklime 6.0, limestone =1.0, dolomite = 1.0; the return ores and the fly ash are used as sintering circulating materials, the blending amount is calculated according to the ratio of the return ores/dust ÷ (iron-containing raw materials + fuel + quicklime + dolomite + limestone), the return ores =14.1%, and the fly ash = 1.3. Each material is fed to a belt 1 through a batching scale, a distributor (behind a dolomite feeding point) is added on the belt 1 to form a groove in the middle of the material, desulfurization wastewater (the wastewater is preheated by steam to improve the temperature of the material) is added into the groove of the material, and the quicklime is digested in advance.
(2) Mixing and granulating: mixing and granulating the iron-containing raw material, fuel, quicklime, limestone, dolomite, return ores and fly ash by a mixer to obtain a sintering mixture; the atomized water spray heads are installed on the second mixing machine for adding water in a segmented mode, the water adding amount is 4t/h (the water content of the mixed material is 6.2%), and the proportion of the particles with the diameter of 3mm in the mixed material after the second mixing machine is granulated is 8% higher than that of the mixed material before the second mixing machine is granulated.
(3) Preheating a mixture: preheating the mixture in a secondary mixing and mixing bin by adopting low-pressure steam, and increasing the temperature of the mixture to 80 ℃.
(4) Micro negative pressure ignition: the negative pressure of the 1# air box is adjusted to 4kPa, the negative pressure of the 2# air box is adjusted to 6kPa, the negative pressure of the 3# air box is adjusted to 7kPa, and the negative pressure of a hearth is adjusted to-5 Pa by controlling the opening of an air door of the sintering air box, so that micro-negative-pressure ignition is realized; so as to improve the air permeability of the sintering original material layer.
(5) Loosening materials: 3 rows of material loosening devices are arranged to ensure good air permeability in the sintering process.
The length of the sintering machine is 90m, the mixed material at 85 ℃ is distributed to a trolley of the sintering machine at the machine head, the material is loosened by three rows of loosening devices, the thickness of the distributed material is 930mm, the mixed material is ignited by an igniter for air draft sintering, the ignition temperature is 1040 ℃, the negative pressure of the air draft is 15100kpa, and the machine speed of the sintering machine is set to be (1.60-1.65) m/min.
After the invention is adopted, the output per machine hour of sintering is improved by 3 percent, the drum strength of the sintering ore is improved from 77 percent to 79.5 percent, the burning consumption of sintering solid is reduced by 1.8kg/t, the concentration of NOx in the flue gas of the sintering raw material is reduced from 260mg/Nm 3 to 163 mg/Nm 3, and the emission is reduced by about 37 percent.
Example 2
(1) Preparing materials: the blanking sequence is iron-containing raw materials, coke powder, quicklime, limestone, dolomite, return fines and fly ash in sequence, wherein the mass percent of each raw material is as follows: iron-containing raw material =87.7, fuel =4.0, quicklime 6.5, limestone =0.8, dolomite = 1.0; the return ores and the fly ash are used as sintering circulating materials, the blending amount is calculated according to the ratio of the return ores/dust ÷ (iron-containing raw materials + fuel + quicklime + dolomite + limestone), the return ores =15.1, and the fly ash = 1.5. Each material is fed to a belt 1 through a batching scale, a distributor (behind a dolomite feeding point) is added on the belt 1 to form a groove in the middle of the material, desulfurization wastewater (the wastewater is preheated by steam to improve the temperature of the material) is added into the groove of the material, and the quicklime is digested in advance.
(2) Mixing and granulating: mixing and granulating the iron-containing raw material, fuel, quicklime, limestone, dolomite, return ores and fly ash by a mixer to obtain a sintering mixture; the atomized water spray heads are arranged on the second mixing machine for adding water in a segmented mode, the water adding amount is 4.5t/h (the water content of the mixed material is 6.3%), and the proportion of the water with the particle size of 3mm in the mixed material after the second mixing machine is granulated is improved by 9% compared with that before the second mixing machine is granulated.
(3) Preheating a mixture: preheating the mixture in a secondary mixing and mixing bin by adopting low-pressure steam, and raising the temperature of the mixture to 78 ℃.
(4) Micro negative pressure ignition: the negative pressure of the 1# air box is adjusted to 4kPa, the negative pressure of the 2# air box is adjusted to 6.5kPa, the negative pressure of the 3# air box is adjusted to 7kPa, and the negative pressure of a hearth is adjusted to-6 Pa by controlling the opening of an air door of the sintering air box, so that micro-negative-pressure ignition is realized; so as to improve the air permeability of the sintering original material layer.
(5) Loosening materials: 3 rows of material loosening devices are arranged to ensure good air permeability in the sintering process.
The length of the sintering machine is 110m, mixed material cloth at 78 ℃ is added to a trolley of the sintering machine at a machine head, the material is loosened through three rows of loosening devices, the thickness of the cloth is 940mm, the mixed material cloth is ignited by an igniter for air draft sintering, the ignition temperature is 1050 ℃, the air draft negative pressure is 15300kpa, and the machine speed of the sintering machine is set to be (1.65-1.75) m/min.
By adopting the method, the output per machine hour of the sintering machine is improved by 4 percent, the drum strength of the sintering ore is improved from 77 percent to 80 percent, the burning consumption of the sintering solid is reduced by 2kg/t, and the concentration of NOx in the original sintering flue gas is reduced from 270mg/Nm3Down to 170 mg/Nm3And the emission is reduced by about 37 percent.
Claims (1)
1. The sintering method of the super-thick material layer sintering ore comprises the following steps that the thickness of a sintering material layer is 920-950 mm, and the sintering water content is 6.2-6.4%; the sintering negative pressure is 14.5-15.5 kpa, and the method is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
(1) preparing materials: the method comprises the following steps of sequentially feeding raw materials, by mass, 80-90% of iron-containing raw materials, 3.5-5.0% of coke powder, 5.5-6.5% of quick lime, 0.5-1.0% of limestone, 0.5-1.0% of dolomite, 11.8-14.1% of return ores and 1.3-1.9% of dust; each material is fed to a belt 1 by a batching scale, a dolomite feeding point for a material distributor is arranged on the belt 1, a groove is formed in the middle of the material, and the desulfurized wastewater is preheated by steam and then added into the groove of the material;
(2) mixing and granulating: mixing and granulating the iron-containing raw material, fuel, quicklime, limestone, dolomite, return ores and fly ash by a mixer to obtain a sintering mixture; adding water in a secondary mixing mode through an atomized water spray head in a segmented mode, wherein the water adding amount is 3-5 t/h; the proportion of +3mm in the grade of the mixture after the second mixing and granulation is improved by 7-15% compared with that before the granulation;
(3) preheating a mixture: preheating the mixture in a secondary mixing and mixing bin by adopting low-pressure steam, and increasing the temperature of the mixture to 70-90 ℃;
(4) micro negative pressure ignition: controlling the air box negative pressure to be 4-7 kPa through the opening degree of an air door of the sintering air box, and adjusting the negative pressure of a hearth to-10-5 Pa;
(5) loosening materials: 3 rows of material loosening devices are arranged to ensure good air permeability in the sintering process.
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| CN114540616A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-27 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of high-performance pellets and application of high-performance pellets in pellet sintering process |
| CN114540616B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2023-07-28 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of high-performance pellets and application of high-performance pellets in pellet sintering process |
| CN115058589A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-09-16 | 天津钢铁集团有限公司 | Sintered ore production method for achieving material distribution thickness of sintering machine to be 950-1000mm |
| CN115058589B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-10-10 | 天津钢铁集团有限公司 | Sinter production method for realizing cloth thickness of sintering machine reaching 950 mm-1000 mm |
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