CN112077779B

CN112077779B - Automatic aligning device

Info

Publication number: CN112077779B
Application number: CN202010779666.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 司瑞玲; 张敬
Original assignee: Dongfeng Electric Drive Systems Co Ltd
Current assignee: Dongfeng Electric Drive Systems Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-05
Filing date: 2020-08-05
Publication date: 2022-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-05
Also published as: CN112077779A

Abstract

The utility model provides an automatic aligning device, involves the assembly field of reduction gear assembly, and this aligning device is used for unifying the alignment to the position of planet carrier round pin post, aligning device includes: the positioning seat is provided with a central mounting hole matched with the shell and a positioning pin arranged on the positioning seat and used for positioning the shell. A drive shaft; the driving shaft is vertically arranged right above the positioning seat; the positioning sleeve is sleeved at the lower end of the driving shaft and can move up and down along the driving shaft; the lower end surface of the positioning sleeve is provided with positioning holes matched and corresponding to the pin columns of the planet carrier; therefore, after the planet carrier pin column on each speed reducer assembly passes through the alignment device, the planet carrier pin columns are all in the same and uniform position, and the automatic assembly of the planetary gear in the next step is facilitated; and utilize automatic alignment to compare in traditional artifical alignment, automatic alignment is favorable to improving the reliability of assembly more.

Description

Automatic aligning device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of assembly of speed reducer assemblies, in particular to an automatic alignment device.

Background

The reducer assembly 1000 is assembled by the housing 100, the carrier 200, the carrier pins 300, and the planetary gears 400 mounted on the carrier pins 300, see fig. 1.

In the current assembly process, the planetary gear 400 needs to be sleeved on the planet carrier pin 300, which is usually performed in a manual assembly manner, because the planet carrier 200 has a rotation property, so that the planet carrier pin 300 mounted on the planet carrier 200 cannot have a fixed position, that is, the planet carrier pin 300 rotates together with the rotation of the planet carrier 200; the position of the carrier pins 300 cannot be determined until the planet gears 400 are nested around the carrier pins 300.

However, with the requirement of automatic assembly, the automatic production assembly is a conventional requirement in the field of machining, and the automatic assembly is favorable for ensuring the production efficiency and further reducing the working strength of operators.

Therefore, how to assemble the automatic transmission assembly 1000, and especially the alignment setting of the planet carrier pins 300 (the alignment setting is understood to mean that the planet carrier pins 300 are unified in a fixed position before being assembled with the planetary gear 400) is a problem that needs to be solved by designers at present.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention designs the automatic alignment device, and in the automatic assembly of the speed reducer assembly, the alignment device is utilized to realize the unification of pin positions of the planet carrier, thereby ensuring the automatic sleeving of the planet gears in the follow-up process.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

an automatic alignment device for uniformly aligning the positions of pin columns of a planet carrier, the alignment device comprising:

the positioning seat is provided with a central mounting hole matched with the shell and a positioning pin arranged on the positioning seat and used for positioning the shell.

A drive shaft; the driving shaft is vertically arranged right above the positioning seat; and

the positioning sleeve is sleeved at the lower end of the driving shaft and can move up and down along the driving shaft; and the lower end surface of the positioning sleeve is provided with a positioning hole matched and corresponding to the pin column of the planet carrier.

Further, the device also comprises a fixed sleeve which is sleeved on the driving shaft and is fixed with the driving shaft through a bolt; the positioning sleeve is movably connected with the fixed sleeve through a guide rod.

Furthermore, a first buffer spring is arranged between the fixed sleeve and the positioning sleeve, and the positioning sleeve is elastically connected with the fixed sleeve through the first buffer spring.

Furthermore, a guide pin which is coaxial with the driving shaft and used for positioning the central hole of the planet carrier is arranged on the driving shaft; the lower end of the driving shaft is provided with a guide groove, and the tail end of the guide pin is positioned in the guide groove, so that the guide pin can slide up and down in the guide groove; the front end of the guide pin extends downwards and penetrates out of the lower end face of the positioning sleeve.

Furthermore, a second buffer spring is arranged between the guide pin and the positioning sleeve, and the guide pin is elastically connected with the positioning sleeve in the vertical direction through the second buffer spring.

Furthermore, the alignment device further comprises a first sensor, and the first sensor is arranged beside the positioning sleeve to monitor whether the positioning hole of the positioning sleeve is sleeved on the pin column of the planet carrier.

Furthermore, the alignment device further comprises a second sensor, wherein the second sensor is arranged beside the driving shaft to monitor the rotation of the driving shaft and judge whether the planet carrier pin is driven to rotate to a preset alignment position.

Further, the alignment device also comprises a jacking plate; the jacking plate is used for jacking the positioning seat so as to enable the planet carrier pin of the speed reducer assembly to be abutted against the lower end face of the positioning sleeve.

Furthermore, the positioning seat comprises a bearing plate, a base and a supporting plate, and the base is fixed on the supporting plate; the bearing plate is detachably connected with the base; the locating pin is fixed on the bearing plate.

Furthermore, the bearing plate has multiple specifications, and the bearing plate with multiple specifications can be selectively installed on the base

The beneficial effect that adopts this technical scheme to reach does:

the planet carrier pin column is sleeved on the planet carrier pin column through the positioning sleeve, the driving shaft is used for driving the positioning sleeve to rotate so as to enable the planet carrier pin column to synchronously rotate, and when the driving shaft rotates to a preset alignment angle, the planet carrier pin column also rotates to the preset alignment angle, namely to an alignment position; therefore, after the planet carrier pin column on each speed reducer assembly passes through the alignment device, the planet carrier pin columns are all in the same and uniform position, and the automatic assembly of the planetary gear in the next step is facilitated; and utilize automatic alignment to compare in traditional artifical alignment, automatic alignment is favorable to improving the reliability of assembly more.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a reducer assembly.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the front of the aligning apparatus.

Fig. 3 is a perspective structure view of the positioning seat.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the side of the positioning base.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of the positioning sleeve and the driving shaft.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 5 showing the inner structure of the positioning sleeve and the drive shaft.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the carrier plate.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of B-B in fig. 7, showing the structure of the first locking notch.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the base.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the lock block.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of locking the carrier plate and the base by using the locking piece.

Wherein: 10 locating seats, 11 central mounting holes, 12 locating pins, 13 bearing plates, 14 bases, 15 supporting plates, 16 locking blocks, 17 springs, 20 driving shafts, 21 first inductors, 22 second inductors, 23 approach contacts, 30 locating sleeves, 31 locating holes, 32 fixing sleeves, 34 guide rods, 35 first buffer springs, 40 guide pins, 41 second buffer springs, 50 jacking plates, 100 shells, 131 first locking ports, 141 second locking ports, 142 first mounting holes, 161 locking hooks, 162 locking bodies, 163 second mounting holes, 300 planet carrier pin columns, 400 planet gears, 500 planet carrier central holes and 1000 reducer assemblies.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The embodiment provides an automatic alignment device, which is used for uniformly aligning the positions of planet carrier pin columns 300 in the assembling process of a speed reducer assembly 1000 so as to facilitate the automatic sleeving assembly of planet gears 400 and the planet carrier pin columns 300 in the next process, thereby realizing the automatic assembly of the whole speed reducer assembly 1000.

In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 4, the alignment device comprises a positioning seat 10, a driving shaft 20 and a positioning sleeve 30; wherein, a central mounting hole 11 and a positioning pin 12 are arranged on the positioning seat 10; the central mounting hole 11 is used for matching with the shell 100, and the shell 100 is axially mounted in the central mounting hole 11 so that the positioning seat 10 provides stable supporting force for the shell 100; in order to prevent the housing 100 mounted on the central mounting hole 11 from rotating, the positioning pin 12 is directly inserted into the positioning hole of the housing 100 to complete circumferential locking of the housing 100 and ensure stability thereof.

Referring to fig. 2, 5-6, the driving shaft 20 is vertically disposed right above the positioning seat 10, the positioning sleeve 30 is sleeved on the driving shaft 20, and the lower end surface of the positioning sleeve 30 is provided with a positioning hole 31, where the lower end surface refers to an end surface of the positioning sleeve 30 facing the positioning seat 10; the positioning hole 31 arranged on the end face can be matched with the planet carrier pin 300; the rotation of the driving shaft 20 can drive the positioning sleeve 30 to synchronously rotate; rotation here means that the drive shaft 20 rotates about its own axis a, so that the positioning sleeve 30 likewise rotates about axis a; of course, in order to make the positioning holes 31 of the positioning sleeve 30 smoothly sleeve the planet carrier pins 300 and avoid the planet carrier pins 300 from being in hard contact with the lower end surface of the positioning sleeve 30, the positioning sleeve 30 of the present embodiment is designed to move up and down along the axial direction of the axis a.

In a specific alignment operation, referring to fig. 2, the housing 100 is firstly positioned and mounted on the positioning seat 10, then the positioning seat 10 is moved upwards so that the distance between the housing 100 and the positioning sleeve 30 is gradually reduced, and the movement is stopped when the planet carrier pin 300 moved into the housing 100 abuts against the lower end face of the positioning sleeve 30; because the positioning sleeve 30 is sleeved on the driving shaft 20 and can move up and down, when the planet carrier pin 300 moves up to abut against the lower end face of the positioning sleeve 30, the situation that the planet carrier pin 300 is in hard contact with the positioning sleeve 30 can be effectively avoided, and effective protection for both sides is formed.

When the planet carrier pin 300 abuts against the lower end face of the positioning sleeve 30 and the positioning seat 10 does not move upwards any more, the driving shaft 20 starts to rotate to drive the positioning sleeve 30 to rotate synchronously, and in the rotating process of the positioning sleeve 30, when the positioning hole 31 corresponds to the planet carrier pin 300 in position, the positioning sleeve 30 falls under the action of self gravity, so that the positioning hole 31 in the positioning sleeve 30 is sleeved on the planet carrier pin 300; the drive shaft 20 is then rotated further so that the drive shaft 20 rotates the carrier pins 300 synchronously until the predetermined alignment position is reached.

Specifically, taking the operation of this embodiment as an example: after the positioning sleeve 30 abuts against the planet carrier pin 300, the driving shaft 20 rotates clockwise by a certain preset angle, and in the rotating process of the driving shaft 20, the positioning sleeve 30 enables the positioning hole 31 to complete the sleeve connection with the planet carrier pin 300 due to the gravity; when the clockwise preset angle is rotated to the right, the driving shaft 20 starts to rotate anticlockwise to drive the planet carrier pin 300 to rotate anticlockwise together, and the planet carrier pin 300 stops rotating anticlockwise to the preset angle, and the position of the planet carrier pin 300 is the alignment position required in the assembly process; finally, the positioning socket 10 starts to move back and down to separate the positioning sleeve 30 from the planet carrier pin 300.

Generally, four planet carrier pins 300 are arranged, four planet carrier pins 300 are annularly arranged, and two adjacent planet carrier pins 300 are not equiangular, so that four positioning holes 31 are also arranged, and the design structure of the four positioning holes 31 is the same as that of the four planet carrier pins 300; thus, assuming that the preset clockwise rotation angle of the driving shaft 20 is 360 °, that is, when the driving shaft 20 rotates clockwise by a fixed angle of 360 °, the positioning hole 31 certainly completes the socket joint of the planet carrier pin 300; the drive shaft 20 then rotates counterclockwise with the carrier pin 300, causing the carrier pin 300 to rotate to the alignment position.

Optionally, the driving shaft 20 may also complete alignment of the planet carrier pin 300 by rotating along the same direction, that is, when the driving shaft 20 rotates clockwise by a fixed angle of 360 degrees, the positioning hole 31 certainly completes socket joint of the planet carrier pin 300; the drive shaft 20 then continues to rotate clockwise bringing the carrier pin 300 into rotation until the carrier pin 300 has rotated to the pre-set alignment position.

Optionally, an external tool is used to determine whether the positioning sleeve 30 completes alignment of the planet carrier pin 300, specifically, a first sensor 21 is disposed beside the positioning sleeve 30, and the first sensor 21 is used to monitor whether the positioning hole 31 of the positioning sleeve 30 is sleeved on the planet carrier pin 300; and a second sensor 22 is provided beside the driving shaft 20, and the second sensor 22 is used to monitor the rotation of the driving shaft 20 and determine whether the carrier pin 300 is driven to rotate to the preset alignment position.

The specific working mode is as follows: when the first sensor 21 detects that the positioning hole 31 finishes the action of being sleeved into the planet carrier pin 300, an in-place signal is sent out; then the second sensor 22 is started and monitors the driving shaft 20, the approach contact 23 is arranged on the driving shaft 20, when the driving shaft 20 continues to rotate until the approach contact 23 approaches the second sensor 22, the second sensor sends out a position signal, which indicates that the driving shaft 20 drives the planet carrier pin 300 to rotate to the alignment position required by assembly.

Through the operations of the above steps, the positioning seat 10, the driving shaft 20 and the positioning sleeve 30 are mutually matched, so that the planet carrier pin 300 with an uncertain position has a definite assembling position under the action of the alignment device, and the installation and the assembly of the planet gear 400 in the next step are facilitated.

In this embodiment, the rotation of the driving shaft 20 is realized by a driving motor, the driving shaft 20 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor through a coupler, and the driving motor is used to realize clockwise rotation or counterclockwise rotation of the driving shaft 20.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 6, a fixing sleeve 32 is disposed on the driving shaft 20, the fixing sleeve 32 is sleeved on the driving shaft 20 and fixed to the driving shaft 20 by a bolt, and the positioning sleeve 30 is movably connected to the fixing sleeve 32 by a guide rod 34.

The stability of the connection is ensured by the locking of the fixing sleeve 32 with the drive shaft 20, and the circumferential rotation of the positioning sleeve 30 is effectively prevented by the bolt locking, so that the positioning sleeve 30 can only move linearly in the direction of the axis A through the guide rod 34.

Optionally, a first buffer spring 35 is disposed between the fixed sleeve 32 and the positioning sleeve 30, the positioning sleeve 30 is elastically connected to the fixed sleeve 32 through the first buffer spring 35, and when the planet carrier pin 300 abuts against the lower end surface of the positioning sleeve 30, the first buffer spring 35 can also cause the positioning hole 31 on the positioning sleeve 30 to be sleeved on the planet carrier pin 300 under the condition of providing a buffering effect.

In the present embodiment, the driving shaft 20 is provided with a guide pin 40, wherein the guide pin 40 is located at the front end of the driving shaft 20 and is arranged coaxially therewith; specifically, the lower end of the driving shaft 20 is provided with a guide groove, the tail end of the guide pin 40 is located in the guide groove so that the guide pin 40 can slide up and down in the guide groove, and the front end of the guide pin 40 extends downward and penetrates through the lower end surface of the positioning sleeve 30.

The guide pin 40 is used for positioning the planet carrier central hole 500, and the positioning here specifically means pre-positioning, that is, before the planet carrier pin 300 abuts against the lower end face of the positioning sleeve 30 in the process that the positioning seat 10 moves upwards, the guide pin 40 will be abutted into the planet carrier central hole 500 first; by adopting the pre-positioning mode, the axis of the central hole 500 of the planet carrier and the axis A of the driving shaft 20 are aligned and collinear, so that after the planet carrier pin 300 abuts against the lower end face of the positioning sleeve 30, the positioning hole 31 on the positioning sleeve 30 can be accurately sleeved on the planet carrier pin 300 under the rotation of the driving shaft 20, and the situation of dislocation is avoided.

Optionally, a second buffer spring 41 is disposed between the guide pin 40 and the positioning sleeve 30, the guide pin 40 is elastically connected to the positioning sleeve 30 in the vertical direction through the second buffer spring 41, and the second buffer spring 41 is used to provide elastic buffer for the butt joint between the guide pin 40 and the central hole 500 of the planet carrier.

Here, the second buffer spring 41 is elastically contacted with the positioning sleeve 30, the positioning sleeve 30 is elastically contacted with the fixed sleeve 32 through the first buffer spring 35, and the abutting force from the carrier member is reduced through the first buffer spring 35 and the second buffer spring 41, so that the effective protection of the positioning sleeve 30 is formed, and the great promotion effect is provided for prolonging the service life of the positioning sleeve 30.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the upward movement and the retraction movement of the positioning seat 10 are realized by a jacking mechanism, that is, the positioning seat 10 is disposed on the jacking mechanism, and the jacking mechanism jacks the positioning seat 10 to realize the abutment of the planet carrier pin 300 and the positioning sleeve 30.

Specifically, the jacking mechanism comprises a jacking plate 50; the jacking plate 50 is used for jacking the positioning seat 10 so as to enable the planet carrier pin 300 to abut against the lower end face of the positioning sleeve 30.

The lifting and retracting of the lifting plate 50 is realized by a driving member, and the lifting plate 50 is driven by the driving member to lift and lower the positioning seat 10.

In this embodiment, the driving member is a driving cylinder, the lifting plate 50 is fixed on an output shaft of the cylinder, and the lifting plate 50 is lifted or retracted by using the telescopic performance of the cylinder; of course, the driving member here may also be a driving motor, the motor drives the lifting plate 50 through a screw rod, and the motor drives the screw rod to rotate forward and backward to lift or retract the lifting plate 50.

Considering that the speed reducer assembly has multiple specifications, the positioning hole position of the shell of each specification speed reducer assembly is inconsistent, so different positioning seats 10 are needed to be matched and assembled with the speed reducer assemblies of different specifications, but in order to ensure the positioning stability of the positioning seats 10, the positioning seats 10 are designed to be thick and heavy, the speed reducer assemblies of different specifications are matched with different positioning seats 10, and not only is the replacement difficult, but also the investment of more mold cost is caused by manufacturing different positioning seats 10.

Therefore, in order to ensure that the positioning seat 10 can have a certain versatility, in this embodiment, the positioning seat 10 is designed to be composed of several parts, see fig. 3 to 4, that is, the positioning seat 10 includes a support plate 13, a base 14 and a support plate 15, the support plate 15 is used for providing a supporting force for the support plate 13 and the base 14, the support plate 13 is detachably connected with the base 14, the support plate 13 can be designed into different specifications, each specification is suitable for a housing 100 with different specifications, so that when assembling different reducer assemblies, only the corresponding support plate 13 needs to be replaced on the base 14, rapid change can be realized, and replacing the support plate 13 on the positioning seat 10 is not only convenient for replacement, but also saves cost.

When assembling the positioning seat 10, the base 14 is first fixed on the supporting plate 15 by bolts, then the supporting plate 13 is installed on the base 14, and finally the positioning pin 12 is fixed on the supporting plate 13, thereby completing the installation of the positioning seat 10.

In this embodiment, in order to realize the quick detachable connection between the carrier plate 13 and the base 14, the locking piece 16 is adopted.

Referring to fig. 7-11, a 7-shaped notch is formed on an inner wall of the carrier plate 13 to form a first locking notch 131, a through second locking notch 141 is formed on the base 14, the first locking notch 131 corresponds to the second locking notch 141, and a first mounting hole 142 is formed at the bottom of the second locking notch 141.

The lock 16 includes a locking hook 161 adapted to the first locking notch 131 and a lock 162 adapted to the second locking notch 141, and a second mounting hole 163 corresponding to the first mounting hole 142 is formed at the bottom of the lock 162.

Referring to fig. 11, when the carrier plate 13 and the base 14 are quickly locked by the lock block 16, the lock body 162 of the lock block 16 is clamped into the second lock opening 141, so that the first mounting hole 142 and the second mounting hole 163 correspond to each other to form a spring accommodating cavity for accommodating the spring 17, and after the spring 17 is mounted in the spring accommodating cavity, the lock hook 161 is directly locked in the first lock opening 131 under the elastic force of the spring 17 on the lock block 16, thereby completing the quick mounting of the carrier plate 13 and the base 14.

Because the lock 16 is connected in the second lock notch 141 by the spring 17 and is engaged with the first lock notch 131, when the carrier plate 13 needs to be replaced, the operator only needs to press the lock 16 inward to make the lock hook 161 of the lock 16 swing inward to be disengaged from the first lock notch 131, and the direction F in the figure is the direction of the force applied by the operator.

The locking hooks 161 can simultaneously realize axial locking and circumferential locking of the carrier plate 13; axial locking here is to be understood as meaning that the carrier plate 13 cannot be moved up and down along its axis, circumferential locking is to be understood as meaning that the carrier plate 13 cannot be rotated about its axis, and quick detachable mounting of the carrier plate 13 and the base 14 is achieved by means of a locking piece 16.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. An automatic alignment device for unified alignment of the positions of planet carrier pins (300), characterized in that it comprises:

the positioning seat (10) is provided with a central mounting hole (11) matched with the shell (100) and a positioning pin (12) arranged on the positioning seat (10) and used for positioning the shell (100);

a drive shaft (20); the driving shaft (20) is vertically arranged right above the positioning seat (10); and

the positioning sleeve (30) is sleeved at the lower end of the driving shaft (20) and can move up and down along the driving shaft (20); the lower end face of the positioning sleeve (30) is provided with a positioning hole (31) which is matched and corresponding to the planet carrier pin (300);

the driving shaft (20) is provided with a guide pin (40) which is coaxial with the driving shaft and used for positioning a central hole (500) of the planet carrier; the lower end of the driving shaft (20) is provided with a guide groove, and the tail end of the guide pin (40) is positioned in the guide groove, so that the guide pin (40) can slide up and down in the guide groove; the front end of the guide pin (40) extends downwards and penetrates out of the lower end face of the positioning sleeve (30).

2. The automatic aligning apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a fixing sleeve (32), wherein the fixing sleeve (32) is sleeved on the driving shaft (20) and fixed with the driving shaft (20) by a bolt; the positioning sleeve (30) is movably connected with the fixed sleeve (32) through a guide rod (34).

3. The automatic centering device according to claim 2, wherein a first buffer spring (35) is disposed between the fixing sleeve (32) and the positioning sleeve (30), and the positioning sleeve (30) is elastically connected to the fixing sleeve (32) through the first buffer spring (35).

4. The automatic centering device according to claim 1, wherein a second buffer spring (41) is provided between the guide pin (40) and the positioning sleeve (30), and the guide pin (40) is elastically connected to the positioning sleeve (30) in a vertical direction by the second buffer spring (41).

5. The automatic aligning device of claim 1, 3 or 4, further comprising a first sensor (21), wherein the first sensor (21) is disposed beside the positioning sleeve (30) to monitor whether the positioning hole (31) of the positioning sleeve (30) is sleeved on the planet carrier pin (300).

6. The automatic aligning apparatus of claim 5, further comprising a second sensor (22), wherein the second sensor (22) is disposed beside the driving shaft (20) to monitor the rotation of the driving shaft (20) and determine whether the carrier pin (300) is driven to rotate to a predetermined aligning position.

7. The automatic aligning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the aligning apparatus further comprises a jacking plate (50); the jacking plate (50) is used for jacking the positioning seat (10) so as to enable the planet carrier pin (300) of the speed reducer assembly to be abutted against the lower end face of the positioning sleeve (30).

8. The automatic centering device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that said positioning seat (10) comprises a carrier plate (13), a base (14) and a support plate (15), said base (14) being fixed on said support plate (15); the bearing plate (13) is detachably connected with the base (14); the positioning pin (12) is fixed on the bearing plate (13).

9. The automatic centering device according to claim 8, wherein the carrier plate (13) has a plurality of sizes, and the carrier plate (13) having the plurality of sizes is selectively installed with the base (14).