CN216858485U - Fixing tool for gear machining - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fixed tool for gear machining, which is fixed on a workbench of a machine tool, the machine tool also comprises a tailstock centre (2), and the fixed tool comprises: a base (3) configured to be fixed to the table, the base being provided with a base apex (33) for axially fixing the gear (1) to be machined in coaxial alignment with the tailstock apex; a counterpart (4) for mating with the gear, having a bottom end for mating with the base tip and a top end for non-rotatably fixed connection with the gear, the base tip, the counterpart, the gear and the tailstock tip being coaxially aligned in a state in which the gear is mounted to the machine tool; a holding device (5) arranged on the base and fixed circumferentially relative to the base, the holding device having a holding state holding the counterpart so as to be rotatable synchronously with the base and a release state releasing the counterpart. According to the fixing tool, the manual alignment link is omitted, the machining efficiency is improved, and the machining consistency is ensured.

Description

A fixed frock for gear machining

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fixing tool for gear machining.

Background

In the field of manufacturing of industrial reducers, planetary reducers have the characteristics of small size, light weight, large transmission ratio range and the like, and become one of the reducers most widely applied to the field. The reliability of the planetary reducer is directly related to the benefits of using enterprises, and the gear component is used as a key ring for the transmission of the planetary reducer and has more severe quality requirements. The machining method of the sun gear in the gear component comprises hobbing rough machining and grinding finish machining, and in order to ensure that the final precision of the sun gear is 6 grades, the precision of a workpiece after hobbing rough machining is required to be within 8 grades. Although the machining difficulty of the hobbing precision in the industry is low, the existing machining tool needs to manually align the machining reference of the sun gear before hobbing, the tool is low in production efficiency, the machining cost is increased, human factors exist in alignment, and the uniformity of workpieces is affected.

As shown in fig. 1, the existing domestic gear hobbing tool for the sun gear is provided with a body 100 for positioning the end face of a workpiece, the body 100 is provided with a screw 101, after the workpiece 200 is loaded, a locking nut 300 is used for locking the excircle runout of the workpiece in a multipoint alignment manner within 0.05mm, and the workpiece 200 is fixed by a locking hydraulic nut 400. When the tool is used for machining, manual alignment is needed, time and labor are wasted, machining consistency is poor, in addition, the shifting condition of the workpiece 200 is frequent when the hydraulic nut 400 is locked, the outer circle of the sun wheel jumps beyond a certain numerical value, and the alignment needs to be performed again.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome at least one defect in the prior art, the utility model provides a fixing tool for gear machining, which omits a manual alignment link, thereby greatly improving the machining efficiency.

The utility model provides a fixing tool for gear machining, which is constructed to be fixed on a workbench of a machining machine tool, the machining machine tool further comprises a tailstock center, and the fixing tool comprises: a base configured to be fixed to the table, the base provided with a base apex for coaxial alignment with the tailstock apex to axially fix a gear to be machined; a counterpart for mating with said gear having a bottom end for mating with said base tip and a top end for fixed connection with said gear, said base tip, said counterpart, said gear and said tailstock tip being coaxially aligned in a state of said gear mounted to said machine tool; and a holding device which is arranged on the base and is circumferentially fixed relative to the base, wherein the holding device has a holding state for holding the counterpart to be capable of synchronously rotating with the base and a releasing state for releasing the counterpart.

According to one embodiment, the top end of the counterpart is configured to be screwed with the gear.

According to one embodiment, the counterpart has a top end face for supporting the gear and a stud section axially outwardly projecting from the top end face, the stud section being coaxial with the base point, the gear having a threaded bore for mating with the stud section.

According to one embodiment, the screw thread direction of the screw-threaded section coincides with the direction of rotation of the table.

According to one embodiment, the top end of the counterpart is configured to be connected with a tight fit with the gear wheel by means of a bayonet, snap fit or key pin fit.

According to one embodiment, the counterpart has one or more of the following features: the counterpart is formed as a revolution structure having a center axis of revolution, which coincides with the axial direction; the outer surface of the counterpart is formed with one or more recesses or protrusions for cooperating with a locking tool for locking the counterpart with the gear wheel; and the counterpart is formed as a standard piece that mates with the gear.

According to one embodiment, the holding device is formed as a embracing bowl slidably sleeved on the base top, the embracing bowl comprises two half embracing bowls which can be opened and closed, and the two half embracing bowls are provided with fasteners capable of fastening the two half embracing bowls on the counterparts at the butt joint positions of the two half embracing bowls.

According to one embodiment, the holding device comprises one or more supports fixed on the base around the base tip and positioning pins correspondingly arranged on the supports, the positioning pins being configured to be insertable into the counterparts to bring the counterparts into synchronous rotation.

According to one embodiment, the gear has a structure for its own assembly, the tip of the counterpart corresponding to said structure.

According to one embodiment, the gear machining is a hobbing of the sun gear and the structure is a lifting eye of the sun gear.

According to the fixing tool, the axial and circumferential fixing of the gear is realized through the arrangement of the paired objects matched with the gear to be machined and the double centers and the fixing device, so that the manual alignment link is omitted, the machining efficiency is improved, and the consistency of gear machining is ensured.

Drawings

Further features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the description and illustrations that follow, in which specific details of various embodiments according to the utility model are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below.

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fixing tool according to the related art in a state of fixing a workpiece.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fixing tool in a state of fixing a workpiece according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a bowl of the fixture shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a fixing tool according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Specific embodiments and modifications thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

For convenience in description, spatially relative terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", and the like, are used herein to define various components and their connections. This is not intended to be limiting. These relative spatial relationships may be reversed or changed accordingly as the orientation of the components is changed without affecting the scope of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a fixing tool according to one embodiment of the present invention in a state of fixing a gear 1 to be machined. The fixing tool is intended to be fixed to a table (not shown) of a machine tool in order to co-operate with a tailstock centre 2 of the machine tool for coaxially fixing a gear 1 to be machined. The tailstock centre 2 extends along an axis a. As shown in fig. 2, the fixing tool includes a base 3, a counterpart 4 for mating with the gear 1, and a holding device 5 disposed between the base 3 and the counterpart 4.

The various components of the fixture are described in more detail below.

The base 3 is used for being fixed to a workbench of a processing machine tool, the base 3 is aligned by the workbench to make a base tip 33 (described later) coaxial with an axis a before being fixed, and then the base 3 and the workbench are fixed by fasteners such as bolts to be driven by the workbench to rotate synchronously. As shown in fig. 2, the base 3 has a bottom surface 31 for contacting the table and a top surface 32 opposite the bottom surface 31, on which top surface 32 a base tip 33 is provided for coaxial alignment along the axis a with the tailstock tip 2 of the processing machine before fixing the base 3 as previously described. The lower part of the base point 33 may be formed as a cylinder to be connected to the base 3, while the upper part is formed as a cone for fitting with a point hole 41 (to be described later) at the bottom end of the counterpart 4. Advantageously, the base apex 33 is formed integrally with the base 3, however it may also be a separate component fixed to the base 3.

With continued reference to fig. 2, counterpart 4 may be formed as a revolution structure having a center axis of revolution, e.g., as a cylinder (as shown in fig. 2), a truncated cone, a truncated ellipsoid, a truncated sphere, etc. In the fixed state shown in fig. 2, the centre axis of rotation of the counterpart 4 coincides with the axis a. The counterpart 4 has a bottom end cooperating with a base centre 33 of the base 3, e.g. with a lower part of the base centre 33, and a top end cooperating with a lower end of the gear wheel 1. The bottom end is formed with an axially extending tip hole 41, for example in the form of a blind hole, for insertion of the base tip 33 therein. The top end of the counterpart 4 is formed with a top end face 42 for supporting the gear 1 and a stud section 43 extending axially upward from the top end face 42, the stud section 43 being adapted to cooperate with the lower threaded hole 11 of the lower end of the gear 1. Depending on the different types of lower threaded holes 11 with which the gear 1 itself is equipped, the counterpart 4 can be provided with a corresponding threaded stud section 43 matching it. The bolt section 43 and the tip hole 41 of the counterpart 4 can be coaxially aligned with the base tip 33 of the base 3 by setting the dimensional tolerance of each part of the counterpart 4, and the axial line formed by the bolt section 43, the tip hole 41 and the base tip 33 of the base 3 and the possible moving freedom degree of the axial line A are restricted by the assembly contact of the top end surface 42 of the counterpart 4 and the gear 1, so that the coaxiality required by the double-tip fixed gear 1 is met. For example, the counterpart 4 uses the outer circle of the contact holding device 5 as a reference, the stud segment 43 has a coaxiality requirement with the reference, and the stud segment 43 itself has a cylindricity requirement; the top end face 42 of the counterpart 4 has a perpendicularity requirement with the reference, and the top end face 42 itself has a flatness requirement; the apex hole 41 of the counterpart 4 has a requirement for coaxiality with this reference and a requirement for roundness itself.

The screwing direction of the screw thread of the screw column section 43 can be set to be consistent with the rotating direction of a working table of a processing machine tool, so that the screw column section 43 is always in the screwing state during the rotation of the working table, and looseness between the gear 1 and a counterpart 4 in the processing process is effectively avoided.

Furthermore, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above-described threaded connection of the gear 1 and the counterpart 4 may also be in a counter-fitting manner. For example, the end of the gear wheel 1 can be provided with a threaded stud section, while the counterpart 4 is provided with a threaded hole into which the threaded stud section is screwed. Alternatively, the gear 1 and the counterpart 4 may also adopt other tight fitting methods such as plugging, snapping, key-pin fitting, etc. which axially align the two.

In order to facilitate locking of the counterpart 4 to the gear wheel 1, a recess 44 is provided on the outer surface of the counterpart 4, and a locking tool, such as a torque wrench, can be engaged with the recess 44 to turn the counterpart 4. The counterpart 4 may be provided with a single groove 44 extending in its circumferential direction or two grooves 44 diametrically opposite to each other at a position halfway in its axial direction. Alternatively, the groove 44 may also be provided at the bottom end of the counterpart 4, i.e. the end that mates with the base 3. Alternatively, the counterpart 4 may also be provided with projections such as projections or ribs instead of the grooves 44, as long as the locking means can grip the counterpart 4 and lock it to the gear wheel 1.

For different models of gear 1, a counterpart 4 can be provided which is adapted thereto. Taking the sun wheel as an example, the stud section 43 of the counterpart 4 can be arranged to match the thread of the lifting hole, since the sun wheel itself has a DS-type lifting hole for use in assembly. And, corresponding to the DS hole of different models, set up the torsion of equidimension through locking tool such as torque wrench to guarantee to add the uniformity of locking in batch processing. Furthermore, in the actual manufacturing process of mass-producing sun gears, a plurality of counterparts 4 may be used. For example, during the operation of the machine tool, the work of unloading the counterpart 4 is performed for the last machined workpiece, while the work of loading the counterpart 4 is performed for the next workpiece to be machined, thereby improving the production efficiency.

Before the gear 1 is machined, firstly, a counterpart 4 and the gear 1 are locked together, then the gear 1 and the counterpart 4 are placed on a base tip 33, and then a tailstock tip 2 of a machining tool extends into a tip hole at the upper part of the gear 1 to fix the gear 1 loaded with the counterpart 4 along the axial direction. Thereafter, the gear 1 is fixed circumferentially with respect to the base 3 by means of a retaining device 5, which will be described below.

The holding means 5 are arranged on the base 3 and are fixed circumferentially relative to the base 3. The holding device 5 may also be arranged to slide in an axial direction (up and down in fig. 2) relative to the base 3 in order to adjust the position of the holding device 5 to different counterpart 4 sizes. The holding device 5 has a holding state holding the counterpart 4 and a releasing state releasing the counterpart 4, in which holding state the holding device 5 holds the counterpart 4 to fix it circumferentially relative to the base 3, so that the base 3 drives the gear 1 to rotate synchronously via the holding device 5 and the counterpart 4. In the released state, the holding device 5 is moved away from the counterpart 4 in order to adjust the holding position of the holding device 5 if necessary.

The holding device 5 may be formed in the form of a embracing bowl as shown in fig. 2 and 3, which is formed in a bowl shape and consists of two half embracing bowls 51 that can be butted against each other. Each of the half hooping bowls 51 is provided with a fastening portion 53 having fastening holes 52 on a radially outer side where they are butted against each other, as shown in fig. 3, so that the two half hooping bowls 51 are fastened together by inserting the fastening member into the corresponding fastening hole 52 when they are butted against each other. The embracing bowl is arranged on the base 3 in a circumferential fixed mode and is sleeved on the lower part of the base center 33 in a sliding mode so as to slide along the axial direction of the base center 33. After the gear 1 and the counterpart 4 are axially fixed through the tailstock center 2 and the base center 33 of the processing machine tool, the holding bowls can slide along the base centers 33 to adjust the axial positions according to different sizes of different counterparts 4, after the axial positions are adjusted, two fasteners are respectively screwed to two sides of two half holding bowls 51, the lower end portions of the counterparts 4 are held tightly by the holding bowls, and therefore the gear 1 is circumferentially fixed relative to the base 3 through the counterparts 4.

Besides the above-described use of a embracing bowl to fix the gear 1, the holding device 5 may also use other forms of synchronous rotating mechanism. As shown in fig. 4, the holding device 5 may include one or more columns 54 disposed on the base 3 and positioning pins 55 disposed at top ends of the respective columns 54 and movable, and the plurality of positioning pins 55 may be disposed to be evenly distributed along the circumference of the counterpart 4. The peripheral outer surface of the counterpart 4 is provided with positioning holes (not shown) into which the positioning pins 55 are inserted. After the gear 1 has been axially fixed, the positioning pin 55 is inserted into the positioning hole of the counterpart 4 for fixation. The positioning pins 55 and the positioning holes may be connected by a form-fit and/or force-fit connection, such as a threaded connection or a tight-fit connection. It is contemplated that the post 54 may alternatively be a support of other configurations, such as an annular sidewall disposed about one end of the counterpart 4.

After the gear wheel 1 is axially fixed by the double centre and the gear wheel 1 is circumferentially fixed by the holding means 5, the machine tool can be started to machine the gear wheel 1. Specifically, the machine tool table rotates to drive the base 3 thereon to rotate synchronously, and the base 3 and the gear 1 are circumferentially fixed to each other via the counterpart 4, so that the gear 1 is driven to rotate synchronously for machining.

The fixing tool for machining the gear 1 according to the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects.

(1) In each embodiment of the utility model, the machining tool fixes the gear 1 loaded with the counterpart 4 such as a sun gear through the tailstock center 2 and the base center 33 connected to the workbench in a double-top mode, the hobbing axis reference of the gear 1 is determined through the tailstock center 2 and the base center 33 of the machining tool, the manual alignment link is omitted, and the holding device 5 is used for locking and driving to perform hobbing. The processing method omits a manual alignment link, reduces the labor intensity of workers, improves the production efficiency, and ensures the processing consistency.

(2) Since the gear 1 itself has a structure such as a lifting hole (for example, a DS-type lifting hole) used in assembly, the counterpart 4 can be additionally provided based on the structure itself without any modification of the gear 1.

(3) Because the counterpart 4 of the fixed tool has the requirements on size and form and position, and the counterparts 4 of different models can be adopted for the gears 1 of different models, the counterpart 4 and the gear 1 to be machined can be correspondingly manufactured into standard parts so as to ensure the interchangeability. And, through establishing standard process flow, include using the torque wrench to carry out the uniformity operation when loading counterpart 4, guarantee the required axiality of gear 1 gear hobbing processing after the assembly in its use. Due to the interchangeability of the counterparts 4, a plurality of counterparts 4 can be used in practical applications, thereby ensuring that the gear 1 is loaded and unloaded without stopping the machine tool.

Although the above describes the case of positioning the stationary tool and the gear 1 and the tailstock centre 2 of the processing machine in a vertical direction, the stationary tool according to the utility model is also suitable for positioning in a horizontal direction, depending on the actual application.

Specific embodiments according to the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific structures, and encompasses various modifications and equivalent features. Various changes may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a fixed frock for gear (1) processing which characterized in that, fixed frock structure is for fixing on the workstation of machine tool, machine tool still includes tailstock top (2), fixed frock includes:

a base (3) configured to be fixed to the table, the base (3) being provided with a base tip (33) for axially fixing a gear (1) to be machined in coaxial alignment with the tailstock tip (2);

a counterpart (4) for mating with the gear wheel (1) having a bottom end for mating with the base tip (33) and a top end for fixed connection with the gear wheel (1), the base tip (33), the counterpart (4), the gear wheel (1) and the tailstock tip (2) being coaxially aligned in a state in which the gear wheel (1) is mounted to the machine tool; and

a holding device (5) arranged on the base (3) and circumferentially fixed with respect to the base (3), the holding device (5) having a holding state holding the counterpart (4) so as to be rotatable synchronously with the base (3) and a release state releasing the counterpart (4).

2. Fixing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the top end of the counterpart (4) is configured to be screwed with the gear wheel (1).

3. Fixing tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the counterpart (4) has a tip end face (42) for supporting the gear wheel (1) and a stud section (43) projecting axially outwards from the tip end face (42), the stud section (43) being coaxial with the base point (33), the gear wheel (1) having a threaded bore for cooperation with the stud section (43).

4. The fixing tool according to claim 3, wherein a screwing direction of the screw column section (43) is consistent with a rotating direction of the workbench.

5. Fixing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the top end of the counterpart (4) is configured to be connected with a tight fit with the gear wheel (1) by means of a bayonet, snap or key-pin fit.

6. Fixing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that said counterpart (4) has one or more of the following features:

the counterpart (4) is formed as a revolution structure having a centre axis of revolution coinciding with the axial direction;

the outer surface of the counterpart (4) is formed with one or more recesses (44) or protrusions for cooperating with a locking tool for locking the counterpart (4) with the gear wheel (1); and

the counterpart (4) is formed as a standard part which is matched to the gear wheel (1).

7. The fixture according to claim 1, wherein the holding device (5) is formed as a embracing bowl slidably fitted over the base centre (33), the embracing bowl comprises two half embracing bowls (51) which can be opened and closed, and the two half embracing bowls (51) are provided with a fastener capable of fastening the two half embracing bowls to the counterpart (4) at the joint of the two half embracing bowls (51).

8. The fixing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding device (5) comprises one or more supports fixed on the base (3) around the base centre (33) and positioning pins (55) correspondingly arranged on the supports, the positioning pins (55) being configured to be insertable into the counterpart (4) for bringing the counterpart (4) into synchronous rotation.

9. Fixing tool according to any one of claims 1-8, characterised in that the gear wheel (1) has a structure for its own assembly, the top end of the counterpart (4) corresponding to said structure.

10. The fixing tool according to claim 9, wherein the gear (1) is machined as a hobbing of a sun gear, and the structure is a lifting hole of the sun gear.

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