CN112077205A

CN112077205A - Mechanical punching tool and operation method

Info

Publication number: CN112077205A
Application number: CN202010983257.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邢洪宪; 王利军; 鞠少栋; 王世强; 王新涛; 刘传刚
Original assignee: CNOOC Energy Technology and Services Ltd
Current assignee: CNOOC Energy Technology and Services Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-17
Filing date: 2020-09-17
Publication date: 2020-12-15
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-17
Also published as: CN112077205B

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical punching tool, which comprises an upper joint, a positioning pin, a return spring, a pushing seat, a pushing piston, a tool body, a punch arm, a punch and a hydraulic cylinder sleeve, wherein the upper joint is fixedly connected with the upper joint; the mechanical punching tool adopts a mechanical hole opening method, two holes can be opened through one-time operation by extending the punch outwards, and a plurality of holes can be opened through a single-time tubular column. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of high field operation efficiency, low cost and wide application field, can meet the requirements of screening, casing windowing, stratum strong-effect blockage removal and yield increase, is beneficial to improving the connectivity of an oil well, provides a foundation for subsequent chemical fracturing and oil well reconstruction, and has important significance for improving the production efficiency of the oil well.

Description

Mechanical punching tool and operation method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development, and particularly relates to a mechanical punching tool and an operation method.

Background

As the development of offshore oil and gas fields gradually enters the middle and later stages, the connectivity between an oil and gas well hole and a reservoir is gradually reduced along with the production, after the production is carried out for a period of time, the well hole connectivity is increasingly poor due to the problems of wax deposition, scaling, sand production and the like, low-yield and low-efficiency wells and production stopping wells are increasingly increased, and the yield of oil wells is reduced. At present, the conventional re-completion mode has little effect and high cost in solving the yield increasing problem of the old well, and how to safely and efficiently improve the connectivity between a well hole and a stratum is still a difficult point of field well repairing operation. Aiming at the technical problem on site, a novel mechanical punching tool suitable for underground and an operation method are researched and designed, the aim of precisely opening the screen and the sleeve at the target position by utilizing mechanical punches on two sides through hydraulic thrust under the condition of not damaging the integrity of the sand control screen pipe can be achieved, the connectivity of an oil well can be improved, a foundation is provided for subsequent chemical fracturing and oil well transformation, and the tool has important significance for improving the production efficiency of the oil well.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a mechanical punching tool and an operation method thereof for solving the problems in the prior art, the tool and the method can be used in the well repairing operation of an oil field, and have the advantages of accurate hole opening, controllable hole depth, simple and reliable construction operation and the like.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems in the prior art is as follows:

a mechanical punching tool comprises an upper joint, a positioning pin, a return spring, a pushing seat, a pushing piston, a tool body, a punch arm, a punch and a hydraulic cylinder sleeve;

the upper end of the tool body is connected with an upper connector, and the lower end of the tool body is connected with a hydraulic cylinder sleeve;

a positioning needle is arranged on one side, close to the inlet, inside the upper joint, an axial through hole and a radial through hole are formed in the positioning needle, a pushing seat is further arranged inside the upper joint, a return spring is arranged between the pushing seat and the positioning needle, the pushing seat and a pushing piston are connected into a whole, and a through central hole is formed inside the pushing seat;

symmetrical grooves are formed in the outer surface of the tool body, a punch arm and a punch are arranged in each groove, the punch arm is rotatably arranged in each groove of the tool body through a rotating pin, and the punch is arranged at the lower end of the punch arm;

and a hydraulic bin is formed in the hydraulic cylinder sleeve and communicated with the central hole.

In the technical scheme, the outer diameter of the thrust piston gradually increases from the front end (the upper joint side) to the rear end (the hydraulic cylinder sleeve side), and the outer diameter of the piston head at the bottom is equal to the inner diameter of the piston cavity of the tool body.

In the technical scheme, the center of the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve is provided with a nozzle which can be blocked or opened.

In the technical scheme, a sealing ring is arranged on the contact surface of the thrust piston and the tool body.

In the technical scheme, the punch and the punch arm are connected through a bolt.

A method of operating a mechanical punch tool, comprising the steps of:

firstly), completing preparation work before descending the well, carrying out drifting and well washing operation on an operation target well, and connecting a tool with an operation pipe column;

secondly), carrying out gyro orientation after the operation pipe column is in place, installing an operation pump set at the wellhead, pressurizing the interior of the pipe column, and stopping the pump after the pressure is increased to a preset value;

thirdly), lifting the operation pipe column, and extracting the punch head under the assistance of the jar and the return spring;

fourthly), lifting the operation pipe column to a designed position, reorienting and repeating the hole opening steps until all hole opening operations are finished;

and fifthly), stopping the pump, releasing pressure, lifting the pipe column and recovering the operation tool after finishing all the target hole opening operations.

The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the mechanical punching tool adopts a mechanical hole opening method, two holes can be opened through one-time operation by extending the punch outwards, and a plurality of holes can be opened through a single-time tubular column. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of high field operation efficiency, low cost and wide application field, can meet the requirements of screening, casing windowing, stratum strong-effect blockage removal and yield increase, is beneficial to improving the connectivity of an oil well, provides a foundation for subsequent chemical fracturing and oil well reconstruction, and has important significance for improving the production efficiency of the oil well.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Wherein: the device comprises a top connector 1, a return spring 2, a positioning needle 3, an axial through hole 3-1, a radial through hole 3-2, a pushing seat 4, a pushing piston 5, a central hole 5-1, a tool body 6, a groove 6-1, a piston cavity 6-2, a punch arm 7, a bolt 7-1, a rotating pin 8, a punch 9, a hydraulic cylinder sleeve 10 and a nozzle 10-1.

For a person skilled in the art, other relevant figures can be obtained from the above figures without inventive effort.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.

Examples

Please refer to fig. 1. A mechanical punching tool is shown in figure 1. After the reset spring 2 is assembled and matched with the positioning needle 3, the reset spring is installed inside the upper joint 1, the lower end of the reset spring 1 is matched with the pushing seat 4, the pushing seat 4 is installed inside the upper joint 1, the punch arm 7 is assembled with the tool body 6 through the rotating pin 8, the punch 9 is connected with the punch arm 7, the punch arm 7 and the punch 9 are matched with the pushing piston 5, and the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 10 is installed at the lowest end of the tool body 6. The hydraulic cylinder sleeve 10 and the positioning needle 3 are respectively provided with a hydraulic channel, and the punch arm 7 drives the punch 9 to rotate along the rotating pin 8.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: please refer to fig. 1. The upper and lower buckle types of the tool are API standard buckle types, so that the tool is convenient to be connected with other tools on site. During the use, link to each other instrument and operation tubular column, use hydraulic pressure force as power in the actual operation, when the instrument put down needs trompil position department through oil pipe, the anchor is fixed with the instrument, the pump is opened to the high-pressure pump on ground, high-pressure fluid enters into the instrument centre bore through oil pipe, along the axial through-hole of pilot pin and warp direction through-hole in proper order through bulldozing the seat and getting into thrust piston centre bore, suppress the pressure in the pneumatic cylinder cover of instrument bottommost, leave a small-size nozzle in the hydraulic cylinder cover bottom, the purpose is in order to cause inside and outside differential pressure. Most of the energy of the high-pressure liquid in the hydraulic cylinder sleeve is converted into thrust for pushing the thrust piston to move upwards, the generated thrust is sequentially transmitted to a punch head arm and a punch head of the transverse punching and jacking mechanism, and the punch head can be instantly operated to jack and penetrate the screen and the sleeve to complete the hole opening operation.

The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that any simple variations, modifications or other equivalent changes which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical punch tool, characterized by: the device comprises an upper joint, a positioning needle, a return spring, a pushing seat, a pushing piston, a tool body, a punch arm, a punch and a hydraulic cylinder sleeve;

2. A mechanical punch tool as recited in claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the thrust piston gradually increases from the front end to the rear end, and the outer diameter of the piston head at the bottom is equal to the inner diameter of the piston cavity of the tool body.

3. A mechanical punch tool as recited in claim 1, wherein: and a nozzle which can be blocked or opened is arranged in the center of the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve.

4. A mechanical punch tool as recited in claim 1, wherein: and a sealing ring is arranged on the contact surface of the thrust piston and the tool body.

5. A mechanical punch tool as recited in claim 1, wherein: the punch head is connected with the punch head arm through a bolt.

6. A method of operating a mechanical punching tool, characterized by the steps of:

firstly, completing preparation work before going into a well, carrying out drifting and well washing operation on an operation target well, and connecting a tool with an operation pipe column;

secondly, after the operation pipe column is in place, the gyro orientation is carried out, an operation pump set is installed at the well head, the interior of the pipe column is pressurized, and the pump is stopped after the pressure is increased to a preset value;

lifting the operating pipe column, and pulling out the punch with the aid of the jar and the return spring;

lifting the operation pipe column to a designed position, reorienting and repeating the hole opening steps until all hole opening operations are finished;

and fifthly, stopping the pump, releasing pressure, lifting the pipe column and recovering the operation tool after finishing all the target hole opening operations.