CN112076623A - Method for treating volatile organic compounds and bioaerosol - Google Patents
Method for treating volatile organic compounds and bioaerosol Download PDFInfo
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- CN112076623A CN112076623A CN202010850015.2A CN202010850015A CN112076623A CN 112076623 A CN112076623 A CN 112076623A CN 202010850015 A CN202010850015 A CN 202010850015A CN 112076623 A CN112076623 A CN 112076623A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/007—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by irradiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/44—Organic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8678—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/8687—Organic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
- B03C3/0175—Amassing particles by electric fields, e.g. agglomeration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/80—Water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/804—UV light
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, relates to a method for treating volatile organic compounds and bioaerosol, and particularly relates to a method for treating waste gas by using integrated equipment for cooperatively treating the volatile organic compounds and the bioaerosol by using a biological-photoelectric multi-energy field. The equipment combines a plurality of reaction processes of biotransformation, photocatalytic oxidation, bioaerosol capture, photoelectric reduction and the like of volatile organic compounds, utilizes a bioreactor to transform the volatile organic compounds, utilizes an electric field to capture bioaerosol in a gas phase, enables the bioaerosol to be deposited on an electrode plate, transfers the bioaerosol to the surface of a solid phase from the gas phase, rapidly kills microorganisms deposited on the electrode plate by photocatalysis, and oxidizes the volatile organic compounds which are not timely biotransformed in the bioreactor and remain in the gas phase. The biological conversion, the electrostatic deposition and the photocatalytic oxidation of the volatile organic compounds are combined, so that the effective cooperative treatment of the volatile organic compounds and the bioaerosol is realized.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, relates to a method for cooperatively treating gaseous pollutants by utilizing a biological-physicochemical reactor, and particularly relates to application of integrated equipment for cooperatively treating volatile organic compounds and bioaerosol by utilizing a biological-photoelectric multi-energy field.
Background art:
the domestic garbage and domestic sewage contain a large amount of organic matters, and the biodegradation and decomposition reaction of the organic matters occur in an anaerobic or anoxic environment in the processes of garbage landfill, composting, anaerobic hydrolysis of sewage, sludge concentration and digestion and the like. Therefore, volatile organic compounds such as aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene, toluene, styrene), oxygen-containing compounds (e.g., acetic acid, acetone), sulfur-containing compounds (e.g., methyl mercaptan, ethyl sulfide), nitrogen-containing compounds (e.g., trimethylamine, diethylamine), chlorine-containing compounds (e.g., dichloromethane, chlorobenzene), etc. are generated in a large amount during the treatment process. Most volatile organic compounds are toxic, and part of volatile organic compounds are carcinogenic. High concentration of volatile organic compounds can cause serious harm to human health and ecological environment. Prolonged exposure to benzene-containing air can lead to blood abnormalities and even leukemia. Some volatile organic compounds with peculiar smell, such as methyl mercaptan, acetic acid, diethylamine, styrene, etc., can also stimulate the olfactory organ of human body, cause unpleasant and sense pollution damaging the living environment. Under the irradiation of sunlight, the volatile organic matter dissipated into the atmosphere can produce photochemical reaction with nitrogen oxide, hydrocarbon and oxidant in the atmosphere to produce photochemical smog. Therefore, volatile organic compounds are considered to be important precursors for forming fine particles such as PM2.5 and haze. Many countries have enacted relevant laws and regulations that strictly control the emission of volatile organic compounds.
Compared with the conventional physical and chemical treatment technology, the biological technology (such as a biological filter, a biological washing tower, a biological trickling filter and the like) is widely researched and applied in the aspect of treating volatile organic compounds due to the characteristics of less investment, low operating cost, less generation of secondary pollution and the like. When the waste gas passes through the bioreactor, the volatile organic compounds are adsorbed by the living microorganisms; through the metabolism of microbes, the organic matters are decomposed and converted into biomass and harmless or low-harmful inorganic matters such as carbon dioxide, water and the like. Proper residence time and biomass are required to be kept for microbial degradation of volatile organic compounds, and the volatile organic compounds with large molecular weight and complex structure are slow in biodegradation rate and difficult to effectively remove. The phenomenon that the load of pollutants is suddenly increased often appears in actual production, and when the bioreactor is overloaded, the pollutants can not be degraded in time, and high-content volatile organic compounds are still remained in the exhaust gas.
A large amount of microorganisms are arranged in the bioreactor for treating the volatile organic compounds, and due to the impact effect of the air inlet flow, the microorganisms attached to the surface of the filler are carried and discharged out of the bioreactor, so that the emission of bioaerosol is caused. Bioaerosols generally refer to aerosols having an aerodynamic diameter of up to 100 μm and containing biologically active substances such as microorganisms or biological macromolecules. The bioaerosol particles include viruses, bacteria, fungi, pollen, allergens, rickettsia, chlamydia, animal and plant derived proteins, various mycotoxins and their fragments and secretions, and the like. These microparticles can invade the body through mucous membranes, damaged skin, respiratory tract and digestive tract, causing diseases such as respiratory tract. There are more than 500 pathogens worldwide, and more than 100 transmitted by aerosols. As a potential transmission path, the problem of bioaerosols in air is of great concern. Since the inoculum for the bioreactor is mostly from activated sludge and compost, the discharged bioaerosol may contain various pathogenic microorganisms, which are harmful to human health. Recent studies have found that microbial aerosols are also important precursors for haze formation. The research on the economic and effective cooperative control technology of the volatile organic compounds and the bioaerosol has important significance for eliminating potential safety hazards and protecting the atmospheric environment.
Microbial aerosols, whether in the natural environment or artificially generated, carry a certain amount of charge, which is deflected by electrostatic interactions when charged particles enter an electric field. By applying an external electric field, the bioaerosol in the air can be settled and collected on the electrode plate, and the method is an effective air bioaerosol collection method. Because the acting force of the electric field is directly applied to the particles, the speed is low, the air resistance is small, and the electrostatic precipitation method has the characteristics of high capture rate, wide particle size range for collecting the particles and low energy consumption.
The photocatalysis is by using TiO2The photocatalysis process as the catalyst has mild reaction condition, strong oxidability and wide application range. By TiO2The organic matters such as hydrocarbon, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, ammonia and the like can be rapidly photolyzed and converted into CO2And H2And O. The mechanism is mainly photocatalyst TiO2The photon is absorbed and reacts with the water on the surface to generate hydroxyl free radical and active oxygen substance, wherein the hydroxyl free radical has reaction energy higher than various chemical bond energies in the organic matter, so that the volatile organic matter and the organic matter forming bacteria can be quickly and effectively decomposed, and the synergistic effect of other active oxygen substances is more quick in the effect of killing the bioaerosol.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the problem of cooperative treatment of volatile organic compounds and bioaerosol, combines a plurality of reaction processes of biotransformation, photocatalytic oxidation, bioaerosol capture, photoelectric reduction and the like of the volatile organic compounds, utilizes a bioreactor to convert the volatile organic compounds, utilizes an electric field to capture bioaerosol in a gas phase, enables the bioaerosol to be deposited on an electrode plate, transfers the bioaerosol to the surface of a solid phase from a gas phase, rapidly kills microorganisms deposited on the electrode plate by photocatalysis, and oxidizes the volatile organic compounds which are not timely biotransformed in the bioreactor and remain in the gas phase.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an integrated device for realizing efficient cooperative treatment of volatile organic compounds and bioaerosol by using a biological-photoelectric multi-energy field for cooperative treatment of the volatile organic compounds and the bioaerosol, and an application thereof.
The invention solves one of the technical problems, and provides integrated equipment for cooperatively processing volatile organic compounds and bioaerosol by a biological-photoelectric multi-energy field, which comprises a down-flow type biological conversion container, a gas drying container and a photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container;
the down-flow type biological conversion container is sequentially divided into an air distribution area, a liquid collecting area and a down-flow type biological conversion area by a clapboard with holes and a perforated plate from bottom to top;
a first air inlet is formed in one side wall of the lower part of the air distribution area, and a porous air distribution pipe is installed at the inner end of the first air inlet; a first water outlet is arranged at the lower part of the other side wall of the gas distribution area, and the first water outlet is lower than the first gas inlet; a liquid diversion groove is arranged at the periphery of the clapboard with the hole, and a second water outlet is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the clapboard;
a first air outlet is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the liquid collecting area;
more than two air guide tubes communicated with the downflow type biotransformation area and the air distribution area are arranged on the clapboard with holes, the air guide tubes correspond to the holes on the clapboard one by one, penetrate through the liquid collection area and extend to the top of the downflow type biotransformation area, and the top end of each air guide tube is provided with an elbow as an outlet of the air guide tube;
a filler layer is filled in the downflow type biological conversion area; the side wall of the upper part is provided with a spraying liquid inlet, and the inner end of the spraying liquid inlet is provided with a water pipe with a plurality of atomizing nozzles; the water pipe is higher than the elbow of the packing layer and lower than the gas-guide pipe, and the spraying liquid inlet is connected with the second water outlet through a circulating pump;
furthermore, the aperture of the hole in the clapboard with the hole is 5-50 mm;
furthermore, the included angle between the liquid guide groove and the side wall of the liquid collecting region is 15-85 degrees;
furthermore, the porous gas distribution pipe is in a branch shape or a net shape;
furthermore, the aperture of the holes on the porous air distribution pipe is 1-10 mm;
further, the filler of the filler layer includes, but is not limited to, activated carbon, molecular sieve, volcanic rock, perlite, polyurethane foam, raschig ring, polyethylene plastic ball;
further, the density of the filler is 5-50kg/m3；
The gas drying container is internally provided with a drying agent, the bottom of the gas drying container is provided with a second gas inlet, and the upper part of the gas drying container is provided with a second gas outlet; the second air inlet is connected with the first air outlet of the liquid collecting area; the second air inlet and the second air outlet are respectively provided with a gas control valve and a gas flowmeter;
further, the desiccants include, but are not limited to, soda lime, NaOH solids, calcium oxide, solid phosphorus pentoxide, and anhydrous calcium chloride;
a clapboard is arranged in the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container to divide the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container into a down-flow gas guiding area and a photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction area;
a third air inlet is formed in the upper part of one side wall of the down-flow type gas flow guide area and is connected with a second air outlet of the gas drying container, a corona electrode is arranged in the gas flow guide area and is connected with a negative electrode of a direct current power supply through an insulator, and the corona electrode is lower than the third air inlet;
the lower part of the clapboard is provided with a fourth air inlet which is communicated with the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction area; the fourth air inlet is lower than the corona electrode;
collecting polar plates are arranged at the bottom and on the side wall of the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction zone; the collecting polar plate is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply; a photoelectrocatalysis oxidation assembly is arranged in the photoelectricity multi-energy field catalysis reaction zone and is connected with a low-voltage alternating current power supply; the photocatalytic oxidation assembly consists of an electrode plate coated with an inert catalyst and an ultraviolet lamp set;
the top of the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container is provided with a third air outlet; an ultraviolet light protective layer is arranged outside the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container;
further, the corona electrode is in a strip shape or a net shape, and is made of an organic electret material mainly containing high polymers, including but not limited to polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoroethylene/polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polytrifluoroethylene, polypropylene (blend) and polyester;
further, the collecting plate is a flat plate or a concave-convex plate, and the material includes but is not limited to conductive glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP), PPS;
further, the number of the photocatalytic oxidation components is 1 or more;
furthermore, the number of the ultraviolet lamp groups is 1 or more, and the wavelength of the ultraviolet light is 180-400 nm;
furthermore, the number of the electrode plates is 1 or more;
further, the electrode plate is in the shape of a film or a wire mesh, and can be folded or bent to increase the surface area, and the electrode plate material includes but is not limited to graphite, carbon fiber, carbon paper, micro-pores (nickel/copper/titanium), metal foam nano plastic plates, and foam nickel-based photocatalyst nets; the air permeability is more than 90 percent;
further, the coated inert catalyst includes, but is not limited to, titanium dioxide, nano silver, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium dioxide, cadmium sulfide, sulfide semiconductor;
further, the material of the uv-protective layer includes, but is not limited to, ceramic, PVC and PVC foam.
The invention also aims to provide a method for performing the cooperative treatment on the volatile organic compounds and the bioaerosol by using the integrated device for performing the cooperative treatment on the volatile organic compounds and the bioaerosol by using the biological-photoelectric multi-energy field, which comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing waste gas containing volatile organic compounds and aerosol into a gas distribution area of the down-flow type bioconversion container from a gas inlet, and opening a spraying liquid inlet to spray nutrient solution to the packing layer; the volatile organic matter degrading functional bacteria loaded on the filler convert volatile organic matters in the gas into carbon dioxide, water and carbonate, the treated gas and the bioaerosol particles are discharged from the first gas outlet, and the redundant nutrient solution with part of the degrading functional bacteria flows downwards to enter the liquid collecting region, flows back to the spraying liquid inlet through the second water outlet and the circulating pump and is recycled;
further, the volatile organic compounds include, but are not limited to, alkanes (e.g., ethane, butane), aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, styrene), chlorinated hydrocarbons (e.g., dichloromethane, chloroform, chlorobenzene), oxygen-containing compounds (e.g., methanol, acetic acid, acetone, ethyl acetate, phenol), sulfur-containing compounds (e.g., carbon disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, ethanethiol), nitrogen-containing compounds (e.g., trimethylamine, triethylamine), chlorine-containing compounds (e.g., dichloromethane, chloroform, chlorobenzene), and the like;
further, the aerosol is fine particles suspended in the air and containing living active substances such as microorganisms or biological macromolecules, and the particle size of the fine particles is within the range of 0.01-100 mu m; the biological components comprise bacteria, viruses, allergic pollen, fungal spores, fern spores, animal and plant derived proteins, various mycotoxins and fragments thereof, and the like;
further, the nutrient solution is continuously sprayed, and the flow rate of the spraying solution is 0.1-100L/min;
further, the inlet speed of the waste gas is 0.001-10m3Min, the retention time is 1-3.0 min;
further, the nutrient solution comprises the following components: KHCO3 0.5-2.5g/L；CaCl2·2H2O 0.1-0.2g/L；MgSO4·7H2O 0.15-0.25g/L；KH2PO4 0.1-0.5g/L；FeSO4·7H2O 0.2g/L；MnCl2·4H2O 0.50g/L；
Further, the packing material is loaded with microorganisms for converting waste gas organic matter, the microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, yeast, protozoa or any mixture thereof, the bacterial population includes but is not limited to pseudomonas, thiobacillus, bacillus, nocardia, paenibacillus; fungal populations include, but are not limited to, penicillium, aspergillus, trichoderma, alternaria;
further, the concentration of the microorganism is 1.0X 107～5.0×1013copies/g filler;
(2) gas and biological aerosol particles discharged from the biological conversion container enter the gas drying container through the second gas inlet; moisture in the gas is removed by the drying agent in the drying container, and the gas and the biological aerosol particles are discharged from the gas outlet;
further, the desiccants include, but are not limited to, soda lime, NaOH solids, calcium oxide, solid phosphorus pentoxide, and anhydrous calcium chloride;
(3) gas and bioaerosol particles discharged from the dryer enter a down-flow gas guiding region of the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container through a gas inlet; gas and biological aerosol particles pass through the corona electrode arranged in the down-flow gas guide flow zone from top to bottom; negatively charging the gas and bioaerosol particles passing through the corona electrode by applying electricity to the corona electrode; the negatively charged gas and the biological aerosol particles enter a photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction area and are deposited on the surface of the collector plate; starting the photocatalytic oxidation assembly, killing microorganisms in the bioaerosol particles deposited on the surface of the collecting electrode plate by the generated ultraviolet light, and oxidizing and decomposing volatile organic compounds which are remained in the gas and are not degraded in the downflow type biotransformation container by the electrode plate coated with the inert catalyst; the purified gas is discharged from the gas outlet;
further, corona electrode energization parameters: the voltage is 40-120kV, the current is 0.1-2.0A, and the average field intensity is 3-4kV/cm during working.
Has the advantages that:
the device combines the biotransformation container, the gas drying container and the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container to form an integrated device, and has the advantages of compact structure, simple structure and simple operation and maintenance.
1. The biological conversion, the electrostatic deposition and the photocatalytic oxidation of the volatile organic compounds are combined, so that the effective cooperative treatment of the volatile organic compounds and the bioaerosol is realized.
2. After biotransformation, photocatalytic oxidation reaction is added, and the transformation effect of volatile organic compounds is improved.
3. The volatile organic compound degradation functional bacteria attached to the inner part and the surface of the filler layer need to be supplemented with nutrients and moisture regularly to maintain the growth and keep the activity. Because the export that sets up the air duct in the down-flow formula biotransformation district is higher than the water pipe that has a plurality of atomizer, and the water pipe that has a plurality of atomizer is higher than the packing layer, and the gas of export exhaust gas from the air duct can be with the liquid intensive mixing that sprays from the water pipe that has a plurality of atomizers before getting into the packing layer, need not extra gas humidification equipment like this, and it can go on simultaneously to provide necessary nutrient solution and gas humidification for volatile organic compounds degradation function fungus.
4. The water pipe is provided with a plurality of atomizing nozzles, and the atomizing nozzles atomize the liquid flowing out of the water pipe, so that the liquid and the gas can be fully mixed.
5. The water in the gas phase can weaken the radiation effect of ultraviolet light, the gas and the biological aerosol particles firstly enter a gas drying container before entering the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container, and the drying agent in the gas drying container is used for removing the water in the gas, so that the effect of killing microorganisms in the biological aerosol by the ultraviolet light is improved.
6. Biological aerosol particles in the gas phase are effectively captured and collected through an external electric field, so that the biological aerosol particles are deposited on the surface of the collecting polar plate, and the killing rate of ultraviolet light to microorganisms in the biological aerosol is improved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
Wherein:
1-a down-flow type biological conversion container 11-a spray liquid inlet 12-an air duct 13-a water pipe 14 with a plurality of atomizing nozzles, a packing layer 15-a down-flow type biological conversion area 16-a perforated plate 17-a liquid collecting area 18-a perforated clapboard 19-a liquid diversion trench 110-an air distribution area 111-a first air inlet 112-a porous air distribution pipe 113-a first water outlet 114-a second water outlet 115-a first air outlet;
2-gas drying container 21-second gas outlet 22-second gas inlet;
3-photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container 31-third air inlet 32-down-flow type gas diversion area 33-partition 34-third air outlet 35-photoelectric catalytic oxidation component 36-ultraviolet lamp group 37-inert catalyst coated electrode plate 38-photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction area 39-collecting electrode plate 310-fourth air inlet 311-corona electrode
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the gas distribution pipe of the present invention
Wherein, 111-the first air inlet 112-the porous air distribution pipe
FIG. 3 shows a photoelectrocatalytic oxidation assembly of the present invention
Wherein, 36-ultraviolet lamp group 37-electrode plate 312 coated with inert catalyst-low voltage alternating current power supply.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present patent and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
The invention provides an integrated device for biological-photoelectric multi-energy field cooperative treatment of volatile organic compounds and biological aerosol, which is structurally shown in figures 1-3.
An integrated device for the biological-photoelectric multi-energy field cooperative treatment of volatile organic compounds and biological aerosol comprises a down-flow type biological conversion container 1, a gas drying container 2 and a photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container 3;
the down-flow type biological conversion container 1 is divided into a gas distribution area 110, a liquid collecting area 17 and a down-flow type biological conversion area 15 by a clapboard 18 with holes and a perforated plate 16 from bottom to top in sequence;
a first air inlet 111 is formed in one side wall of the lower portion of the air distribution region 110, and a porous air distribution pipe 112 is installed at the inner end of the first air inlet; a first water outlet 113 is arranged at the lower part of the other side wall of the gas distribution area, and the first water outlet 113 is lower than the first gas inlet 111; a liquid diversion trench 19 is arranged at the periphery of the clapboard 18 with holes, and the lower side wall of the clapboard is provided with a second water outlet 114;
a first air outlet 115 is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the liquid collecting area 17;
the baffle plate 18 with holes is provided with more than two air guide tubes 12 which are communicated with the downflow type biological conversion area 15 and the air distribution area 110, the air guide tubes 12 correspond to the holes on the baffle plate 18 one by one, pass through the liquid collecting area 17 and extend to the top of the downflow type biological conversion area 15, and the top end of the air guide tube 12 is provided with an elbow which is used as an outlet of the air guide tube;
a filler layer 14 is filled in the downflow type biological conversion zone 15; the side wall of the upper part is provided with a spraying liquid inlet 11, and the inner end of the spraying liquid inlet 11 is provided with a water pipe 13 with a plurality of atomizing nozzles; the water pipe 13 is higher than the filler layer 14 and lower than the elbow of the gas-guide pipe 12, and the spraying liquid inlet 11 is connected with the second water outlet 114 through a circulating pump;
the aperture of the hole on the clapboard 18 with the hole is 5-50 mm; the included angle between the liquid diversion groove 19 and the side wall of the liquid collecting region 17 is 15-85 degrees; the porous air distribution pipe 112 is in a branch shape or a net shape; the aperture of the holes on the porous air distribution pipe 112 is 1-10 mm; the filler of the filler layer 14 includes, but is not limited to, activated carbon, molecular sieve, volcanic rock, perlite, polyurethane foam, raschig rings, polyethylene plastic balls; the density of the filler is 5-50kg/m3；
The gas drying container 2 is internally provided with a drying agent, the bottom of the gas drying container is provided with a second gas inlet 22, and the upper part of the gas drying container is provided with a second gas outlet 21; the second air inlet 22 is connected with the first air outlet 115 of the liquid collecting area 17; the second air inlet 22 and the second air outlet 21 are both provided with a gas control valve and a gas flowmeter;
the desiccants include, but are not limited to, soda lime, NaOH solids, calcium oxide, solid phosphorous pentoxide, and anhydrous calcium chloride;
a partition 33 is arranged in the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container 3 to divide the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container into a down-flow gas guiding area 32 and a photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction area 38;
a third air inlet 31 is arranged on the upper part of one side wall of the down-flow type gas guiding area 32 and is connected with a second air outlet 21 of the gas drying container 2, a corona electrode 311 is arranged in the gas guiding area 32, the corona electrode 311 is connected with a negative electrode of a direct current power supply through an insulator, and the corona electrode 311 is lower than the third air inlet 31;
the lower part of the partition 33 is provided with a fourth gas inlet 310 which is communicated with the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction zone 38; fourth gas inlet 310 is below corona electrode 311;
the bottom and the side wall of the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction zone 38 are provided with collecting polar plates 39; the collecting polar plate 39 is connected with the positive pole of the direct current power supply; a photoelectrocatalysis oxidation component 35 is arranged in the photoelectricity multi-energy field catalysis reaction zone 38 and is connected with a low-voltage alternating current power supply; the photocatalytic oxidation assembly 35 consists of an electrode plate 37 coated with an inert catalyst and an ultraviolet lamp set 36;
a third air outlet 34 is arranged at the top of the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container 3; an ultraviolet light protective layer is arranged outside the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container 3;
the corona electrode 311 is in the shape of a strip or a net, and the material includes, but is not limited to, organic electret materials based on high polymers, such as polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoroethylene/polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polytrifluoroethylene, polypropylene (blend), and polyester;
the collecting polar plate 39 is a flat plate or a concave-convex plate, and the material includes but is not limited to conductive glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP), PPS;
the number of the photocatalytic oxidation assemblies 35 is 1 or more;
the number of the ultraviolet lamp groups is 1 or more, and the wavelength of the ultraviolet light is 180-400 nm;
the number of the electrode plates is 1 or more;
the electrode plate is in a film shape or a wire mesh shape, can be folded or bent to increase the surface area, and is made of materials including but not limited to graphite, carbon fiber, carbon paper, micropores (nickel/copper/titanium), metal foam nano plastic plates and foam nickel-based photocatalyst nets; the air permeability is more than 90 percent;
the coated inert catalyst includes, but is not limited to, titanium dioxide, nano silver, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium dioxide, cadmium sulfide, sulfide semiconductor;
the material of the ultraviolet light protection layer includes but is not limited to ceramic, PVC and polyvinyl chloride foam.
The working principle of the integrated equipment for the biological-photoelectric multi-energy field cooperative treatment of volatile organic compounds and biological aerosol provided by the invention is as follows:
volatile organic compounds enter the gas distribution zone of the downflow type biological conversion container from a first gas inlet of the gas distribution zone through a gas distribution pipe, and the gas flows from bottom to top in the gas distribution zone and enters the downflow type biological conversion zone through a gas guide pipe; continuously spraying nutrient solution or nutrient solution with bacteria with the function of degrading volatile organic compounds to the filler in the downflow type biotransformation zone through a spray pipe with a plurality of atomizing spray heads; the atomization spray head atomizes the liquid flowing out of the spray pipe, and the liquid is fully mixed with the gas discharged from the outlet of the gas guide pipe to moisten the gas; the wetted gas flows through the filler in a downward flow type biotransformation zone from top to bottom in a downward flow type, and the volatile organic compounds in the gas are transformed into carbon dioxide, water, carbonate and the like by the volatile organic compound degradation functional bacteria attached to the filler; the treated gas enters the liquid collecting area through the perforated plate and is discharged from a first gas outlet at one side of the upper end of the liquid collecting area;
in a down-flow type biotransformation area of the down-flow type biotransformation container, atomized nutrient solution or nutrient solution containing volatile organic compound degradation functional bacteria flows downwards, the nutrient solution passes through a packing layer and provides nutrients and moisture for the volatile organic compound degradation functional bacteria attached and grown in the packing layer, excessive nutrient solution or nutrient solution containing the volatile organic compound degradation functional bacteria enters a liquid collection area through a perforated plate, flows into a diversion trench, flows out through a second water outlet, enters a spraying inlet under the action of a circulating pump to realize recycling, and waste liquid generated by liquefaction in an air guide pipe is discharged from a first water outlet;
the gas exhausted from the first gas outlet enters the gas drying container through the second gas inlet, and the drying agent in the gas drying container removes the moisture in the gas and the biological aerosol particles, so that the influence of the moisture on ultraviolet light to kill microorganisms in the biological aerosol particles and residual volatile organic matters in the photocatalytic oxidation gas is reduced; the dried gas enters the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reactor through the second gas outlet and the third gas inlet;
applying voltage to a corona electrode arranged in a down-flow gas flow guide region of the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container, discharging by the corona electrode, and enabling gas and biological aerosol particles passing through the corona electrode to obtain energy to be ionized, so that the particles are negatively charged; under the action of the down-flow type gas guiding area, gas and bioaerosol particles form a turbulent flow state, the flow velocity is reduced, and the particles can be fully excited and carry electrons; negatively charged gas and biological aerosol particles entering the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction zone are deflected, are driven to a collecting polar plate under the action of coulomb force, are settled and accumulated on the surface of the collecting polar plate, and are transferred to the surface of a solid phase from a gas phase, so that the separation and enrichment of the biological aerosol are realized;
under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, microorganisms deposited on the surface of the collecting electrode plate are radiated and damaged, nucleic acid is destroyed, protein and DNA are modified or lose activity, and the microorganisms cannot replicate, so that the purpose of killing the microorganisms in the biological aerosol particles is achieved. The catalyst on the electrode plate can effectively activate oxygen in the air, and the ultraviolet light beam decomposes oxygen molecules in the gas to generate free oxygen and ozone molecules, wherein the reaction formula is shown as formula 1. The ozone and the activated oxygen have strong oxidation effect on organic matters, and the residual organic matters which are not biodegraded in the gas are further oxidized and decomposed, so that the synergistic treatment of volatile organic matters and the biological aerosol is realized. The purified gas is discharged through a third gas outlet of the biological-photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container.
UV+O2→O-+ O (active oxygen) + O2→O3(ozone) (1)
The invention will be further explained with reference to specific examples.
Fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3 show the structures of the processing devices employed in this embodiment.
Wherein the aperture of the hole on the clapboard with the hole is 8 mm;
the included angle between the liquid guide groove and the side wall of the liquid collecting area is 45 degrees;
the porous gas distribution pipe is in a branch shape;
the aperture of the holes on the porous gas distribution pipe is 3 mm;
the filler of the filler layer is polyurethane foam;
the density of the filler is 45kg/m3；
Further, the filler is loaded with microorganisms for converting waste gas organic matters, the microorganisms comprise bacteria and fungi, and the bacterial population comprises pseudomonas, thiobacillus and paenibacillus; the fungus population comprises penicillium and alternaria (the mixed microorganism is obtained by separating, enriching and culturing from the filler of the existing waste gas treatment bioreactor in a laboratory);
further, the concentration of the microorganism is 1.0X 109copies/g filler;
the drying agent is anhydrous calcium chloride;
the corona electrode is in a strip shape and is made of organic electret material polytetrafluoroethylene;
the collecting polar plate is a flat plate and is made of PPS;
the number of the photocatalytic oxidation assemblies is 1;
the number of the ultraviolet lamp groups is 3, and the wavelength of ultraviolet light is 254 nm;
the number of the electrode plates is 4;
the electrode plate is in a net shape, can be folded or bent to increase the surface area, and is made of a foam nickel-based photocatalyst net; the air permeability is more than 90 percent;
the coating inert catalyst is titanium dioxide;
the ultraviolet light protective layer is made of PVC.
Fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3 show the structures of the processing devices employed in this embodiment.
Wherein the aperture of the hole on the clapboard with the hole is 15 mm;
the included angle between the liquid diversion groove and the side wall of the liquid collecting area is 30 degrees;
the porous gas distribution pipe is net-shaped;
the aperture of the holes on the porous gas distribution pipe is 5 mm;
the filler of the filler layer is activated carbon;
the density of the filler is respectively 20kg/m3；
The filler is loaded with microorganisms for converting waste gas organic matters, the microorganisms comprise bacteria and fungi, and the bacterial population comprises pseudomonas, bacillus and nocardia; the fungus population comprises aspergillus and trichoderma (the mixed microorganism is obtained by separating, enriching and culturing from the filler of the existing waste gas treatment bioreactor in a laboratory);
the concentration of the microorganism is 3.0 x 1010copies/g filler;
the drying agent is calcium oxide;
the corona electrode is in a strip shape and is made of polypropylene;
the collecting polar plate is a concave plate and is made of conductive glass fiber reinforced plastics;
the number of the photocatalytic oxidation assemblies is 1;
the number of the ultraviolet lamp groups is 1, and the wavelength of ultraviolet light is 254 nm;
the number of the electrode plates is 2;
the electrode plate is in a net shape, can be folded or bent to increase the surface area, and is made of graphite;
the coating inert catalyst is titanium dioxide;
the ultraviolet light protective layer is made of ceramic.
Fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3 show the structures of the processing devices employed in this embodiment.
Wherein the aperture of the hole on the clapboard with the hole is 15 mm;
the included angle between the liquid diversion groove and the side wall of the liquid collecting area is 45 degrees;
the porous gas distribution pipe is net-shaped;
the holes on the porous gas distribution pipe are 10 mm;
the filler of the filler layer is polyethylene plastic balls;
the density of the filler is 5kg/m3；
The filler is loaded with microorganisms for converting waste gas organic matters, the microorganisms comprise bacteria and fungi, and the bacterial population comprises thiobacillus, bacillus, nocardia and paenibacillus; the fungus population comprises penicillium, aspergillus and trichoderma (the mixed microorganism is obtained by separating, enriching and culturing from the filler of the existing waste gas treatment bioreactor in a laboratory);
the concentration of the microorganism is 2.5 multiplied by 1011copies/g filler;
the desiccant comprises phosphorus pentoxide;
the corona electrode 311 is in a net shape and is made of hexafluoroethylene/polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer;
the collecting polar plate 39 is a concave plate made of PPS;
the number of the photocatalytic oxidation assemblies 35 is 1;
the number of the ultraviolet lamp groups is 3, and the wavelength of ultraviolet light is 185 nm;
the number of the electrode plates is 4;
the electrode plate is in a film shape, can be folded or bent to increase the surface area, and is a microporous nickel metal foam nano plastic plate; the air permeability is more than 90 percent;
the coating inert catalyst is titanium dioxide;
the ultraviolet light protective layer is made of ceramic.
Examples 4-6 gases and aerosols were treated as follows:
(1) introducing waste gas containing volatile organic compounds and aerosol into a gas distribution area of the down-flow type bioconversion container from a gas inlet, and opening a spraying liquid inlet to spray nutrient solution to the packing layer; the volatile organic matter degrading functional bacteria loaded on the filler convert volatile organic matters in the gas into carbon dioxide, water and carbonate, the treated gas and the bioaerosol particles are discharged from the first gas outlet, and the redundant nutrient solution with part of the degrading functional bacteria flows downwards to enter the liquid collecting region, flows back to the spraying liquid inlet through the second water outlet and the circulating pump and is recycled;
(2) gas and biological aerosol particles discharged from the biological conversion container enter the gas drying container through the second gas inlet; moisture in the gas is removed by the drying agent in the drying container, and the gas and the biological aerosol particles are discharged from the gas outlet;
(3) gas and bioaerosol particles discharged from the dryer enter a down-flow gas guiding region of the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container through a gas inlet; gas and biological aerosol particles pass through the corona electrode arranged in the down-flow gas guide flow zone from top to bottom; negatively charging the gas and bioaerosol particles passing through the corona electrode by applying electricity to the corona electrode; the negatively charged gas and the biological aerosol particles enter a photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction area and are deposited on the surface of the collector plate; starting the photocatalytic oxidation assembly, killing microorganisms in the bioaerosol particles deposited on the surface of the collecting electrode plate by the generated ultraviolet light, and oxidizing and decomposing volatile organic compounds which are remained in the gas and are not degraded in the downflow type biotransformation container by the electrode plate coated with the inert catalyst; the purified gas is discharged from the gas outlet.
Example 4A method for the synergistic treatment of styrene, carbon disulfide, triethylamine and bioaerosol
The processing equipment used in this example is as described in example 1.
The integrated device for the biological-photoelectric multi-energy field cooperative treatment of volatile organic compounds and biological aerosol is made of a plastic plate, and the length, the width and the height of the integrated device are respectively 2.0m, 0.90m and 1.80 m.
Introducing waste gas into a gas distribution area of the down-flow type biological conversion container from a gas inlet, wherein the gas flow is 60m3And h, the retention time is 3.0min, a spraying liquid inlet is opened to spray nutrient solution to the packing layer, the flow rate of the spraying liquid is 10L/min, and the gas is sequentially treated by a down-flow type biological conversion container, a gas drying container and a photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reactor (the specific treatment method and the principle are as described above).
Wherein, the nutrient solution comprises the following components: KHCO3 2.5g/L；CaCl2·2H2O 0.2g/L；MgSO4·7H2O 0.25g/L；KH2PO4 0.5g/L；FeSO4·7H2O 0.2g/L；MnCl2·4H2O 0.50g/L；
Corona electrode energization parameters: the voltage is 120kV, the current is 2.0A, and the average field intensity in working is 4 kV/cm;
the feed gas concentration of styrene was 32.5mg/m3The inlet gas concentration of carbon disulfide is 12.5mg/m3The inlet gas concentration of triethylamine was 1.5mg/m3And the concentration of styrene at the third outlet is 3.0mg/m3The concentration of carbon disulfide was 2.0mg/m3The concentration of triethylamine was 0.05mg/m3The removal rate of styrene is 90.8%, the removal rate of carbon disulfide is 84%, the removal rate of triethylamine is 96.7%, and the gas outlet concentration of styrene, carbon disulfide and triethylamine reaches the odor pollutant emission standard established by the state. The bacterial aerosol concentration discharged from the first exhaust port is 3261CFU/m3The concentration of the fungal aerosol is 567CFU/m3The concentration of the bacterial aerosol discharged from the third air outlet is 837CFU/m3The concentration of the fungal aerosol is 166CFU/m3The removal rate of bacterial aerosol was 74.3%, and the removal rate of fungal aerosol was 70.7%.
Example 5A method for the synergistic treatment of toluene, xylene and bacterial aerosols
The processing apparatus structure employed in this embodiment is as shown in embodiment 2.
An integrated device for the biological-photoelectric multi-energy field cooperative treatment of volatile organic compounds and biological aerosol, which is made of an organic glass plate, has the length, width and height of 1.5m, 0.50m and 1.50m respectively.
Introducing waste gas into a gas distribution area of the down-flow type biological conversion container from a gas inlet, wherein the gas flow is 30m3And h, the retention time is 2.0min, a spraying liquid inlet is opened to spray nutrient solution to the packing layer, the flow rate of the spraying liquid is 6L/min, and the gas is sequentially treated by a down-flow type biological conversion container, a gas drying container and a photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reactor (the specific treatment method and the principle are as described above).
Wherein, the nutrient solution comprises the following components: KHCO3 0.5g/L；CaCl2·2H2O 0.1g/L；MgSO4·7H2O 0.15g/L；KH2PO4 0.1g/L；FeSO4·7H2O 0.2g/L；MnCl2·4H2O 0.50g/L；
Corona electrode energization parameters: the voltage is 40kV, the current is 0.1A, and the average field intensity in working is 3 kV/cm;
the feed gas concentrations of toluene and xylene were 355.1mg/m, respectively3And 208.3mg/m3And the third outlet concentration of toluene and xylene was 28.9mg/m3And 21.5mg/m3The removal rates are 91.8 percent and 89.7 percent respectively, and the concentration of the discharged gas reaches the atmospheric pollutant emission standard established by the state. The bacterial aerosol discharged from the first exhaust port has a concentration of 1193CFU/m3And the concentration of the bacterial aerosol discharged from the third air outlet is 372CFU/m3The removal rate of bacterial aerosol was 68.8%.
Example 6A method for the synergistic treatment of methylene chloride, acetic acid and bioaerosols
The processing apparatus employed in this example is as shown in example 3.
The integrated equipment for the biological-photoelectric multi-energy field synergistic treatment of volatile organic compounds and biological aerosol is made of a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, and the diameter of the integrated equipment is 1.0m, and the height of the integrated equipment is 1.8 m.
Introducing waste gas into a gas distribution area of the down-flow type biological conversion container from a gas inlet, wherein the gas flow is 45m3And h, the retention time is 2.5min, a spraying liquid inlet is opened to spray nutrient solution to the packing layer, the flow rate of the spraying liquid is 6L/min, and the gas is sequentially treated by a down-flow type biological conversion container, a gas drying container and a photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reactor (the specific treatment method and the principle are as described above).
Wherein, the nutrient solution comprises the following components: KHCO3 1.0g/L；CaCl2·2H2O 0.15g/L；MgSO4·7H2O 0.2g/L；KH2PO4 0.3g/L；FeSO4·7H2O 0.2g/L；MnCl2·4H2O 0.50g/L；
Corona electrode energization parameters: the voltage is 80kV, the current is 1.0A, and the average field intensity in working is 3.5 kV/cm;
the intake concentration of the dichloromethane is 436.7mg/m3The inlet gas concentration of acetic acid was 51.5mg/m3The concentration of dichloromethane at the third outlet is 65.1mg/m3The concentration of acetic acid was 2.3mg/m3Removal rate of methylene chloride was 85.1%, and the removal rate of acetic acid was 95.5%. The bacterial aerosol concentration discharged from the first exhaust outlet was 892CFU/m3The concentration of the fungal aerosol is 313CFU/m3The concentration of the bacterial aerosol discharged from the third air outlet is 157CFU/m3The concentration of the fungal aerosol is 92CFU/m3The removal rate of the bacterial aerosol was 82.3%, and the removal rate of the fungal aerosol was 70.6%.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes, combinations and improvements can be made in the above embodiments without departing from the patent concept, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the patent. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent shall be subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for processing volatile organic compounds and bioaerosol is characterized in that the adopted equipment is integrated equipment for cooperatively processing the volatile organic compounds and the bioaerosol by a biological-photoelectric multi-energy field, and the equipment comprises a down-flow type biological conversion container 1, a gas drying container 2 and a photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container 3 which are sequentially connected;
the down-flow type biological conversion container 1 is divided into a gas distribution area 110, a liquid collecting area 17 and a down-flow type biological conversion area 15 by a clapboard 18 with holes and a perforated plate 16 from bottom to top in sequence;
a first air inlet 111 is formed in one side wall of the lower portion of the air distribution region 110, and a porous air distribution pipe 112 is installed at the inner end of the first air inlet; a first water outlet 113 is arranged at the lower part of the other side wall of the gas distribution area, and the first water outlet 113 is lower than the first gas inlet 111; a liquid diversion trench 19 is arranged at the periphery of the clapboard 18 with holes, and the lower side wall of the clapboard is provided with a second water outlet 114;
a first air outlet 115 is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the liquid collecting area 17;
the baffle plate 18 with holes is provided with more than two air guide tubes 12 which are communicated with the downflow type biological conversion area 15 and the air distribution area 110, the air guide tubes 12 correspond to the holes on the baffle plate 18 one by one, pass through the liquid collecting area 17 and extend to the top of the downflow type biological conversion area 15, and the top end of the air guide tube 12 is provided with an elbow which is used as an outlet of the air guide tube;
a filler layer 14 is filled in the downflow type biological conversion zone 15; the side wall of the upper part is provided with a spraying liquid inlet 11, and the inner end of the spraying liquid inlet 11 is provided with a water pipe 13 with a plurality of atomizing nozzles; the water pipe 13 is higher than the filler layer 14 and lower than the elbow of the gas-guide pipe 12, and the spraying liquid inlet 11 is connected with the second water outlet 114 through a circulating pump;
the gas drying container 2 is internally provided with a drying agent, the bottom of the gas drying container is provided with a second gas inlet 22, and the upper part of the gas drying container is provided with a second gas outlet 21; the second air inlet 22 is connected with the first air outlet 115 of the liquid collecting area 17;
a partition 33 is arranged in the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container 3 to divide the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container into a down-flow gas guiding area 32 and a photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction area 38;
a third air inlet 31 is arranged on the upper part of one side wall of the down-flow type gas guiding area 32 and is connected with a second air outlet 21 of the gas drying container 2, a corona electrode 311 is arranged in the gas guiding area 32, the corona electrode 311 is connected with a negative electrode of a direct current power supply through an insulator, and the corona electrode 311 is lower than the third air inlet 31;
the lower part of the partition 33 is provided with a fourth gas inlet 310 which is communicated with the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction zone 38; fourth gas inlet 310 is below corona electrode 311;
the bottom and the side wall of the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction zone 38 are provided with collecting polar plates 39; the collecting polar plate 39 is connected with the positive pole of the direct current power supply; a photoelectrocatalysis oxidation component 35 is arranged in the photoelectricity multi-energy field catalysis reaction zone 38 and is connected with a low-voltage alternating current power supply; the photocatalytic oxidation assembly 35 consists of an electrode plate 37 coated with an inert catalyst and an ultraviolet lamp set 36;
a third air outlet 34 is arranged at the top of the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container 3; an ultraviolet light protective layer is arranged outside the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container 3.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said collecting electrode 39 is a flat or embossed plate made of materials including but not limited to conductive glass reinforced plastic, PPS; the number of the photocatalytic oxidation assemblies 35 is 1 or more.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrode plate is in the form of a film or a mesh, and the electrode plate material includes but is not limited to graphite, carbon fiber, carbon paper, microporous nickel/copper/titanium, metal foam nano plastic plate, and foam nickel-based photocatalyst mesh.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said coated inert catalyst includes but is not limited to titanium dioxide, nanosilver, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium dioxide, cadmium sulfide, sulfide semiconductors.
5. A method for the treatment of volatile organic compounds and bioaerosols according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the following are specified:
(1) introducing waste gas containing volatile organic compounds into a gas distribution area of the down-flow type biological conversion container from a gas inlet, and opening a spraying liquid inlet to spray nutrient solution to the packing layer; the volatile organic matter degrading functional bacteria loaded on the filler convert volatile organic matters in the gas into carbon dioxide, water and carbonate, the treated gas and the bioaerosol particles are discharged from the first gas outlet, and the redundant nutrient solution with part of the degrading functional bacteria flows downwards to enter the liquid collecting region, flows back to the spraying liquid inlet through the second water outlet and the circulating pump and is recycled;
(2) gas and biological aerosol particles discharged from the biological conversion container enter the gas drying container through the second gas inlet; moisture in the gas is removed by the drying agent in the drying container, and the gas and the biological aerosol particles are discharged from the gas outlet;
(3) gas and bioaerosol particles discharged from the dryer enter a down-flow gas guiding region of the photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction container through a gas inlet; gas and biological aerosol particles pass through the corona electrode arranged in the down-flow gas guide flow zone from top to bottom; negatively charging the gas and bioaerosol particles passing through the corona electrode by applying electricity to the corona electrode; the negatively charged gas and the biological aerosol particles enter a photoelectric multi-energy field catalytic reaction area and are deposited on the surface of the collector plate; starting the photocatalytic oxidation assembly, killing microorganisms in the bioaerosol particles deposited on the surface of the collecting electrode plate by the generated ultraviolet light, and oxidizing and decomposing volatile organic compounds which are remained in the gas and are not degraded in the downflow type biotransformation container by the electrode plate coated with the inert catalyst; the purified gas is discharged from the gas outlet.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the packing material of the packing layer includes but is not limited to activated carbon, molecular sieve, volcanic rock, perlite, polyurethane foam, Raschig rings, polyethylene plastic balls;
the density of the filler is 5-50kg/m3。
The desiccants include, but are not limited to, soda lime, NaOH solids, calcium oxide, solid phosphorous pentoxide, and anhydrous calcium chloride.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the nutrient solution is continuously sprayed, and the flow rate of the spraying solution is 0.1-100L/min; the nutrient solution comprises the following components: KHCO3 0.5-2.5g/L；CaCl2·2H2O 0.1-0.2g/L；MgSO4·7H2O 0.15-0.25g/L；KH2PO4 0.1-0.5g/L；FeSO4·7H2O 0.2g/L；MnCl2·4H2O 0.50g/L。
8. A method according to claim 5, wherein the packing material is loaded with microorganisms that convert the waste organic matter, said microorganisms being bacteria, fungi, yeasts, protozoa or any mixture thereof, and the bacterial population includes but is not limited to Pseudomonas, Thiobacillus, Bacillus, Nocardia, Paenibacillus; fungal populations include, but are not limited to, penicillium, aspergillus, trichoderma, alternaria;
the concentration of the microorganism is 1.0 x 107～5.0×1013copies/g of filler.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the exhaust gas has an inlet velocity of 0.001-10m3The residence time is 1-3.0 min.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein the corona charging parameters are: the voltage is 40-120kV, the current is 0.1-2.0A, and the average field intensity is 3-4kV/cm during working.
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Application publication date: 20201215 |